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Complex Frequency Concept -


Network Theory Questions and
Answers
by Manish
4-5 minutes

This set of Network Theory Multiple Choice Questions &


Answers (MCQs) focuses on “The Concept of Complex
Frequency”.

1. The solution of differential equations for networks is of


the form?
a) i(t)=Kn e(sn t)
b) i(t)=Kn e(-sn t)
c) i(t)=-Kn e(-sn t)
d) i(t)=-Kn e(sn t)
View Answer

Answer: a
Explanation: The solution of differential equations for
networks is of the form
i(t)=Kn e(sn t) where Sn is a complex number which is a root
of the characteristic equation.

2. The real part of the complex frequency is called?


a) radian frequency

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b) neper frequency
c) sampling frequency
d) angular frequency
View Answer

Answer: b
Explanation: The complex number consists of two parts,the
real part and the imaginary part. The real part of the
complex frequency is called neper frequency.

3. The imaginary part of the complex frequency is called?


a) angular frequency
b) sampling frequency
c) neper frequency
d) radian frequency
View Answer

Answer: d
Explanation: The complex number consists of two parts, the
real part of the complex frequency is called radian
frequency. The radian frequency is expressed in radian/sec
and is related to the frequency or the periodic time.

4. The ratio of transform voltage to the transform current is


defined as _________ of the resistor.
a) transform voltage
b) transform current
c) transform impedance
d) transform admittance
View Answer

Answer: c
Explanation: Transform impedance of the resistor is defined

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as the ratio of transform voltage to the transform current


and is expressed as ZR(s) = VR(s)/IR(s) =R.

5. The ratio of transform current to the transform voltage is


defined as ________ of the resistor.
a) transform admittance
b) transform impedance
c) transform current
d) transform voltage
View Answer

Answer: a
Explanation: Transform admittance of the resistor is defined
as the ratio of transform current to the transform voltage
and it is also defined as the reciprocal of transform
impedance. YR(s) = IR(s)/VR(s) =G.

6. The transform impedance of the inductor is?


a) L
b) 1/L
c) sL
d) 1/sL
View Answer

Answer: c
Explanation: Considering the sum of the transform voltage
and the initial current voltage as V1(s) we have the
transform impedance of the inductor. The transform
impedance of the inductor is ZL(s) = V1(s)/IL(s) = sL.

7. The transform admittance of the inductor is?


a) 1/sL
b) sL

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c) 1/L
d) L
View Answer

Answer: a
Explanation: The transform admittance of the inductor is
YL(s) = I1(s)/VL(s) = 1/sL where I1(s) is the total transform
current through the inductor L.

8. The equivalent transform circuit contains an admittance


of value ____ and equivalent transform current source.
a) 1/L
b) 1/sL
c) L
d) sL
View Answer

Answer: b
Explanation: The time domain representation of inductor L
has initial current iL(0+). The equivalent transform circuit
contains an admittance of value 1/sL and equivalent
transform current source.

9. The transform impedance of the capacitor is?


a) C
b) 1/C
c) sC
d) 1/sC
View Answer

Answer: d
Explanation: The transform impedance of the capacitor is
the ratio of the transform voltage V1(s) to the transform

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current IC(s) and is ZC(s) = 1/Cs.

10. The transform admittance of the capacitor is?


a) 1/sC
b) sC
c) 1/C
d) C
View Answer

Answer: b
Explanation: The transform admittance of the capacitor is
the ratio of transform current I1(s) to transform voltage
VC(s) and is YC(s) = sC.

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Network Theory Quiz Online -


Sanfoundry
by Manish
5-6 minutes

This set of Network Theory online quiz focuses on “Series


and Parallel Combination of Elements”.

1. In the circuit shown below, switch K is moved from


position to position 2 at time t = 0. At time t = 0-, the current
in the inductor is I0 and the voltage at the capacitor is V0.
The inductor is represented by a transform impedance
_________ in series with a voltage source __________

a) Ls, L V0
b) Ls, LI0
c) 1/Ls, LI0
d) 1/Ls, L V0
View Answer

Answer: a

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Explanation: The inductor has an initial current I0. It is


represented by a transform impedance Ls in series with a
voltage source L V0.

