Avon A92 Formula Student Tyre Options

Self Aligning Torque and Cornering Force Data

Spec: 14227S 14254S 14140S Slip Angles: 9° to -9°

Size: 6.2/20.0-13 7.2/20.0-13 8.2/20.0-13 Pressure: 21psi
Rim: 6.0J x 13" 7.0J x 13" 9.0J x 13" Cambers: 0° to 3.5°

Project: RC1028STB
Tested: 11/21/2013

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Unpublished.
 Spec 14227S
Pressure 21psi
Angle SAT CF SAT CF SAT CF SAT CF SAT
LOAD 75kg 75kg 75kg 75kg 75kg
CAMBER 0° 0.5° 1.0° 1.5° 2.0°
-9.0 -11.64 1.25 -11.23 1.31 -10.54 1.39 -8.32 1.45 -9.22
-8.0 -8.59 1.19 -7.36 1.25 -7.44 1.33 -5.63 1.38 -5.30
-7.0 -4.52 1.15 -4.92 1.19 -2.94 1.25 -2.32 1.33 -1.42
-6.0 -4.12 1.08 -3.02 1.13 -2.83 1.20 -1.79 1.28 -0.45
-5.0 -4.46 1.00 -4.68 1.02 -3.19 1.10 -2.68 1.18 -1.25
-4.0 -2.33 0.87 -1.64 0.91 -0.19 0.99 1.14 1.06 1.74
-3.0 -3.84 0.73 -2.85 0.77 -1.92 0.85 -0.73 0.92 0.82
-2.0 -0.37 0.55 0.48 0.59 1.84 0.66 3.07 0.74 4.76
-1.0 4.55 0.31 5.11 0.34 7.14 0.41 7.98 0.48 9.32
0.0 12.90 0.03 14.04 0.04 17.94 0.12 18.17 0.19 18.57
1.0 22.15 -0.24 23.62 -0.23 24.75 -0.16 25.54 -0.10 26.72
2.0 26.07 -0.46 27.03 -0.44 27.95 -0.37 28.84 -0.30 29.76
3.0 27.16 -0.61 28.14 -0.60 28.83 -0.53 30.09 -0.46 30.75
4.0 29.78 -0.72 29.92 -0.71 30.57 -0.64 31.59 -0.58 32.33
5.0 31.22 -0.82 32.12 -0.82 32.54 -0.74 33.13 -0.67 33.83
6.0 31.54 -0.90 32.17 -0.88 32.66 -0.83 33.54 -0.75 33.64
7.0 33.80 -0.97 34.91 -0.96 35.07 -0.89 35.36 -0.82 36.44
8.0 34.78 -1.03 35.13 -1.01 35.80 -0.95 36.00 -0.86 36.38
9.0 36.54 -1.08 37.33 -1.07 37.49 -1.00 38.33 -0.91 38.46
LOAD 150kg 150kg 150kg 150kg 150kg
CAMBER 0° 0.5° 1.0° 1.5° 2.0°
-9.0 -28.84 2.30 -28.15 2.31 -27.92 2.37 -26.95 2.43 -24.86
-8.0 -28.68 2.20 -28.19 2.23 -27.55 2.28 -25.66 2.36 -23.93
-7.0 -27.21 2.06 -26.11 2.09 -24.54 2.15 -22.82 2.22 -22.05
-6.0 -26.41 1.88 -25.41 1.91 -22.54 1.98 -22.13 2.04 -21.29
-5.0 -27.70 1.68 -26.14 1.72 -23.77 1.78 -21.42 1.85 -19.65
-4.0 -24.21 1.45 -21.94 1.49 -20.23 1.55 -18.46 1.63 -15.75
-3.0 -24.15 1.19 -22.41 1.23 -20.27 1.29 -17.46 1.36 -16.01
-2.0 -15.88 0.85 -14.15 0.88 -12.97 0.97 -10.92 1.02 -8.22
-1.0 -4.91 0.43 -2.67 0.46 -0.41 0.54 1.79 0.61 3.90
0.0 14.72 -0.06 16.69 -0.03 18.70 0.06 21.12 0.13 22.99
1.0 33.80 -0.52 35.66 -0.48 36.69 -0.40 38.40 -0.31 39.70
2.0 43.79 -0.89 45.47 -0.86 46.49 -0.76 47.67 -0.68 49.26
3.0 46.93 -1.17 48.18 -1.13 48.97 -1.05 49.89 -0.96 51.35
4.0 49.09 -1.39 49.97 -1.35 51.29 -1.26 51.83 -1.18 52.89
5.0 50.90 -1.58 51.58 -1.54 52.64 -1.45 52.70 -1.37 53.89
6.0 50.10 -1.73 50.71 -1.70 51.53 -1.61 52.26 -1.52 52.62
7.0 50.81 -1.89 51.25 -1.84 51.88 -1.75 52.54 -1.67 52.95
8.0 48.12 -2.00 48.67 -1.95 49.33 -1.86 49.35 -1.75 50.44
 9.0 48.83 -2.09 49.31 -2.06 49.64 -1.94 50.49 -1.84 50.23
LOAD 225kg 225kg 225kg 225kg 225kg
CAMBER 0° 0.5° 1.0° 1.5° 2.0°
-9.0 -48.55 2.93 -47.14 2.95 -46.36 3.00 -44.26 3.04 -42.82
-8.0 -49.34 2.75 -48.31 2.77 -45.98 2.81 -44.48 2.86 -42.36
-7.0 -47.81 2.53 -46.58 2.56 -42.99 2.61 -41.82 2.66 -40.07
-6.0 -45.55 2.31 -44.65 2.33 -41.94 2.38 -39.95 2.44 -37.56
-5.0 -46.18 2.05 -44.40 2.08 -42.40 2.14 -40.17 2.19 -36.39
-4.0 -43.39 1.76 -41.41 1.80 -38.36 1.86 -35.43 1.91 -33.14
-3.0 -40.66 1.41 -37.94 1.44 -35.08 1.51 -32.30 1.57 -29.42
-2.0 -28.43 0.99 -25.47 1.02 -23.35 1.09 -20.72 1.16 -18.03
-1.0 -9.02 0.48 -7.83 0.52 -5.20 0.59 -2.24 0.68 -0.16
0.0 17.80 -0.09 18.07 -0.04 20.78 0.04 23.51 0.13 24.38
1.0 42.97 -0.62 43.88 -0.57 45.19 -0.49 46.33 -0.40 48.62
2.0 59.03 -1.08 60.53 -1.02 60.87 -0.93 61.70 -0.86 61.87
3.0 64.82 -1.45 65.67 -1.39 66.13 -1.31 66.28 -1.20 66.86
4.0 67.67 -1.76 69.00 -1.70 69.59 -1.60 69.08 -1.50 69.47
5.0 68.95 -2.01 69.57 -1.95 69.47 -1.84 69.67 -1.74 69.90
6.0 67.69 -2.23 68.43 -2.17 68.80 -2.06 69.02 -1.96 68.57
7.0 67.29 -2.42 68.00 -2.36 67.81 -2.25 68.07 -2.14 67.11
8.0 64.64 -2.59 64.79 -2.54 64.49 -2.42 64.28 -2.31 63.79
9.0 64.16 -2.75 64.32 -2.68 64.05 -2.57 63.87 -2.45 63.70
LOAD 300kg 300kg 300kg 300kg 300kg
CAMBER 0° 0.5° 1.0° 1.5° 2.0°
-9.0 -66.88 3.83 -68.44 3.69 -66.57 3.67 -65.15 3.66 -62.73
-8.0 -71.46 3.60 -70.21 3.45 -67.28 3.42 -66.03 3.42 -62.75
-7.0 -69.71 3.30 -68.10 3.16 -65.61 3.14 -61.94 3.14 -58.86
-6.0 -70.86 2.98 -66.22 2.85 -61.96 2.83 -58.82 2.85 -55.71
-5.0 -72.68 2.62 -66.87 2.51 -62.01 2.52 -57.64 2.54 -53.68
-4.0 -73.09 2.21 -63.87 2.14 -58.58 2.15 -53.87 2.18 -49.46
-3.0 -65.85 1.71 -57.10 1.68 -50.91 1.72 -46.89 1.76 -42.26
