(a )\V{>)= 0128 To ee ta SHIPBOARD MAINTENANCE & PAINTING ROU shy)‘The Producers would like to thank the following for their eo-operation in the making of this programme: Jotun Marine Paints Northern Offshore Federation Pacifie Carriers Ltd Singapore South Tyneside College “Technical Advisers: Mr. fim Kinson Capaain Suresh Marcandan Mr, Jan Aubert Warning. Any unauthorised copying, hiring, lending. exibition diffusion sale. ‘public performance or other explottation ofthis video és srietty probibited ‘and may result bx prosecution. Copyright Videotet Marine Internattonat Limited 1996 This video ts intended to reflect the best available tecbniques and practices {at the Hime of production; i 18 tended purely as comment No responsibilty {18 accepted hy Videotel Marine International Lud, or by any fem, corporation ‘or organisation who oF whieh bas been in any way concerned with the ‘production or authorised translation, supply or sate of this video for accuracy of any information gluen bereon or for any omission berefron.SHIPBOARD MAINTENANCE AND PAINTING SYSTEMS Author: Deborah Catesby COINTRODUCTION Wha hi pacage contains This package consis of two videos and his booMet. The fst vdeo fs ended Cont Elective Control. rs ened 0 be 3 gute w those ping the maintenant of paintwork on boar ‘hin The second vdeo calle! Preparation and Application. This = aimed a those who wil etal cary out the work of repainting on sd Pp, The ont cane uae in wo ways ty designed 0 be se! ating Sessions 10 sccompany the viewing of the videos. I tended vo act 28 reminder of certain important ‘Points made nthe sideos Secon gies acon erm on sone tps AN eae ‘tthe ae on the merits filer resins given in SetionLAldisoelilormation on the elect of dient weather condstions, on pant mixin ar on apiiaion methods can be Jo in Section ‘There are alo two appendices Appendix I coneerms safety i pnt application and should be {ned by mangement fr further an more deal information on the suet implitions of ‘aiming. Append gves some gures on the cost mplctions of various types ai used in hipboad maintenance ow tose the videos and print ina training session ‘The fin video, Cont Ffective Conte, shoul he viewed by those lvoled inthe planningand _Mminnraton of shipboard maintenance. Thexe mayor may not nchae shore sal Section of his booklet cates to this ideo. I cam be used as spainghoard for dscusion of Points ined th video. These pins can either be applied dir tothe demands of parce hipor more generally a par of wal taining If trainer involved, Ne or he may with 0 0p the vdeo afer each ofthe sections suggested In this boolet and tk parcpans ome ofthe ‘questions sigeested in the tent. Tis wl allow those taking part osu up some of be pots ‘made nthe ideo. The key pots for cach ston are highlighted i the tet chen viewing the vide ae the management ramon Boar panic ship, they may wis tes the video w discuss certain sues which later ther ship. For example, whether there is ‘se For upgrading or changing the pnt synem used fora pric area, or bow prepurason ‘The second ideo, Preparation and Application, can he viewed by the i change ofthe day day admiistation of pacing maintenance on bad hip ax well x dose who wl actualy do the painting, Section of this ook i rlted to th ideo and shouldbe used i he same Way 2 Seton I After eich of these sugested sections, the video canbe stopped nd the Key points Fommed up by those watching I pesle, these polns shouldbe rue to parila pacing Fos being underaken on board ship at the time. ‘where action information has en inde! nthe book, the enc ca ad iso discussion ofthe pois made inthe video. In some ces, pare ofthe hoe couldbe phowenpied. nt ive partipansSection 1 Cost EFrective ConTROLSection 1 1. A PARTICULAR PAINT FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ‘es important co ow what ja pain sytem require 0 perform and i what sutions. A psi which right or protesting the underside of he ull may not be ght or protecting he frsides of edible cago holds or the accomadation areas. A paint system which I eal for roecting the machinery hossed in dhe ene room may prove oe useless for protecting he feck ren How is ome marine paint different from another? rns are generally made upof oder, pment, extenders slsens and adds. The variation ‘nthe component il devise the pans inal characters which tenn the job for which the pant i esined, and, course, ts pie: Forcxample D> ais, cpony esters or urethane ol based pains oer easonable protecon ant Sea ‘eater spray es water oi an! sunlight Stl foe wse on the deck, some pars oF the ‘Siperstractar, nthe engine rom othe accommodation aes. > an epoxy or meted epoxy based system wl ve longer and more robust protection 1 rcs onder hey bomburdment. Sulabe for ure om areas such asthe underwater ll ‘Secon or nie tank surfaces. An expensive sistem ofthis Kind wouk! ie qule wasted if pple to general day we inthe accommodation spaces. fora more dtied explanation ofthe difereat hinds of pant and sei fancsons, se section 5 Upgrading the paln sem Using a paint for what it was designe fori cost efective and beneficial Using it elsewhere may bea complete waste. Imgencr the piss eqied cee thr thins > prowaton > msene yaa Protection she fst and angus the sos important job ofa paint stm. Without adequate ain protection, you may havea farting allo your Rand 3 = A & = 2 Fr A 3 8Fe} & 5 S & = E Fe Ej 4 & 2. ENEMY NUMBER ONE - CORROSION Dy far dhe eaten enemy ia maigcoanee tennis corronion. This san onidation process where ‘he cele eing to revert ot oil fron «nor. When it succes, we ell ua. What is rusting? Fusing an electro chemical activity much ike he process inside baery when electrical ene Js dlacharged from eas eecrons How fom anode to eathode > uring the dation of