utoCAD Tutorial 4:

FOR RELEASE 2000i

PLEASE READ: ___________

These tutorials were designed to be part of the introductory courses taught by the Graphic
Communications Program at NORTH CAROLINA STATE UNIVERSITY. All of the directions used in this
and the other tutorials in this series assume that you are running AutoCAD Release 2000i on an NT system.
These directions will only work with Release 2000i. Other versions may not have the same commands or
format.

OBJECTIVES:
After completing this tutorial you should be able to:

1. use the User Coordinate System, and

2. convert a solid model to a multiview using the SOLVIEW and SOLDRAW commands.

STEP 1
In the last tutorial you created a simple solid model using PRIMITIVES (simple solid shapes) and
combined or removed them using BOOLEAN OPERATIONS. Once you create a model, it needs to be
converted to a Multiview Drawing, which is the standard method of representing objects for manufacturing
processes.

Before you attempt this, let's review the World Coordinate Systems (WCS) and User
Coordinate System (UCS). You must understand these concepts to complete this and the next two
tutorials.

**NOTE: If the WCS icon in your classtemplate file is not the 2D version (see image below), you should
change it to the 2D version through the UCSICON command. Type ucsicon at a Command: prompt,
select the Properties option, and when the UCSICON dialogue box appears, select the 2D icon option.
Coordinate Systems are based on the Cartesian System of X, Y, and Z axes. The UCS icon, which is
usually displayed on the AutoCAD drawing area, indicates the orientation of the WCS or UCS. You must be
constantly aware of the orientation of the UCS or WCS icon in order to place or modify elements in your
models. Remember, many of the commands in AutoCAD require that you alter the coordinate system.

When there is a W on the UCSICON you are in the WORLD Coordinate System, and the XY plane is
oriented with the TOP of the model. The positions of the X-axis and the Y-axis are identified by the labels
on the icon, and the Z-axis is perpendicular to the XY plane.

FIGURE 1

  FIGURE 4

FIGURE 3

FIGURE 2
A representation of the default
AutoCAD's Default view when a new Your orientation to a model in a orientation to a model in a new
file is opened.  new AutoCAD drawing window AutoCAD file. A solid model seen
(the default).  from this orientation would look
like a top view of a multiview
drawing. 

STEP 2
The model you will convert to a multiview is in a file you need to copy to your hard-drive or a floppy
disk.

To access this file, click on the t4solid file link shown below.
t4solid

After you click on the t4solid link, one of two things could happen:

the AutoCAD program will launch and open the file,

OR
a dialogue box will appear.
If the dialogue box appears, use the appropriate selections to save the file to your hard-drive or a floppy
disk.

Once the file is saved, locate and open your classtemplate file.

When the classtemplate file opens, change to MODEL space by clicking on the Model tab
.

Now, use the Block... command under the INSERT menu to place the t4solid model into the classtemplate
file. Use the Browse button on the INSERT dialogue box to locate the t4solid file and insert it at the 0,0,0
point. **Do not become alarmed if you do not see the model after you insert it. Use the Extents option of
the Zoom command, and the model will appear. See FIGURE 5.

FIGURE 5

With the t4solid model inserted, rename the classtemplate file tutorial4 through the Save As...
command.

When you insert a drawing or model into a another file, AutoCAD groups the model
or drawing into a BLOCK. To edit and inserted drawing or model you must explode
it first. NOTE: Be careful not to explode a model twice. Exploding a model twice
will convert it into individual lines, and it will no longer be a solid. The commands
that you will use later in this tutorial will not work unless the t4solid model remains
a solid.

Use the EXPLODE command to explode the model ONCE.

Look at the model you inserted in this file. Notice that you are oriented to the TOP or World view of the
model so that it looks like a Top multiview drawing. See FIGURE 6. To see the model as a pictorial, you
must change you view of the object using the Vpoint command you used in Tutorial 3.