-2.0 -46.01 1.15 -38.18 1.18 -33.83 1.22 -30.81 1.28 -27.44
-1.0 -17.66 0.51 -12.25 0.59 -9.42 0.66 -7.63 0.74 -4.77
0.0 21.66 -0.18 21.61 -0.05 23.34 0.04 25.71 0.11 27.41
1.0 58.65 -0.84 56.53 -0.66 56.50 -0.55 57.00 -0.46 58.09
2.0 83.08 -1.43 78.72 -1.20 76.83 -1.08 76.09 -0.98 76.08
3.0 94.49 -1.95 89.47 -1.68 87.09 -1.54 84.71 -1.43 84.43
4.0 96.61 -2.35 93.45 -2.08 91.04 -1.93 89.38 -1.80 88.66
5.0 93.94 -2.69 91.86 -2.42 90.55 -2.27 89.28 -2.12 88.16
6.0 91.22 -3.00 92.05 -2.72 88.87 -2.55 87.42 -2.41 86.89
7.0 87.74 -3.26 88.19 -2.98 87.15 -2.81 86.21 -2.67 85.02
8.0 80.93 -3.47 82.61 -3.21 82.99 -3.04 82.04 -2.90 81.33
9.0 75.98 -3.63 78.62 -3.40 79.73 -3.24 79.36 -3.09 79.97
4227S
21psi
CF SAT CF SAT CF SAT CF
75kg 75kg 75kg 75kg
2.0° 2.5° 3.0° 3.5°
1.50 -7.40 1.58 -6.67 1.63 -5.96 1.67
1.45 -4.10 1.51 -3.27 1.58 -3.12 1.64
1.39 -0.01 1.45 -0.40 1.53 0.79 1.59
1.34 1.05 1.40 1.29 1.46 1.80 1.52
1.24 0.01 1.30 0.64 1.37 1.82 1.42
1.13 2.99 1.19 3.76 1.25 5.23 1.31
0.99 2.00 1.05 3.28 1.12 3.41 1.17
0.80 4.98 0.87 5.94 0.94 7.14 1.00
0.56 9.90 0.63 10.87 0.70 11.81 0.76
0.26 18.72 0.33 20.01 0.41 20.38 0.48
-0.01 27.66 0.06 27.68 0.14 27.55 0.21
-0.23 30.10 -0.15 31.21 -0.06 31.61 0.01
-0.38 30.73 -0.30 31.62 -0.22 31.56 -0.14
-0.50 33.78 -0.43 33.55 -0.34 33.22 -0.26
-0.59 34.47 -0.51 35.79 -0.44 35.35 -0.35
-0.67 34.61 -0.59 35.50 -0.51 35.14 -0.43
-0.74 37.20 -0.65 37.86 -0.57 37.72 -0.50
-0.78 37.18 -0.71 37.67 -0.61 37.74 -0.54
-0.81 39.17 -0.73 39.66 -0.63 39.58 -0.54
150kg 150kg 150kg 150kg
2.0° 2.5° 3.0° 3.5°
2.50 -24.98 2.54 -22.36 2.59 -21.74 2.65
2.42 -23.70 2.48 -21.97 2.53 -21.14 2.58
2.29 -20.18 2.34 -18.87 2.40 -17.55 2.45
2.10 -19.23 2.17 -17.65 2.23 -15.48 2.28
1.91 -18.00 1.97 -17.12 2.03 -14.92 2.09
1.69 -14.49 1.75 -12.33 1.82 -11.72 1.87
1.43 -13.93 1.49 -11.11 1.55 -9.62 1.62
1.10 -5.69 1.17 -3.91 1.24 -1.55 1.31
0.69 5.94 0.76 6.84 0.84 9.17 0.91
0.22 25.39 0.29 25.63 0.37 26.27 0.44
-0.23 41.38 -0.16 42.64 -0.08 42.82 0.00
-0.60 49.86 -0.52 50.57 -0.43 50.96 -0.35
-0.88 51.53 -0.79 52.86 -0.70 52.99 -0.61
-1.09 53.42 -1.01 54.12 -0.92 54.36 -0.84
-1.27 53.99 -1.20 54.71 -1.11 55.04 -1.02
-1.44 53.18 -1.35 53.92 -1.25 53.80 -1.18
-1.57 53.13 -1.48 53.53 -1.39 52.92 -1.29
-1.65 49.74 -1.55 50.51 -1.46 50.28 -1.36
 -1.73 50.49 -1.64 50.73 -1.53 51.00 -1.44
225kg 225kg 225kg 225kg
2.0° 2.5° 3.0° 3.5°
3.08 -40.94 3.11 -37.83 3.15 -37.42 3.18
2.90 -40.53 2.93 -38.34 2.99 -37.42 3.03
2.71 -38.12 2.75 -36.27 2.81 -34.41 2.85
2.48 -36.10 2.53 -34.12 2.59 -32.60 2.64
2.24 -35.04 2.29 -32.99 2.34 -31.01 2.40
1.97 -30.23 2.02 -26.26 2.07 -24.37 2.13
1.63 -26.86 1.69 -23.62 1.75 -22.18 1.81
1.23 -15.44 1.30 -13.13 1.37 -10.62 1.44
0.75 2.54 0.83 4.06 0.90 5.42 0.98
0.20 26.40 0.28 29.71 0.36 29.44 0.43
-0.32 49.02 -0.23 50.59 -0.15 51.16 -0.07
-0.75 62.16 -0.67 64.16 -0.58 64.19 -0.50
-1.11 66.76 -1.02 67.41 -0.93 67.07 -0.85
-1.41 68.86 -1.31 69.25 -1.22 68.92 -1.12
-1.64 69.47 -1.55 69.56 -1.45 69.12 -1.35
-1.85 67.93 -1.75 67.78 -1.65 67.14 -1.54
-2.03 66.21 -1.91 66.39 -1.81 65.59 -1.70
-2.18 63.16 -2.06 62.69 -1.94 61.86 -1.83
-2.33 62.75 -2.20 62.51 -2.08 61.69 -1.97
300kg 300kg 300kg 300kg
2.0° 2.5° 3.0° 3.5°
3.69 -60.28 3.71 -58.61 3.72 -58.20 3.75
3.44 -60.83 3.46 -58.95 3.49 -57.07 3.52
3.17 -56.76 3.20 -53.89 3.23 -52.66 3.26
2.88 -52.95 2.92 -51.89 2.95 -49.40 2.99
2.57 -50.53 2.61 -48.12 2.65 -45.90 2.69
2.22 -46.21 2.27 -43.36 2.32 -40.27 2.37
1.81 -38.89 1.87 -36.31 1.93 -33.55 1.99
1.35 -24.27 1.42 -21.36 1.48 -19.12 1.55
0.81 -2.17 0.88 0.86 0.95 1.94 1.02
0.20 29.00 0.28 30.24 0.35 33.59 0.43
-0.38 58.63 -0.29 59.17 -0.21 59.58 -0.14
-0.88 76.26 -0.79 76.96 -0.71 77.17 -0.62
-1.32 82.74 -1.22 82.81 -1.13 82.81 -1.05
-1.70 86.70 -1.59 86.54 -1.50 86.58 -1.40
-2.01 87.97 -1.90 87.59 -1.80 86.46 -1.70
-2.29 85.52 -2.17 85.53 -2.07 85.08 -1.96
-2.54 84.19 -2.41 84.22 -2.31 83.79 -2.19
-2.77 80.77 -2.64 80.29 -2.52 79.46 -2.40
-2.96 79.02 -2.82 78.51 -2.69 77.94 -2.57
 Project: RC1028STB Size: 6.2/20.0-13 Camber: 0°
Spec: 14227S Tyre: FSAE Pressure: 21psi
Tested: 22/11/2013 Rim: 6.0J x 13" Speed: 20kph
Self A ligning Torque (N m) .

120.00

100.00 75kg
150kg
80.00 225kg
60.00 300kg

40.00

20.00

0.00
-9 -8 -7 -6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
-20.00

-40.00

-60.00

-80.00

-100.00 Slip Angle (deg)

Cornering Force (kN) .