teva esa form ose mesh > store and ones cn et ths mesh of pw hs wl orm an ecrote > toa ene dcharged, the oe esta cts ands farms shes commode Pui peers protect tet rom corrosion by forming a arice agunst the intasion of moisture and oxen “There is one more way 4 prevent coroslon,Hlctricl cuentas fom postive 0 agate, rom ana to cathode. Therefore: > amore posively charge anode, such 8 zine paced next othe sel D> tis comes aay eather than the sce “This s why zinc anodes are weed to xt ares on the hull as part of tho protection ‘Of coun, other comical can atack the seta suse corrosion foe nstance andl cag. ‘Miro cotaninaton wil alo lead 0 coerosion. Bute sme protetion measures apie ‘Four main cateyores of paint are used in marine application, These ae: piers (the ft con, intermediates and fishing paints. Antouling pant weed on hull al | paint system which i designed to protect against corrosion must be able to prevent moisture and oxyen fom reaching the stet, ot ‘mnt have a adequate vine comtent “This isthe ont important jot of any marine primer applied othe set substrateWhat qualities shoutd a primer possess? “he rime st ve the lowing uae sp atheon ropes 10 oa seu bo wih the tc! sor cbeson- high onder of itera seme rx abrisonrexeanee 0 prevent damage rom knocks and wear diners strong since coronon anche ‘high intercon bon =o allow the Stermediaue cout» bond well wih it vvuvvyy ‘dscenson- enough ebay to Be ale vo corer the infinite varies of shapes to which i maybe applied ames must be good bons forthe Imermediate and hing coats whether they provide ani comosion and antsoulng protect superior appearance. (Chooses primer carey and use wy and you wil every cont efetve in your ane nance, ‘Buccs import even han the righ choice of primer thigh degre of preparation, Primers ‘am only protect agsne rust they are app a peopel prepare sure 3. A. GOOD SURFACE tn cones to the primers an intermediate cone completely illeret requirement exists fo the finishing pains. On board ship thei job st prode a good looking and hyienic sh, Peshaps gon ina and pote! dhe pin oe ule tac. Afnishing paint applied othe underwater ston ofthe ul mast pve dhe following D> anisoatponeon D> aamocih aurtace wo rice fron between the ship ad the surounding water “The quality of preparation work Before punting pls major roe here smooth surtie wll Be determined bythe condom of de hl before the pats applied ‘The same tru of al painting woe done on oar ship. -Awell prepared surfice means that paintwork willbe more effective gains rst and wil last longer. fletve protection ofthe ship depend a great deat more on how the surfaces have Been prepared and how ll the punt has heen applied than on the quality ofthe marine paint chosen. Ther more information on surface prepraion gen nthe vidco Preparation and Applicaton. ‘Therein alo an etended section the subject ater ths BOOK =] Ss (=) = a 4 (=)5 E Ss =) = ry Cy) Ss (=) 4, ROUTINE INSPECTION ‘The isk for the on-hoard management ean to manage the sip saitenance programme cst effeciney What isthe job of the on-board management team? ontring th penance of the hon pit toms ovr te raining te bes poste wool for sutace prepartion ae pala appiaion maintaining hs prtcetv function a ecesary ‘consiering upgrading shone speietions which id not prove adequate during the ship's ‘working ee vvvy ‘Good maintenance stars wth frequent inspection of the ship. Routine Inspection can reveal any damage or rust which may have appeared ‘since the last inspection. Which questions will the management team need to ask before deciding ‘on the best form of action? D> sacooientnal pune satin being Ws ori one the arated ane? D> asthe pine performed a expected since was applied? cathe job be handed spat of the on aard mantenance progam oi jo fr de Aiea? 14.3 moce demanding speciation i conser for one te, should the other loeaions Svhere dhe same pain sem eed Benet fom the upgrade? dey the new system equi beter sure preparation? ‘ean he ship's crew cary out at degree of preparation? ‘whit is the prefered application method? » » > > > D> bsthe ships crew equipped weary out he correct apliention! > sharin most economic quant oer? When an rom where? D> sha quantities of the exising os, equipment and paint sce are there aeable? D> aretheyin dter D> shlch syst wil no be used gain? > ‘wha new ecuipment or let protection wll nee tobe ordered?5. UPGRADING THE PAINT SYSTEM. veyting wil be quite sraighlorward ify simply tie to eee exiting systems Which questions will the management team need to ask when planning to upgrade an existing paint system? yon dei upre speetictons you wl nee whew: De proprte ofthe ems alae Drow compe the ate wth exits D> where the penton arcane a oun mm exec tesa ‘hs where the techn mation salable fe pat mantel lp you dee ‘ou winced atch he ares under he pretest tar ha ngs valae marine ane toate the mon appropiate choice 1. Conventional paint systems ae alkyd, epony ester or urethane ol based paints “They have the flowing qualties: reasonable protection agaist sea water spay: esh wate, and sunlight v ‘ingle pack systems which cy by reacting with oxygen ‘These sem are est see onthe allowing areas: supersteveare eine room ‘other conventional sypes of pint ystem, od ener essen propertios vvevvyy dey by oxyde doing sume based pants haem he pas Been used may i tala tans vy eer areas ‘However, bitumen based pains are now comsdered dangerous to health. Also thers ‘ncn regulation Being prepared which will equirethewe‘ouroFaight placer: ballast {anke,clflerdam ete to he painted with aight coloured modified epoxy pala 1 {heitate easier inspection and condition contro. tan lensen of bulk carrier have ben stributed 1 structural falar dc to corrosion {nslase ka, The importance a lar panting with