FIGURE 6
Read the information on the Vpoint command and use the Rotate option. Specify a 300 degree
position from the X-axis IN the XY Plane and a 35 degree angle FROM the XY Plane. NOTE: The
pictorial view you should have of the model is not a true Isometric Pictorial. This viewpoint was chosen to
limit the number of edges in the model that line up with each other. This can sometimes be a problem with
an Isometric view of a wireframe. FIGURE 7 will help you remember how the Rotate option functions
under this command.

FIGURE 7 shows the two settings you made and illustrates that 300 was a position in a FLAT 360 degree
plane (the XY Plane), and 35 was an angle to this XY plane. So you are at the 300 degree point on the 360
degree XY plane and cocked 35 degrees to the XY plane.

If you think of the XY plane as the top of a round table with a model placed at its center, you can position
yourself anywhere around the circumference of the table. That is the position IN the XY plane. You must
then decide whether you want to look at the model from a sitting position, a standing position, or a kneeling
position. This is a position FROM the XY Plane. Obviously, whether you are sitting, standing, or kneeling
affects your angle relative to the model and view of the model.

FIGURE 7

Now that you have changed you viewpoint, the model appears as a transparent 3D image (like the one in
FIGURE 8). The cursor cross hairs have also changed, but you are still in the World Coordinate
System, which is indicted by the W on the WCS icon.

The Vpoint command changes your angle to the MODEL, but

not the position of the MODEL. It has not moved. This concept
must be understood very clearly or later concepts do not make
sense.

FIGURE 8

To understand the next part of the tutorial better, you will be introduced to a feature in AutoCAD known as
TILED Viewports or Vports. Read the information on the Vports command.

With the information on this command, use it to create 4 vports. They should look like the viewports in
FIGURE 9.
FIGURE 9

Tiled Viewports allow you to see multiple views of the SAME model. This mode is called tilemode
because the viewports are arranged in a "tile" pattern. Look at FIGURE 6 and your screen. Notice that
the arrangement of the Tiled Viewports is regular, and they are all the same size. In the illustration
above, the views of the model in the Tiled Viewports are the same. This is like having four TV monitors
arranged on a grid, and all of the TVs tuned to the same channel.

In AutoCAD, you can display a different view of the model in each viewport. To continue the TV analogy,
this would be like having four cameras placed at different positions around the model with each attached to
one of the TV monitors (Vports). As the TV director, you can decide how many cameras you wish to use
and where each camera is placed. In AutoCAD, you can specify the view on each monitor using the
Viewpoint (Vpoint) command.

The viewports you just created are known as TILED VIEWPORTS. This means that they are arranged 
like tiles on a wall. You must be in AutoCAD's TILEMODE to create tiled viewports. In AutoCAD 
terminology, TILEMODE is equal to 1 or ON. This will become important to our later discussion, so 
remember that these viewports are TILED and you are in TILEMODE. (There could be a test later.)

The next step you will perform is to change the Vpoint in three of these viewports, so that you have a Top,
Front, and Right side view of the model. First, reread the information on the Rotate option under the
Vpoint command.

To create a TOP View of the Model:

Click inside of the viewport in the traditional TOP position (upper left). A heavier border line should now
surround this viewport, which indicates that it is the active viewport. You can only work in one viewport at a
time.
Activate the Vpoint command and select the Rotate option.
When asked for an angle IN the XY Plane, type 270.
This brings you to the 270 degree position in the 360 degree XY plane.
When asked for an angle FROM the XY Plane, type 90.
This positions you at a 90 degree angle to the XY plane so that you are looking straight down at the XY
plane. This is the view of the model you started with at the beginning of the tutorial.

If you want a visual representation of this process, look back at FIGURES 3 and 6, and think about the
appropriate position you would be in to create this view of the figure.

To create a FRONT view of the Model:

Click in the viewport in the traditional FRONT position (bottom left),
activate the Vpoint command, and select the Rotate option.
When asked for an angle IN the XY Plane, type 270.
When asked for an angle FROM the XY Plane, type 0.

To create a RIGHT SIDE view of the Model:

Click in the viewport in the traditional RIGHT SIDE position (bottom right),
activate the VPOINT command, and select the Rotate option.
When asked for an angle IN the XY Plane, type 0.
When asked for an angle FROM the XY Plane, type 0.