5.00
75kg
4.00 150kg
225kg
3.00 300kg

2.00

1.00

0.00
-9 -8 -7 -6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
-1.00

-2.00

-3.00

-4.00

-5.00 Slip Angle (deg)

 Project: RC1028STB Size: 6.2/20.0-13 Camber: 0.5°
Spec: 14227S Tyre: FSAE Pressure: 21psi
Tested: 22/11/2013 Rim: 6.0J x 13" Speed: 20kph
Self A ligning Torque (N m)

120.00
75kg
100.00
150kg
225kg
80.00
300kg
60.00

40.00

20.00

0.00
-9 -8 -7 -6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
-20.00

-40.00

-60.00

-80.00 Slip Angle (deg)

Cornering Force (kN) .

5.00

75kg
4.00
150kg
225kg
3.00
300kg

2.00

1.00

0.00
-9 -8 -7 -6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
-1.00

-2.00

-3.00

-4.00 Slip Angle (deg)

 Project: RC1028STB Size: 6.2/20.0-13 Camber: 1.0°
Spec: 14227S Tyre: FSAE Pressure: 21psi
Tested: 22/11/2013 Rim: 6.0J x 13" Speed: 20kph
Self A ligning Torque (N m) .

100.00
75kg
80.00 150kg
225kg
60.00 300kg

40.00

20.00

0.00
-9 -8 -7 -6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
-20.00

-40.00

-60.00

-80.00 Slip Angle (deg)

Cornering Force (kN ) .

4.00

75kg
3.00 150kg
225kg
2.00 300kg

1.00

0.00
-9 -8 -7 -6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

-1.00

-2.00

-3.00 Slip Angle (deg)

 Project: RC1028STB Size: 6.2/20.0-13 Camber: 1.5°
Spec: 14227S Tyre: FSAE Pressure: 21psi
Tested: 22/11/2013 Rim: 6.0J x 13" Speed: 20kph
Self A ligning Torque (N m) .

100.00
75kg
80.00
150kg
225kg
60.00
300kg
40.00

20.00

0.00
-9 -8 -7 -6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
-20.00

-40.00

-60.00

-80.00 Slip Angle (deg)

Cornering Force (kN) .

5.00

4.00 75kg
150kg
3.00 225kg
300kg

2.00

1.00

0.00
-9 -8 -7 -6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
-1.00

-2.00

-3.00

-4.00 Slip Angle (deg)

 Project: RC1028STB Size: 6.2/20.0-13 Camber: 2.0°
Spec: 14227S Tyre: FSAE Pressure: 21psi
Tested: 22/11/2013 Rim: 6.0J x 13" Speed: 20kph
Self A ligning Torque (N m) .

100.00
75kg
80.00 150kg
225kg
60.00 300kg

40.00

20.00

0.00
-9 -8 -7 -6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
-20.00

-40.00

-60.00

-80.00 Slip Angle (deg)

Cornering Force (kN) .

5.00
75kg
4.00 150kg
225kg
300kg
3.00

2.00

1.00

0.00
-9 -8 -7 -6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
-1.00

-2.00

-3.00

-4.00 Slip Angle (deg)

 Project: RC1028STB Size: 6.2/20.0-13 Camber: 2.5°
Spec: 14227S Tyre: FSAE Pressure: 21psi
Tested: 22/11/2013 Rim: 6.0J x 13" Speed: 20kph
Self A ligning Torque (N m) .

100.00
75kg
80.00 150kg
225kg
60.00 300kg

40.00

20.00

0.00
-9 -8 -7 -6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
-20.00

-40.00

-60.00

-80.00 Slip Angle (deg)

Cornering Force (kN) .

5.00
75kg
4.00 150kg
225kg
300kg
3.00

2.00

1.00

0.00
-9 -8 -7 -6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
-1.00

-2.00

-3.00

-4.00 Slip Angle (deg)

 Project: RC1028STB Size: 6.2/20.0-13 Camber: 3.0°
Spec: 14227S Tyre: FSAE Pressure: 21psi
Tested: 22/11/2013 Rim: 6.0J x 13" Speed: 20kph
Self A ligning Torque (N m) .

100.00

75kg
80.00
150kg
225kg
60.00
300kg

40.00

20.00

0.00
-9 -8 -7 -6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
-20.00

-40.00

-60.00

-80.00 Slip Angle (deg)

Cornering Force (kN) .

5.00
75kg
4.00 150kg
225kg
300kg
3.00

2.00

1.00

0.00
-9 -8 -7 -6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
-1.00

-2.00

-3.00

-4.00 Slip Angle (deg)

 Project: RC1028STB Size: 6.2/20.0-13 Camber: 3.5°
Spec: 14227S Tyre: FSAE Pressure: 21psi
Tested: 22/11/2013 Rim: 6.0J x 13" Speed: 20kph
Self A ligning Torque (N m) .

100.00
75kg
80.00 150kg
225kg
60.00 300kg

40.00

20.00

0.00
-9 -8 -7 -6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
-20.00

-40.00

-60.00

-80.00 Slip Angle (deg)

Cornering Force (kN) .

5.00
75kg
150kg
4.00 225kg
300kg
3.00

2.00

1.00

0.00
-9 -8 -7 -6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
-1.00

-2.00

-3.00 Slip Angle (deg)