2. In the circuit shown in question 1, the capacitor is


replaced by a transform impedance of __________ with an
initial voltage ___________
a) 1/Cs, V0/S
b) 1/Cs, I0/S
c) Cs, I0/S
d) Cs, V0/S
View Answer

Answer: a
Explanation: The capacitor has an initial voltage V0 across
it. It is represented by a transform impedance of 1/Cs with
an initial voltage V0/S.

3. The value of the total voltage after replacing the inductor


and capacitor in question 1 is?
a) V1(S)-LI0-V0/S
b) V1(S)+LI0-V0/S
c) V1(S)+LI0+V0/S
d) V1(S)-LI0+V0/S
View Answer

Answer: b
Explanation: The current I(s) is given as the total transform
voltage in the circuit divided by the total transform
impedance. The value of the total voltage after replacing
the inductor and capacitor is V (s) = V1(S)+LI0-V0/S.

4. The value of the total impedance after replacing the

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inductor and capacitor in question 1 is?


a) R-LS-1/CS
b) R-LS+1/CS
c) R+LS+1/CS
d) R+LS-1/CS
View Answer

Answer: c
Explanation: The value of the total impedance after
replacing the inductor and capacitor is
Z (s) = R+LS+1/CS. By knowing the V(s) and Z(s) we can
calculate I(s) as I(s) is given as the total transform voltage
in the circuit divided by the total transform impedance.

5. The current flowing in the circuit in question 1 is?


a) (V1(S)-LI0-V0/S)/( R+LS+1/CS)
b) (V1(S)-LI0+V0/S)/( R+LS+1/CS)
c) (V1(S)+LI0+V0/S)/( R+LS+1/CS)
d) (V1(S)+LI0-V0/S)/( R+LS+1/CS)
View Answer

Answer: d
Explanation: The current I(s) is given as the total transform
voltage in the circuit divided by the total transform
impedance. The current flowing in the circuit is I (s) =
V(s)/I(s) =(V1(S)+LI0-V0/S)/( R+LS+1/CS).

6. Obtain the admittance of the last two elements in the


parallel combination after transformation in the circuit
shown below.

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a) 1+s
b) 2+s
c) 3+s
d) 4+s
View Answer

Answer: d
Explanation: The term admittance is defined as the inverse
of impedance. The admittance of capacitor is 1/s and the
admittance of resistor is 1/4 mho. So the admittance of the
last two elements in the parallel combination is Y1(s) = 4 +
s.

7. The impedance of the last two elements in the parallel


combination after transformation in the circuit shown in
question 6 is?
a) 1/(s+4)
b) 1/(s+3)
c) 1/(s+2)
d) 1/(s+1)
View Answer

Answer: a
Explanation: The impedance of resistor is 4Ω and the
impedance of capacitor is s. So the impedance of the last
two elements in the parallel combination is Z1(s) = 1/(s+4).

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8. The series combination of the last elements after


replacing 1/s and 1/4Ω with 1/(S+4) in the question 6 is?
a) (3s+4)/2s(s-4)
b) (3s-4)/2s(s-4)
c) (3s+4)/2s(s+4)
d) (3s-4)/2s(s+4)
View Answer

Answer: c
Explanation: We got the impedance of last two elements in
parallel combination as Z1(s) = 1/(s+4) and now the
impedance of capacitor is 1/2s. So the series combination
of the last elements is Z2(s) =1/2s+1/(s+4)=(3s+4)/2s(s+4).

9. Determine the admittance parallel combination of the last


elements after replacing with (3s+4)/2s(s+4) in the question
6 is?
a) (4s2-19s+4)/(6s-8)
b) (4s2+19s-4)/(6s+8)
c) (4s2+19s-4)/(6s-8)
d) (4s2+19s+4)/(6s+8)
View Answer

Answer: d
Explanation: The term admittance is defined as the inverse
of the term impedance. As the impedance is Z2(s) =1/2s+1
/(s+4)=(3s+4)/2s(s+4) , the admittance parallel combination
of the last elements is Y2(s) = 1/2+2s(s+4)/( 3s+4)=
(4s2+19s+4)/(6s+8).

10. Obtain the transform impedance of the network shown


in question 6.

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a) (6s-8)/( 4s2+19s-4)
b) (6s+8)/( 4s2+19s+4)
c) (6s+8)/( 4s2-19s+4)
d) (6s-8)/( 4s2+19s+4)
View Answer

Answer: b
Explanation: The term impedance is the inverse of the term
admittance. We got admittance as Y2(s) =
(4s2+19s+4)/(6s+8). So the transform impedance of the
network is
Z (s) = 1 / Y2(s) = (6s+8)/( 4s2+19s+4).

