Lahiri

ARCHIVAL MUSEUM
for
SHYAMA CHARAN LAHIRI FOUNDATION
Project Report
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© Project : Sri Saumya Acharyya
1.0 INTRODUCTION
1.1 SRI LAHIRI MAHASAYA
AN INSIGHT
Lahiri Mahasaya
Incarnation- 30 September 1828 - Ghurnigram, West Bengal, India

Mahasmadhi - 26 September 1895 - Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
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© Project : Sri Soumya Acharya
Shyama Charan Lahiri
(Bengali:Shêma Chôron Lahiṛi), best known as Lahiri Mahasaya (September

30, 1828 - September 26, 1895), was an Indian yogi and a disciple of
Mahavatar Babaji. He revived the yogic science of Kriya Yoga when he
learned it from Mahavatar Babaji in 1861.
He was unusual among Indian holy men in that he was a householder —
marrying, raising a family, and working as an accountant for the Military
Engineering Department of the English government. Lahiri Mahasaya lived
with his family in Varanasi . He achieved a substantial reputation among
19th century Hindu religionists.
He became well known in the west through Paramahansa Yogananda‘s
Autobiography of a Yogi. Lahiri Mahasaya‘s disciples included both of
Paramhansa Yogananda's parents as well as HIS own guru. Lahiri
Mahasaya prophesied that the infant Yogananda would become a yogi, and
"carry many souls to God‘s kingdom―.
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EARLY LIFE
Lahiri Mahasaya was born into a Brahmin family in the Nadia district of Bengal.
He was the youngest son of Muktokeshi, wife of Gaur Mohan Lahiri. His
mother died when He was a child . At the age of three or four, He was often
seen sitting in meditation, with His body buried in the sand up to his neck.
When He was five, the family's ancestral home was lost in a flood, so the
family moved to Varanasi, where he would spend most of his life.
As a child, He studied Urdu and Hindi, gradually moving on to Bengali,
Sanskrit, Persian, and English along with study of the Vedas. Reciting the
Vedas, bathing in the Ganges, and worship were part of His daily routine.
In 1846, He was married to Srimati Kashi Moni Devi. They had two sons,
Tincouri and Ducouri, and three daughters,Harimati,Harikamini and
Harimohini. His work as an accountant in the Military Engineering
Department of the English government took him all over India. After the
death of His father, He took on the role of supporting the entire family in
Varanasi.
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1.2 Teacher of Kriya Yoga
In 1861, Lahiri Mahasaya was transferred to Ranikhet, in the foothills of the Himalayas.
One day, while walking in the hills, he heard a voice calling to him. After climbing
further, he met his Guru Mahavatar Babaji, who initiated him into the techniques of
Kriya Yoga. Babaji told him that the rest of his life was to be given to spreading the
Kriya message.
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Soon after, Lahiri Mahasaya returned to Varanasi, where He began initiating
sincere seekers into the path of Kriya Yoga. Over time, more and more
people flocked to receive the teachings of Kriya from HIM. He organized
many study groups and regular discourses on the Bhagavad Gita at His
"Gita Assemblies." He gave Kriya initiation to those of every faith, including
Hindus, Moslems, and Christians, at a time when caste bigotry was very
strong. He encouraged his students to adhere to the tenets of their own
faith, adding the Kriya techniques to what they already were practicing.
He continued His dual role of accountant and supporter to His family, and a
teacher of Kriya Yoga, until 1886, when He was able to retire on a pension.
More and more visitors came to see Him at this time. He seldom left his
sitting room, available to all who sought His darshan.
Over the years He gave initiation to gardeners, postmen, kings, maharajas,
sannyasis, householders, people considered to be lower caste, Christians,
and Muslims.
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Some of His notable disciples included Swami Sri Yukteswar Giri,Mother and
Father of Paramahansa Yogananda,Sri Panchanan Bhattacharya,Sri
Harinarayan Paladhi,Sri Ramdayal Majumdar,Swami Kevlananda,Dr. Srish
Mukhopadhyay,Sri Ananda Charan Shastri,Sri Harimohan
Bandopadhyay,Sadhu Nagendranath Chowdhary,Sri Motilal Thakur,Swami
Satyanand Giri,Swami Suddhananda Giri, Swami Jnananananda,
Swami Pranabananda, Swami Keshabananda, Sri Bhupendranath Sanyal,
Swami Bhaskarananda Saraswati of Benares, Balananda Brahmachari of
Deogarh, Maharaja Iswari Narayan Sinha Bahadur of Benares and his
son,Sri Maheswara Dutta,Sri Barada Charan Majumdar,Sri Tripura Charan
Deb Sharmana,Sri Jnanendra Nath Mukhopadhyay,Sri Adyanath
Ray,Brahamachari Anilananda,Swami Parmananda Giri,Swami
Bhavananda Giri,Swami Gokulananda Giri,Sri Netai Charan Bandhadhyay.
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1.4 SHYAMA CHARAN LAHIRI FOUNDATION
To keep the purity of the teachings of Lahiri Mahasaya,the

preservation of the Master’s original manuscripts on the
science of Kriya Yoga is necessary.However
manuscripts,written between1865 to 1895,are currently facing
deterioration by being kept in inadequate conditions due to
lack of proper storing facilities.Furthermore,these documents
are currently kept private,unavailable to the wide following of
Lahiri Mahasaya.
For this purpose,the Shyama Charan Lahiri Foundation has been
established to preserve and restore the manuscripts and relics of Sri
Sri Shyama Charan Lahiri Mahasaya
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2.0 Needs Assessment
As the goddess of memory, nurtures and gods who preside over creation
and lend their grace to our efforts — so do archives nourish the
institutions of which they become iconic symbols.
In this section we explore and justify the need for the project proposed.
2.1 Why the Archival Museum?
Archival Museums are the institution‘s memory. Here we find the dreams of the
founders and the pathways of generations which sought to make those
dreams into realities. From soaring manifestos ,records of contributions etc
the archives retains for all time the raw, historical record of human beings
working to build an institution in the service of mankind.
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• By preserving past records the archives serves many needs. The most
obvious reason is necessity.
• Records which convey the spirit and intent of donors, artists, municipal
bodies,
• and diverse expressions of the guru will serve as guideposts which keep the
museum.
• Just as important is the guarantee that the work of past generations will
never be forgotten or ―lost‖.
• This guarantee strengthens the resolve of present and future trustees,
volunteers, donors and the public at-large to participate in an institution
which will remember forever the sacrifices, visions and successes of today.
• The archives transcends the institutions history to chronicle both the
emergence of a spiritual and cultural centre and the developments in the
communities at large.
• Those whose contributions, philosophies, faces, and even voices are
preserved at the archives played roles that exceeded the confines of the
museum.
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2.2 What Records need to be preserved in Archives?
Generally when archival records are surveyed prior to projects like these
historic records that were to form the cornerstone of the archives were
scattered between office spaces, closets, a storage vault and—worst of
all—unairconditioned warehouse like spaces.
• Typically the trustees recognized their custodial responsibility toward the

records and their value in developing and obtaining the future goals of the
institution to build a formal museum archives.
• Exhaustive efforts to gather, properly house and catalogue its historic
records while deliberating on an appropriate permanent home for the
archives by the institution.
• When such projects are announced valuable and untraceable records
,manuscriopts and documents appear from myriad sources.
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An institutional records management program to distinguish between records of
enduring value and those transitory in nature has to be put in place to
handle this near avalanche of papers.
Once the museum archives moves into a climate-controlled facility the valuable
items get stored based on categorization of paper type, ink type,
parchment/cloth media, film,digital and such and as the conditions required
for each is different and specific.
2.3 How will the institution benefit?
When established the archived material and the premises become a

tremendous resource for Communities of followers and the uninitiated and
also the scholary in the same manner that all institutional archives serve
their parent organization.
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• Its collections and their value will draw benefactors and they then will be
called upon to enhance the presence of the institution ,in fundraising and
marketing during extensive building and renovation projects and their
corresponding capital campaigns.
• The archives will also enable prompt access to vital legal and financial
records while decreasing liability by ensuring compliance with statutory
retention requirements.
• Each year the archives can be involved in the audit and budgeting
procedures. .
• The staffing level has to created and committed funds increased.
2.4 What are the other uses possible?
• In-house publications, whether brochures or monographs, can draw upon