 Spec 14254S
Pressure 21psi
Angle SAT CF SAT CF SAT CF SAT CF SAT
LOAD 75kg 75kg 75kg 75kg 75kg
CAMBER 0° 0.5° 1.0° 1.5° 2.0°
-9.0 -12.94 1.23 -12.49 1.33 -11.72 1.41 -10.13 1.49 -8.17
-8.0 -10.29 1.18 -10.74 1.27 -9.33 1.35 -8.95 1.43 -7.10
-7.0 -7.33 1.11 -6.62 1.20 -6.03 1.28 -5.15 1.36 -2.90
-6.0 -6.09 1.05 -6.44 1.12 -5.89 1.21 -3.85 1.27 -2.68
-5.0 -5.02 0.97 -5.44 1.04 -4.79 1.12 -2.35 1.18 -1.57
-4.0 -3.01 0.87 -2.98 0.93 -1.76 0.99 0.13 1.08 0.86
-3.0 -3.76 0.75 -3.29 0.80 -2.77 0.87 -0.92 0.94 0.52
-2.0 1.19 0.57 1.43 0.61 2.88 0.68 3.77 0.76 5.65
-1.0 6.80 0.33 7.65 0.36 8.82 0.43 10.43 0.49 11.51
0.0 14.08 0.04 15.75 0.06 19.42 0.13 21.69 0.19 20.48
1.0 23.99 -0.23 25.23 -0.21 26.13 -0.15 27.89 -0.08 28.86
2.0 29.75 -0.45 30.64 -0.43 31.44 -0.36 32.92 -0.30 34.03
3.0 31.51 -0.61 32.67 -0.60 33.73 -0.54 34.44 -0.46 35.09
4.0 33.40 -0.74 34.35 -0.72 35.00 -0.66 35.68 -0.59 37.01
5.0 36.57 -0.83 37.32 -0.82 37.59 -0.76 38.67 -0.69 39.16
6.0 36.92 -0.91 37.79 -0.89 38.25 -0.84 38.71 -0.77 39.61
7.0 39.02 -0.97 39.84 -0.96 40.47 -0.91 40.40 -0.83 41.26
8.0 39.42 -1.03 40.33 -1.03 39.81 -0.97 41.01 -0.89 41.32
9.0 42.30 -1.09 43.09 -1.08 43.14 -1.02 43.62 -0.94 43.69
LOAD 150kg 150kg 150kg 150kg 150kg
CAMBER 0° 0.5° 1.0° 1.5° 2.0°
-9.0 -20.58 2.33 -19.77 2.35 -19.17 2.39 -18.15 2.44 -18.95
-8.0 -22.06 2.21 -21.52 2.24 -21.44 2.28 -21.60 2.33 -20.30
-7.0 -20.13 2.08 -20.17 2.10 -19.34 2.15 -18.69 2.19 -16.85
-6.0 -21.67 1.94 -20.31 1.96 -20.14 2.00 -18.82 2.05 -16.97
-5.0 -22.03 1.77 -21.04 1.80 -19.58 1.84 -17.29 1.88 -15.66
-4.0 -22.01 1.56 -20.40 1.58 -17.38 1.64 -15.34 1.68 -13.33
-3.0 -21.79 1.30 -18.68 1.34 -17.25 1.39 -13.98 1.44 -11.85
-2.0 -12.75 0.95 -10.22 0.99 -7.63 1.05 -5.29 1.12 -1.83
-1.0 -0.81 0.47 2.94 0.54 5.75 0.61 7.93 0.67 10.44
0.0 21.67 -0.10 22.91 -0.01 24.83 0.07 27.24 0.16 29.43
1.0 40.52 -0.63 41.92 -0.52 43.77 -0.42 45.07 -0.33 46.32
2.0 52.17 -1.05 53.18 -0.92 54.62 -0.82 55.30 -0.73 56.53
3.0 55.14 -1.35 56.00 -1.22 57.17 -1.12 58.49 -1.02 58.80
4.0 57.19 -1.60 57.83 -1.46 58.88 -1.34 59.61 -1.25 61.20
5.0 57.44 -1.77 59.29 -1.63 60.33 -1.53 60.70 -1.43 61.58
6.0 55.77 -1.92 57.68 -1.78 58.80 -1.68 56.69 -1.58 60.68
7.0 55.66 -2.04 57.45 -1.92 58.62 -1.81 59.49 -1.72 60.72
8.0 53.54 -2.16 55.92 -2.04 57.38 -1.93 57.43 -1.83 58.50
 9.0 54.71 -2.26 56.93 -2.13 57.75 -2.02 58.83 -1.93 59.79
LOAD 225kg 225kg 225kg 225kg 225kg
CAMBER 0° 0.5° 1.0° 1.5° 2.0°
-9.0 -40.76 2.76 -40.37 2.80 -39.06 2.86 -36.75 2.92 -35.88
-8.0 -40.82 2.60 -41.13 2.63 -39.83 2.69 -38.14 2.76 -37.86
-7.0 -38.80 2.41 -38.82 2.44 -36.16 2.51 -35.62 2.58 -34.10
-6.0 -39.59 2.21 -38.20 2.25 -37.71 2.31 -35.09 2.37 -33.41
-5.0 -39.72 1.99 -37.92 2.02 -35.66 2.09 -34.00 2.15 -32.06
-4.0 -38.01 1.72 -35.50 1.76 -32.94 1.83 -30.29 1.89 -28.37
-3.0 -35.80 1.39 -32.69 1.44 -30.01 1.51 -27.27 1.58 -25.56
-2.0 -24.41 1.00 -22.36 1.05 -19.60 1.13 -16.35 1.20 -13.84
-1.0 -6.77 0.53 -4.20 0.56 -1.63 0.64 1.69 0.72 3.81
0.0 17.98 -0.05 19.92 -0.01 22.96 0.06 25.98 0.15 27.90
1.0 44.06 -0.61 45.74 -0.55 48.39 -0.46 49.39 -0.38 51.63
2.0 57.37 -1.05 59.48 -1.01 61.30 -0.91 63.43 -0.83 64.80
3.0 62.68 -1.40 64.79 -1.36 66.44 -1.26 68.30 -1.18 69.53
4.0 65.67 -1.69 67.70 -1.65 68.74 -1.55 70.62 -1.47 71.35
5.0 66.69 -1.93 68.77 -1.88 70.45 -1.79 72.10 -1.71 73.03
6.0 65.71 -2.13 66.67 -2.09 70.03 -1.99 70.41 -1.91 71.30
7.0 65.14 -2.31 66.74 -2.26 68.52 -2.17 69.84 -2.08 70.34
8.0 63.89 -2.47 65.52 -2.42 66.72 -2.33 67.48 -2.24 68.61
9.0 63.91 -2.63 65.25 -2.57 66.67 -2.47 67.59 -2.39 68.25
LOAD 300kg 300kg 300kg 300kg 300kg
CAMBER 0° 0.5° 1.0° 1.5° 2.0°
-9.0 -54.38 3.69 -55.33 3.53 -53.61 3.49 -50.24 3.49 -48.02
-8.0 -57.48 3.46 -56.49 3.30 -55.26 3.26 -50.50 3.26 -47.71
-7.0 -58.12 3.18 -54.90 3.04 -51.44 3.01 -47.09 3.01 -46.01
-6.0 -58.55 2.89 -53.32 2.75 -49.65 2.74 -46.50 2.74 -43.88
-5.0 -61.19 2.57 -55.39 2.47 -50.79 2.45 -47.05 2.46 -43.93
-4.0 -62.15 2.20 -53.49 2.12 -47.77 2.12 -42.87 2.14 -39.28
-3.0 -55.50 1.74 -47.15 1.70 -41.86 1.71 -38.32 1.75 -34.44
-2.0 -39.35 1.20 -32.75 1.20 -28.00 1.24 -24.73 1.30 -20.95
-1.0 -14.58 0.56 -9.30 0.61 -5.30 0.69 -2.48 0.76 0.64
0.0 23.52 -0.18 25.30 -0.05 26.50 0.04 29.17 0.12 31.10
1.0 57.53 -0.87 57.70 -0.68 58.20 -0.57 59.31 -0.48 60.57
2.0 78.79 -1.45 75.35 -1.21 74.57 -1.08 74.61 -0.99 75.91
3.0 88.04 -1.94 85.04 -1.68 83.22 -1.51 82.74 -1.40 82.46
4.0 88.98 -2.32 87.85 -2.04 86.59 -1.87 86.58 -1.75 86.47
5.0 86.66 -2.63 85.70 -2.35 85.71 -2.17 86.15 -2.05 86.29
6.0 82.51 -2.90 84.72 -2.62 84.43 -2.44 84.74 -2.30 85.08
7.0 82.78 -3.14 83.41 -2.86 83.47 -2.67 83.15 -2.54 83.02
8.0 79.37 -3.35 81.37 -3.09 81.42 -2.90 81.49 -2.74 81.08
9.0 76.47 -3.53 78.87 -3.28 80.12 -3.08 81.03 -2.93 80.99
4254S
21psi
CF SAT CF SAT CF SAT CF
75kg 75kg 75kg 75kg
2.0° 2.5° 3.0° 3.5°
1.56 -6.86 1.63 -6.58 1.69 -6.39 1.74
1.49 -6.31 1.56 -4.78 1.61 -4.92 1.67
1.41 -2.80 1.48 -1.37 1.54 -1.48 1.59
1.34 -1.60 1.40 -0.23 1.45 0.11 1.51
1.25 -0.16 1.31 0.54 1.37 0.37 1.42
1.14 2.53 1.21 3.64 1.27 4.20 1.32
1.01 2.00 1.07 3.30 1.13 3.48 1.19
0.83 7.41 0.89 8.00 0.95 8.13 1.01
0.57 12.84 0.64 13.39 0.70 13.38 0.77
0.27 21.43 0.34 21.71 0.41 21.61 0.48
-0.01 28.92 0.07 29.31 0.15 29.44 0.23
-0.23 34.44 -0.14 34.83 -0.06 33.73 0.02
-0.39 35.33 -0.30 35.17 -0.21 34.77 -0.12
-0.51 36.78 -0.43 37.09 -0.33 36.61 -0.24
-0.61 39.38 -0.52 39.80 -0.43 38.86 -0.34
-0.68 39.46 -0.60 39.70 -0.51 39.53 -0.42
-0.75 41.27 -0.66 41.21 -0.56 41.21 -0.48
-0.80 40.97 -0.72 41.34 -0.62 41.13 -0.53
-0.86 43.97 -0.77 44.09 -0.68 43.66 -0.59
150kg 150kg 150kg 150kg
2.0° 2.5° 3.0° 3.5°
2.48 -18.32 2.52 -16.64 2.57 -17.29 2.61
2.37 -18.48 2.41 -17.80 2.45 -16.69 2.49
2.23 -16.30 2.28 -14.17 2.32 -13.96 2.36
2.09 -15.47 2.13 -14.42 2.17 -12.30 2.22
1.93 -14.42 1.97 -12.77 2.01 -10.36 2.06
1.73 -10.71 1.78 -7.59 1.83 -6.75 1.87
1.49 -9.15 1.54 -5.33 1.59 -3.30 1.65
1.18 0.03 1.24 2.76 1.29 4.82 1.35
0.75 12.41 0.82 15.27 0.88 17.59 0.94
0.23 33.33 0.31 33.42 0.39 34.14 0.46
-0.24 47.60 -0.15 48.67 -0.07 49.10 0.01
-0.63 57.49 -0.54 58.69 -0.45 58.68 -0.36
-0.92 59.61 -0.83 60.46 -0.74 60.69 -0.64
-1.16 61.39 -1.06 62.29 -0.96 62.31 -0.87
-1.33 63.39 -1.24 62.77 -1.14 63.40 -1.05
-1.48 61.48 -1.39 61.76 -1.29 61.88 -1.19
-1.61 61.31 -1.52 61.83 -1.43 62.59 -1.34
-1.74 59.56 -1.64 59.99 -1.54 60.66 -1.45
 -1.83 60.65 -1.74 61.35 -1.64 62.04 -1.55
225kg 225kg 225kg 225kg
2.0° 2.5° 3.0° 3.5°
2.98 -36.15 3.03 -34.70 3.09 -32.11 3.14
2.81 -36.83 2.87 -34.78 2.93 -33.30 2.98
2.63 -32.70 2.69 -30.99 2.75 -29.84 2.80
2.44 -31.37 2.49 -29.43 2.55 -27.53 2.61
2.21 -29.84 2.28 -27.99 2.33 -25.63 2.38
1.94 -25.75 2.02 -23.81 2.08 -21.57 2.13
1.65 -22.78 1.71 -19.38 1.76 -16.84 1.83
1.27 -11.46 1.34 -8.66 1.41 -5.84 1.48
0.79 7.06 0.87 9.02 0.94 11.25 1.01
0.23 30.66 0.31 34.78 0.39 34.87 0.47
-0.30 53.29 -0.22 55.05 -0.13 55.86 -0.05
-0.74 65.98 -0.67 67.60 -0.57 68.60 -0.48
-1.10 70.87 -1.01 72.53 -0.92 72.50 -0.83
-1.38 73.01 -1.30 74.29 -1.21 74.20 -1.12
-1.62 73.84 -1.53 74.68 -1.45 75.17 -1.36
-1.82 72.31 -1.74 73.06 -1.65 73.93 -1.56
-1.99 72.26 -1.92 72.35 -1.82 72.89 -1.73
-2.16 69.51 -2.06 69.82 -1.97 70.33 -1.88
-2.29 69.46 -2.20 69.56 -2.11 70.55 -2.02
300kg 300kg 300kg 300kg
2.0° 2.5° 3.0° 3.5°
3.50 -45.36 3.52 -44.60 3.55 -42.29 3.58
3.27 -46.76 3.29 -45.13 3.32 -40.93 3.36
3.02 -43.59 3.06 -41.14 3.10 -38.86 3.13
2.78 -41.48 2.81 -38.92 2.85 -36.32 2.89
2.50 -40.59 2.54 -38.46 2.58 -35.48 2.62
2.18 -37.27 2.22 -33.75 2.27 -30.36 2.32
1.80 -30.37 1.85 -27.15 1.91 -24.04 1.96
1.36 -17.76 1.42 -14.59 1.49 -11.63 1.55
0.83 3.33 0.90 6.13 0.97 9.87 1.04
0.20 33.08 0.27 35.72 0.35 39.43 0.43
-0.39 61.64 -0.31 63.15 -0.22 64.40 -0.14
-0.89 76.64 -0.80 77.96 -0.71 79.02 -0.62
-1.29 83.04 -1.20 84.12 -1.10 85.53 -1.02
-1.64 86.69 -1.54 87.59 -1.44 88.00 -1.35
-1.94 87.67 -1.84 88.47 -1.73 89.16 -1.64
-2.20 85.55 -2.08 86.63 -1.98 87.04 -1.88
-2.41 84.06 -2.31 84.30 -2.18 85.19 -2.09
-2.61 81.91 -2.50 81.95 -2.39 82.56 -2.29
-2.80 81.42 -2.68 81.73 -2.57 82.46 -2.46
 Project: RC1028STB Size: 7.2/20.0-13 Camber: 0°
Spec: 14254S Tyre: FSAE Pressure: 21psi
Tested: 21/11/2013 Rim: 7.0J x 13" Speed: 20kph
Self A lignin g Torq u e (N m ) .

