Purpose Sample Year Problem Intervensi Comparison Outcome Yolanda To examine nurse executives Hospitals continue to December 2013 A qualitative study Seven themes Ogbolu PhD, chief nurse from one eastern face challenges and December with chief nurse emerged: (1) lack CRNP, FNAP, executives’ United providing care to 2014, study executives and of awareness of Assistant perspectives on: States (US). diverse pa- personnel interview. All resources for health Professor and (1) the sample of twelve tients. The uptake of conducted site interviews were care Director of provision of regional hospitals standards related to visits to these eight transcribed organisations; (2) Global Health, Debra culturally and was selected culturally and hospitals. verbatim. Eight constrained cultural A. Scrandis linguistically to include linguistically During these visits, interview competency PhD, CRNP, appropriate hospitals of appropriate a trained researcher transcripts training; (3) BC, Associate services in various sizes, services into clinical audiotaped 45- were analysed suboptimal Professor, hospitals and geographic practice is sluggish, minute in- using content resources FCH & (2) to identify location, teaching despite potential depth interviews analysis (Miles, (cost and time); (4) Grace barriers and ownership benefits, including with chief nurse Huberman, & mutual Fitzpatrick and facilitators status. Eight of the reduc- executives to Saldana, understanding; (5) MSN, RN associated with twelve sites agreed ing health disparities, identify barriers 2014). limited workplace (2017) the to partici- patient errors, and facilitators to diversity; (6) implementation pate in the study readmissions and the delivery of commu- of culturally improving patient CLAS. Basic nity outreach and experiences demographic data programmes; and linguistically were collected and (7) the ap- the hospital chief management of propriate nurse executives unvoiced patient services. were white, expectations. females (63%) and males (37%) who were educated at the master’s degree (50%) and doctoral degree levels (50%)