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To identify new target genes of RORγ that are involved in the repression of adipogenesis
we analyzed transcription profiles of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes stably or transiently
overexpressing RORγ (Suppl. Tab. II). Genes upregulated by RORγ and highly expressed in
murine SVF were chosen for a functional siRNA screen in order to test their potential
impact on adipogenesis (Fig. 2.1a). Soley knockdown of matrix- metalloproteinase 3
(MMP3) was able to increase differentiation of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes. We confirmed
Mmp3 mRNA to be upregulated by transient or lentiviral overexpression of RORγ (Fig.
2.1b), suggesting that RORγ controls adipogenesis by regulation of this gene. Interestingly,
expression of Mmp3 during early 3T3-L1 adipogenesis closely follows the expression
profile of Rorγ (Fig. 1.1b), indicating that Mmp3 expression is tightly controlled by RORγ in
preadipocytes.
To elucidate whether MMP3 is a direct target gene of RORγ we screened the MMP3
promoter for potential ROR response elements (RREs). The promoter sequence contains
two potential RREs; the first RRE matches the consensus half-site PuGGTCA and is
preceded by an AT-rich region, whereas the second RRE has the half-core motif PuGGTAA.
Using different luciferase constructs we showed that RORγ-induced transcriptional
activation of the MMP3 promoter depends on the first but not on the second RRE and
reaches levels similar to the known RORγ target gene IL-17 (Fig. 2.2c). These findings were
corroborated by ChIP assays demonstrating binding of RORγ to the first MMP3 promoter
site (Fig. 2.2d). Additionally, active transcription of the Mmp3 gene is enhanced through
RORγ overexpression in a nuclear run-on assay (Fig. 2.2e).