100.00

80.00 75kg
150kg
60.00 225kg
300kg
40.00

20.00

0.00
-9 -8 -7 -6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
-20.00

-40.00

-60.00

-80.00 Slip Angle (deg)

Cornering Force (kN ) .

5.00
75kg
4.00 150kg
225kg
3.00 300kg

2.00

1.00

0.00
-9 -8 -7 -6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
-1.00

-2.00

-3.00

-4.00 Slip Angle (deg)

 Project: RC1028STB Size: 7.2/20.0-13 Camber: 0.5°
Spec: 14254S Tyre: FSAE Pressure: 21psi
Tested: 21/11/2013 Rim: 7.0J x 13" Speed: 20kph
Self A ligning Torque (N m)

100.00
75kg
80.00
150kg
225kg
60.00
300kg
40.00

20.00

0.00
-9 -8 -7 -6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
-20.00

-40.00

-60.00

-80.00 Slip Angle (deg)

Cornering Force (kN ) .

4.00

75kg
3.00
150kg
225kg
2.00 300kg

1.00

0.00
-9 -8 -7 -6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
-1.00

-2.00

-3.00

-4.00 Slip Angle (deg)

 Project: RC1028STB Size: 7.2/20.0-13 Camber: 1.0°
Spec: 14254S Tyre: FSAE Pressure: 21psi
Tested: 21/11/2013 Rim: 7.0J x 13" Speed: 20kph
Self A lignin g Torq u e (N m ) .

100.00
75kg
80.00
150kg
225kg
60.00
300kg
40.00

20.00

0.00
-9 -8 -7 -6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
-20.00

-40.00

-60.00

-80.00 Slip Angle (deg)

Cornering Force (kN ) .

4.00

75kg
3.00 150kg
225kg
2.00 300kg

1.00

0.00
-9 -8 -7 -6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

-1.00

-2.00

-3.00 Slip Angle (deg)

 Project: RC1028STB Size: 7.2/20.0-13 Camber: 1.5°
Spec: 14254S Tyre: FSAE Pressure: 21psi
Tested: 21/11/2013 Rim: 7.0J x 13" Speed: 20kph
Self A lignin g Torq u e (N m ) .

100.00
75kg
80.00
150kg
225kg
60.00
300kg

40.00

20.00

0.00
-9 -8 -7 -6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
-20.00

-40.00

-60.00 Slip Angle (deg)

Cornering Force (kN ) .

4.00

3.00 75kg
150kg
225kg
2.00
300kg

1.00

0.00
-9 -8 -7 -6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
-1.00

-2.00

-3.00

-4.00 Slip Angle (deg)

 Project: RC1028STB Size: 7.2/20.0-13 Camber: 2.0°
Spec: 14254S Tyre: FSAE Pressure: 21psi
Tested: 21/11/2013 Rim: 7.0J x 13" Speed: 20kph
Self A lignin g Torq u e (N m ) .

100.00
75kg
80.00 150kg
225kg
60.00 300kg

40.00

20.00

0.00
-9 -8 -7 -6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
-20.00

-40.00

-60.00 Slip Angle (deg)

Cornering Force (kN ) .

4.00
75kg
150kg
3.00
225kg
300kg
2.00

1.00

0.00
-9 -8 -7 -6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
-1.00

-2.00

-3.00

-4.00 Slip Angle (deg)

 Project: RC1028STB Size: 7.2/20.0-13 Camber: 2.5°
Spec: 14254S Tyre: FSAE Pressure: 21psi
Tested: 21/11/2013 Rim: 7.0J x 13" Speed: 20kph
Self A lignin g Torq u e (N m ) .

100.00
75kg
80.00 150kg
225kg
60.00 300kg

40.00

20.00

0.00
-9 -8 -7 -6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
-20.00

-40.00

-60.00 Slip Angle (deg)

Cornering Force (kN ) .