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and Answers.

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One-Port & Two-Port Network


Function Questions and Answers
by Manish
4-5 minutes

This set of Network Theory Multiple Choice Questions &


Answers (MCQs) focuses on “Network Function for the
One-Port and Two-Port”.

1. The ratio of voltage transform at first port to the voltage


transform at the second port is called?
a) Voltage transfer ratio
b) Current transfer ratio
c) Transfer impedance
d) Transfer admittance
View Answer

Answer: a
Explanation: Voltage transfer ratio is the ratio of voltage
transform at first port to the voltage transform at the second
port and is denoted by G(s). G21 = V2(s)/V1(s) G12 =
V1(s)/V2(s).

2. The ratio of the current transform at one port to current


transform at other port is called?
a) Transfer admittance

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b) Transfer impedance
c) Current transfer ratio
d) Voltage transfer ratio
View Answer

Answer: c
Explanation: Current transfer ratio is the ratio of the current
transform at one port to current transform at other port and
is denoted by α(s). α12(s) = I1(s)/I2(s) α21(s) = I2(s)/I1(s).

3. The ratio of voltage transform at first port to the current


transform at the second port is called?
a) Voltage transfer ratio
b) Transfer admittance
c) Current transfer ratio
d) Transfer impedance
View Answer

Answer: d
Explanation: Transfer impedance is the ratio of voltage
transform at first port to the current transform at the second
port and is denoted by Z(s). Z21(s) = V2(s)/I1(s) Z12(s) =
V1(s)/I2(s).

4. For the network shown in the figure, find the driving point
impedance.

a) (s2-2s+1)/s

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b) (s2+2s+1)/s
c) (s2-2s-1)/s
d) (s2+2s-1)/s
View Answer

Answer: b
Explanation: Applying Kirchoff’s law at port 1,
Z(S)=V(S)/I(S), where V(s) is applied at port 1 and I(s) is
current flowinmg through the network. Then Z(S)=V(S)/I(S)
= 2+S+1/S = (s2+2s+1)/s.

5. Obtain the transfer function G21 (S) in the circuit shown


below.

a) (s+1)/s
b) s+1
c) s
d) s/(s+1)
View Answer

Answer: d
Explanation: Applying Kirchhoff’s law V1 (S) = 2 I1 (S) + 2
sI1 (S) V2 (S) = I1 (S) X 2s Hence G21 (S) = V2(s)/V1(s) =2
s/(2+2 s)=s/(s+1).

6. Determine the transfer function Z21 (S) in the circuit


shown in question 5.
a) s
b) 2 s

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c) 3 s
d) 4 s
View Answer

Answer: b
Explanation: The transfer function Z21 (S) is Z21 (S) =
V2(S)/I1(S). V2 (S) = I1 (S) X 2s. V2(S)/I1(S)=2s. On
substituting Z21 (S) = 2s.

7. Find the driving point impedance Z11 (S) in the circuit


shown in question 5.
a) 2(s+2)
b) (s+2)
c) 2(s+1)
d) (s+1)
View Answer

Answer: c
Explanation: The driving point impedance Z11 (S) is Z11
(S)=V1(S)/I1(S). V1 (S) = 2 I1 (S) + 2 sI1 (S) => V1(S) =
(2+2s)I1(S) => V1(S)/I1(S) = 2(s+1). On substituting Z11 (S)
= 2(S+1).

8. Obtain the transfer function G21 (s) in the circuit shown


below.

a) (8 S+2)/(8 S+1)

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b) (8 S+2)/(8 S+2)
c) (8 S+2)/(8 S+3)
d) (8 S+2)/(8 S+4)
View Answer

Answer: d
Explanation: From the circuit, the parallel combination of
resistance and capacitance can be combined into
equivalent in impedance. Zeq(S) = 1/(2 S+1/2)=2/(4 S+1).
Applying Kirchhoff’s laws, we have V2 (S) = 2 I1(S) => V1
(S) = I1 (S)[2/(4 S+1)+2] = I1 (S)[(8 S+4)/(4 S+1)] The
transfer function G21 (s) = V2(s)/V1(s) =2 I1(S)/((8 S+4)/(4
S+1))I1(S) =(8 S+2)/(8 S+4).

