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IV Year – II SEMESTER
3+1 0 3
ELECTIVE - IV
ld
UNIT I
OVERVIEW OF WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORKS:
Key definitions of sensor networks, Advantages of sensor Networks, Unique
constraints an challenges, Driving Applications, Enabling Technologies for
or
Wireless Sensor Networks.
ARCHITECTURES:
Single-Node Architecture - Hardware Components, Energy Consumption of
Sensor Nodes, Operating Systems and Execution Environments, Network
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Architecture -Sensor Network Scenarios, Optimization Goals and Figures of
Merit, Gateway Concepts.
UNIT II
NETWORKING Technologies:
Physical Layer and Transceiver Design Considerations, Personal area
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UNIT-III
MAC Protocols for Wireless Sensor Networks:
Issues in Designing a MAC protocol for Ad Hoc Wireless Networks, Design
goals of a MAC Protocol for Ad Hoc Wireless Networks, Classifications of
MAC Protocols, Contention - Based Protocols, Contention - Based Protocols
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UNIT-IV
ROUTING PROTOCOLS:
Introduction, Issues in Designing a Routing Protocol for Ad Hoc Wireless
Networks, Classification of Routing Protocols, Table –Driven Routing
Protocols, On – Demand Routing Protocols, Hybrid Routing Protocols,
Routing Protocols with Efficient Flooding Mechanisms, Hierarchical Routing
Protocols, Power – Aware Routing Protocols, Proactive Routing.
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UNIT-V
TRANSPORT LAYER AND SECURITY PROTOCOLS:
Introduction, Issues in Designing a Transport Layer Protocol for Ad Hoc
Wireless Networks, Design Goals of a Transport Layer Protocol for Ad Hoc
Wireless Networks, Classification of Transport Layer Solutions, TCP Over
Ad Hoc Wireless Networks, Other Transport Layer Protocol for Ad Hoc
Wireless Networks.
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UNIT- VI
SECURITY IN WSNs:
Security in Ad Hoc Wireless Networks, Network Security Requirements,
Issues and Challenges in Security Provisioning, Network Security Attacks,
Key Management, Secure Routing in Ad Hoc Wireless Networks.
or
SENSOR NETWORK PLATFORMS AND TOOLS:
Sensor Node Hardware – Berkeley Motes, Programming Challenges, Node-
level software platforms, Node-level Simulators, State-centric programming.
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APPLICATIONS of WSN:
S Ultra wide band radio communication, Wireless fidelity systems. Future
directions, Home automation, smart metering Applications.
TEXT BOOKS:
1. Ad Hoc Wireless Networks: Architectures and Protocols - C. Siva Ram
Murthy and B.S.Manoj, 2004, PHI
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REFERENCES:
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T P C
IV Year – II SEMESTER
3+1 0 3
CELLULAR AND MOBILE COMMUNICATIONS
UNIT I
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CELLULAR MOBILE RADIO SYSTEMS: Introduction to Cellular
Mobile System, Performance criteria, uniqueness of mobile radio
environment, operation of cellular systems, Hexagonal shaped cells, Analog
and Digital Cellular systems.
or
ELEMENTS OF CELLULAR RADIO SYSTEM DESIGN : General
description of the problem, concept of frequency channels, Co-channel
Interference Reduction Factor, desired C/I from a normal case in a Omni
directional Antenna system, Cell splitting, consideration of the components
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of Cellular system.
UNIT II
INTERFERENCE : Introduction to Co-Channel Interference, real time Co-
Channel interference, Co-Channel measurement, design of Antenna system,
Antenna parameters and their effects, diversity receiver, non-cochannel
interference-different types. CELL COVERAGE FOR SIGNAL AND
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TRAFFIC: Signal reflections in flat and hilly terrain, effect of human made
structures, phase difference between direct and reflected paths, constant
standard deviation, straight line path loss slope, general formula for mobile
propagation over water and flat open area, near and long distance propagation
antenna height gain, form of a point to point model.
UNIT III
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UNIT IV
FREQUENCY MANAGEMENT AND CHANNEL ASSIGNMENT:
Numbering and grouping, setup access and paging channels channel
assignments to cell sites and mobile units, channel sharing and borrowing,
sectorization, overlaid cells, non fixed channel assignment.