4.00
75kg
150kg
3.00 225kg
300kg
2.00

1.00

0.00
-9 -8 -7 -6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

-1.00

-2.00

-3.00 Slip Angle (deg)

 Project: RC1028STB Size: 7.2/20.0-13 Camber: 3.0°
Spec: 14254S Tyre: FSAE Pressure: 21psi
Tested: 21/11/2013 Rim: 7.0J x 13" Speed: 20kph
Self A lignin g Torq u e (N m ) .

100.00

Column N
80.00
150kg
225kg
60.00 300kg

40.00

20.00

0.00
-9 -8 -7 -6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
-20.00

-40.00

-60.00 Slip Angle (deg)

Cornering Force (kN ) .

4.00
75kg
150kg
3.00 225kg
300kg
2.00

1.00

0.00
-9 -8 -7 -6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

-1.00

-2.00

-3.00 Slip Angle (deg)

 Project: RC1028STB Size: 7.2/20.0-13 Camber: 3.5°
Spec: 14254S Tyre: FSAE Pressure: 21psi
Tested: 21/11/2013 Rim: 7.0J x 13" Speed: 20kph
Self A lignin g Torq u e (N m ) .

100.00
75kg
80.00 150kg
225kg
60.00 300kg

40.00

20.00

0.00
-9 -8 -7 -6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
-20.00

-40.00

-60.00 Slip Angle (deg)

Cornering Force (kN ) .

4.00
75kg
150kg
3.00 225kg
300kg
2.00

1.00

0.00
-9 -8 -7 -6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

-1.00

-2.00

-3.00 Slip Angle (deg)

