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ABSTRACT INTRODUCTION
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International Conference on Breakthrough in Engineering, Science & Technology– 2016 (INC-BEST’16)
compressed inert gases. Pneumatic systems are capable of providing the power (or) energy
widely used systems in industry. While they are requirements and the control system
used widely in the industry, the system (although equally pneumatic control systems
components like pumps, valves, cylinders are may be economic and can be
always became investigation topics in the advantageously applied to other forms of
history. power).The main advantage of an all
pneumatic system are usually economic and
Pneumatic cylinders are one of the most
simplicity the later reducing maintenance to a
common components of the pneumatic systems
low level. It can also have outstanding
used in many engineering applications like -
advantages in terms of safety.
automatic manufacturing and montage lines,
heavy construction equipments, control systems, PRODUCTION OF COMPRESSED
sensitive measurement and test systems. They AIR :
are used for producing linear motion in the
pneumatic systems and they convert pneumatic Pneumatic systems operate on a supply
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International Conference on Breakthrough in Engineering, Science & Technology– 2016 (INC-BEST’16)
4. Hack saw
control unit: It is used control the solenoid by
5. Air compressor ON and OFF valve. To the requirement of air
6. Handle flow in further way to in and out for the working
of pneumatic cylinder.
7.Pressure Regulator
Solenoid value: controls the flow of pressurized Maximum air pressure-- 12 bar
air from the source to the selected port. Some
valves permit free exhaust from the port not
selected. These valves can be actuated either
manually or electrically (the valves typically
provided in the FIRST kits use dual solenoids to
change the direction of the valve, based on input
signals from the control system).
should be as strong and rigid as possible. The The cylinder should be enclosed to get
efficiency and economy of the machine the applied pressure from the compressor and act
primarily depends on the working of the piston. on the pinion. The cylinder is thus closed by the
It must operate in the cylinder with a minimum cover plates on both the ends such that there is
of friction and should be able to withstand the no leakage of air. An inlet port is provided on
high compressor force developed in the cylinder the top cover plate and an outlet ports on the
and also the shock load during operation. bottom cover plate. There is also a hole drilled
for the movement of the piston. The cylinder
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International Conference on Breakthrough in Engineering, Science & Technology– 2016 (INC-BEST’16)
cover plate protects the cylinder from dust and the pneumatic system; the directional valve does
other particle and maintains the same pressure this by changing the position of its internal
that is taken from the compressor. The flange movable parts.
has to hold the piston in both of its extreme
positions. The piston hits the top plate during the
return stroke and hits the bottom plate during
end of forward stroke. So the cover plates must
be strong enough to withstand the load.
SOLENOID VALVE :
Technical Data:
Inlet ports of the solenoid valve
Size : 5/2”
5/2 spring return solenoid valve designed
Pressure : 0 to 10 kg / cm2 in CATIA
Media : Air PARTS OF A SOLENOID VALVE:
Purpose: 1. COIL
This valve is used to speed up the piston The solenoid coil is made of copper
movement and also it acts as a one – way wire. The layers of wire are separated by
restriction valve which means that the air can pass insulating layer. The entire solenoid coil is
through only one way and it can‟t return back. By covered with a varnish that is not affected by
using this valve the time consumption is reduced solenoid moisture. Cutting oil or often fluids.
because of the faster movement of the piston. The coils are rated in various voltages such as 115
directional valve is one of the important parts of a volts AC, 230volts AC, 460volts AC,575volts
pneumatic system commonly known as DCV. This AC. 6volts DC,12volts DC,24 volts DC,115volts
value is used to control the direction of air flow in
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International Conference on Breakthrough in Engineering, Science & Technology– 2016 (INC-BEST’16)
DC & 230 volts DC. They are designed for such WORKING OF SOLENOID VALVE:
frequencies as 50Hz to 60 Hz.
The solenoid valve has 5 openings. These
3. SOLENOID PLUNGER
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International Conference on Breakthrough in Engineering, Science & Technology– 2016 (INC-BEST’16)
POSITION -2
When the spool is actuated towards outer Connectors for cylinder designed in CATIA
direction port „P‟ gets connected to ‟B‟ and „S‟
remains closed while „A‟ gets closed to „R‟.
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International Conference on Breakthrough in Engineering, Science & Technology– 2016 (INC-BEST’16)
R2 = Pressure regulator
=(π/4)x(0.025)2
= 0.000490m2
WORKING PRINCIPLE :
B1
cutting stroke. At the end of the cutting stroke
4 2
14 air from the solenoid valve reaches the rear end
S1
5 1 3
of the cylinder block.
1 2
area is less due to the presence of piston rod.
This exerts greater pressure on the piston,
pushing it at a faster rate thus enabling faster
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