the archives for both their information and graphics.
• For these reasons alone I would endorse the establishment of an archives
for any vibrant organization; the resource-building function of the archives is
rendered all the more significant by its ability to provide contextual and
interpretive information for the collection itself.
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• Exhibition files, meeting minutes, and curatorial and administrative records
provide information on the provenance, exhibition history, physical condition
and artistic significance of objects that have entered or will be considered
for the permanent collection.
• Past collection policies guide future collecting and deaccessioning decisions
• Checklists, label copy, lectures and even comment sheets enhance
exhibition, educational and outreach programs.
• At the Archival museum of Sri Lahiri Mahasaya eventually the personal
papers of several yogis of spiritual repute can be acquired, providing
insight into their concepts as well as documentation of provenance and the
scholarly research of objects in or related to Sri Lahiri Mahasayas
teachings.
• The greatest endorsement that I can give to the establishment of a museum
archives is the announcement that plans will respond to the special
conservation and storage needs.
• Generous space will also allow for the more aggressive acquisition of
manuscript collections that are closely related to the yogis history.
• A commitment to capture and deliver the historic to electronic records of the
institution will also be undertaken as part of the project.
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Today more than ever, the trustees are to become committed to the concept of
a vibrant archives inherently valuable and integral to the smooth operation
of the institutions extension plans.
3.1 Objective
To design the built environment of the highest technical specifications and

execute the project professionally to provide a world class archival museum
facility for SCLF.
• The purpose is to raise funds for the revitalization of the Museum +

Archives building. The project will return the archival papers, manuscripts
and collections to the proper storage conditions that is ideal for
conservation.
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• Iconic architecture by restoring the architectural concept of an open soulful
and simple design language to a elegant structure and sustainable services
installations.
• The new design allows for a greatly expanded public space and combines
the functionality of conservation spaces and accessible libraries with
displays and even an auditorium.
Benefits
• Cultural draw on the International Spiritual Spectrum .

• Clearly visible displays and comfortable work, library spaces.
• Improved access for scholars ,devotees, followers and the uninitiated
• Expanded gallery space
• Public-use programming space
• Improved storage conditions
• Creation of a lasting legacy project for a century and beyond.
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3.2 Outcome
The decisions taken by trustees in evaluating and formalizing the suggestions

made in this report are to be formalized a s a DESIGN BRIEF to the
Architects Transform Design.
4.0 Agenda
4.1 Project Overview
Archives and Record Storage Buildings must be high-performance buildings

whose systems must be designed to operate permanently at a very high
level with zero tolerance for failure.
• Archives and Record Storage Buildings are facilities that provide a proper
environment for the purpose of storing records and materials that require
permanent protection for historic and lifetime storage, upkeep, and
preservation.
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• The often irreplaceable nature of the materials to be permanently stored
and preserved in this type of building requires a life-cycle analysis and
approach to its design and construction, with extensive redundancy in its
building systems.
• This building type must be designed to accommodate the loads of the
materials to be stored; the sensitive environmental needs of different
materials to be permanently stored and preserved; the functional efficiency,
safety, security, and comfort of the visiting public and operating personnel;
and the protection of the archived materials from fire, water, and man-made
threat.
• To accomplish this complex mission, these buildings benefit from an
inclusive, holistic, integrated or whole building design approach that
optimizes and balances the various design objectives to achieve the desired
high-performance building.
• This process involves all building stakeholders and design professionals
from the beginning of the project.
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4.2 Building Attributes
An Archives and Record Storage Building must have working environments

that are safe, secure, healthy, comfortable, durable, aesthetically pleasing,
and be accessible.
Administrative office space, archival and preservation office space, and
permanent storage space for the stored archival and record materials must
be accommodated.
Important design issues for Archival Museum for The Sri Shyama Charan Lahiri
Mahasaya Foundation are listed below and they will be the basic premise
guiding Transform Designs effort in approaching the project.
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• Storage of archived materials to maximize efficiency, utilize building cubic
space
• Flexibility for change of mission, new materials to be stored, and archival
technologies
• Provision for archives expansion—vertically, horizontally
• Protection of the archived materials is a principal design driver for this
building type
• Compartmentalization of storage areas to limit involved area of catastrophic
loss in case of fire or system failure
• Fire protection of the stored materials
• Safety of staff and visitor occupants
• Temperature and humidity requirements that might vary for different types
of materials stored in archival areas and in the archival/preservation office
areas
• Daylighting for employee amenity, but not that would harm archival
materials or adversely affect sensitive indoor environmental conditions
• Controlled access to archive storage areas
• Secure and safe loading and receiving areas
• Secure and controlled public/researcher access
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4.2 Types and Attributes of Spaces
An Archival Museum building for Sri Lahiri Mahasaya will need a number
of space types to meet the needs of staff and visitors.
These spaces and their attributes may include:
4.2a Offices
• Administrative Offices: May be private and/or semi-private acoustically
and/or visually
• Archival Office Areas: May require environmentally separate spaces for
preservation and curatorial operations handling different materials, may
require specialized furnishings and equipment, all secure from unauthorized
public/visitor access
• Secure access corridor from archival office areas to archive spaces
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• Secured visitor/researcher office(s) to view archival materials: consider
several "eyes-on" security vantage points, i.e., viewing glass from office
reception and from nearby administrative office areas and/or CCTV
cameras
• Archival Materials Storage: For materials used by staff for curatorial and
preservation office operations. May require special/separated environmental
conditions for different materials being processed
• Staff sanitary facilities
4.2b Visitor Support Spaces
• Lobby: central location for building entrance containing directory, schedules,

and general information: consider a retail shop. See display considerations
below.
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• Provide adequate space for security investigation station at entrance.
Consider lockers for visitor personal packages/bags.
• Consider separate circulation and access paths for public visitors/tourists
who will not need to see archival materials vs. scholars/researchers who
will.
• Scholar/researcher access: to secured space in office area.
• Display of selected archival items for visitors: consider display case(s) or
gallery depending on number/frequency of visitors.
• Visitor sanitary facilities.
4.2c Employee Support Spaces
• Employee entrance from parking area or street: consider separate

employee and public entrances.
• Cafeteria or lunch room area, vending machines: locate to inhibit food and
liquids from entering the archives and archival office areas.
• Employee sanitary facilities.
• Access to outside parking spaces or enclosed parking area, or public
transportation if applicable.
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An example of a reference Spatial plan diagram from existing reference
material is
illustrated below. A similar plan will be the first stage of the design process
for the
SCLF Archive building
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4.2d Archival Storage Spaces
• Compartmented storage spaces: consider fire protection and egress life

safety requirements, and distinct environmental requirements of different
stored materials. No windows, skylights, roof penetrations, or rooftop
mounted equipment should occur within/above the compartmented archive
spaces.
• Structural loading should consider wet weight of stored materials in the
event of sprinkler activation.
• Configuration of storage spaces will be dependant on size and nature of
objects to be stored: flat or volumetric, physical composition of archived
material, and frequency of use/access to stored materials.
• Design storage spaces efficiently to minimize space given over to aisles.
• Storage methods can have a large impact on the size and configuration of
storage spaces, with large cost implications for building and/or storage
equipment as well.
• It is generally less expensive to increase building height than footprint area
for the same amount of volume of stored materials. This is especially true in
consideration of planning for future expansion of storage space.
• Consider the interaction between building design and selection of storage
method that will affect height and volume of storage spaces, weight and
structural loading, accessibility, and fire protection measures.
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• Consider impact of multi-story archive storage on fire protection of structure
and heavy foundation design, and ability for fire fighters to access fires and
adequately ventilate heat and smoke.
• Consider impact of storage systems on methods of fire protection: open vs.
solid shelving, flue space for sprinkler water penetration, need for in-
rack/shelf/cabinet sprinkler heads, affect of water on stored material, and
smoke and heat ventilation.
• Storage methods may consist of all or some combinations of:
– Open steel shelving with archive boxes of stored record materials or open
volumetric materials.
– File cabinets—letter, legal, or flat files for drawings, art materials
– High-density horizontal sliding storage systems and/or carousels.
– High-density vertical storage systems and carousels:
• Note that vertical carousels can bring all stored materials in the carousel to a sitting
stationary operator, and are thus accessible.
• Such systems can be very expensive and are used in a most cost-effective manner for
materials needing frequent access.
• The cost of high-density storage systems should be examined in context
with the offsetting reduced cost of a smaller building footprint or building
volume.
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4.2e Archive access Corridor(s)
• Links archival office area with all compartmented archive spaces