9. Obtain the transfer function Z21(s) in the circuit shown in


question 8.
a) 1
b) 2
c) 3
d) 4
View Answer

Answer: b
Explanation: The transfer function Z21(s) is Z21 (S) =
V2(S)/I1(S). V2 (S) = 2 I1(S) => V2 (S)/I1 =2. On substituting
Z21(s) = 2.

10. Determine the driving point impedance Z11(S) in the


circuit shown in question 8.
a) (8 S+4)/(4 S+4)
b) (8 S+4)/(4 S+3)
c) (8 S+4)/(4 S+2)

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d) (8 S+4)/(4 S+1)
View Answer

Answer: d
Explanation: The driving point impedance Z11(S) is Z11(S) =
V1(s)/I1(s). V1(s) = I1(s)((2/(4s+1))+2) = I1(s)((8s+4)/(4s+1))
=> V1(s)/I1(s) = ((8s+4)/(4s+1)). On substituting we get
Z11(S) = (8S+4)/(4S+1).

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Network Theory.

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Basic Network Theory Questions


and Answers
by Manish
4-5 minutes

This set of Basic Network Theory Questions and Answers


focuses on “Poles and Zeros of Network Functions”.

1. The coefficients of the polynomials P (S) and Q (S) in the


network function N (S) are ________ for passive network.
a) real and positive
b) real and negative
c) complex and positive
d) complex and negative
View Answer

Answer: a
Explanation: The coefficients of the polynomials P (S) and
Q (S) in the network function N (S) are real and positive for
passive network. On factorising the network function we
obtain the poles and zeros.

2. The scale factor is denoted by the letter?


a) G
b) H
c) I

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d) J
View Answer

Answer: b
Explanation: The scale factor is denoted by the letter ‘H’
and its value is equal to the ratio of ao to bo.

3. The zeros in the transfer function are denoted by?


a) 3
b) 2
c) 1
d) 0
View Answer

Answer: d
Explanation: The roots of the equation P (S) = 0 are zeros
of the transfer function. The zeros in the transfer function
are denoted by ‘o’.

4. The poles in the transfer function are denoted by?


a) x
b) y
c) z
d) w
View Answer

Answer: a
Explanation: The roots of the equation Q (S) = 0 are poles
of the transfer function. The poles in the transfer function
are denoted by ‘x’.

5. The network function N (S) becomes _________ when s


is equal to anyone of the zeros.

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a) 1
b) 2
c) 0
d) ∞
View Answer

Answer: c
Explanation: The network function N (S) becomes zero
when s in the transfer function is equal to anyone of the
zeros as the network function is completely defined by its
poles and zeros.

6. The N (S) becomes ________ when s is equal to any of


the poles.
a) ∞
b) 0
c) 1
d) 2
View Answer

Answer: a
Explanation: The network function is completely defined by
its poles and zeros and the network function N (S) becomes
infinite when s in the transfer function is equal to anyone of
the poles.

7. If the poles or zeros are not repeated, then the function is


said to be having __________ poles or ________ zeros.
a) simple, multiple
b) multiple, simple
c) simple, simple
d) multiple, multiple

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View Answer

Answer: c
Explanation: If the poles or zeros are not repeated, then the
function is said to be having simple poles or simple zeros
and the network function is said to be stable when the real
parts of the poles and zeros are negative.

8. If the poles or zeros are repeated, then the function is


said to be having __________ poles or ________ zeros.
a) multiple, multiple
b) simple, simple
c) multiple, simple
d) simple, multiple
View Answer

Answer: a
Explanation: If there are repeated poles or zeros, then
function is said to be having multiple poles or multiple zeros
and the network function is stable if the poles and zeros lie
within the left half of the s-plane.

9. If the number of zeros (n) are greater than the number of


poles (m), then there will be _________ number of zeros at
s = ∞.
a) n
b) m
c) n-m
d) n+m
View Answer

Answer: c
Explanation: If the number of zeros (n) are greater than the

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number of poles (m), then there will be (n-m) number of


zeros at s = ∞ and to obtain (n-m) zeros at s = ∞ the
condition is n>m.