Look at FIGURE 10 to check your orientations. If you have a view incorrectly oriented, repeat the
steps for the incorrect viewport.

FIGURE 10
The views you see in the viewports are NOT four different models, but the SAME MODEL seen from
FOUR DIFFERENT ANGLES. The model has not moved, you have placed a "camera" at a different angle
to the MODEL for EACH viewport. If you work on the model in one port, the changes appear in the
others.

To demonstrate this, click on the viewport in the upper Right (the pictorial view). Add a line from the
center of the large cylinder to one corner of the top of the model by using the Osnap commands of
Center for the circle and Endpoint for a corner. The exact corner does not matter since it is only an
illustration. Notice that the line also appears in the top viewport.

Erase this line.

A final thing you should notice is that the WORLD Icon appears in two of these viewports, but the
BROKEN PENCIL icon appears in the Front and Right Side viewports. The Broken Pencil icon indicates
that you are perpendicular to the World Coordinate Plane (looking at its edge) in those viewports, and
the WCS icon cannot be displayed.

Now, use the Vports command to change back to a Single viewport. Reread the information on
Vports before this, if needed. Once back to a single view of the model, you may need to use the Vpoint
command to rotate your view back to 300 degrees IN the XY Plane and 35 degrees FROM the XY
plane.

STEP 3
To change the model to a multiview, you will use the Solview and Soldraw commands. The
combination of these commands will project a 2D drawing of the solid model.

To use these commands properly, you must pay particular attention to their explanations and the
information below.

Up to this point, you have worked primarily in MODEL SPACE, which is exclusively three-dimensional
space. You have accessed PAPER SPACE (Layout) only when you were ready to place your drawing or
model inside of your titleblock and print it. However, we probably need to examine the differences between
MODEL SPACE and PAPER SPACE in more detail before we proceed any further.

While you were in MODEL SPACE, the MODEL tab button was selected. If you had looked at the Status
Bar at the bottom of the AutoCAD screen, you would have noticed that the word MODEL was also
displayed in the button on the right end of this bar. See FIGURE 11.

FIGURE 11

By comparison, PAPER SPACE (Layout) , as its name implies, represents the paper on which you are
going to print your drawing. NOTE: You do not have to be in PAPER SPACE in order to print.

Now, change to PAPER SPACE by CLICKING on the Layout1 tab you have used before. Notice that
the word PAPER now appears on last button on the right end of the Status Bar at the bottom of the
AutoCAD screen. See FIGURE 12.
FIGURE 12

In Layout1, you will see your titleblock and the model inside of the viewport that AutoCAD
automatically adds. See FIGURE 13. Click on this viewport and erase it. NOTE: If you have a
heavy black line around the view, instead of the thinner one shown in FIGURE 12, check to see if
the PAPER button on the Status Bar is showing. If you see MODEL, click on this button to
change to Paper and then locate the viewport and erase it.

You should now only see the titleblock in the Layout.

FIGURE 13

Erasing the viewport in PAPER Space does not erase it in MODEL Space. The model is still there, but
now it is covered by a virtual "piece of paper." If you wish to be certain, just click on the Model tab again
to see the model in MODEL Space and then return to Layout1. The icon in the lower LEFT corner of the
AutoCAD drawing area also indicates that you are in PAPER SPACE. The familiar UCS icon has been
replaced by the Paper Space icon shown in FIGURE 14.

FIGURE 14

Think of PAPER SPACE as an OPAQUE sheet of paper placed in front of your model. AutoCAD will
cut a viewport in this automatically, but for our purposes, the viewport is usually the wrong size. Therefore,
you will remove this viewport so that you can install one of an appropriate size for your needs. With the
viewport that AutoCAD automatically "cuts" in the" paper" of Paper Space removed, you can't see the
model because the paper blocks your view. You must cut new viewports called "floating" viewports, in the
paper to look through.