• Provides required emergency egress from all archive spaces
• Consider design strategies to achieve daylight and view access in
corridor(s) —windows, skylights, clerestory windows.
• Consider running mechanical and electrical services in corridor
ceilings/plenums to service archive spaces and eliminating wall penetrations
between archive spaces.
• Links to a secured receiving/loading area without going through other
spaces
• Corridor and door widths sufficient for two carts to pass each other, or for
largest objects being stored
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4.2f Operation and Maintenance Spaces
• Utility service entry rooms

• Mechanical and electrical equipment rooms: locate remote from archive
storage spaces and archival office areas which might have sensitive
measuring instrumentation
• General office storage closets: for stationery, office equipment, and
instructional materials
• Computer/communications rooms
• Maintenance closets with janitor sinks
• Secured receiving/loading area. Depending on level of security required,
consider separate package screening room.
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4.3 Important Design Considerations
Typical features of Archive and Record Storage Buildings include the list of
applicable design objectives elements as outlined below. A list and
definitions of the design objectives within the context of whole building
design.
4.3a Accessibility
• Consider full accessibility for all workers and visitors to the archive building.
• Consider use of archival storage systems that are accessible for all workers.
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4.3b Aesthetics
Design of storage buildings is challenging because they tend to be large

massive structures with vast expanse of featureless wall surfaces.
Aesthetic examination may focus on several considerations:
• The extent of public exposure and visitation

• The need to project a positive organizational image
• Consider aesthetic expression if stored archival materials have symbolic
and/or historic importance.
• The surrounding environment and context—both man-made and natural
• The need to provide controlled natural light to interior work spaces
• The need to breakdown large or massive scale of storage type buildings.
Consider use of varying architectural massing and materials, and use of
landscaping features such as trees and earth berms in the design.
• The need to provide stimulating and interesting interior space for the
employees and visitors
• Consider procession from exterior to interior spaces.
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4.3c Cost Effectiveness
The high-performance archives and record storage building should be

evaluated using life-cycle economic and material evaluation models. The
mission of this building type is to preserve valuable materials and records
for long duration. Design and construction of such a building is imperative to
mission performance and savings on long-term operations and
maintenance.
• The design process should include analysis of cost benefits and tradeoffs
between various storage systems and methods, structural loading designs,
amount of built floor space, and future expansion needs.
• To achieve the optimum performance for the investment in the facility, value
engineering provides a means for assessing the performance versus cost of
each design element and building component. In the design phase building
development, properly applied value engineering considers alternative
design solutions to optimize the expected cost/worth ratio of projects at
completion. Value engineering elicits ideas on ways of maintaining or
enhancing results while reducing life cycle costs.
• Because storage methods can greatly affect building design and costs, the
design team should include expertise on storage systems and archival
materials handling. Such expertise should also be included on a value
engineering team during the design phase.
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4.3d Functionality and Operational Considerations
• Archive and record storage buildings must contain flexible storage

arrangements to house growing collections of materials with varying storage
and environmental requirements. Floors may be designed for 150 pounds
per square foot (psf) live load to allow the arrangement of standard full-
height shelving anywhere in the library. Since future growth may require
shelving to be relocated, 150 psf design loads will allow the standard full-
height shelving to be placed anywhere without being concerned about
potential structural damage from excessive point loads caused by
overloaded shelves. However, increasing the design load to 300 psf allows
high-density compact shelving, as opposed to standard shelving, to be
placed anywhere. Compact shelving houses a greater quantity of media
than standard shelving.
• The design process should include analysis of cost benefits and tradeoffs
between various storage systems and methods, structural loading designs,
amount of built floor space, and future expansion needs.
• Movement between archive spaces must be convenient, logical, and
efficient. Walls and columns must be located efficiently and designed to
facilitate future expansion. Future growth and expansion should be taken
into consideration in the design program at the onset.
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• Consider high ceiling heights to accommodate vertical high-density storage
to offset increase of building footprint and enable easier future vertical
expansion. As collections grow, storage/shelving space decreases. As a
result, compact shelving must be included in any design. Storage of
periodicals or government documents in compact shelving has become
common practice.
• Adequate space for storage, preservation and repair of electronic
information and media systems should be included in the program.
• Include space for staff and researcher use of electronic technologies. The
space needs for workstations mimic that required to accommodate office
workstations at 30 to 50 square feet for each..
• If archives are stored on more than one floor, align mechanical and
electrical service spaces vertically to eliminate horizontal runs across
archive spaces.
• Design vertical riser shafts with sufficient space for future expansion and
adoption of future technologies.
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4.3d Productivity
Worker Satisfaction, Health, and Comfort: by far the greatest life-cycle costs of
a building are the salaries and benefits of the occupying employees, which
generally exceeds the lease and energy costs of a facility by a factor of ten
on a square foot basis. For this reason, the health, safety, and comfort of
employees in a high-performance building are of paramount concern.
• Utilize strategies such as increased fresh air ventilation rates, the
specification of non-toxic and low-polluting materials and systems, and
indoor air quality monitoring. Consider separately exhausted or separated
space for air-polluting materials used in any archival preservation process.
• Individualized climate control in office spaces that permits users to set their
own, localized temperature, ventilation rate, and air movement preferences
is desired. However, critical requirements for archival material may require a
constant environment.
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• While difficult to quantify, it is widely accepted that worker satisfaction and
performance are increased when office workers are provided stimulating,
dynamic, working environments. Access to windows and view, opportunities
for interaction, and control of one's immediate environment are some of the
factors that contribute to improved workplace satisfaction.
• The acoustical environment of the office must be designed and integrated
with the other architectural systems and furnishings of the office. Special
consideration must be given to noise control in open office settings, with
absorptive finish materials, masking white noise, and sufficient separation of
individual occupants.
• Consider worker ergonomics and safety with regard to frequency of need to
access certain archival materials and storage method used. Storage
systems should discourage the need for ladders and heavy lifting.
4.3e Technical Connectivity
Technology has become an indispensable tool for organizational operations