10. If the number of poles (m)are greater than the number


of zeros (n), then there will be _________ number of zeros
at s = ∞.
a) m+n
b) m-n
c) m
d) n
View Answer

Answer: b
Explanation: If the number of poles (m)are greater than the
number of zeros (n), then there will be (m-n) number of
zeros at s = ∞ and to obtain (m-n) poles at s = ∞ the
condition is m>n.

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Network Theory.

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Network Theory, here is complete set of 1000+ Multiple
Choice Questions and Answers.

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Driving Point Functions Properties


Questions and Answers
by Manish
4-5 minutes

This set of Network Theory Multiple Choice Questions &


Answers (MCQs) focuses on “Properties of Driving Point
Functions”.

1. The driving point function is the ratio of polynomials in s.


Polynomials are obtained from the __________ of the
elements and their combinations.
a) transform voltage
b) transform current
c) transform impedance
d) transform admittance
View Answer

Answer: c
Explanation: The driving point function is the ratio of
polynomials in s. Polynomials are obtained from the
transform impedance of the elements and their
combinations and if the zeros and poles are not repeated
then the poles or zeros are said to be distinct or simple.

2. The pole is that finite value of S for which N (S) becomes

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__________
a) 0
b) 1
c) 2
d) ∞
View Answer

Answer: d
Explanation: The quantities P1, P2 … Pm are called poles of
N (S) if N (S) = ∞ at those points. The pole is that finite
value of S for which N (S) becomes infinity.

3. A function N (S) is said to have a pole (or zero) at infinity,


if the function N (1/S) has a pole (or zero) at S = ?
a) ∞
b) 2
c) 0
d) 1
View Answer

Answer: c
Explanation: A function N (S) is said to have a pole (or
zero) at infinity, if the function N (1/S) has a pole (or zero) at
S = infinity. A zero or pole is said to be of multiplicity ‘r’ if (S-
Z)r or(S-P)r is a factor of P(s) or Q(s).

4. The number of zeros including zeros at infinity is


__________ the number of poles including poles at infinity.
a) greater than
b) equal to
c) less than
d) greater than or equal to

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View Answer

Answer: b
Explanation: The number of zeros including zeros at infinity
is equal to the number of poles including poles at infinity
and it cannot be greater than or less than the number of
poles including poles at infinity.

5. The poles of driving point impedance are those


frequencies corresponding to ___________ conditions?
a) short circuit
b) voltage source
c) open circuit
d) current source
View Answer

Answer: c
Explanation: A zero of N(s) is a zero of V(s),it signifies a
short circuit. Similarly a pole of Z(s) is a zero of I(s). The
poles of driving point impedance are those frequencies
corresponding to open circuit conditions.

6. The zeros of driving point impedance are those


frequencies corresponding to ___________ conditions?
a) current source
b) open circuit
c) voltage source
d) short circuit
View Answer

Answer: d
Explanation: The zeros of driving point impedance are
those frequencies corresponding to short circuit conditions

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as pole of Z(s) is a zero of I(s) and zero of N(s) is a zero of


V(s),it signifies a short circuit.

7. In the driving point admittance function, a zero of Y (s)


means a _______of I (S).
a) 1
b) 2
c) 3
d) zero
View Answer

Answer: d
Explanation: In the driving point admittance function, a zero
of Y (s) means a zero of I (S) i.e., the open circuit condition
as the driving point admittance function is the ratio of I(s) to
V(s).

8. In the driving point admittance function, a pole of Y (s)


means a _______ of V (S).
a) zero
b) 1
c) 2
d) 3
View Answer

Answer: a
Explanation: The driving point admittance function Y(s) =
I(s)/V(s). In the driving point admittance function, a pole of
Y (s) means a zero of V (S) i.e., the short circuit condition.

9. The real part of all zeros and poles must be?


a) positive or zero
b) negative or zero

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c) positive
d) negative
View Answer

Answer: b
Explanation: The real part of all zeros and poles must be
negative or zero. But the poles or zeros should not be
positive because if they are positive, then they will lie in the
right-half of the s-plane.

10. Poles or zeros lying on the jω axis must be?


a) complex
b) at least one complex pole
c) at least one complex zero
d) simple
View Answer

Answer: d
Explanation: Poles or zeros lying on the jω axis must be
simple because on jω axis the imaginary part of poles or
zeros will be zero.

Sanfoundry Global Education & Learning Series –


Network Theory.