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UNIT V
Handoff, dropped calls and cell splitting, types of handoff, handoff invitation,
delaying handoff, forced handoff, mobile assigned handoff. Intersystem
handoff, cell splitting, micro cells, vehicle locating methods, dropped call
rates and their evaluation.
UNIT VI
DIGITAL CELLULAR NETWORKS : GSM architecture, GSM channels,
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multiplex access scheme, TDMA, CDMA.
TEXTBOOKS :
1. Mobile Cellular Telecommunications – W.C.Y. Lee, Tata McGraw Hill,
or
2rd Edn., 2006.
2. Principles of Mobile Communications – Gordon L. Stuber, Springer
International 2nd Edition, 2007.
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REFERENCES :
1. Wireless Communications - Theodore. S. Rapport, Pearson education,
2nd Edn., 2002.
2. Wireless and Mobile Communications – Lee McGraw Hills, 3rd Edition,
2006.
3. Mobile Cellular Communication – G Sasibhushana Rao Pearson
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T P C
IV Year – II SEMESTER
3+1 0 3
ELECTRONIC MEASUREMENTS AND INSTRUMENTATION
UNIT I
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Performance characteristics of instruments, Static characteristics, Accuracy,
Resolution, Precision, Expected value, Error, Sensitivity. Errors in
Measurement, Dynamic Characteristics-speed of response, Fidelity, Lag and
Dynamic error. DC Voltmeters- Multi-range, Range extension/Solid state and
or
differential voltmeters, AC voltmeters- multi range, range extension, shunt.
Thermocouple type RF ammeter, Ohmmeters series type, shunt type, Multi-
meter for Voltage, Current and resistance measurements.
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UNIT II
Signal Generator- fixed and variable, AF oscillators, Standard and AF sine
and square wave signal generators, Function Generators, Square pulse,
Random noise, sweep, Arbitrary waveform. Wave Analyzers, Harmonic
Distortion Analyzers, Spectrum Analyzers, Digital Fourier Analyzers.
UNIT III
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UNIT IV
AC Bridges Measurement of inductance- Maxwell’s bridge, Anderson
bridge. Measurement of capacitance -Schearing Bridge. Wheat stone bridge.
Wien Bridge, Errors and precautions in using bridges. Q-meter.
UNIT V
Transducers- active & passive transducers : Resistance, Capacitance,
inductance; Strain gauges, LVDT, Piezo Electric transducers, Resistance
Thermometers, Thermocouples, Thermistors, Sensistors.
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UNIT VI
Measurement of physical parameters force, pressure, velocity, humidity,
moisture, speed, proximity and displacement. Data acquisition systems.
TEXTBOOKS :
1. Electronic instrumentation, second edition - H.S.Kalsi, Tata McGraw
Hill, 2004.
2. Modern Electronic Instrumentation and Measurement Techniques –
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A.D. Helfrick and W.D. Cooper, PHI, 5th Edition, 2002.
REFERENCES :
1. Electronic Instrumentation & Measurements - David A. Bell, PHI, 2nd
or
Edition, 2003.
2. Electronic Test Instruments, Analog and Digital Measurements -
Robert A.Witte, Pearson Education, 2nd Ed., 2004.
3. Electronic Measurements & Instrumentations by K. Lal Kishore,
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Pearson Education - 2005.
OUTCOMES
The student will be able to
• Select the instrument to be used based on the requirements.
•
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T P C
IV Year – II SEMESTER
3+1 0 3
ELECTIVE – III
SATELLITE COMMUNICATIONS
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UNIT I
INTRODUCTION : Origin of Satellite Communications, Historical Back-
ground, Basic Concepts of Satellite Communications, Frequency allocations
for Satellite Services, Applications, Future Trends of Satellite
or
Communications.
UNIT II
ORBITAL MECHANICS AND LAUNCHERS: Orbital Mechanics, Look
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Angle determination, Orbital perturbations, Orbit determination, launches
and launch vehicles, Orbital effects in communication systems performance.
UNIT III
SATELLITE SUBSYSTEMS : Attitude and orbit control system, telemetry,
tracking, Command and monitoring, power systems, communication
subsystems, Satellite antenna Equipment reliability and Space qualification.