and security. Given that technology is driving a variety of changes in
organizational and architectural forms of buildings, consider the following
issues when incorporating technology, particularly information technology
into a building:
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• Plan new buildings to have a distributed, robust, and flexible IT
infrastructure, which would allow technological access in virtually all the
spaces. Restrict conduit penetrations to perimeter of fire-protected archive
storage spaces.
• During the planning stage, identify all necessary technological systems
(e.g., voice/cable/data systems such as audio/visual systems, sensing and
alarm systems, speaker systems, Internet access, and Local Area Networks
[LAN] / Wide-Area Networks [WAN] / Wireless Fidelity [WI-FI]), and provide
adequate equipment rooms and conduit runs for them.
• Consider and accommodate for wireless technologies, as appropriate.
• For existing buildings, consider improving the IT infrastructure and access
for future flexibility as renovations are undertaken. See WBDG Productive-
Design for the Changing Workplace and Productive-Integrate Technological
Tools for more information about incorporating IT into facility design.
4.3f Safety and Security
Natural and man-made threats of the last decade have focused attention on
protection of occupants and assets. Through comprehensive threat
assessment, vulnerability assessment, and risk analysis, security
requirements for individual buildings are identified, and appropriate
reasonable design responses are identified for integration into the building
design.
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Given the mission of this building type, protection of occupants, assets, and
building contents is of paramount importance. Protection of valued archival
materials from fire and smoke, water, and inadequate environmental
conditions, will require robust building and systems design, and reliable,
durable, and integrated system sensors, monitors, alarms, and protection
devices. In addition man-made threat security shall require controlled
access and surveillance systems.
• Consider entrances that do not face uncontrolled vantage points with direct
lines of sight and driveway access to the entrance.
• Utilize site barriers and setback distance, perimeter barriers and blast
resistance, access control and intrusion detection, entrance screening,
package screening and control, open areas that allow for easy visual
detection by occupants, and minimized exposed glazing.
• Major circulation patterns should be clearly understood and logical. First-
time visitors, unfamiliar with their surroundings, may have trouble navigating
the safest exit route from the building. Consider using increased signage
and/or providing safety information and a building directory in welcome
brochures. Also, review and evaluate safety plans on a regular basis.
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• Fire protection system design becomes a critical design element involving
extensive fire-rated construction and pressurized water delivery to sprinkler
or water mist systems. Locate water main piping outside archive storage
space to the extent possible. Fire protection systems must be designed to
put out a fire as quickly as possible with minimal collateral damage to
structure and contents.
• Also include ability to rapidly vent heat and smoke from fires. This may be
difficult to achieve for archive and record storage facilities located in
basements and underground caverns.
• If the program calls for multistory archive storage, consider impact on fire
fighters to access the fire, and to vent heat and smoke from upper stories.
• Provide backup systems for all critical building functions for occupant safety
and preservation of archival contents.
• Consider synergy between sustainable strategies to conserve energy and
right-sizing of security and emergency backup systems.
4.3f Sustainability
Sustainable design depends on building size, local climate, use profile, and
utility rates and discounts. Design strategies to achieve sustainability may
involve:
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• Load reduction by integrating the building with the site; adjustment of
building orientation and fenestration; optimizing the building envelope
(decreasing infiltration, increasing insulation), etc.
• Correctly sizing the heating, ventilating, and air-conditioning systems
• Installing high-efficiency equipment—mechanical, electrical, and lighting
• Incorporating Low Impact Development (LID) principles in the site design.
Given the usually large roof and floor areas for this building type, consideration
should be given to a green roof design, the application of renewable energy
systems such as building-integrated photovoltaic systems that generate
building electricity, solar thermal systems that produce hot water for
domestic hot water (DHW) or space conditioning, or geothermal heat pump
systems that draw on the thermal capacitance of the earth to improve HVAC
system performance.
Additional consideration should be given to the applications of other distributed
energy sources including microturbines, fuel cells etc., that provide reliability
(emergency and mission critical power) and grid-independence, and reduce
reliance on fossil fuel grid power.
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5.0 Emerging Issues
Given the long-term perspective required for an archives facility, the building
will have to accommodate changing technologies for storage and handling
of archival materials, change in the nature of the stored materials
themselves, changes to building systems and materials over time, and
possible change or redefinition of mission.
5.1 Electronic Media
The program should provide adequate space for housing and use of digital
materials as more record storage is now being preserved in electronic form.
Magnetic materials and optical storage media require specialized storage
for conservation and preservation. Archival collections should receive
special treatment and handling, and require specialized space temperature
and humidity environments for preservation and storage.
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5.2 Educational/Teaching Function
Consider program need for outside group educational and teaching space, and
also for internal facility staff training and educational space. Such learning
centers must be supported by access to electronic information resources,
hardware tools, and associated productivity software. Consider
implementing wireless communications technologies to allow archival staff
to classify and locate archival materials using bar code technology without
being bound to a desk.
5.3 Commissioning
With the advent of improved and complex building technologies and controls it
is crucial that high-performance buildings of all kinds be properly
commissioned as part of a comprehensive quality assurance plan. In many
instances, a process of ongoing commissioning over the building life-cycle
has shown to be effective. Federal agencies and private institutions are
moving aggressively in the direction of mandating commissioning for all
high-performance structure in their portfolios.
41
5.4 Modernization
An extensive inventory of older archive and record storage facilities represents

