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SARMIENTO, YVONE M.

• Scoping – is used to identify the key issues


of concern an early stage in the planning
CHE180 – B03
process.
1. Define Environmental Impact • Prediction – it is to know the magnitude of
Assessment (EIA) and discuss methods impacts and to evaluate their significance.
in generating one. • Mitigation – it is done to avoid or minimize
adverse impacts and consider these in the
Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) planning stage.
can be defined as a study of the effects of a • Management – detailed plan and schedule
suggested project, plan or program. The of measures necessary to minimize,
methodology and procedural foundations of EIA mitigate, etc.
were made in 1970 by the National Environmental • Monitoring – systematic measurement of
Policy Act (NEPA) in USA. The United Nations key environmental indicators over time
Conference on the Environment in Stockholm in within a particular geographic area.
1972 and other conventions formalized EIA.
The first phase of an environmental
assessment is called an Initial Environmental
Examination (IEE). IEE is carried out to determine if
a proposed project has negative environmental
effects and if mitigation measures can be adopted to
reduce or eliminate the said effects. When an IEE is
able to provide a sound solution to environmental
problems, EIA is not necessary. The second phase
is EIA. It is a procedure used to examine the
environmental consequences of a project whether its
beneficial or adverse. EIA is basically based on
predictions. These consequences include all
relevant aspects such as natural, social, economic,
and human environment. Figure 1 shows the
generalized EIA flowchart as stated by Pacifica
Ogola (2007).
The way in which an EIA is carried out in
series or steps. The main steps are:
• Screening – it is done to determine whether
or not a proposal should be subject to EIA,
and if so, of what level of detail. The basis of
whether or not EIA should be made is the
laws and norms of a certain country.
2. Identify the scope, definition of terms, • Extend maximum health services to the
functions of the groups involved in the people in rural areas and provide medical
standards of PD856 (Code on Sanitation care to those who cannot afford it by reason
in the Philippines). of poverty
• Develop, administer and coordinate various
Approval Date: December 23, 1975 health activities and services which shall
Approved by: Ferdinand E. Marcos include public health, preventive, curative
and rehabilitative programs, medical care,
Coverage Area: Nationwide health and medical education services
• Upgrade the standards of medical practice,
Governing Body: Department of Health the quality of health services and programs
to assure the people of better health
Purpose services
To prescribe sanitation requirements for • Assist local health agencies in developing
food establishments and refuse collections and public health programs including medical
disposal system for cities and municipalities. care, and promote medical and public health
research
Definition of Terms • Issue permits to establish and operate
• Code - Code on Sanitation of the government and private hospitals, clinics,
Philippines. dispensaries, schools of nursing, midwifery,
• Department - The Department of Health. and other para-medical course, puericulture
• Secretary - The Secretary of Health. centers, clinical laboratories and blood
• Regional Director - an official who heads a banks
Regional Health Office. • Prescribe standard rates of fees for health,
• Local Health Authority - an official or medical, laboratory, and other public health
employee responsible for the application of services
a prescribed health measure in a local • Performs such other functions as may be
political subdivision. provided by law
• Health Officer - Provincial, City or Municipal
Health Officer.
• Engineer - A Sanitary Engineer.
• Section - any section of this code unless the
term refers to other statutes which are
specifically mentioned.
Functions
• Undertake the promotion and preservation
of the health of the people and raise the
health standards of individuals and
communities throughout the Philippines
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