TU
UNIT IV
SATELLITE LINK DESIGN : Basic transmission theory, system noise
temperature and G/T ratio, Design of down links, up link design, Design of
satellite links for specified C/N, System design example.
MULTIPLE ACCESS: Frequency division multiple access (FDMA)
Intermodulation, Calculation of C/N. Time division Multiple Access
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UNIT V
EARTH STATION TECHNOLOGY : Introduction, Transmitters,
Receivers, Antennas, Tracking systems, Terrestrial interface, Primary power
test methods.
LOW EARTH ORBIT AND GEO-STATIONARY SATELLITE
SYSTEMS: Orbit consideration, coverage and frequency considerations,
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TEXT BOOKS:
1. Satellite Communications – Timothy Pratt, Charles Bostian and Jeremy
Allnutt, WSE, Wiley Publications, 2nd Edition, 2003.
or
2. Satellite Communications Engineering – Wilbur L. Pritchard, Robert A
Nelson and Henri G.Suyderhoud, 2nd Edition, Pearson Publications,
2003.
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REFERENCES :
1. Satellite Communications : Design Principles – M. Richharia, BS
Publications, 2nd Edition, 2003.
2. Satellite Communication - D.C Agarwal, Khanna Publications, 5th Ed.
3. Fundamentals of Satellite Communications – K.N. Raja Rao, PHI, 2004
TU
JNTU World
Code No: RT42041 R13 Set No. 1
RT42041
IV B.Tech II Semester Regular Examinations, April/May - 2017
CELLULAR MOBILE COMMUNICATION
(Electronics and Communication Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Max. Marks: 70
Question paper consists of Part-A and Part-B
Answer ALL sub questions from Part-A
Answer any THREE questions from Part-B
*****
PART–A (22 Marks)
1. a) Explain the concept of Cell splitting [3]
b) What is Co-channel Interference Reduction Factor [4]
c) Roof mounted antennas. [3]
d) Compare the Omni cells and sectorized cells [4]
e) What is the commonly used formula for interference limited system. [4]
f) What are main subsystems of GSM architecture? [4]
PART–B (3x16 = 48 Marks)
2. a) Describe the digital cellular land mobile systems and the limitations of AMPS
standard. [8]
b) During a busy hour the no. of calls per hour Qi for each 10 cells is 2000,1500,
3000, 500, 1000, 1200, 1800, 3200, 2600, 800. Assume that 60% of the car
phones will be used during this period and that one call is made per car phone.
Find the no. of customers in the system. [8]
6. a) Explain the following terms: i) Mobile Assisted Handoff ii) Soft Handoff
iii) Delaying Handoff iv) Cellsite Handoff [8]
b) What are the different factors that limit the size of splitting cells? [8]
7. a) Discuss some of the reservation based multiple access protocols for wireless
networks, with suitable illustrations. [8]
b) What are the channel types of GSM system? Explain [8]
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Code No: RT42041 R13 Set No. 2
IV B.Tech II Semester Regular Examinations, April/May - 2017
CELLULAR MOBILE COMMUNICATION
(Electronics and Communication Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Max. Marks: 70
Question paper consists of Part-A and Part-B
Answer ALL sub questions from Part-A
Answer any THREE questions from Part-B
*****
PART–A (22 Marks)
1. a) What is the difference between long term and short term fading. [4]
b) Explain real time Co- Channel interference. [3]
c) Explain vertically oriented mobile antennas. [3]
d) What are the advantages of sectorized cells? [4]
e) Define the General formula for noise limited system. [4]
f) What are the channel types of GSM system? [4]
PART–B (3x16 = 48 Marks)
2. a) Differentiate the analog & digital cellular systems with their operating
capacities. [8]
b) Mention the two frequency reuse schemes and explain N-Cell reuse pattern
in detail for four & seven cell reuse with illustrative diagrams. [8]
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Code No: RT42041 R13 Set No. 3
IV B.Tech II Semester Regular Examinations, April/May – 2017
CELLULAR MOBILE COMMUNICATION
(Electronics and Communication Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Max. Marks: 70
Question paper consists of Part-A and Part-B
Answer ALL sub questions from Part-A
Answer any THREE questions from Part-B