a significant modernization challenge. Key areas of concern for
modernization include upgrading the exterior envelope, mechanical
systems, telecommunications infrastructure, security, and interior finishes.
Improving the workplace quality, energy performance, security, flexibility to
accommodate tenant churn, maintenance overhead and life-cycle
expectancy are important objectives for modernizing these facilities.
Appropriate preservation for buildings on or eligible to be on the historic
registry is part of the modernization effort.
42
Sustainable Building
Over the past decade, sustainable development has emerged as the favoured
way of responding to the continuing degradation of the global environment.
The approach was launched into the international political arena by the
World Commission on Environment and Development (WCED), chaired by
Norwegian premier Gro Harlem Brundtland in 1987, which defined it as
‘Development that meets the needs of the present without compromising
the ability of future generations to meet their own needs’ (Brundtland, 198
7). For the W CED, sustainable development includes two key concepts.
First, the concept of needs, in particular the essential needs of the world‘s
po or, ‗to which overriding priority should b e given‘ and second, the id ea of
‗limits‘ to the environment‘s ability to meet present and future needs,
imposed by the state of technology and social organisation. To translate
Brundtland‘s report into action the United Nations Conference on
Environment and Development (UNCED) organised an Earth Summit in Rio
de Janeiro in 1992.
43
One result was the Agenda 21 action plan, which provided for the first time an
international agreement on the practical implications of sustainable
development for cross-cutting issues such as trade, consumption and
population growth, and sectoral issues among which architecture was
included. In 20 02 the next United Nations World Summit on Sustainable
Development (R io+10) Earth Sum mit will be organized. This ten-year
review of the Earth Summit Agreements in 2002 will be a major impetus to
catalyse collaborative action to implement sustainable development more
effectively (see National Councils for Sustainable Development NCSD
website). Since 1992, an array of local and national strategies have bee n
designed to tailor these recommendations to specific conditions facing
different communities across the world. One particular aspect has to be
pointed out in this context: the steadily increasing energy consumption, and
building designs or architecture, urban design and planning not adapted to
local climatic circumstances. Too often climatic factors are neglected in
construction because they are not of immediate interest and concern to the
building industry, builders, designers, developers and owners.
44
This is true not only for structures in hot climate zones, but also for those in
temperate and cold climate zones. With the input of sufficient energy almost
everything seems possible but present construction trends in tropical and
subtropical regions still show little awareness about energy conservation.
The widely applied international concrete box and iron sheet style of
ubiquitous buildings is not adapted to lo cal climatic conditions and hence its
worldwide influence is questionable (Gut et al., 1993). Building cannot
escape the far-reaching consequences of this concept in a society that is
moving gradually towards sustainability. This is proven by the fact that the
Royal Institute of British Architects (RIBA) has included ecological
sustainability on the curriculum for all the RIBA recognised courses (Smith,
2001). One of the new publications that outlines the future of the
sustainability debate in architecture is Taking Shape by Susannah Hagan. B
y focusing on the impact o f the new theories of sustainable technology and
new materials in architecture, Hagan moves the discourse and practice of
environmental sustainability within architecture towards a greater degree of
awareness of both its cultural significance and cultural potential (Hagan,
2001). Hans-Peter Jost and Jutta Schwarz discuss how to go about
constructing archive buildings in line with the main principles of ecologically
sound construction (Jostetal, 1996).
45
Considerations include the choice of the site, external arrangements,
optimum use of energy, choice of materials, ensuring a long life for a
building, ease of maintenance, and stabilisation of building waste. However,
the article only deals with building in the West. Recently an interesting study
was published in the well-known Butterworth's Series in Conservation and
Museology on the ecology of building materials. It gives a comprehensive
understanding of ecology in building and provides vital technological
information that allows the architect to put ideas of sustainability into
practice (Berge, 2000). In the same series an ecological and
environmentally responsible guide to the preservation of historic timber
structures has also appeared, founded on respect for traditional crafts and
building techniques. It illustrates the new, universally applicable approach to
preservation based on the Principles for the Preservation of Historic Timber
Structures, adopted by the International Wood Committee of ICOMOS (T he
International Council on Monuments and Sites). Considerations of
appropriate technology, preservation of old -growth forests, and
redevelopment of traditional craft skills are central to its arguments (Larsen
et al., 2000 , see also Schreckenbach, 1982; Sierig, 1991c).
46
The green awareness became especially popular when the cost for archive
building rose (Rom bauts,1996). In Australia today there is a much greater
understanding of a building‘s total structural integrity than ever before.
Archivists now think in terms of a building‘s capacity for sustaining
environmental conditions, not just creating them . They think of the entire
building structure e.g. wall, roof, and floor as a means of aiding this process
(Ling, 1998). Archivists in charge of planning new buildings do not generally
accept the concept of achieving a stable climate in the stacks by mean s of
construction without energy consuming electric devices. Somehow the idea
of sustainable archive building did not really catch on in the USA (Banks,
1999). The study by Paul Gut and Dieter Ackerknecht: Climate responsive
building is a very comprehensive approach, dealing particularly with building
in tropical climate zones, published by the Swiss Centre for Development
Co operation in Technology and Management (SKAT). Climate responsive
building is a possible alternative to climatic non-adapted building. It involves
the application o f soft measures and natural means to reduce energy
consumption by design, construction a nd materials appropriate for a
specific climate. This also has positive consequences in terms of economy
as w ell as in terms of proper use of local resources.
47
Improvements can be achieved when buildings are conceived in an
integrated approach. This includes the settlement pattern and urban forms
and the selection of the site according to microclimatic criteria. The shape
and type of buildings and their orientation, the integration of suitable
vegetation and the arrangement of the external and internal space require
careful consideration. The correct use of building materials, designs of
openings and their shading, natural cooling, passive solar heating and the
well-aimed utilisation of prevailing winds for ventilation are important
supporting elements. In general, the SKAT publication provides the
necessary information for the planning and construction of buildings in
tropical and subtropical regions with respect to natural climate control by
passive methods (i.e. without energy consuming appliances). In the main,
low-cost and appropriate concepts are envisaged. A major part of the book
is dedicated to the nine experiments and simulations Gut and Ackerknecht
conducted in diverse climatic zones. The Appendix contains the physical
data required to assess the properties of the main building materials and
other useful lists such as an extensive bibliography (166 titles), solar ecliptic
charts for tropical and subtropical regions and conversion factors.
48
According to Gut the main points to take into consideration when
designing a climate responsive building are (Gut et al., 1993):
• Minimise heat gain during daytime and maximise heat loss at night in hot
seasons, and reverse in cold seasons;
• Minimise internal heat gain in the hot seasons;
• Select the site according to microclimatic criteria;
• Optimise the building structure (especially regarding thermal storage and
time lag);
• Control solar radiation;
• Regulate air circulation.
49
4.4.1 Passive Climate Control
The concept of passive climate control is completely in line with the notion
of sustainable building. It is an alternative to a mechanical air-conditioning
system and as such is an essential part of sustainable building. Passive
climate control implies that the repository is built and arranged in such a
way that the thermal and hygroscopic properties of the building and its
contents create a good stable indoor climate. It concentrates on building
physics and ensures that the temperature and relative humidity stay within
acceptable ranges. For most, passive climate control is a design principle
where it is important for the engineer to be aware of how the building is
used . At the same time it is important for the user to be aware of any
activities that could possibly have an unintended and inappropriate effect on
the indoor climate (Christoffersen, 1995). It is clear from the recent history
of the construction of repositories in tropical climate zones, whether archive,
library or museum that the repositories play a major part in passive climate
control. It is especially important in tropical climates that buildings are
designed or retrofitted to minimise moisture problems (Daniel et al., 2000) .
50
It is regrettable that still too little research work has been undertaken to
develop passive climate control where the design of the building ensures a
stable environment (Lyall, 1997). Lars Christofferson conducted a
remarkable Ph.D. research and development project o n passive climate
controlled repositories. He developed a resource saving concept for the
establishment of a suitable climate and introduced ZEPHYR Climate
Controlled Repositories together with the idea of sustainable storage.
Although he based his study on storage facilities in Northern Europe it is still
worthwhile reading for those building in the tropics (Christofferson, 1995).
The first archive building in Africa is an interesting early example of passive
climate control. In the design of the new building of the National Archives of
Nigeria in 1958 many practical and cheap solutions were found to control
heat and humidity. Complete ventilation is provided on all floors with
standard adjustable grainglassed louvered windows with steel bars on the
inside for protection against burglars. For the same reason the wings of the
building have been made long and narrow with many doors and windows
placed opposite each other. Sun protection for the external walls is provided
by the vertical fins between each window and by horizontal sun-breakers
immediately above the windows (Gwam, 1966).
51
Channelling the wind can also provide ventilation. For this purpose
windscoops or special screens are installed on roofs to divert the wind to
channels which reach the room s. This technique has bee n used in certain
very hot and dry parts of India for centuries. Normally one windscoop is
provided for each room and in multistoreyed buildings the channels reach
all the way down. This type of ventilation is only possible if the wind blows
regularly in the same direction (Agrawal, 1974). A particular method of
preventing solar gain has been employed in the 1982 archive building of
Botswana, Africa. Here, earth berms are constructed to the underside of
windows encasing the first and second floors. The berms have a roof
structure that forms a vented air space between itself and the building
fabric, thus preventing direct solar and radiant heat gain (Lekaukau et al.,
1986). In Cologne, Germ any the system o f ‗natural air-conditioning‘, a form
o f passive building, is applied to about 10 ,000 square meters. It ha s
proven to be an effective method for stabilising temperature and humidity
within a range acceptable for paper records. T he whole strong-room is
surrounded by air above ground ; the air can pass up under the facade and
through the space between the roof and the ceiling.
52
With this construction the room is insulated as much as possible against the
outdoor climate and its changes (Buchmann, 1998; Stehkämper, 19 88). In
South Africa the bo x within a box-idea is explored in a sub terranean
construction (H arris,1993; Rowoldt, 1993 and 1994). An up-date on this
topic appeared in 1992. The author is surprised by the lack of serious
discussion on this ‗Kölner-model‘ and discusses other experiences in the
German-speaking countries (Stein, 1992). International comparisons show
that builders generally use structures having a small surface area with
heavily insulated walls to achieve a stable internal environment (Thomas,
1988). That sustainable architecture can be established with very little
means, including financial, is proven by Laurie Baker who, during the
course of 30 years, built over 26 buildings. Among others he was
responsible for the construction of the Library of the Centre for Development
Studies at Trivandrum, Kerala. The eight-story building was built with
exposed brick without cement. It is a cool building using natural ventilation
and light (Hochschild, 2000; Kremp, 2001 ).
53
For more details on construction materials see the section on Construction
below and for an older state of the art study on passive cooling see King,
1984, for a later case study see Rosenlund, 1993. For further reading on
passive climate control see Adamson et al., 1993a and 1993b; Allard, 1998;
Anonymous, 1982a, 1982b, 1985b and 1997; Ayres et al., 1988; Bahadori,
1979; Baker, 1987; Bansal et al., 1994;Cofaigh Eoin et al., 1996; Dodd et
al., 1986; Doswald, 1977; Edwards, 1994; Fischer, 1984; Fitzgerald, E. et
al., 1999; Holm, 1983; Padfield et al., 1990; Roaf, 2001; Rosenlund, 1989;
Rosenlund et al., 1997; Sacré et al., 1992; Swartzburg et al., 1991; Slessor
et al., 1997; Yang et al., 2000. On sustainable building in general see
Clark,19 90;Ed wards, 1 999; K ing, 199 3; Kokusen, 1998; Mele t, 1999;
Piano, 1998; Ray-Jones et al., 2000; Steele, 1997; Vale et al., 1991; Yeang,
1999. For a bibliography on passive solar systems see Anonymous, 1989a ,
see also Rosalund , 1989 and Stulz, 1980. Also check the SKAT website.
54
6.0 PROJECT SUMMARY
The recommendations for the Archival Museum Building for Shyama Charan
Lahiri Foundation have been generated by Transform Design as listed
below.
6.1 SITE SELECTION CRITERA
The preliminary indication from the trustees during the briefing is that there
are 2 alternatives for locating this project.
• Varanasi
• Gorakhpur
55
Transform recommends that in projects Location is the single key factor in
determining the profile ,exposure etc. In our experience the significance of
Varanasi in Sri Lahiri Mahasaya‘s life is most significant in terms of his
spiritual expression .
A site of 2acres (86,400 sft) to 3 acres (1,30,000 sft) will be ideally suited
to locate this project. This will ensure a pristine setting for the
building and devotees or even scholars to absorb the essence of the
guru and the institution .
The site should be free of pollutant sources like landfill, garbage dump,
sewerage nalla, industrial /warehouse in vicinity and any such issues that
may render it unfit environment for preservation, conservation or spiritual
activities.
56
6.2 PLAN - AREA SUMMARY
The proposal will be a Class A construction super specified in finishes to

ensure long term maintanence . The Area Plan for the project is
summarized below as temperory , permanent and exterior spaces.
6.2a SITE (2.5 ACRES)
This can be the enclosed portion allocated to this project from a larger site if the
case arises.This area can accommodate the project with scope for future
expansion of the archival areas.
57
6.2b Temperoray Spaces
6.2b.1 ARCHIVE TEMPERORY STORAGE - 4000 sft
Good quality space in a good permanent structure close to the site free of
dampness, pests etc to gather and document and restore all the archival
material before transferring them to the permanent premises that is being
built for the purpose.
This will include safe storage spaces, Offices and the necessary provisions for
segregated work areas for any laboratory or testing work for the restoration
technicians and experts
58
6.2b.2 SITE OFFICE - 800 sft
Facilities to be provided for the on site engineering staff to receive all drawings
and data and store and retrieve them comfortably .The space to be provided
to conduct review meetings and discussions following site inspections etc .
The site office to also provide well lit and well ventilated work and rest
spaces so that the engineering staff can perform to maximum
efficiency.Purchase and procurement activities to be undertaken from this
office.
6.2b.3 MATERIAL STORAGE SHEDS - 1500 sft
Well secured and covered spaces for the storage of materials received at site
for use in the construction process especially finishing materials and the
fittings and fixtures.
59
6.2c Permanent Built Spaces
6.2c.1 Spaces near Main Entry
Security Block - 200 SFT