the coerce type of paiot these areas cannot be overemphasised. {Im addition, the painting of argo holds also need specific atention. This must be ‘regularly maintained, andthe ype of pint used must be compatible with the particular ‘argues tobe carried. S 5 A & 2 a Fa a 8I [= 3 3 5 = FA 7] a =} 1M. Various mode ype ovine whic have the following aie: Dap pact rte protection D> need sever nae aster soi conten ow > dey somenteaporaion Diy sot sytem are stable for we ia most ata othe sip x More advanced systems, sch am epoxy or modified epony bated system have the following quaiies: wo jam with oe el mig D> deybr temic caring fm ery con D cesten wide range of chemical aes lave expensive tems bt wil ive longs protection in rete forts reson they may be com cen wed: for ava of hey du proton ‘on the underwater ll ction vvy Joni tank race where extra protection i equied _Apolyurethane based system has the fllowing qualities sewo park raced pai with excelent chemical reitace snes an excepionally hal wearing uric vvy vlelan sty D> conwinscand most anaes ‘This san expensive system. can sal be cost effective however if che ares of apliaton are chosen sel For empl Donsuperscrae D> icang tanh which hold a vase of angesMERITS OF RESINS ‘lke Poor Fie ‘Good | Good | Alkyd: Some nloinatet rber ‘er acing Gioneaed | Gvos Toor Foor | Good | _ Chlorinated er terse voste | Good oor Poor | Good | Mis. some “horned bers pests | Good | Good Tair | Poor [Mom other coating ‘nen fea Fotreitancs| Good | Good Tae | Poor | Most other cout ‘when feat | Zine Poor Good | Good | Poor | Most ater aes sires {Choosing the sight paint system fora parietar purpose lscont fective. ‘Thies hecanse the raht paint wll do the Job effectively ad last longer. great del oetormation about alle pat ystems atte ron manulcturers. Te athe price diference hetween one sytem and another i on nent as importante as apps Pat eopety prepared surfaces. There may bea very high cost penalty asing oon appying any of ‘sour ehosen pans aly prepared src, 6. GOOD HOUSEKEEPING Which are the main points to remember about the safe storage and management of materials on board ship? ‘The techn lformatton avalible rom the pant suppliers wl recommend the standards of preparation the corer method of application the dy thickness forthe various coats ro ahleve primum paint periormance the bet ways cate the reuied quandes ‘was of riding over ordering sock cotton she Me, removal of redundant pats and solvents and safe spol vevvvvy the required heaih and safer equipment to be used during application 3 2 2 = Bj & = 8 Pr 3 Sze 5B 5 A iy = = a 3 Depending on the pe of pais, stents an cleaning agents you uke, an clement of ik presen when you store and work wth these materials You need to make sute tat both the Personne involved an he ship ise ae adequately preted fom the vars hese materials represen on hoant. ‘The sae storage and management of materials fam essential part of, yout planned maletcnance programme Summary of Key Points - Section I KEY POINT 1 Using «paint for what 1 was designe for x cont effective and bene Aclal Usiag it elsewhere may be complete waste. KEY POINT 2 i1rmotsture and oxygen are prevented from entering the steel form. Apaint system which is designed to protect against corrosion must be abe ‘prevent moisture and oxygen from reaching the steel, ort must have a Adequate zine content. KEY POINT 3. A.well prepared surfice means that paintwork willbe more effective against ‘vat and will as longer. fective protection of the ship depends a great deal more on how the surfaces have heen prepared and how well the pat has been applied than con the quality ofthe marine paint chosen. KEY POINT 4 ood maintenance starts with frequent inspection of the ship. Rovtine Ingpetion can reveal any damage rust which may have appeared since the ast inspection, KEY POINT 5 choosing the right paint system fora particular purpose is eos lfecive ‘Tiss because the right pal will do the ob effectively and last longer. KEY POINT 6 The safe storage and management of materials san essential part of your lane malntenance programme, 10PREPARATION AND APPLICATIONz e 5 = By E4 3 2 = z SB A 2 Fr a 4 Section It 1. PLANNING MAINTENANCEWORK ‘catty detection of developing problems wil help the war against corosion,abriion and ‘chemical stack Iwill ako sve 3 lot of had work by the crew whit Keping the shi a goa shane. Delay create more expensive problems inthe Lag run. 1s portant 0 act qui once you have Wenued a problem. What are the most ertical components of effective maintenance planning? Dero matenance scecuing Doro surticeprepanton D> snedapptain chaque ofthe primary cons ofthe choten pant tem ‘The annual cost of on-board malntenane sin the region of §30-0 thousand. You wil pce 10 ‘make a pla for thi maintenance work based ona schedule recommended bythe paint splice What will you need to consider when making a plan for maintenance work? D> note the date, im and condition of coating atthe tme ofan inspection > asses the size of the je he quamies of plat and cleaning materia needed D> check ne man-hours acd 0 sce how wil tia wit er urgen tasks 2. PREPARING TO PREPARE. What do you need 1o know before choosing a paint system for a particular job? the oficer in Charge and the Bosun must know the pain systems chosen forthe sip ancl ‘the purpose for which each system i hes use. The notes for vdeo One we further Information about diferent peso pais) Pall paints mast be propery labelled so as to prevent expensive mistakes 2‘How should you prepare to work in a particular area? D> olathe aca iva > place notices to inform others that paintings going wo take place > eke sure thar an cer check the working platform ifthe loration of he eb epresents aay haa > chee ste harnemes before ie How should you prepare tools and equipment? D> select the cleaning materia p> ecm recommended method of application > select and test all the wool neded for surface preparation and she cornet application of paint > tetallthe sale gear ee eases, lores, espatory equipment and methods of support, ‘which de jo eeqlres- Make them fea 0 be putin pace ‘Proper preparation means that the right pant system will Be used that ‘the correct equipment isin place and that those working willbe propery protected. 