*****
PART–A (22 Marks)
1. a) What are the limitations of conventional mobile telephone system [3]
b) Explain the phase difference between direct and reflected paths [3]
c) Explain horizontally oriented mobile antennas. [4]
d) Explain about paging channels. [4]
e) Define Handoff. What are the different types of handoffs? [4]
f) What are the interfaces used in the GSM? [4]
PART–B (3x16 = 48 Marks)
2. a) Explain the significance of following cellular concepts in detail
i) Interference ii) System Capacity [8]
b) If the maximum no of calls per hour Qi in one cell be 5000 and an average
calling time T be 1.76 min. The blocking probability is 2%. Find the
offered load. If Qi is 30000. Find the offered load compare this with no. of
channels by using Erlang B model charts. [8]
3. a) Explain the designing of the directional antenna, for k=4, k=12 and k=7 with
all suitable values explaining each of them, consider a noise margin of 6dB. [8]
b) With neat sketch explain about Signal reflections in flat and hilly terrain. [8]
4. a) Draw the symmetrical difference pattern and compare it with symmetrical sum
pattern. [8]
b) Explain about Umbrella pattern antennas. [8]
5. a) What are the different techniques to utilize the frequency spectrum, give a brief
explanation? [8]
b) Explain in detail access channels and operational techniques. [8]
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Code No: RT42041 R13 Set No. 4
IV B.Tech II Semester Regular Examinations, April/May – 2017
CELLULAR MOBILE COMMUNICATION
(Electronics and Communication Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Max. Marks: 70
Question paper consists of Part-A and Part-B
Answer ALL sub questions from Part-A
Answer any THREE questions from Part-B
*****
PART–A (22 Marks)
1. a) Explain the different parts of basic cellular system [3]
b) Define frequency reuse distance [3]
c) Draw the antenna equivalent circuit [4]
d) Explain about access channels. [4]
e) Define a dropped call rate and explain how it differ from blocked call? [4]
f) What is BCCH and CCCH? [4]
PART–B (3x16 = 48 Marks)
2. a) Explain delay spared, coherence bandwidth and amplifier noise in mobile radio
environment. [8]
b) Explain how co-channel interference is measured in real time mobile
radio transceivers. [8]
3. a) Explain about the co-channel interference reduction factor and derive the general [8]
formula for C/I.
b) Briefly explain about multiple knife edge diffraction. [8]
6. a) What are the different types of handoffs? Explain how to implement them? [8]
b) How the dropped call rate is related to the capacity and voice quality. [8]
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Code No: RT42042 R13 Set No. 1
IV B.Tech II Semester Regular Examinations, April/May – 2017
ELECTRONIC MEASUREMENTS AND INSTRUMENTATION
(Electronics and Communication Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Max. Marks: 70
Question paper consists of Part-A and Part-B
Answer ALL sub questions from Part-A
Answer any THREE questions from Part-B
*****
PART–A (22 Marks)
1. a) Give a classification of voltmeters [4]
b) Distinguish between spectrum analyzer and harmonic distortion analyzer [4]
c) Explain The concept of Triggered Sweep CRO along with circuit diagram [3]
d) List out the different Limitations of Wheatstone’s Bridge in detail [4]
e) Draw the circuit diagram of Photo Transistor and explain its output
characteristics [3]
f) Explain the concept of Data acquisition systems in detail [4]
PART–B (3x16 = 48 Marks)
2. a) Explain the following terms in detail
(i) Accuracy (ii) Resolution (iii) Precision (iv) Expected value [8]
b) The following values are obtained from the measurements of the value of a
resistor:147.2 , 147.4 , 147.9 , 147.1 , 147.5 , 147.6 , 147.4 , 147.6 ,
147.5 . Calculate a) Arithmetic mean b) Average deviation c) Standard
Deviation [8]
3. a) What is AF oscillators and explain its operation along with circuit diagram. [8]
b) Draw the circuit diagram of Digital Fourier Analyzers and explain its operation. [8]
4. a) Explain the Measurement procedure of Lissajous patterns with one example [8]
b) Explain the principle and working of a storage oscilloscope.