LOCKER ROOM for Visitors personal packages/bags – 400 SFT
6.2c .2 Main Archive Block (20000 SFT)
Visitor Support Spaces - 8000 sft

This comprises of:
Lobby - 1000sft
Circulation Spaces - 1500 sft
Library - 2500sft
Display of selected archival material - 2000 sft
Retail Space - 750 sft
Visitor Sanitary Facility - 250 sft
60
Archival storage areas - 10000 sft
This comprises of:
Manuscripts - 2500 sft
Photo /film - 1500 sft
Digital Records -1000 sft
Cloth, Leather ,Canvas -1500 sft
Furniture,Accessories -1000 sft
Icons ,Metal -1000 sft
Work Areas, Catalogues,Reference - 1500
Offices - 2000 sft

This comprises of:
Administrative OFFICES -800 SFT
Storage-200 sftorage -200 sft
Archival Offices-800 sft
Storage-200 sft
61
6.2C3 OTHER FACILITIES
TWIN COTTAGE 1500 SFT

WELLNESS CENTER 3000 SFT
6.2C4 LANDSCAPE AND OPEN SPACES
ROADS&PATH 20% OF THE SITE AREA

TRANQUILITY GARDEN 1500 SFT
LAND SCAPE PLANTING AREAS 20000 SFT
6.2C5 SERVICE AREAS
AIRCONDITIONING EQUIPMENT SPACES 1500 SFT

ELECTRICAL INSTALLATIONS AND PANEL SPACES 1500SFT
PUMPS ,GENERATORS ,UPS SPACES 1000 SFT
•62
6.4 PRELIMINARY BUDGET SUMMARY
SUMMARY OF ESTIMATE FOR THE PROPOSED ARCHIVAL MUSEUM
BUILDING
SHRI SHYAMA CHARAN LAHIRI MAHASAYA FOUNDATION ,INDIA
PREPARED BY- KRITHIKA SUBRAHMANIAN,TRANSFORM DESIGN,
ARCHITECTS,CHENNAI INDIA
SL NAME OF BLOCK TOTAL REMARKS
No AMOUNT (INR)
CIVIL WORKS
1 ARCHIVE TEMPERORY STORAGE AND 4000000.00 COSTS INCURRED IN
LOGISTICAL COSTS GATHERING,CATALOGUING,REST
ORING AND DOCUMENTING THE
MATERIAL TO BE ARCHIVED
2 SITE- STATUATORY PROCESS,SURVEY 3500000.00 Land cost not included
,DOCUMENTATION(2.5 ACRES )
3 BUILDING STATUATORY PROCESS(25000 2500000.00 Taken from existing median values
SFT)
4 SITE PREPARATION –FILLING,CONTOUR 10000000.00 MINIMUM MODIFICATION TO SITE
,GRADIENTS, EXISTING CONTOURS
5 MAIN ARCHIVE BLOCK (20000 SFT) 40000000.00 Civil cost assumed 1500 inr for the
basic civil work.
6 TRANQUILITY GARDEN(1500 SFT) 1500000.00 A Special landscape feature to aid
meditative setting for the building
63
SL NAME OF BLOCK TOTAL AMOUNT REMARKS
No (INR)
7 TWIN COTTAGE(1500 SFT) 3000000.00 Proposed on site for special scholars,
guests of the institution as a separate
block
8 SECURITY BLOCK(200 SFT) 300000.00 Near entry point to the site
9 LOCKER ROOM(400SFT) 600000.00 Near site entry for visitors to deposit
bags etc.
10 ROADS&PATH 5000000.00 Paved,Metal topped , gravellised etc
11 WELLNESS CENTER(3000 SFT) 6000000.00 Proposed on site as a separate block
12 SITE DRAINAGE,RAINWATER 4000000.00 Peripheral Rainwater Harvesting
HARVESTING tanks,channels, percolation pits
13 COMPOUND WALL 5000000.00 Stone Masonry Walls ,Fence etc
14 PILE WORK 700000.00 Proposed for Foundation if the site has
vegetation that can be conserved
TOTAL
15 AIRCONDITIONING AND HUMIDITY 20000000.00 DOUBLE BACKED
CONTROL(ARCHIVES) UPPRECISION AIRCONDITIONING
AND AIR PURIFICATION CLEAN
ROOM CONDITIONS
16 AIRCONDITIONING (PUBLIC AREAS) 4000000.00 DOUBLE BACK UP COFORT
AIRCONDITIONING HIGH
FILTERATION
17 PEST TREATMENT, CONTROL AND 2500000.00 Highest grade preservation safe
PREVENTION products
64
18 INSULATION, DAMPPROOFING 1000000.00 Overdeck and Under deck insulation
No (INR)
TOTAL
19 LAND SCAPE PLANTING 1000000.00 Herbs and Plants carefully chosen for
their pest control properties
20 EARTH SOIL &FLOOR GRADIANT 1000000.00 Topping for landscaped areas, highest
quality to avoid red ants, termites etc
148450000
21 ELECTRICAL INSTALLATIONS 6000000.00 All installations will be of the best safety
standards
22 PLUMBING AND SANITARY 5000000.00 Highest standards of

INSTALLATIONS watersupply,drainage
23 PUMPS ,GENERATORS ,UPS 5000000.00 Double Backup provisions for zero

failure
TOTAL
24 INTERIOR AND BUILDING
MANAGEMENT INSTALLATIONS
24.1 7500000.00 Highest Quality of metal and wood
racks suited for each type of storage
requirement and suitably treated
/coated to prevent any damage to the
FURNITURES,STORAGES,COMPACTO archived materials.
RS,RACKS,DISPLAYS
24.2 1500000.00 These will be commissioned or
COMPUTERISATION,DATA 65
procured from relevant sources.
MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS
NO (INR)
24.3 2500000.00 Grade of luminaries chosen to prevent
deterioration of preserved documents
.Detailed specification will be furnished
later
LIGHTING INSTALLATIONS
(INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL)
24.4 2000000.00 Fire detection to be of highest accuracy.
Extinguishers to be gas/powder based
based on the area of application .
FIRE FIGHTING SYSTEM DETECTION

AND DRY EXTINGUISHING SYSTEMS
24.5 2000000.00 Movement detectors ,Glass break
detectors, contact sensors,infrared
covers ,electronic auto dialers
ACCESS CONTROL,INTRUDER
ALARM, SAFETY .CCTV AND
SECURITY SYSTEMS
24.6 MISCELLANEOUS BMS 500000.00 Building Management system and
TECHNOLOGIES technology to integrate all the
installations
TOTAL 166400000.00 INR 66

ADDITIONAL EXPENSES TO BE INCURRED DURING PROJECT

NO (INR)
25 ARCHITECTS PROFESSIONAL FEES 6000000.00 3.5 % OF PROJECT COST
OTHER CONSULTANTS
26 FEES(MEP?HVAC?TECHNICAL 3000000.00
SERVICES CONSULTANTS)
ARCHIVISTS AND
27 CONSERVATIONISTS FEES AND 1500000.00
RELATED SALARIES
TEMPERORY STORAGE AND
28 RESTORATION WORK AREAS _________ NOT ESTIMATED
PREPARATION
TRAVEL,CONVEYANCE CALCULATED FOR 30 MONTH
29 1500000.00
REIMBURSIBLE SCHEDULE
PROJECT MANAGEMENT
30 2000000.00 ESTIMATE AS 1.5%
CONSULTANCY EXPENSES
Towards Site Monitoring
PROJECT SUPERVISION COSTS 1500000.00 office,coordination staff ,
INCURRED AT SITE Equiupments etc
15500000.00
67
6.5 PROJECT TEAM
1. PRIME CONSULTANT -TRANSFORM DESIGN –ARCHITECTURAL