3. PREPARING THE SUREACE spb pin tory lin, ean oh lahy surfaces na compete waste paint a efor No paint sate can work property uns the srfice thoroughly cleaned and prepared ist What is the best way of cleaning a surface before going on to deal with rust? remove loose pain nt hat pares rm the are to he pint Scrape ily ath tae Inspect oeoughly 0 ensure that no Loose pain ean “smooth the edges down wo reduce surface rouiness ‘wearall the sale clothing ad equipment required by your ships manual vvuvwy este detergents o seul the sures to make sue hat oo race ofl or grease ‘wash again with sh water wo emove st depois vv ake sre that wfc are though dey before the newt stage surice preparation. 13 =z = ey a = = A ES es E Hi Fy Fa 4Fa S By = 2 2 Sg EI Fa ta Any salt deposits, oll oF grease remaining will use the new paint to detach from the surface soon ate drying. ‘The higest enemy of als unt. Une al ut removed fromthe area efor paling all he ain used and ail he hard Work bythe ce stand ace to be done again Beene it rodiees more rst under the paint and wl ot protect he ste. What methods can you use to dispose of rust? a uric are best prepare by dise sander or mechanical ware rsh D> se tig strokes when using mechanical wire brush «may bumith oe polish she tel surface preventing od pale adhesion and surface prosction D> seimner he edger an ss which te ei ernest he ew oat ean eta the entng cous fr maximum peoteton Smale surfaces maybe est prepared by wre brs or needle gua, olds nece gun Bent and atck the rust gradually heny use ofthe meee gun iy {reat speson the sueae ofthe sel which wl protrude ecg the new pit cot at sar rating immediate; breaking up the nce area ‘The mos eet preparation method i get bing. “Ts method quickly remo the rst tothe recommended suri prepartion standard S42° ‘or 4 This the imernconally recognised and used standard of defining scce preparation ‘aualit: Gri blasting requites considerable wai and pec salty elpment nie be me ring work What needs to be done after removing the rust? D> clean the marae woe pints agai, semoving all ces of runt, hn and cher ol pen ‘Tere are tee stages of surface preparation. 1. The initial removal of drt, ol wrease and salt. 2:The removal of ust, preferably by git blasting 53: Raal removal ofall races of rast, dust and sold particles,4, FINAL PREPARATIONS FOR PAINTING weather conditions can seriously ater the succes of pant application, What are the ideal weather conditions for patuting? Do aremperature of21°6 tne orn wind D> rumiy within 0-50 What weather conditions should you try to avoid when painting? D> Hox ky weather Under bot, dey conditions, enerspeny isa peoblem and coins rend to sy mc aster olen cen in dy spy D> cryspay may rest during appticason eth ne sets ahiscoming requis D> moisare eed urethanes may not cre in dy ondtions > emutsons may dey s api ha they woo coalesce, ut may eaek or ere D> 1%, humid wouter High humid can create condensation problems, paricuat in she Inte ternoon or early evening, Yo wl need fo beep 4 conan chek he aH make sure that contnge are no pple 0 such sures D> warm, moist conasions are good for moisture cute coatings such a inorganic ‘ne nleates sl porarethane D> nor satistctry fr ebtrinstd res ving ce Dlushing can oceur on paint coatings subject to high humidities - caused Dy Precipitation ofthe coating resin onthe surtice duet the water Irremaine even ser the coming i ey > psnctte spe rpeae lower 30°C aor the de poi tng pte ner a tin fener ast doom le D> pacing over ve water spray of de formed dhe steel surface wll cause large rem othe dred easting to detach ‘check both thes and se! surfice temperature togser with the moisture content of the ale A swan sunny day eal or awokding mou, What final steps do you need to make before starting to paint? D> check shat dhe comrect primers ad fishing cows ae being used D> beloe opening ant ke seth he uk arene to aod contamination othe ane D mi che paine Fa So a 5 3 2 Es eS S —E = 4 =FA = = = id = a Es = = Ey = Fd Fy oe io {paint isnot property mixed, the coating wil rapidly decay and fl Avplictrs fen nelet proper mixing. partiulay in punt which bas ued ‘ality. There have Been examples f pan tha was applied wah at est half of the pigment remaning inthe boron of the can vlperscd an ser tro sway wu then What are the best procedures to use when mixing paint? > useamechanical mater ofsome ype whereve possle- ts quicker han hand mizing a ‘reduces amore wim coting oc uni all semen euro neh Bn snake sure that pment on the ottom and ies of cans is mixed a property > » >and serpethe des where neceesry > sold splashing maken men area and re hazard > keep the spelt of the mine sow as posible help dhe pigment in the vehicle to mix futy > iGyou nced.o mix manually separate de liq portion ofthe coating ito aceancontaine, ‘then mix the remainder bere Boning the evo ts ogeter bo this $04 tes Un ‘uniform coating appear. Never manually mean of paint more than 5 Hces in size. "nal preparation should Incinde a check om weather conditions, a= these can seriously affect the suecens of paint application | good painting jb can be wasted if paints not properly mixed before ‘oe: plat i not property mised, the coating wll apy deesy and fi. 5. CHOOSING HOW TO APPLY THE PAINT How do you choose the best method of applying paint? “The thee main ethos are Dew > coer > spey ‘of hese thre, brushing ithe slowest and spraying iy fide fest,“The aca choice of applietion methods depends on 3 numberof ators 1 the type of coating D> most itis cowing can he cay applic by bs though fo are, Mar sures, roles ‘Sespray application imc fster D> tsedrying primers are diicultoapplyby brush or roller-spraying he prefered method for these material D> stow drying mares canbe applied by brush, roller or spray ‘Tae ise ewo coat of primer must be ali! by brushes oles spay un 0 achieve pout penetration andthe required wet coat thickness, Both dese factors ae eral the succes of the bs Roles should nt be used wo apply primes. Rollers nly produce very thin and uneven lye, and require the tne consuming application of several coats. 