[8]
5. a) Explain the operation of Maxwell’s Bridge and derive the condition for balance
of a Bridge. [8]
b) In the case of Hay's Bridge one arm has resistance of 10KΩ .Another arm has a
resistance of 6.7KΩ. The third arm 8KΩ in series with a capacitor of 0.5µF.
Determine the values of the elements Rx and Lx in the fourth arm. [8]
7. a) With the help of a neat sketch explain the principle and working of
Electromagnetic Flow meter. What are the advantages and Limitations of this
Method? [8]
b) Briefly explain the working principles and measurement of force by any two
nonelectric techniques? [8]
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Code No: RT42042 R13 Set No. 2
IV B.Tech II Semester Regular Examinations, April/May - 2017
ELECTRONIC MEASUREMENTS AND INSTRUMENTATION
(Electronics and Communication Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Max. Marks: 70
Question paper consists of Part-A and Part-B
Answer ALL sub questions from Part-A
Answer any THREE questions from Part-B
*****
PART–A (22 Marks)
1. a) Explain the procedure how to find Errors in Measurement with example [4]
b) List out the difference between fixed frequency and variable AF oscillator in
detail. [3]
c) Define deflection sensitivity of a CRT? [4]
d) Define Quality factor and give the expressions for the inductive and capacitive [4]
Quality factors.
e) Explain Primary and secondary Transducers [3]
f) Explain any one of the method for the measurement of humidity? [4]
PART–B (3x16 = 48 Marks)
2. a) Explain the following terms in detail
(i) speed of response (ii) Fidelity (iii) Lag and Dynamic error. [8]
b) List out different AC voltmeters and explain the working of any one voltmeter in [8]
detail.
3. a) Draw the circuit diagram of Sweep generator and explain its operation in detail [8]
b) Define a wave analyzer and classify them. Explain the working of a Resonant
Wave Analyzer. [8]
4. a) Explain the concept of Storage oscilloscope along with circuit diagram [8]
b) Draw the circuit diagram of Sampling oscilloscope and explain its operation n
detail. [8]
5. a) Draw the circuit diagram of Schering’s Bridge and explain the operation of it. [8]
b) Explain the “parallel-connection” method of using Q-meter and Obtain the
expressions for resistance, reactance and Q factor. [8]
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Code No: RT42042 R13 Set No. 3
IV B.Tech II Semester Regular Examinations, April/May - 2017
ELECTRONIC MEASUREMENTS AND INSTRUMENTATION
(Electronics and Communication Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Max. Marks: 70
Question paper consists of Part-A and Part-B
Answer ALL sub questions from Part-A
Answer any THREE questions from Part-B
*****
PART–A (22 Marks)
1. a) Draw the series type Ohmmeter and explain its operation [4]
b) Draw the Basic wave analyzer and explain its operation [4]
c) List out the different Futures of CRT in detail [3]
d) Derive the balance condition of Bridge. [4]
e) List out difference between active and passive transducer in detail [4]
f) Explain piezo electric effect. [3]
4. a) Draw the circuit diagram of Dual Trace oscilloscope and explain its operation in
detail. [8]
b) Explain various types of probes used for CRO. [8]
5. a) Draw the circuit of Wien Bridge and derive the expression for bridge balance. [8]
b) In the case of a Schering Bridge, arm Ac has R=4.7kΩ. Arm CD has unknown
elements. Arm BD has C=0.1µF Arm AB=4.7KΩ is shunt with 1MF. Determine
Values of components is the arm CD. [8]
6. a) What is Thermistor and explain its importance along with advantages of it [8]
b) Draw the Linear variable differential Transducer and explain its operation in
detail. [8]
7. a) Define Humidity and give a classification. Explain the procedure for the
measurement of humidity. [8]
b) Explain in detail about the stroboscope for the measurement of speed. [8]
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Code No: RT42042 R13 Set No. 4
IV B.Tech II Semester Regular Examinations, April/May - 2017
ELECTRONIC MEASUREMENTS AND INSTRUMENTATION
(Electronics and Communication Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Max. Marks: 70
Question paper consists of Part-A and Part-B
Answer ALL sub questions from Part-A
Answer any THREE questions from Part-B
*****
PART–A (22 Marks)
1. a) Define and derive static and Dynamic error [4]
b) Explain the concept of Digital Fourier Analyzer in detail [4]
c) Explain the basic principal of CRO in detail [3]
d) List out the different Precautions to be taken when using a Bridge with one
example [4]
e) Explain the different Advantages of Electrical Transducers in detail [4]
f) How does pirani gauge differ from thermocouple gauge in operating principle [3]
3. a) Draw the block diagram of a signal generator and explain its operation. [8]
b) Explain the concept of Wien’s Bridge method of Harmonic Distortion Analyzer
along with circuit diagram. [8]
4. a) Explain the Vertical amplifier section of CRT along with Block diagram. [8]
b) An electrically deflected CRT has a final Anode voltage of 2000V and parallel [8]
deflecting plates of 1.5cm long and 5mm apart. If the screen is 50cm from the
centre of the deflecting plates, Find a) Beam speed b) Deflection sensitivity of
the tube and c) Deflection factor of the tube.