Now, suppose that instead of just cutting "openings" in the paper, you could also mount a monitor in the
openings, viewports, you cut and have each monitor connected to a separate TV camera. Each camera would
transmit an image of the model to its monitor. Since each camera can be located in a different position, each
monitor could display a different view of the model. The equivalent of changing a camera position is the
Viewpoint (Vpoint) command you used earlier. This is the same concept we used in the TILED
VIEWPORTS exercise.
In PAPER SPACE you can create "FLOATING" Viewports as well as TILED Viewports. Viewports in
Paper Space can display a STATIC "snap shot" view of the model (the PAPER side of Paper Space)
or a DYNAMIC "modifiable" view of the model (the MODEL side of Paper Space). Floating viewports
can be any size, at any position, can overlap, can be resized, and can be moved. While you are in Paper
Space (Layout), you can check to see if you are in the PAPER or MODEL side of Paper Space by
looking for the word MODEL or PAPER at the end of the Status Bar. See FIGURE 15.

FIGURE 15

In the PAPER side of Paper Space (Layout), like a photograph, you cannot modify the Paper image
because it is frozen. However, you can add 2D elements, such as center lines and dimensions, much like
drawing on a photograph. Also, like drawing on a photograph, anything drawn in the PAPER side of Paper
Space (Layout) is NOT part of the actual model. So, think of adding elements to a drawing in the PAPER
side of Paper Space as drawing on a transparent sheet placed over the views.

In the MODEL side of Paper Space, the viewports provide openings in the "paper" so you can view the
model through them. In this mode, the model can be edited in any viewport because you can access MODEL
Space through the viewport.

With this background, you are ready to create a two-dimensional multiview drawing from the model you
inserted into the classtemplate from the t4solid file. You eventually will use these same procedures with
models you construct.

To create the multiview, you will use two commands called Solview and Soldraw. (I know, you didn't
ever think we would get back to these!) These commands allow you to automate the process of
converting the three-dimensional model to a Multiview Drawing in two dimensions.

STEP 4
Before using the Solview and Soldraw commands, use the orthoGraphic option of the UCS
command to change to the FRONT UCS. Switch to Layout1.

IMPORTANT NOTE: Once you are in Layout1, look for the Paper Space Icon . If you see
a broken pencil instead, activate the UCS command and select the View option. This will orient the UCS to
the Layout1 view. If the X and Y axes of the UCS is not oriented to plane of the Paper in Paper Space,
the next command will not work. YOU HAVE BEEN WARNED!!

Read the information on the Solview command.

1. Activate the Solview command, AutoCAD will automatically switch to PAPER SPACE
(Layout1) if you are not currently in it.
 2. Select the UCS option.

3. When the prompt asks for a UCS, press Enter to use the Front UCS you have already set.
4. When the prompt asks for a scale factor, type .5 (half size) so that the view will not be two large
for your Layout size. NOTE: This will mean that the SCALE: in the titleblock will be 1:2.

5. When the prompt indicates, click on the screen in an appropriate position for a front view. A front
view of the model will appear on the screen. If the front view is not in a good location, you can click
more than once until you think you have it in a good location. Try to keep it low and in the LEFT
corner, but with enough space bordering it so you can create a floating viewport around it and add
center lines.

6. When you have the view positioned, press Enter until the prompt directs you to "Specify first
corner of viewport."
When asked for the first corner, click and release the LEFT mouse button in a position that would
indicate one corner of a rectangular opening that would contain the model view. Remember to
leave plenty of room so you can add the center lines that will extend past the figure. See
FIGURE 17.
7. When the prompt directs you to "Specify opposite corner of viewport," complete the
rectangular viewport by dragging your mouse to the opposite diagonal corner of the rectangle and
clicking the mouse again. See FIGURE 17.
***If you are getting an ERROR MESSAGE when you are attempting to place the second corner of your
viewport, you are not reading my directions carefully enough!! Go back up to the heading labeled
IMPORTANT NOTE: and read the instruction on fixing your UCS so that it is oriented to PAPER
SPACE. The Viewports you are cutting in Layout1 must be oriented to the XY plane. A Broken Pencil
Icon, in the left corner of your screen, means that the XY plane is not oriented with the Paper of the
PAPER SPACE in the Layout1 view.***
8.