1. thetyps fence Ie pobtiyh bet itiod i shpe ed lan Th pa eaten oa eee Gps iecion engaoorboner oar the spoken Dbrating sob te we td p> rete oti eA bee D> yng coma mtn gee ne itd wc Dye srg ts ban cred cmp Dy swan Sn i onc iia al Sierras. anand sol shee done yrs Ti a res apse ppp syemecbayy spore tren alse, Brun cmt de pn worked wel imo the srl’ un al comer 4 metre ofenvromment D> brushing and alin canbe done amos any sea see the eotng i tansere from ‘the rush oF ol ercety onto the surace D> spring represen ables with oni ovens, well as posible fre harards due 10 ‘ine ld up D> when spring in the open ona canbe problem since low drying coatings a be ‘arned for tong distance under windy conditions a = s Es 2 Fy Ez Ee S = a FF =Fa e 5 es < 2 2 = z S 5 = Fe] Fs = 6, APPEYING THE PAINT What are the main points to remember about spraying? Deck ne recommended pressure anid sizeof he ovale belo pein D> forthe bist results, spraying should be done aan angle o dees and rom a distance ‘ofbceween 30 and 0 centimetres or the sete Dthespeving should be done evenly stating the spray afer he stroke begin and sopping Ikbelore the xroke end D> the pressures involved in spraying re high and can cau ins al those are ia ‘spraing should wear spec safety equipment Dna the phe hci Howe can the proper thickness of paint best be achieved? min dae ede hint spain an yating wl ory eee ‘Se rcominand neo cna of per Tin bl It ee ths pl eect oom ane ol Romeo D> chest recommiided wot pin hiner pity citing, Tir wal Berween Sime 150 scrome per ont D> stow an eset minimum of coat thee oF four cat are recommended 0 aehive 00d protection Dasa gue alow 45105 ves of paint to coverabout 1 square mere the eal ft i ‘the Bld up ofthe al solids comet in the eoting What are the steps that need to be taken before applying intermediate and finisbing coats? D> ehorouhly ean the rashes a spay guns ws sles hers eh seal the fonts proper une for solvents a sinners pt sohens though spray uns to ensure thorough internal leaning wait forthe primary coat to de efor the intermediate o the shin coat can be appli “The amount of ding time accel depends om your chosen pat stem tse pm gun forntermedite and Bnihing cot sc wl be fatter and give more ever Sure sea bs for sharp edge, corners and wees “ahetesppeopriat, appl Bniching coat with punt oles eller are no aisle for primary cous ‘some shingcoms, such aul palo, mus be applied wan 10 8 hours offing vyvvwvvvy heck the tienes of the fishing coat once tha i! o ensure that the job has en ‘done in accordance Wi the ship's prefered specifstion 18Paint des not ace to be thinned. Thinning leads to extra work ora ‘poor jo Check the thickness onl pant jobs to make sure tha it Ina boon evenly applied and meets the ship's specifications. Summary of Key Points - Section I KEY POINT 1 Key POINT 2 wey POINT KEY POINT 4 KEY POINT 5 KEY POINT 6 ‘Good maintenance schelingmeam thatthe jb doe propentyand without ‘expensive delay. Propes preparation means that the right pain system willbe wed that the correct equipment is in place end that those working willbe property protected. “There are thee stages of enrfice preparation, 1 The inital moval of dito grease and salt 2: The removal of ust, preferably by rt Blasting. 3: Final removal of al traces of rst, dst and solid particles. ‘Final preparation should include a check on weather conditions, a8 these ‘au seriou affect the naccensof plat application A good panty can he wasted i pant nat propery mixed before wee, paint snot propery mixed, the coating wll api decay and fal. Decide on the hest method of application forthe ob, This s determined by ‘the type of coating to be used. the hind of surfice to he covered and the ‘environment where the pants to be applied. Pint does not need tobe thinned. Thinning leads to extra work oF 4 poor Job. Check the thickness om all paint jos to make sure that it has been ‘evenly applied and meets the ship's specications 49 a & = eB = 4 4 a aFa S s Fy = 4 a = = a Appendix! INTRODUCTION "xery painting job exposes personnel 9 conditns and stations tha epreset actual Oe potential danger themelve and ethersin the mma ares. The products nd equipment ‘sed always presenta potential hazard, The nature ofthe environment, fr example the Inside ‘fa ink represents a hizar null othe haan! may be aun by operator cartes OF Ihckof infomation. tsupentsor personnel and worker areas aware ofpotenal ze, ‘they miniose risks and improve morale and eticeney “Tis sppemate dscns in general terms, some typi haantspnrers are exposed t0 and precautions hat am be taken 0 minimise rst snot Intended o provide speci answers ‘tw pec questions of sey that arise on painting jos, Detaled guidance is avalale fom a ‘quale ser engineer or ndusteal hygienist ad fom publications tne inte relerence ‘ection athe end of thi chapter, ‘Punters are subject to many hinds of accents: cece shock, fal, floction, explosion, fling