5. a) Draw the Anderson Bridge and derive the expression for the unknown
inductance. What are the salient features of this bridge circuit? [8]
b) Quantitatively explain about a bridge which is used for the measurement of the
High Quality factor values. [8]
6. a) Explain the Resistive position Transducer along with circuit diagram. [8]
b) List out different types of Strain Gauges used Transducer and explain any one in [8]
detail.
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Code No: RT42043A R13 Set No. 1
IV B.Tech II Semester Regular Examinations, April/May - 2017
SATELLITE COMMUNICATION
(Electronics and Communication Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Max. Marks: 70
Question paper consists of Part-A and Part-B
Answer ALL sub questions from Part-A
Answer any THREE questions from Part-B
*****
PART– A (22 Marks)
1. a) List the applications of satellites [4]
b) Write short notes on orbital perturbations. [3]
c) Write short notes on satellite antennas. [3]
d) Describe the basic principle of DAMA. [4]
e) Explain the delay and throughput considerations of MEO satellites. [4]
f) Write short notes on GPS receiver operation. [4]
3. a) What are two approaches used for equipment reliability in the event of failure of
communication capacity of the satellite? Explain [8]
b) What are look angles? How do you determine? Explain with the help of neat
diagrams [8]
5. a) Discuss various modulation and multiplexing techniques used with satellite links [8]
b) Explain the design procedure of satellite communication link. [8]
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Code No: RT42043A R13 Set No. 2
IV B.Tech II Semester Regular Examinations, April/May - 2017
SATELLITE COMMUNICATION
(Electronics and Communication Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Max. Marks: 70
Question paper consists of Part-A and Part-B
Answer ALL sub questions from Part-A
Answer any THREE questions from Part-B
*****
PART– A (22 Marks)
1. a) Discuss the satellite development in India [4]
b) What are the various forces acting on the satellite in the orbit? Explain with
necessary expressions. [3]
c) Write short notes on equipment reliability in a satellite system. [3]
d) What is intermodulation in FDMA? [4]
e) Describe the system design considerations of GEO satellites. [4]
f) Write short notes on GPS codes. [4]
PART– B (3x16 = 48 Marks)
2. a) Explain the functions of space segment and ground segment of a satellite system. [8]
b) What is an Eclipse? How it affects the satellite function? Explain the way by
which the satellite functions normally. [8]
3. a) Explain as to how a satellite is placed into geostationary orbit from earth? [8]
b) Discuss the procedure for launches and launch vehicles for spacecrafts. [8]
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Code No: RT42043A R13 Set No. 3
IV B.Tech II Semester Regular Examinations, April/May - 2017
SATELLITE COMMUNICATION
(Electronics and Communication Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Max. Marks: 70
Question paper consists of Part-A and Part-B
Answer ALL sub questions from Part-A
Answer any THREE questions from Part-B
*****
PART– A (22 Marks)
1. a) Define Keplers laws and list the orbital elements of a satellite [4]
b) A satellite is in an elliptical orbit with a perigee of 1000km and an apogee of
4000km. find the period of the orbit and eccentricity of the orbit. [3]
c) Write short notes on the power systems used in the spacecraft. [3]
d) Derive the expression for link equation. [4]
e) Explain the coverage considerations of GEO satellites. [4]
f) Describe the applications of GPS. [4]
3. a) What are the different launch vehicle selection factors? Explain [8]
b) Draw and explain the simplified single conversion transponder (bent pipe) for
6/4 GHz band [8]
4. a) Discuss in detail Altitude and orbit control system for a spacecraft. [8]
b) What are the four main types of antennas used in satellites? Explain any two with
neat diagrams [8]
5. a) Derive the power received from the satellite at the earth station from the basic
transmission theory. [8]
b) Explain in detail about the Time division Multiple Access (TDMA) Frame