FIGURE 17
9. Name it Front.

To place the TOP VIEW:

1. Stay in the Solview command, or return to it.

2. This time select the Ortho option.

3. Select the TOP EDGE of the FRONT viewport with the Left mouse button to indicate the
"Specify side of viewport to project."
See FIGURE 18.
 FIGURE 18

4. Place the view in an appropriate position for a TOP multiview.

5. Name the view Top.

**IMPORTANT NOTE: You must click on the APPROPRIATE edge of the viewport, when using the
Ortho option of this command. For example, if you click on the bottom edge of the FRONT viewport,
AutoCAD will allow you to place the view in the TOP position, but it will be a Bottom view rather than a
Top view. AutoCAD uses the edges of the viewports to determine the orientation of the view in the
viewport.**

Now, repeat the steps using the Ortho option of Solview to create the Right Side view and name it
SIDE.

Look at FIGURE 19 to see how the drawing should look when you are finished. Remember to select the
right edge of the Front viewport.

FIGURE 19
Your viewports do not have to match the size of those shown in FIGURE 19. Notice that the sizes of these
ports vary, but the views in the viewports line up.

Have you saved your file lately?

To see what the views would look like without the edges of the viewports, you can make the Vport layer
invisible. To make this layer invisible, make sure that you are in the PAPER side of Paper Space or
change to it (the PAPER button should be showing on the Status Bar). Now, select the Vport layer,
either on Layer Status drop-down window or through the Layer command, and click on the light bulb
. See FIGURE 20. The Vport layer contains the viewport edges. If you are in the MODEL side of
Paper Space and make the Vport layer invisible, the viewport frame that surrounds the active layer will
still show.

FIGURE 20

Notice that hidden features are seen in the views, but they are not being displayed as hidden lines. This is
because you are still viewing the model in these viewports in WIREFRAME mode. The hidden lines will be
created in a later step.

Now, turn the Vport layer back on by again clicking on the light bulb by the Vport layer on the Layer
Status drop-down menu.

STEP 5
In this step, you will project two-dimensional multiviews off of the model and change the hidden line
color assignment.
 ***SPECIAL WARNING: Zooming in Paper Space 

If you are in the MODEL side of Paper Space, you can zoom in each individual floating viewport 
(NOT SOMETHING YOU WANT TO DO), but cannot zoom in and out across all of the views at 
once. To Zoom in and out across the entire drawing, be sure that you are in the PAPER side of Paper 
Space (the PAPER button shows in the Status Line), and then zoom.

If you accidentally change the zoom factor or the position of the model in any or all of the floating 
viewports, they will not return to the original scale and alignment when you change back to "static" or 
PAPER side of Paper Space. The PAPER side of Paper Space freezes the current view on the screen. 
To return the views to their original size, use the Zoom XP option.

If your views are out of alignment, you can use the Align option under Mvsetup, which allows you to 
select a point on one view and align it with the same point in an adjacent view. 

With the views established, you extract the 2D drawings from the model with the Soldraw command. Up
to now, you were still looking at a three-dimensional model. The views are in the "static" mode of Paper
Space so you cannot edit them. Soldraw projects 2D images off of the model, but does not replace it.
The 2D projections are added to the file.

Read the information on Soldraw. Using this information, activate the Soldraw command, and project
the 2D views off of the model. The figures showing in the viewports will not look any different when you
are done, except that hidden lines will appear in the views. If the hidden lines are not showing, the hidden
line type may not have loaded properly. Do not panic, you can reload them now. Locate and read the
information in the LEFT PANEL on Loading Line Types and load the line styles named Center and
Hidden.

With Soldraw completed, some additional changes need to be made so that the hidden lines will be in a
different color. Click on the Layer button to bring up the Layer Properties Manager dialogue
box (YOU CANNOT DO THIS THROUGH THE LAYER STATUS WINDOW). When the dialogue box
opens, you will see a listing of the LAYERS and their properties. See FIGURE 21 for an example.