bjes,inhalasonof sole or ther hema and re Inadltion o accents za to health an esl tom using tole ater Types example fll SUREACE PREPARATION quipmen and materials sel surface preparation ean be hsarlows fused creenhy Blast Cleaning ‘whou proper precautions the high presures used in clkaning ean cause ines. ‘water lasting forexample although water ier sae, the extremely igh presses ‘fen use en be hazards, tn ation abeaive materi ay eatse Rar a high Or even ‘moderate pressures and coninuos exposure to the dust ay Fes in ang disease. Steam Cleaning “The high cemperaures and pressures reached during steam clening can be very vanes uta quite sae handled pope Paint Removers Faint removal compounds may contain tose and demi solvents o highly aid orang compounds Some ao ate very Harmable PAINT APPLICATION Paint Materials Mos pain slvens many pent and sone Binders ee tone Essentially allsohent binned pains are Rammable.Howerer most paint materials re quite safe usd with proper precautions. Spray Equipment Pai appliation scared out apy with pressure sprayequipment. ess spray equipment ‘uses pressures that ean bean high a thounand of pou per square ich Thi ee¥lpmene fan be etemelyhaardous if handed carloEnvironment ‘Paiting condoms may be mote haardous than anispated,espectly wth soventahinnet pains Solvents can accumulate wo dangereus levels within an eelosed aren. Other hazas fe always present such s support equipment and mechani equipment nthe work ae tcl contaminants may alo be presen Degree of Hazard Rsk faced in npn job vary considerably dcpendingon the leaion andthe materials nd exipment required Pinna brie ailing a stct level pesca relatively minor ‘nian bc sings les payon caf! sospened 80 metres im the arr peeping he sfc inside an enclened ares may presenta much more scious hard is mporant he {earetiar hazards ext oper precitions ust bean toredace the poss of an over ‘exposure ro solvent pours Painting Crew ‘There isan clement of rs, even with well ined workers, However, lek of tang, lexperience or inadequate Knowiedge of hard by any punter can eat in a thet. not ‘nly to himself but to acer worker inthe painting aca, Nosaleuaed can wurante sey ‘where there ignorance or carelesness. Thus, every wodker must be made aware ofall Inaards and the proper precautions necessary Shor cuts should be swoided because time sve wl ery often be more les iene aeident cur, Safety courses are recommended. SAFETY MEASURES ‘A continuous and enforced saety programme Is mandatory to provide protection against ‘orca hazards. All personnel mat be made aware of hazard nd the precauons against them Disregard of any safety measure inceases the pote danger and the ds hat an accident ‘wll occur or heath wl e impaired because of excessive exposure vo an unsafe envconment General Health, Sensitivity and Attitude ‘All personel should ben good heath and are requled to have a periodical check up ness locresessuscepubility wo health hazards, Anyone sensitive to pant materials should avo the tre ofleaning solvents nd paint remoners an should ws srt pals, the water Inne type Anyone sensitive wo heights should nor he allowed to workon elevated srucures ‘orequipmentCucess people should na be on paling ews Environment “The general environment and working conditions many work ated should he evaluated for ‘naar and safety precautions sboukl be ken ctor sting work Before workers enter an ata, they should e peotcte by whatever devices. procedires or othing are cena ‘able safe workin complete confidence Temperature and Humidity “whith working in cxtremes of temperature and humidity, personnel must be aware of fatigue ‘and ca exhuston apd et ite whi they would not normaly be subjeeted Rest periods land work ees are required andi is extemal that personnel should have a saltigud intake regulary z= So EI = 4 Fs a = CHFy = gs = ES = Es 7 = Ee Respiratory Protection Inhaardous zc, worker man wear ace masks orlicinet respirators approved bythe Heal and Sey Excctve. ‘The degree of espiation protection equed depends upon the Kind nd concentration of contaminants hat workers wil be cxponed to a+ wel athe duration of thelr exposure Abrusiee Blasting Helnet “The helmet comers the head ae shoulders. Yentlatioa s spied hy fs al lomers so the worker isnot exposed o abrasive meda ot tse oe fire, Dust Respirator “The fice man hus emovable cards tha remo cst ce Hire 2) Goel Carre Resphator “The fice mask ether contain emonable carne ri connected to containers ith seated earbon caries. Thecareiges es Alsor solvent, chemi mes and pours {see gure 3) Ar Fe Helmet or Respirator This respesor silat ut lighter an 3 bling helmet because no protection asia bse media unde igh pressure need. The esprato ever the head and shoulders a fresh aes pressure fe. 1 emabes personnel to work i confined ress such 36 tanks (ee figure) Fn ‘Alc fed 0 she blasting helmets and ale Fed respirators aust be cea, dry an fee of ll or ‘earbon monoxide separate ale supply should Be use not atch alr esprtrs to the ‘Sine supply ofr pry uns Keep heelenginc exhaust leant 1m rm compres abe Bye Protection ‘Safer poles shoul aways he wor to re the posit of nt. fumes or water under pressure striking the eyes during surfice preparation or pain application. Goggles are not necessary ia ele used Salty goggles shoul Br well and alow adequate pomp ‘son. They should be approved w Beish Standard qua:Protective Clothing Proecive clothing should be worn whenever there ia chance of hazard, Proveatnedshing Incas Caves inching Hreproof dething Safety eles Sechoed saley sacs [Nona sles when working in enclosed ates of where flammable vapours may be ‘Ad proof clashing shen handling acl eeaning mera in enchsedaca8 Rube loves or psi protenion bo aot ore proecive clothing has sara with