To practice all areas of Network Theory, here is complete


set of 1000+ Multiple Choice Questions and Answers.

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sanfoundry.com

Transfer Functions Properties -


Network Theory Questions and
Answers
by Manish
5-6 minutes

This set of Network Theory Multiple Choice Questions &


Answers (MCQs) focuses on “Properties of Transfer
Functions”.

1. The coefficients of numerator polynomial and the


denominator polynomial in a transfer function must be?
a) real
b) complex
c) at least one real coefficient
d) at least one complex coefficient
View Answer

Answer: a
Explanation: The coefficients of P(s), the numerator
polynomial and of Q(s), the denominator polynomial in a
transfer function must be real. Therefore all poles and zeros
if complex must occur in conjugate pairs.

2. In a transfer function, the degree of numerator


polynomial is ___________ than the degree of the

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denominator polynomial.
a) greater than
b) less than
c) equal to
d) less than or equal to
View Answer

Answer: d
Explanation: In a transfer function, the degree of numerator
polynomial is less than or equal to than the degree of the
denominator polynomial. And the degree of the numerator
polynomial of Z21(s) or Y21(s) is less than or equal to the
degree of the denominator polynomial plus one.

3. The real parts of all poles and zeros in a driving point


function must be?
a) zero
b) negative
c) zero or negative
d) positive
View Answer

Answer: c
Explanation: The real parts of all poles and zeros in a
driving point function must be zero or negative but should
not be positive and the complex or imaginary poles and
zeros must occur in conjugate pairs.

4. If the real part of driving point function is zero, then the


pole and zero must be?
a) complex
b) simple

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c) one complex pole


d) one complex zero
View Answer

Answer: b
Explanation: If the real part of driving point function is zero,
then the pole and zero must be simple but should not
contain any complex pole or complex zero.

5. The degree of the numerator polynomial and


denominator polynomial in a driving point function may
differ by?
a) 0
b) 1
c) 0 or 1
d) 2
View Answer

Answer: c
Explanation: The degree of numerator polynomial and
denominator polynomial in a driving point function may
differ by zero or one. And the polynomials P(s) and Q(s)
may not have any missing terms between the highest and
lowest degrees unless all even or odd terms are missing.

6. The lowest degree in numerator polynomial and


denominator polynomial in a driving point function may
differ by at most __________
a) 0
b) 1
c) 2
d) 3

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View Answer

Answer: b
Explanation: The lowest degree in numerator polynomial
and denominator polynomial in a driving point function may
differ by at most one and the coefficients in the polynomials
P(s) and Q(s) of network function must be real and positive.

7. The coefficients in the denominator polynomial of the


transfer function must be?
a) positive
b) negative
c) positive or zero
d) negative or zero
View Answer

Answer: a
Explanation: The coefficients in the denominator polynomial
of the transfer function must be positive but should not be
negative and the coefficients in the polynomials P(s) and
Q(s) of transfer function must be real.

8. The coefficients in the numerator polynomial of the


transfer function may be?
a) must be negative
b) must be positive
c) may be positive
d) may be negative
View Answer

Answer: d
Explanation: The coefficients in the numerator polynomial of
the transfer function may be negative and the complex or

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imaginary poles and zeros must occur in conjugate pairs.

9. The denominator polynomial in a transfer function may


not have any missing terms between the highest and the
lowest degree, unless?
a) all odd terms are missing
b) all even terms are missing
c) all even or odd terms are missing
d) all even and odd terms are missing
View Answer

Answer: c
Explanation: The denominator polynomial in a transfer
function may not have any missing terms between the
highest and the lowest degree, unless all even or odd terms
are missing and the polynomial P(s) may have missing
terms between the lowest and the highest degree.

10. The degree of numerator polynomial in a transfer


function may be as small as _________ independent of the
degree of the denominator polynomial.
a) 1
b) 2
c) 0
d) 3
View Answer

Answer: c
Explanation: The degree of numerator polynomial in a
transfer function may be as small as zero, independent of
the degree of the denominator polynomial and for the
voltage transfer ratio and the current transfer ratio, the

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maximum degree of P(s) must be equal to the degree of


Q(s).

Sanfoundry Global Education & Learning Series –


Network Theory.

To practice all areas of Network Theory, here is complete


set of 1000+ Multiple Choice Questions and Answers.

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