FIGURE 21

In this dialogue box, you should

find a series of Layers labeled
Front-DIM, Front-HID, Front-
VIS, Side-DIM, Side-HID, etc.
These layers were added by the
Solview command. For now, we
are only interested in the Front-
HID, Side-HID, and Top-HID
layers. These are assigned the
Hidden line style and have their
color changed.
To change the color of Front-HID, for example, double click the left mouse button on the square under
the property category labeled "C" (for color) in the row
labeled Front-HID. The Select Color dialogue box
should appear. See FIGURE 21.

To change the color of the Front-hid layer, choose a

color in the Select Color dialogue box by clicking on
color box with the left mouse button. The new color
should show in the window labeled Color.

You are free to select any color, but stay away from the
lighter shades, like yellow. These are difficult to see when
you print.

After you make your color selection, click on OK to exit

the Select Color dialogue box and return to the
Layer Properties Manager dialogue box.

Repeat this procedure for each of the layers ending in

-HID (for Hidden).

One final change you should make before exiting the Layer Properties Manager, is to change the line
thickness of the -VIS layers. Locate a -VIS layer and look at the setting under the Lineweight. It should be
set to Default. Click on the word Default and AutoCAD will open the Lineweight dialogue box. In this
box, scroll down to 0.7 and then click on the OK button. You will return to the Layer Properties
Manage. Repeat this for all of the -VIS layers. Making this change will not show in the drawing until you
print. If you do not make this change, the visible lines in the top-VIS, side-VIS, and front-VIS layers
would be the same thickness as the center and hidden lines. Now, close the Layer dialogue window. The
hidden lines in your drawing should now appear in the color you selected.

Look at FIGURE 22. to see how your drawing should appear after you finish.
FIGURE 23

HELP NOTE: So what do you do if you screw up a view during Soldraw and Solview and wish to
eliminate it? The easiest way to deal with this problem is to erase the viewport and add it again.

To erase a floating viewport, you must be in the PAPER side of Paper Space. Select the viewport you
wish to erase, by clicking on its edge, and use the Erase command. Sounds simple, but there is a catch!

You can use Solview's Ortho option, followed by Soldraw, to replace the view you erased, but you
MUST GIVE THE REPLACEMENT A DIFFERENT NAME. AutoCAD will not replace an existing
view if you give it the same name, even though a prompt will ask you if you wish to replace it. After you
create the new view under a different name, you must change the color of the -HID layer(s) added by
Solview under the new name.

STEP 6
The next step will be to add center lines to your drawing.

***IMPORTANT: Before you begin, let me again stress that if you need to Zoom the "whole" drawing 
(all three views simultaneously), you MUST be in the PAPER side of Paper Space. To check this, look 
at the Status Bar at the bottom of the AutoCAD screen and make sure that the word PAPER shows on 
the second button from the RIGHT. See FIGURE 24. 

FIGURE 24 

To add center lines to the multiviews of the model, you must create three additional layers and assign the
center line type to them. To see how this is done, reread the description of the Layer command.

Now, add new layers named: top-cen, front-cen, and side-cen. Once they are added, change the layer
color assignment to something OTHER THAN BLACK and the line type to center lines.

Finally, you need to change the scale of the dashes in the hidden and center lines. This can be accomplished
through the Line Type Scale command. Because you are scaling the drawing down, you need to change
the length of the dashes in the hidden lines. To change the length of these dashes, type ltscale (for Line
Type Scale) at a Command: prompt and then type .25 as the new scale factor.

The center lines will be added in the MODEL side of Paper Space, so change to this mode now. The
second button from the RIGHT on the status bar should display the word MODEL.

There are ONE major thing to remember when adding the center lines:
 You must make sure that you are in the correct layer for the view in
which you are adding center lines.
Failure to use the proper layer will cause you big headaches during the
Vplayer command you will use later.

With this in mind:

1. click in the Top viewport to make it the active window, and

2. change to the Top-cen Layer.

With the Top viewport active, you can now modify the 2D multiview projection to add center lines.

The easiest method for adding the center lines is to use a combination of the Offset and Extend
commands.