chemicals shoul be laundered oF disposed of Hearing Protection Hea protection maybe required dependent on area of work engine rom ACCIDENT PREVENTION Accents came prevented by aking sap precautions, Nothing should be shen for wanted, Equipment Check and Use Always check equipment before use wo ensure that tis in ood working order. Check again scthe begining and atthe end ofeach day. when the jl is completed be sure that equipment cleaned up ready for immede sme shen needed agai. Ladders -Abways ube a safe hanes whi using adders se he following procedures is cing, sting pad using ders | Pp sor adders othe prod in a war, dey are protected rom the wether. Protect wooden ladder ith lea ib so defects ae isle Inspect adders diy during use Keep lea and tee fom ol or grease ‘ono se ladders that ae loge han ea be ete and erected by two men ‘ret that th ae at eat" he working eng the bala secure 10 the baihead Do not vs a stpladder over J metes high Ke should be fly pened with locking stevie: Do not tana on the top step Avot placing adders in ont of doorways, unless the dor socked. (nly one worker should work ona ladder a oe ime, vvyev wvv g S 5 4 = xy = es 7)Ps S Py = 4 2 = z E = a poet tar oe horn D> tte tris eto each high ve tp must eat east heft ove the point of oppor D> reese mee att: nr i ge peter ea nal cases permanent able staging preferable odes fr acess, Prossurised Equipment “he flowing prectuton appt spraying epmen in prices Spann {se conducive hose: Ground all equipment and the objet beng eyed ‘voi sharp bends nthe bose. Nevee points gun or now at anyone or any part ofthe Boy: When handing. renore fingers Ge gg ney the an By si Release ll pressure before dscoancting any part ofthe equipment. Re mire to rave the orifice when cleaning ens spray ns. ‘Goad: safe) vests a eas once, preferably cea year Check al valves, ncting safe valves dy vvyv vvv ‘Store hos in a dry area and awd kinking. _Mostsolventsinned pals and pane solvents re high ammble and extremely dangerous ‘when thes or espestlly thee rapour, are exposed f0 open Ras, sparks OF very heh temperatures The rel ma be fire or exponon ina confnere, nes rope pecatone retaken sley engineer and indus Nyenst shouldbe consulted fr advice about safe ‘working conditions, parece in confined spaces. Solvents ‘Most paint solvents and solvents wae in sohent shined pals are volatile and wll fash in the presence ofa fame or electric spark _Unaly the ater theyre vapors the lower the Mash point. Therefore solenthnned traning olin paint, whic dry relate slows will contain solvents wath a Mash point ‘ofabout 35°C or somewhat higher Asohkencshinned spay paint thar regres fn esprting Solent may contain sovent that Masha 3 low a6 1 ‘A spay gun, which apples fom ile as one lire up wo many 10% of tires of pane per ‘minute Under high pressor, wl pede greater olume of ssitent pour han brushed or ‘olled pine. Therefore al spray equipment mist be grounded w prevent accidental gionbret electric Th snchudes containers, Plnersshouk! ground ther empryncket while fing om x dea Solvent vapours are ear than al and wend to ove along the ground for many meies “Ts, ll ames nee the arcs must be esinguished. Solent vapours must be mechaaliy exhausted from all enone eas with nk at lowest evel. Explosion poo! ight should be ‘te im contined spaces Al lectre moors should be tamed lf in coined spaces Paints Solvent thinned pans at ls Aamunabl and the sme precautions a hone associated wih solvens above apply these pans Deo-Component Pants ‘two-camponct puints should never be mic! in large quantities, generally 99 more than tmventy five hres te. They sual eeate heat because they fet immed upon Inixing The larger the volume med, th higher the temperature. The temperature may get ‘igh enough co cea a hazard (0 Pints und Specialty Coatings ‘tase or ping ras sek with pans bse on linseed i may etch re spontancousy leslie cxpectaly daring warm weather Spilage of penne cals sed in polveaer Iainten and ther similar chemical ca eause combustion Prevention of Fires “Tne following prectutions wil prevent the possibly of res Pp Sore ste in ane cones > “Prohibit smoking anywhere solvent thinned paint is stored, mixed or used. Allow no clectical appliances, hot plates or ther noch appliances in the area Oa board ship [aint mast only be stored in designated pair lockers which are no smoking ares. All ‘sich aeasare fied with aie fir fiingsytem anal lee tangs ae explosion ‘roof Independent venation to the space i albo provided Provide sdxuate vention inal working areas wo preven a bud up of explosive concentrations ofsolentapour. Check rexultly in confined aress or clove paces 0 ‘be sre that vapour canceatations ae helow expose ints ‘Do not use meal ladders in confined areas within 3 metres of exposed elecre win ‘Use non spatking tole o clan metal surfaces wher re haards are presen Etingush ll soures of ame nthe are. Turn offal gs wales and open ll elect ‘sitches If working in confined aca or near electra equipment, sue tha al equipment. motors and lights in aca are grounded. vvwvvyv z 3 = s Ss 2 Fs = a 3Fe = Es = a Cy = 3 D1 tna ea RP per ey a a es nh aii egg igi Pred Chas ep Ch ig te Keep pally of and near dispensing paps and spi 0 absorb an pills Throw ‘ural eaing comin D> leno tet uta er pings We oc, cond cenna es camivateng goatee oma tanres (Sst ncn coped ct pean ere icon hepa hcan ap pat ehvapl HEALTH HAZARDS Causes ‘Asal of palin ingredients ae harmful the human bods: ost people an wihtand these ‘nutera or short periods tine. However some people are immediatly sensitive 0 Some Ingredients adalat everyone will be aflecied ta degree exposed fora wuliccnt period lof tie: Continued exposure may cause dhe Body to become senses that subsequent ontaet may rest na aggravated