 Spec 14140S
Pressure 21psi
Angle SAT CF SAT CF SAT CF SAT CF SAT
LOAD 75kg 75kg 75kg 75kg 75kg
CAMBER 0° 0.5° 1.0° 1.5° 2.0°
-9.0 -13.79 1.37 -11.96 1.55 -11.89 1.66 -10.38 1.77 -9.64
-8.0 -12.90 1.30 -12.58 1.47 -9.37 1.59 -8.77 1.69 -7.14
-7.0 -10.02 1.23 -9.90 1.38 -8.35 1.49 -6.81 1.59 -5.66
-6.0 -8.58 1.15 -8.26 1.29 -6.78 1.40 -5.34 1.49 -3.54
-5.0 -7.27 1.05 -7.99 1.18 -5.99 1.27 -5.25 1.37 -3.29
-4.0 -6.46 0.93 -5.09 1.04 -4.04 1.14 -2.60 1.23 -1.61
-3.0 -6.29 0.79 -5.98 0.89 -4.23 0.98 -3.18 1.06 -0.89
-2.0 -2.58 0.61 -1.14 0.69 -0.08 0.78 1.87 0.86 3.57
-1.0 2.88 0.34 4.44 0.39 7.29 0.47 8.92 0.55 11.45
0.0 11.38 -0.03 14.16 0.04 17.17 0.12 21.12 0.19 20.83
1.0 23.00 -0.32 24.18 -0.28 26.27 -0.20 28.21 -0.12 30.37
2.0 26.81 -0.57 28.75 -0.51 30.20 -0.45 31.96 -0.37 32.97
3.0 28.25 -0.76 29.44 -0.70 30.72 -0.63 32.14 -0.56 33.49
4.0 30.12 -0.90 31.21 -0.84 31.75 -0.77 32.97 -0.69 33.75
5.0 32.40 -1.02 32.99 -0.96 33.51 -0.88 34.60 -0.80 36.02
6.0 33.21 -1.11 32.95 -1.06 34.33 -0.97 34.64 -0.88 35.56
7.0 35.00 -1.18 35.01 -1.13 35.77 -1.04 36.74 -0.96 37.59
8.0 35.13 -1.26 35.40 -1.20 35.68 -1.11 36.34 -1.03 36.82
9.0 37.39 -1.31 38.00 -1.27 38.34 -1.17 38.48 -1.09 39.56
LOAD 150kg 150kg 150kg 150kg 150kg
CAMBER 0° 0.5° 1.0° 1.5° 2.0°
-9.0 -31.60 2.58 -32.52 2.69 -30.69 2.78 -29.39 2.85 -27.63
-8.0 -33.62 2.45 -33.76 2.55 -31.98 2.63 -29.50 2.72 -27.63
-7.0 -32.53 2.27 -31.73 2.40 -30.24 2.49 -27.49 2.55 -25.40
-6.0 -32.57 2.13 -31.93 2.22 -30.29 2.31 -28.75 2.38 -25.20
-5.0 -33.11 1.94 -31.52 2.03 -29.09 2.11 -26.00 2.17 -24.00
-4.0 -30.30 1.71 -28.59 1.78 -25.92 1.87 -22.36 1.94 -19.54
-3.0 -29.50 1.42 -26.89 1.49 -23.94 1.58 -19.74 1.66 -16.12
-2.0 -21.00 1.05 -17.87 1.14 -14.33 1.22 -10.44 1.30 -6.88
-1.0 -6.88 0.55 -2.56 0.63 1.14 0.72 5.38 0.81 8.82
0.0 16.66 -0.07 20.93 0.02 24.48 0.12 27.84 0.21 31.45
1.0 39.50 -0.64 42.15 -0.55 46.15 -0.46 49.50 -0.36 52.25
2.0 49.76 -1.10 52.78 -1.04 56.05 -0.92 58.92 -0.82 61.55
3.0 54.79 -1.45 57.69 -1.37 60.60 -1.27 62.92 -1.17 65.50
4.0 55.60 -1.72 58.45 -1.64 60.64 -1.54 62.54 -1.45 64.71
5.0 55.76 -1.93 58.26 -1.84 60.04 -1.76 61.99 -1.66 64.16
6.0 54.90 -2.11 56.90 -2.02 59.33 -1.93 60.41 -1.83 62.21
7.0 54.69 -2.26 56.77 -2.18 58.56 -2.09 59.73 -1.99 61.45
8.0 53.28 -2.39 55.17 -2.31 56.86 -2.22 57.80 -2.11 59.39
 9.0 53.46 -2.52 55.50 -2.43 57.10 -2.33 58.62 -2.23 60.10
LOAD 225kg 225kg 225kg 225kg 225kg
CAMBER 0° 0.5° 1.0° 1.5° 2.0°
-9.0 -48.68 3.22 -47.65 3.30 -46.53 3.38 -44.89 3.45 -42.66
-8.0 -50.73 3.04 -48.53 3.11 -47.25 3.19 -45.19 3.25 -43.70
-7.0 -49.55 2.82 -48.49 2.89 -46.29 2.97 -44.00 3.04 -41.22
-6.0 -49.20 2.60 -47.46 2.67 -45.71 2.74 -43.67 2.81 -40.97
-5.0 -50.39 2.35 -48.05 2.43 -44.70 2.50 -42.12 2.56 -39.95
-4.0 -48.02 2.06 -45.12 2.13 -41.18 2.20 -37.80 2.27 -34.68
-3.0 -46.84 1.69 -42.37 1.75 -37.08 1.84 -34.02 1.92 -29.85
-2.0 -35.60 1.22 -30.48 1.31 -25.78 1.40 -21.13 1.48 -16.63
-1.0 -14.58 0.62 -9.35 0.72 -4.18 0.83 0.03 0.91 4.85
0.0 20.22 -0.11 24.73 0.00 28.54 0.11 32.15 0.21 36.01
1.0 50.75 -0.81 54.31 -0.69 57.53 -0.57 61.37 -0.46 64.19
2.0 66.69 -1.35 70.07 -1.23 73.27 -1.12 75.91 -1.01 78.99
3.0 73.23 -1.78 75.65 -1.65 78.49 -1.55 81.01 -1.44 83.01
4.0 74.02 -2.11 77.72 -1.99 79.71 -1.89 82.08 -1.78 84.46
5.0 73.20 -2.37 76.00 -2.27 78.52 -2.16 80.76 -2.05 82.50
6.0 70.93 -2.59 73.32 -2.49 76.03 -2.38 77.89 -2.28 79.52
7.0 69.02 -2.78 70.57 -2.68 73.17 -2.58 75.38 -2.48 77.40
8.0 67.30 -2.97 69.44 -2.86 71.42 -2.77 73.19 -2.66 74.53
9.0 66.20 -3.14 69.43 -3.04 70.37 -2.93 72.15 -2.82 73.99
LOAD 300kg 300kg 300kg 300kg 300kg
CAMBER 0° 0.5° 1.0° 1.5° 2.0°
-9.0 -66.49 4.34 -65.51 4.11 -64.66 4.10 -63.93 4.13 -60.73
-8.0 -71.08 4.09 -68.33 3.85 -65.56 3.84 -64.82 3.86 -61.63
-7.0 -71.90 3.79 -65.91 3.55 -63.64 3.55 -61.60 3.56 -58.98
-6.0 -72.23 3.47 -64.41 3.26 -60.38 3.25 -58.50 3.29 -55.89
-5.0 -76.40 3.13 -65.87 2.95 -62.30 2.95 -59.37 2.99 -55.23
-4.0 -74.34 2.74 -62.86 2.58 -58.94 2.60 -55.60 2.64 -50.03
-3.0 -70.77 2.20 -57.95 2.11 -52.81 2.14 -48.29 2.20 -43.04
-2.0 -50.67 1.53 -39.50 1.52 -34.87 1.58 -31.94 1.66 -26.86
-1.0 -17.91 0.74 -9.76 0.82 -6.29 0.91 -2.65 1.01 0.90
0.0 29.81 -0.21 32.00 -0.03 34.59 0.10 38.42 0.20 42.07
1.0 73.07 -1.10 71.11 -0.83 73.21 -0.68 76.03 -0.57 78.98
2.0 95.61 -1.84 92.49 -1.49 94.05 -1.33 95.54 -1.22 97.81
3.0 102.79 -2.41 100.99 -2.04 101.83 -1.87 104.00 -1.74 105.88
4.0 102.18 -2.82 101.57 -2.46 103.38 -2.29 105.61 -2.16 108.01
5.0 94.82 -3.13 95.77 -2.78 98.48 -2.62 101.17 -2.49 104.14
6.0 88.50 -3.38 91.50 -3.07 94.02 -2.89 96.56 -2.76 98.21
7.0 85.86 -3.63 88.89 -3.32 91.17 -3.15 93.33 -3.01 95.54
8.0 82.04 -3.85 86.50 -3.56 89.55 -3.41 91.30 -3.26 92.58
9.0 77.88 -4.03 83.78 -3.77 85.55 -3.60 88.33 -3.47 89.93
4140S
21psi
CF SAT CF SAT CF SAT CF
75kg 75kg 75kg 75kg
2.0° 2.5° 3.0° 3.5°
1.87 -8.17 1.95 -6.51 2.02 -6.41 2.08
1.78 -7.70 1.86 -6.58 1.93 -5.32 1.99
1.68 -4.79 1.76 -2.40 1.83 -1.70 1.90
1.57 -2.97 1.65 -2.06 1.72 -1.21 1.78
1.45 -1.83 1.52 -0.95 1.58 0.32 1.65
1.31 0.24 1.38 0.88 1.45 2.79 1.52
1.14 0.34 1.22 1.89 1.29 2.48 1.35
0.93 5.14 1.01 6.62 1.08 8.37 1.15
0.63 11.96 0.70 13.42 0.77 14.48 0.85
0.26 21.86 0.34 23.40 0.41 24.05 0.50
-0.05 31.25 0.03 32.79 0.10 33.23 0.18
-0.30 33.83 -0.22 34.82 -0.13 35.48 -0.05
-0.48 33.88 -0.40 35.12 -0.31 35.49 -0.22
-0.62 34.76 -0.53 34.98 -0.44 35.73 -0.36
-0.71 35.64 -0.64 36.54 -0.55 36.86 -0.46
-0.80 35.68 -0.71 36.45 -0.62 37.35 -0.54
-0.87 37.33 -0.79 38.01 -0.70 38.18 -0.62
-0.94 37.08 -0.86 37.87 -0.78 38.40 -0.67
-1.00 40.00 -0.91 40.76 -0.83 40.88 -0.74
150kg 150kg 150kg 150kg
2.0° 2.5° 3.0° 3.5°
2.91 -25.01 2.97 -23.63 3.03 -22.40 3.09
2.77 -25.24 2.84 -24.45 2.90 -23.15 2.95
2.61 -22.99 2.67 -21.80 2.73 -20.19 2.79
2.44 -23.49 2.49 -20.58 2.54 -18.47 2.60
2.24 -20.45 2.30 -18.92 2.35 -17.32 2.40
2.00 -17.11 2.07 -14.12 2.12 -11.50 2.17
1.73 -13.51 1.79 -10.58 1.85 -7.31 1.91
1.38 -4.01 1.45 -0.25 1.52 2.20 1.59
0.90 11.94 0.98 15.19 1.05 17.71 1.13
0.30 36.77 0.39 37.54 0.46 39.29 0.55
-0.26 54.29 -0.18 57.27 -0.07 58.21 0.02
-0.72 63.34 -0.62 64.90 -0.51 66.37 -0.42
-1.07 66.18 -0.97 67.80 -0.87 68.42 -0.76
-1.34 66.03 -1.24 66.94 -1.14 67.84 -1.03
-1.56 64.85 -1.46 65.37 -1.35 66.16 -1.24
-1.74 62.58 -1.62 63.86 -1.53 63.58 -1.42
-1.89 62.11 -1.77 62.95 -1.68 63.73 -1.56
-2.01 60.35 -1.90 60.81 -1.79 61.50 -1.69
 -2.11 60.46 -2.01 61.36 -1.91 61.31 -1.79
225kg 225kg 225kg 225kg
2.0° 2.5° 3.0° 3.5°
3.50 -0.29 1.50 -0.23 1.57 -36.36 3.63
3.31 1.05 1.43 2.46 1.50 -36.89 3.44
3.09 3.84 1.37 3.88 1.43 -34.69 3.23
2.88 5.20 1.31 5.79 1.38 -32.41 3.01
2.63 5.21 1.24 4.78 1.30 -29.58 2.77
2.34 7.23 1.14 6.91 1.20 -22.96 2.49
1.99 9.25 1.02 9.17 1.08 -17.04 2.17
1.56 13.43 0.85 13.99 0.92 -3.64 1.78
1.00 19.00 0.62 19.32 0.67 16.40 1.25
0.30 27.31 0.29 26.98 0.36 45.18 0.59
-0.36 32.30 0.00 32.64 0.07 71.18 -0.05
-0.90 35.03 -0.21 36.34 -0.13 83.80 -0.58
-1.33 36.73 -0.34 37.16 -0.27 87.60 -1.00
-1.68 36.97 -0.45 37.61 -0.37 87.60 -1.34
-1.95 37.27 -0.52 37.13 -0.45 85.32 -1.61
-2.17 37.78 -0.59 38.32 -0.51 81.87 -1.83
-2.37 42.87 -0.65 42.73 -0.56 79.93 -2.02
-2.55 42.48 -0.69 42.72 -0.61 77.32 -2.19
-2.70 46.12 -0.74 47.16 -0.66 75.79 -2.34
300kg 300kg 300kg 300kg
2.0° 2.5° 3.0° 3.5°
4.15 -58.84 4.19 -57.21 4.22 -55.15 4.24
3.89 -58.38 3.93 -56.06 3.96 -54.64 3.99
3.61 -56.16 3.65 -53.26 3.69 -50.33 3.72
3.32 -52.08 3.37 -48.99 3.40 -45.48 3.44
3.03 -51.44 3.07 -47.82 3.12 -42.72 3.15
2.68 -45.84 2.74 -40.24 2.79 -36.27 2.82
2.26 -38.59 2.32 -33.46 2.37 -28.30 2.43
1.74 -21.86 1.81 -17.04 1.88 -12.98 1.94
1.10 5.50 1.19 9.13 1.26 13.66 1.35
0.31 45.12 0.41 48.62 0.50 52.55 0.60
-0.45 81.53 -0.35 83.87 -0.24 85.82 -0.14
-1.09 100.03 -0.98 101.76 -0.86 103.15 -0.75
-1.62 107.29 -1.50 108.60 -1.38 108.83 -1.26
-2.04 109.33 -1.92 109.83 -1.80 110.08 -1.66
-2.37 105.62 -2.25 107.04 -2.13 107.31 -2.01
-2.64 100.32 -2.52 102.01 -2.41 102.83 -2.27
-2.89 96.25 -2.77 97.45 -2.64 98.23 -2.52
-3.12 93.72 -2.99 94.58 -2.86 95.11 -2.74
-3.33 90.70 -3.21 91.51 -3.06 91.57 -2.93
 Project: RC1028STB Size: 8.2/20.0-13 Camber: 0°
Spec: 14140S Tyre: FSAE Rear Pressure: 21psi
Tested: 21/11/2013 Rim: 9.0J x 13" Speed: 20kph
Self A lignin g Torq u e (N m ) .