DESIGN- INTERIOR DESIGN AND SPACE PLANNING-LANDSCAPE
DESIGN- PROJECT MANAGEMENT CONSULTANCY
2. ARCHIVIST-CONSERVATIONIST- RESTORATION EXPERT
CONSULTANT
3. LIGHTING DESIGN CONSULTANT
4. ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING SERVICES
5. STRUCTURAL DESIGN SERVICES
6. FIRE FIGHTING SYSTEM DETECTION AND DRY EXTINGUISHING
SYSTEMS DESIGN
7. ACCESS CONTROL,INTRUDER ALARM, SAFETY .CCTV AND
SECURITY SYSTEMS DESIGN
8. MISCELLANEOUS BMS TECHNOLOGIES DESIGN
68
6.6 REVIEW COMMITTEE
The project should be reviewed by a Review Committee comprising of a

trustee, an archivist , an environmental consultant and the architect at every
stage of execution to ensure that there are deviations to the design in terms
of all the minor details . This will prevent dilution of the basic principles of
the design intent.
6.7 PROJECT SCHEDULE
The Project can be scheduled as a 24 month Project and the list of Tasks is as
below.
69
6.7.1 TASKS SUMMARY
•Preliminary Brief (Client)
•Project Report (Architect)
•Approval of Budgets, Design Brief Finalisation,Appointment of Architects and
Consultants( Client )
•Site Identification (Client )
•Verification of Statuatory Norms and Legalities of the Site(Client)
•Site Boundary Survey ,Topo, Vegetation Mapping,Water Divining etc( Surveyors)
•Approval of Design Intent Statement (Review Board)
•Design Process Concept Stage( Architect)
•Review of Conceptual Presentation (& Critical analysis( ReviewBoard)
•Services Planning & Budgeting( Review board)
•Preparation of Schematic Drawings ( finalization of construction and Services
technologies)(Architects)
•Review and Finalisation of all aspects of design and product specifications.(Review
Board)
•Scale Models ,Walk Through and Presentation materials.(Architects)
•Submission of Approval Drawings ,Statuatory Process(Architects)
•Compliance and Procurement of Permits(Clients)
•Preparation and Clearance of Working Drawings and Details(Architects)
70
•Bid Documentation and Contract Administration Process( Architects and PMC)
•Prequalification of Vendors and Contractors( Architects and Review Board)
•Issual of Tenders, Analysis of Bids, Negotiation( Architect and Client)
•Identification of Contractors(Review Board)
•Services Design Finalisation, Services Vendor Identification( Services
Consultants)
•Award of all Contracts( Client)
•Construction Process( PMC Schedule to follow)
•Interior /Finishing Contract Works( Architects)
•Vendor Identification and Orders for Furniture ,Storages ,Fixtures and
Equipments.(Architects and Archivist)
•Testing and Commissioning( Architect and all consultants)
•Installation of all facilties and Equipments at site( Architects and all
consultants)
•Stocking and installation of Archival materials( Archivists and Client)
•Execution of Landscape , Signages etc( Architects , PMC ,Clients)
71
6.8 CONSULTANTS - SCOPE - PROFESSIONAL CHARGES
The Scope of Services will be as per industry standards.
Project Management Consultancy and other Services Consultants will be fixed

after the Prime Consulatant(Transform Design is Appointed)
The same will be forwarded separately to the client.
72
CLIENT- SRI SHYAMACHARAN LAHIRI MAHASAYA FOUNDATION
PROJECT TYPE- ARCHIVAL MUSEUM
SCOPE OF WORK- ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN AND ELEVATION
VALIDITY OF SERVICES-SEPT 2008 to march 2011
SCOPE OF ARCHITECT'S WORK:

Note: The Terms and conditions in this document are pertinent to the
project under consideration and the time period of Services stipulated.
The Design Services to the Project under consideration are as listed .
73
BILLING FIXED FOR SERVICES a ONLY
SCOPE OF ARCHITECT'S WORK
I Pre Design Phase – Phase I
• Brief from client about the project in writing shall be handed over to the
architect to work on.
• Preliminary design scheme shall be presented to the client with the material
board.
• Finalizing the design to take it forward to the design development stage.
II Design development phase – Phase II

• The Architect shall furnish all design and detailed working drawings with
material specification book required for execution of the Architectural work.
• The layout at site shall as per the architect‘s drawing.
• The Architect shall be responsible for the architectural design and planning
decisions of the project.
• The architect shall give all the final layouts, section drawings and elevations
drawing needed.
• The architect shall provide interior design for lobbies and club house. Basic
layout of landscape can be provided.
• Material selection will be done.
74
General Terms and Conditions:
1. We will coordinate with consultants and approving their design.

2. We can provide drawings and assistance for Statuatory
Bodies/Corporation/DCP/Panchayat plans to the client/Client‘s Liaison
agent or LS.
3. Basic walkthrough can be done at extra cost payable to our outsourced
visualiser.
4. Three views viz. Aerial, Public space and Typical villa can be done at our
cost.
5. In case of outstation work, client should arrange for air travel and A.C. car at
destination. Executive class Boarding for the Architect‘s office
representatives is required to be provided.
6. One set of selling drawing/Presentation plan will be given. Soft copy will be
furnished to client. Additional copies if required will have to be taken at your
end.
75
7) Schedule of fees:
Professional Fees - We will be charging a design fee of INR 30 Lakh towards

the architectural services. Service tax @ 12.36% shall be charged extra.
8) All the consultants bills viz. plumbing, electrical and structural shall be settled
by the client. Service tax at 12.36% will be charged extra.
Retainer Advance :10% plus service tax.

Conceptual & preliminary design :20% plus service tax.
Drawing submission to statutory bodies :20% plus service tax.
Plans, sections & elevations (GFC)-2 sets :20% plus service tax.
Service details (Kitchen, Plumbing & Electrical) :15% plus service tax.
Finishing details :10% plus service tax.
As built drawings : 5% plus service tax.
76
9) The services will involve the following:
i. Senior Architect (Mrs.Krithika Subrahmanian) One meeting at each stage at

architect‘s office or client‘s office.
ii. Senior Project Architect – One meeting every month.
iii. Project coordinator 2 reviews of One and Half hours every week at site.
iv. Project coordinator/Engineer will review the site as required.
v. Four sets of drawings shall be provided from Architect‘s office at relevant
stages. Extra copies will be charged at actual. One soft copy of the drawing
will be provided by CD.
vi. Local T&C shall be reimbursed at the rate of Rs.8 per km for travel from
point to point
77
10) Project progress will be reported to the client in writing once a month
prepared by Site Engineer attested by the Project Architect.
11) Extra inputs can be provided as required by the client at any stage to
monitor the project and billed at actual.
12) Time is the Essence of the Contract. The Services are available until
March 2011 only for the full fees amount .
13) After March 2011 the Architect shall be settled in full to extend/ continue
the service.
14) The architect shall bill the client Rs 50,000 /- Per month as additional
Retainer if the work execution at site delays to be paid on the first day of
every month .
15) The Architect shall furnish details to the client in the form of specifications
and drawings. Non performance of contractors shall not delay the Architects
payment Schedule
16) Bills presented by the Architect shall be cleared within 4 working days by
the client. The Architect reserves the right to hold drawings, details and
suspend site services for the period of delay in clearing the bill .
17) Services shall resume only if bills are honored by the client within the
stipulated time period.
78
ACCEPTED BY: ACCEPTED BY:
Mrs.Krithika Subrahmanian
Proprietrix
TRANSFORM DESIGN
Old.No.104/1 New.No.42.
Dr.Ranga Road
Mylapore, Chennai - 600 004.
79
CLIENT- SRI SHYAMA CHARAN LAHIRI MAHASAYA FOUNDATION
PROJECT TYPE- ARCHIVAL MUSEUM
SCOPE OF WORK-
a INTERIOR DESIGN
b DESIGN DOCUMENTATION
c BID DOCUMENTATION & COORDINATION OF
SERVICES
VALIDITY OF SERVICES-SEPTEMBER 2008 TO FEBRUARY 2011
SCOPE OF ARCHITECT'S WORK
Note:The Terms and conditions in this document are pertinent to the

project under consideration and the time period of Services stipulated.
The Design Services to the Project under consideration are as listed .