reaction, especialy or anyone with ehonic ness ‘Meceare to major groups: tse mates an dena orskin tang ater Toxie Materials ‘ype toxic materials ar solvent vapours o dust rom blast cleaning spying operations, which may enter the bol by bresting, wallowing oe even absorption through the skin Symptoms of excenure ingtion o absorption include irkaton of the nasal membrane, Ineadche, dizziness. ap hear eat. ess of appetite nausea and gue Solvents Most solvents are oat se dee, depending upon exposure he dewiee of tay can hemeanured by the Theebold Ln ave (11) expe para per alin (ppm) ofan {oie hat ay aperaor maybe exposed to daring a & or working ay wath mi es ‘This varies fom high o 1.00 fret lab asic alkyl) fo 1 0 50 fr daeetone alcohol and eylene hol monobury eter (polpurehanes). Some spel lquide ane IV's sslowas6 1 perme expan init a determined by an nda Ryglenst or sfeyofice ae exceed then respiratory protection becomes neces Pigments Some pigments a wx, Frcautions should be taken when applving oF removing paints ‘containing hese pigmentsBinders few binders ae toc w some degre i expomure sexes. pla ofthese are eponic, famine hardeners. crys (oot te) polyurethanes and! pojesers. Polen pals hat ‘omtin conan nocyanate compu re stronger wt ery kw permissible expose limits. Once a person iy yemsised aed hasan allergic acon, he should not be subse fuer expenure ta these vps Addiesves Some pair addies, such asthe onpnotin or onganomercurcomponnds used 1 impart fingical properties e sanfoulings) are foie nhaled, absoebed tough the sin OF ingested ‘uc o environmental pressure cre common adv te ae now eng droped fm paises This mosty so im USKand Germany. The Far Estab. bas no environmental by an old pain sstems are sail use. Dermatitic Materials ‘Dermat ntsc he skin, The shin becomes iertated and can become infected ile vrs, Sotents have a tendency to dole and remove naturals and atom skin ving dey, hpped and sensitive wonton. aliphatic hyrocarhan strents, chs mineral pi a ‘ot ay tangas sttonger aromatic hydrocarbon or onenated solvents such 3 ene {tmernatonal No. 07 or Mebon No.2 or), methyl ety ketone (epoxy sinner sch a8 Intemational No. 220 oe Meboa No, 9) or especial ethene ehlonde pane sippy Some epony resins amine hardens, polyurethanes, slveninned acres (net ates) and polyesters may ls tate the sin to some exten er Chemica “Te folowing chemicals are corrosive and mut be Rane wh parila eare ‘Puce removers al bras cleaners containing penal ‘Acid and allan cleaners forse weatment “Thea oetalyst component of was primes Prevention of Health Hazards ‘The following precautions should escotaly eliminate hazards They describe common sense ‘proach to arog coe D> ey and eal ove and dermatic mers when notin se D> Adequacy vente al paint areas, Provide aici venation where neccasry ad we ppeoved respiration protection equipment in confined areas when sufice preparation involves removal fod pins fs ake are nimise dusting to poset workers rm the dust and to proper dispose ofcoating residues, in accordance ith applicable state and federal regulations s 5 2 = Fs Fas By a B E ral 5 2 = EA Ps Wear gougles and the proper respirator when blast cleaning. spraying or performing any ‘operon where an abaormal amount of ipo ord formed > wer apse rs mt dating en ring ema mas Chan an Sete ein a D> id ouching any pr the hay esha demic mater. Wash ands, ee nam hres belo ea and atte end othe day to shower ao bea he Jptwte Change eothng hore lenng, Toss cn betas eal rant removes conning soe ae often gy we. They shoul! Be we on With ‘entation contol andor espaterypetction First ata ‘cep afta kr aval. shoul be stocked with eh materi. ll supervisor sould be thle she emerpency aid Any wexker wo becom ori injured on the jo should he examined bya doetor as soon 1s possible, reardless ofthe apparent serousnes ofthe injury Some toxic materials do nok "ake fl effect or days: Repat all mishaps othe orca oe fest id sation. Signs and Barriers Use signe and bares to Hot the work aes and 0 warn again among Manufacturers Instructions ‘Follow the manuhetrers specifi struction and precautions forthe handing of his product equipment 28Appendix2 An ioterodiaesareyof the condition of pant work required every 2-5 yeas anda fall ‘ockingever5 years AS year punt sytem olen considered a cost-effective option by some ‘Underwater and ship paling incre hl een ul co approximately $1,000 +250, 00 per ene depending om the eye of vessel ‘Standard maintenance (puts and equipment) per vessel costs in hereon 0 $30,000 per tannin fora Handysze bulk cine 10 $40,000 per annum for «Panamax bulk eae "Tectia cons of paint nsntenancein dierent areas the ship you should we the fllonins for eeuttions Pp canteen ctt peng sh brag mare est einen oy eatin clea os ae fol mage are fe Lode og cane perl ges wal aly Soe OS one > cateutarion of the number of cours required for particular areas and the recommended flim thickness, For example, the recommended speciation for 2 onvenutonal syste primer is 2 cots with ln thickness of 40 meron. In all ses ‘ou shold const the sine manures ides D> caestaton oe tos ctor respest ofthe various pes of applatlon, For example, Dies sprays have a 3M lowe factor an brush awl application 415 = 20% loss ‘ctor > coestaion oe som pe agua mete aking nto account the tos tind awe. Asan example, the calculations required forthe surface ares of Freedom Clas vessel (pox 15,000 tonnes) are sppecsimatly 5800 square mates idl 35 lows: ‘upside 11205qm (approximately 60 tres) oor topping 1180.4. (920 ees ancomosine pat, 500 Ives ant outing pais) ‘Yer: Bottom 1680 (1.100 tres antoerosine paint 1,680 ire an-“oulng ping Fla Rowton | 210034 (1,610 lies anomie pant 1,720 ire nt oalng pint) = E = EB = A A FA é 3 2 2 E Es 4 Fa CAS)