120.00
100.00 75kg
150kg
80.00
225kg
60.00 300kg

40.00
20.00
0.00
-9.0 -8.0 -7.0 -6.0 -5.0 -4.0 -3.0 -2.0 -1.0 0.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 7.0 8.0 9.0
-20.00
-40.00
-60.00
-80.00
-100.00 Slip Angle (deg)
Cornering Force (kN ) .

5.00
75kg
4.00 150kg
225kg
3.00 300kg

2.00

1.00

0.00
-9.0 -8.0 -7.0 -6.0 -5.0 -4.0 -3.0 -2.0 -1.0 0.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 7.0 8.0 9.0
-1.00

-2.00

-3.00

-4.00

-5.00 Slip Angle (deg)

 Project: RC1028STB Size: 8.2/20.0-13 Camber: 0.5°
Spec: 14140S Tyre: FSAE Rear Pressure: 21psi
Tested: 21/11/2013 Rim: 9.0J x 13" Speed: 20kph
Self A ligning Torque (N m)

120.00
75kg
100.00
150kg
80.00 225kg
300kg
60.00

40.00

20.00

0.00
-9.0 -8.0 -7.0 -6.0 -5.0 -4.0 -3.0 -2.0 -1.0 0.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 7.0 8.0 9.0
-20.00

-40.00

-60.00

-80.00 Slip Angle (deg)

Cornering Force (kN) .

5.00

4.00 75kg
150kg
3.00 225kg
300kg
2.00

1.00

0.00
-9.0 -8.0 -7.0 -6.0 -5.0 -4.0 -3.0 -2.0 -1.0 0.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 7.0 8.0 9.0
-1.00

-2.00

-3.00

-4.00

-5.00 Slip Angle (deg)

 Project: RC1028STB Size: 8.2/20.0-13 Camber: 1.0°
Spec: 14140S Tyre: FSAE Rear Pressure: 21psi
Tested: 21/11/2013 Rim: 9.0J x 13" Speed: 20kph
Self A ligning Torque (N m ) .

120.00
75kg
100.00
150kg
80.00 225kg
300kg
60.00

40.00

20.00

0.00
-9.0 -8.0 -7.0 -6.0 -5.0 -4.0 -3.0 -2.0 -1.0 0.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 7.0 8.0 9.0
-20.00

-40.00

-60.00

-80.00 Slip Angle (deg)

Cornering Force (kN ) .

5.00

75kg
4.00
150kg
225kg
3.00 300kg

2.00

1.00

0.00
-9.0 -8.0 -7.0 -6.0 -5.0 -4.0 -3.0 -2.0 -1.0 0.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 7.0 8.0 9.0
-1.00

-2.00

-3.00 Slip Angle (deg)

 Project: RC1028STB Size: 8.2/20.0-13 Camber: 1.5°
Spec: 14140S Tyre: FSAE Rear Pressure: 21psi
Tested: 21/11/2013 Rim: 9.0J x 13" Speed: 20kph
Self A ligning Torque (N m ) .

120.00

100.00 75kg
150kg
80.00 225kg
300kg
60.00

40.00

20.00

0.00
-9.0 -8.0 -7.0 -6.0 -5.0 -4.0 -3.0 -2.0 -1.0 0.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 7.0 8.0 9.0
-20.00

-40.00

-60.00

-80.00 Slip Angle (deg)

Cornering Force (kN ) .

5.00

4.00 75kg
150kg
3.00 225kg
300kg
2.00

1.00

0.00
-9.0 -8.0 -7.0 -6.0 -5.0 -4.0 -3.0 -2.0 -1.0 0.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 7.0 8.0 9.0
-1.00

-2.00

-3.00

-4.00 Slip Angle (deg)

 Project: RC1028STB Size: 8.2/20.0-13 Camber: 2.0°
Spec: 14140S Tyre: FSAE Rear Pressure: 21psi
Tested: 21/11/2013 Rim: 9.0J x 13" Speed: 20kph
Self A ligning Torque (N m ) .

120.00
75kg
100.00
150kg
80.00 225kg
300kg
60.00

40.00

20.00

0.00
-9.0 -8.0 -7.0 -6.0 -5.0 -4.0 -3.0 -2.0 -1.0 0.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 7.0 8.0 9.0
-20.00

-40.00

-60.00

-80.00 Slip Angle (deg)

Cornering Force (kN ) .

5.00
75kg
4.00 150kg
225kg
3.00 300kg

2.00

1.00

0.00
-9.0 -8.0 -7.0 -6.0 -5.0 -4.0 -3.0 -2.0 -1.0 0.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 7.0 8.0 9.0
-1.00

-2.00

-3.00

-4.00 Slip Angle (deg)

 Project: RC1028STB Size: 8.2/20.0-13 Camber: 2.5°
Spec: 14140S Tyre: FSAE Rear Pressure: 21psi
Tested: 21/11/2013 Rim: 9.0J x 13" Speed: 20kph
Self A ligning Torque (N m ) .

120.00
75kg
100.00
150kg
80.00 225kg
300kg
60.00

40.00

20.00

0.00
-9.0 -8.0 -7.0 -6.0 -5.0 -4.0 -3.0 -2.0 -1.0 0.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 7.0 8.0 9.0
-20.00

-40.00

-60.00

-80.00 Slip Angle (deg)

Cornering Force (kN ) .

5.00
75kg
4.00 150kg
225kg
3.00 300kg

2.00

1.00

0.00
-9.0 -8.0 -7.0 -6.0 -5.0 -4.0 -3.0 -2.0 -1.0 0.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 7.0 8.0 9.0
-1.00

-2.00

-3.00

-4.00 Slip Angle (deg)

 Project: RC1028STB Size: 8.2/20.0-13 Camber: 3.0°
Spec: 14140S Tyre: FSAE Rear Pressure: 21psi
Tested: 21/11/2013 Rim: 9.0J x 13" Speed: 20kph
Self A ligning Torque (N m ) .

120.00

100.00 75kg
150kg
80.00 225kg
300kg
60.00

40.00

20.00

0.00
-9.0 -8.0 -7.0 -6.0 -5.0 -4.0 -3.0 -2.0 -1.0 0.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 7.0 8.0 9.0
-20.00

-40.00

-60.00

-80.00 Slip Angle (deg)

Cornering Force (kN ) .

5.00
75kg
4.00 150kg
225kg
3.00 300kg

2.00

1.00

0.00
-9.0 -8.0 -7.0 -6.0 -5.0 -4.0 -3.0 -2.0 -1.0 0.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 7.0 8.0 9.0
-1.00

-2.00

-3.00

-4.00 Slip Angle (deg)

 Project: RC1028STB Size: 8.2/20.0-13 Camber: 3.5°
Spec: 14140S Tyre: FSAE Rear Pressure: 21psi
Tested: 21/11/2013 Rim: 9.0J x 13" Speed: 20kph
Self A ligning Torque (N m ) .

120.00
75kg
100.00
150kg
80.00 225kg
300kg
60.00

40.00

20.00

0.00
-9.0 -8.0 -7.0 -6.0 -5.0 -4.0 -3.0 -2.0 -1.0 0.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 7.0 8.0 9.0
-20.00

-40.00

-60.00

-80.00 Slip Angle (deg)

Cornering Force (kN ) .

5.00
75kg
4.00 150kg
225kg
3.00 300kg

2.00

1.00

0.00
-9.0 -8.0 -7.0 -6.0 -5.0 -4.0 -3.0 -2.0 -1.0 0.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 7.0 8.0 9.0
-1.00

-2.00

-3.00

-4.00 Slip Angle (deg)