BILLING FIXED FOR SERVICES a, b and c ONLY
80
SCOPE OF ARCHITECT'S WORK FOR INTERIOR PROJECTS.
I Pre Design Phase – Phase I

4) Brief from client about the project in writing shall be handed over to the
architect to work on.
5) Preliminary design scheme shall be presented to the client with the material
board.
6) Finalizing the design to take it forward to the design development stage.
II Design development phase – Phase II

7) The Architect shall furnish all design and detailed working drawings with
material specification book required for execution of the Interior Works (i.e)
carpentry, False Ceiling, Civil, Plumbing, Finishing work and Soft
furnishings.
8) Budgets for the individual areas shall be indicated by the architect‘s office to
the client.
9) The layout at site shall as per the architect‘s drawing.
81
10) The Architect shall be responsible for the architectural interiors, design and
planning decisions of the project.
11) The architect shall give all the final layouts, section drawings and elevations
drawing needed for the services to the respective consultants.
III Bid Documentation– Phase III

1) The tendering of the interior works shall be aided by the architect office.
2) Negotiation with contractors shall be done by the client or representative
before awarding the final contract.
3) The final work order to the contractors shall be given from the client‘s side.
82
General Terms and Conditions:
1. Costs of all publicity materials, perspective and presentation drawings requisitioned

other than the architect‘s shall be borne by the clients.
2. In case of outstation, Mrs. Krithika Subrahmaniam and Mrs. Dharanija Ramakrishnan
– Business class Air Travel and 5 Star Accommodation. Other Staff – Air Travel and 3
– 4 Star accommodation to be provided by client. Local conveyance to be arranged
by client.
83
3) Schedule of fees:
Professional Fees : We will be charging a lumpsum fee of Rs.30 lacs for the
project. Service tax @ 12.36% will be charged extra.
Retainer Advance :10% plus service tax.

Conceptual design finalization :10% plus service tax.
Release of working drawings :15% plus service tax.
Tender processing :15% plus service tax.
Order placement (furniture & other material) :15% plus service tax.
During execution of work :15% plus service tax.
Before handover :15% plus service tax.
Upon submission of as built Drawing : 5% plus service tax.
84
4) The services will involve the following:
Vii) Senior Architect one meeting at every stage.

Viii) Project Designer One meeting of One and half hours every month at site or
at Office.
Ix) Site Engineer 2 reviews of One and Half hours every week at site.
X) Drawings shall be provided in duplicate at relevant stages. Extra copies will
be charged at actual.
xi) Local T&C shall be reimbursed at the rate of Rs.5 per km for travel from
point to point.
5) Project progress will be reported to the client in writing once a month

prepared by Site Engineer attested by the Project Architect.
85
7) Extra inputs can be provided as required by the client at any stage to monitor the
project and billed at actual.
8) Time is the Essence of the Contract. The Services are available until NOVEMBER
2008 only for the full fees amount .
After NOVEMBER 2008 the Architect shall be settled in full to extend/ continue the
service. The architect shall bill the client Rs 50,000 /- Per month as additional Retainer
if the work execution at site delays to be paid on the first day of every month .
9) The Architect shall furnish details to the client in the form of specifications and
drawings. Non performance of contractors shall not delay the Architects payment
schedule
10) Bills presented by the Architect shall be cleared within 7 working days by the client.
The Architect reserves the right to hold drawings, details and suspend site services for
the period of delay in clearing the bill .
11) Services shall resume only if bills are honored by the client within
the stipulated time period.
86
ACCEPTED BY: ACCEPTED BY:
Mrs.Krithika Subrahmanian
Proprietrix
TRANSFORM DESIGN
Old.No.104/1 New.No.42.
Dr.Ranga Road
Mylapore, Chennai - 600 004.
87
Budget
Cost •Actual vs. Baseline Variance
•Cost overrun explanations
Project
Scope changes from last project
Status Scope Mgmt. review
•Actual vs. Baseline Variance

•Project file link for more info
Schedule
88
ARCHIVAL MUSEUM
for
SHYAMA CHARAN LAHIRI FOUNDATION
Project Report
Prepared by: Ar.KrithikaSubrahmanian
©
These drawings are under copyright and are property of Trans-Form Design. None of the drawings and related documents can be reproduced, copied in whole or part without prior 89
expressed written consent of Trans-Form Design. These drawings cannot be handed over to a third party or used for any purpose, other than that for which it has been loaned. After
fulfilling the purpose of issue the drawings shall be returned to Trans-Form Design. Project : Sri Soumya Acharya

Lahiri

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ARCHIVAL MUSEUM

Incarnation- 30 September 1828 - Ghurnigram, West Bengal, India

(Bengali:Shêma Chôron Lahiṛi), best known as Lahiri Mahasaya (September

To keep the purity of the teachings of Lahiri Mahasaya,the

2.1 Why the Archival Museum?

• Typically the trustees recognized their custodial responsibility toward the

2.3 How will the institution benefit?

When established the archived material and the premises become a

2.4 What are the other uses possible?

• In-house publications, whether brochures or monographs, can draw upon

To design the built environment of the highest technical specifications and

• The purpose is to raise funds for the revitalization of the Museum +

• Cultural draw on the International Spiritual Spectrum .

The decisions taken by trustees in evaluating and formalizing the suggestions

Archives and Record Storage Buildings must be high-performance buildings

An Archives and Record Storage Building must have working environments

4.2b Visitor Support Spaces

• Lobby: central location for building entrance containing directory, schedules,

4.2c Employee Support Spaces

• Employee entrance from parking area or street: consider separate

• Compartmented storage spaces: consider fire protection and egress life

• Links archival office area with all compartmented archive spaces

• Utility service entry rooms

Design of storage buildings is challenging because they tend to be large

• The extent of public exposure and visitation

The high-performance archives and record storage building should be

• Archive and record storage buildings must contain flexible storage

4.3e Technical Connectivity

Technology has become an indispensable tool for organizational operations

4.3f Safety and Security

5.1 Electronic Media

An extensive inventory of older archive and record storage facilities represents

6.1 SITE SELECTION CRITERA

The proposal will be a Class A construction super specified in finishes to

6.2a SITE (2.5 ACRES)

6.2b.1 ARCHIVE TEMPERORY STORAGE - 4000 sft

6.2b.3 MATERIAL STORAGE SHEDS - 1500 sft

Security Block - 200 SFT

6.2c .2 Main Archive Block (20000 SFT)

Visitor Support Spaces - 8000 sft

Offices - 2000 sft

TWIN COTTAGE 1500 SFT

6.2C4 LANDSCAPE AND OPEN SPACES

ROADS&PATH 20% OF THE SITE AREA

6.2C5 SERVICE AREAS

AIRCONDITIONING EQUIPMENT SPACES 1500 SFT

22 PLUMBING AND SANITARY 5000000.00 Highest standards of

23 PUMPS ,GENERATORS ,UPS 5000000.00 Double Backup provisions for zero

FIRE FIGHTING SYSTEM DETECTION

TOTAL 166400000.00 INR 66

SL NAME OF BLOCK TOTAL AMOUNT REMARKS

1. PRIME CONSULTANT -TRANSFORM DESIGN –ARCHITECTURAL

The project should be reviewed by a Review Committee comprising of a

6.7 PROJECT SCHEDULE

The Scope of Services will be as per industry standards.

Project Management Consultancy and other Services Consultants will be fixed

SCOPE OF ARCHITECT'S WORK:

The Design Services to the Project under consideration are as listed .

II Design development phase – Phase II

1. We will coordinate with consultants and approving their design.

Professional Fees - We will be charging a design fee of INR 30 Lakh towards

Retainer Advance :10% plus service tax.

i. Senior Architect (Mrs.Krithika Subrahmanian) One meeting at each stage at