The first center lines you should add are for the LARGE CIRCLE in the TOP view. The standard rule is
that center lines should extend approximately 10mm past the feature they are associated with if the
drawing is not dimensioned. HINT: Since you can now edit the 2D drawing in the viewports, you can use
the Offset command to create a circle 10mm larger than the original. Offset works with a circle or arc as
easily as it works for a line. Read the information on Offset if you can't remember how this command
functions.

The Large HOLE (seen as a circle in the TOP view) has a diameter of 40, and the small HOLE (seen as a
set of hidden lines on the right side of the TOP view) has a diameter of 20.

Look at FIGURES 25, 26, and 27. The views show the use of the Offset, Extend, and Osnap
commands to place the center lines. HINT: If you offset one of the hidden lines for the small hole center,
you can move it to the Top-cen layer by selecting the line and then the top-CEN layer on the LAYER
STATUS WINDOW drop-down menu.

FIGURE 25, and 26

FIGURE 27

HELP!! My viewports are too small.
If your viewports are too small, you can enlarge them. Read the Stretch 
command information and then enlarge any viewport that needs it. 
 NOTICE: The center lines you are placing in the Top view are 
also showing up in the other views. You will deal with this 
problem later, but it illustrates that you are seeing both the the 
model and the 2D projections of the model in all of the viewports. 
See FIGURE 28.

FIGURE 28 
Now, change to the side-CEN layer, click in the Side viewport In this view, the holes are shown as
hidden lines. The large hole has a visible line overlapping the hidden line on its right edge. Now, create
center lines for the holes in this view. See FIGURE 29.

FIGURE 29

Finally, change to the front-CEN layer, click in the Front Viewport, and add center lines to the circles in
this view. NOTE: If you try to place center lines so that they extend 10 mm past the circle, they will touch
the visible lines around the circle. THIS IS NOT GOOD DRAWING PRACTICE. You NEVER draw
center lines so that they END at a visible line. You either shorten or lengthen the lines when this situation
occurs. To deal with this problem, you might want to Offset the circle 8mm instead of 10. See FIGURE
30. Again notice the center lines showing up in all the views. We will take care of that problem next.

FIGURE 30

Have you saved lately?

STEP 7
With the center lines in the views, we can now deal with the "extra" center lines showing in each view.
The command we will use to deal with this is Vplayer (Viewport Layer).

Read the information on this command, and then activate the Top viewport. Use the Freeze option under
this command to "freeze" the front-CEN and side-CEN layers. After you exit this command, the extra
center lines in this view will disappear from this view. NOTE: The Freeze option of this command freezes
the center layers of the other two viewports.
  HELP!! When I tried to freeze in the VPLAYER, 

the wrong center lines disappeared!!! 
The most common error that causes this problem is that the center lines were added to the wrong layers. It is 
easy to forget to change the layer when you shift to a new viewport and begin adding center lines. Here is a 
way to test if this is the problem. First, undo until all of your center lines show again. Next, select a center 
line by clicking on it with the left mouse button. Look at the Layer Status Window(see sample at right). 
The layer that this center line was drawn on will appear in the window where you see the "0" in this example.

If the center line is not on the correct layer, use the same Layer Status Window drop­down menu to 
select the proper layer while the line is selected. This will move the line to the correct layer. Note: If the center
line was already on the correct layer, hit Escape twice to completely deselect it before testing the next line.

With all the center lines now placed on the correct layers, use Vplayer again to freeze the center layers in 
the TOP viewport. 

Repeat this for the Front viewport (freezing the center layers for the other viewports), and the Side
viewport. HINT: You can check the name of these layers through the Layer Status Window. When
completed, the drawing should look like the one in FIGURE 31.

FIGURE 31

Now, before you insert your Titleblock, switch

back to PAPER side of Paper Space and use the
Layer Status Window menu to click
on the light bulb icon to make the Vport layer
invisible. The borders around the views will
disappear, and the drawing will look like Figure 32.
FIGURE 32

Finally, edit the text in the titleblock, and Plot the drawing. NOTE: Remember you used a .5 scale when
you placed the views of the multiview into Layout1. So, what scale should you state in your titleblock for
scale.