structure. [8]
6. a) Explain briefly about the transmitters and receivers used in satellite earth station? [8]
b) What are different satellite constellation designs? Explain any two of them. [8]
7. a) Write notes on GPS Navigation Message and GPS signal levels. [8]
b) Write short notes on GPS Receivers and codes. [8]
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Code No: RT42043A R13 Set No. 4
IV B.Tech II Semester Regular Examinations, April/May - 2017
SATELLITE COMMUNICATION
(Electronics and Communication Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Max. Marks: 70
Question paper consists of Part-A and Part-B
Answer ALL sub questions from Part-A
Answer any THREE questions from Part-B
*****
PART– A (22 Marks)
1. a) Explain the brief history of Satellite communications. [4]
b) Explain the different orbital effects in satellite communication system
performance. [3]
c) Explain the orbit control system for a spacecraft. [3]
d) Derive the expression for system noise temperature in a satellite receiver. [4]
e) With a neat diagram explain the various functions of earth station tracking
system. [4]
f) Describe the various sources of errors of a GPS signal. [4]
PART– B (3x16 = 48 Marks)
2. a) List the various frequency bands being used in satellite communication.
Compare the advantages and disadvantages of different bands considering
the effects of propagation media. [16]
3. a) Discuss the factors which determine the choice of orbit for a communication
satellite. [8]
b) Define elevation angle and derive the expression for it. [8]
4. a) With the help of a neat diagram, explain the functions of TTC&M system. [8]
b) Explain the operation of a 14/11 GHz transponder with a neat diagram. [8]
6. a) Define a Geostationary satellite and explain the frequency considerations for the
same. [8]
b) Write notes on Delay & Throughput considerations for a geo stationary satellite. [8]
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Code No: RT42044A R13 Set No. 1
IV B.Tech II Semester Regular Examinations, April/May - 2017
WIRELESS SENSORS AND NETWORKS
(Common to Electronics & Communication Engineering, Electronics & Instumentation
Engineering and Electronics & Computer Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Max. Marks: 70
Question paper consists of Part-A and Part-B
Answer ALL sub questions from Part-A
Answer any THREE questions from Part-B
*****
PART–A (22 Marks)
1. a) Write the advantages of sensor networks [4]
b) Define node and draw PANs topology. [4]
c) Write other MAC protocols. [4]
d) How does adhoc network differ from wireless networks? Define. [4]
e) What is the function of transport layer? [3]
f) Write the Smart metering applications [3]
4. a) With relevant examples explain any two MAC layer protocols in Wireless Sensor
Networks [8]
b) What are the Design goals of a MAC Protocol for Ad Hoc Wireless Networks? [8]
5. a) Explain the difference between Proactive routing protocols and Reactive routing
protocols. [8]
b) Give the classification of routing protocol based on routing topology [8]
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Code No: RT42044A R13 Set No. 2
IV B.Tech II Semester Regular Examinations, April/May - 2017
WIRELESS SENSORS AND NETWORKS
(Common to Electronics & Communication Engineering, Electronics & Instumentation
Engineering and Electronics & Computer Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Max. Marks: 70
Question paper consists of Part-A and Part-B
Answer ALL sub questions from Part-A
Answer any THREE questions from Part-B
*****
PART–A (22 Marks)
1. a) write the merits and demerits of Sensor Networks [4]
b) What are the difference between sensor network and MANET? [4]
c) List out the applications of wireless sensor networks. [4]
d) Define routing protocol. [3]
e) Write about security protocol. [4]
f) Write the Future directions of WSN [3]
3. a) Explain in detail about the different types of MANET routing Algorithms [8]
b) Compare the topologies of PANs and WANETs. [8]
4. a) What is the principle behind scheduled based protocol? Explain any one schedule
based protocol. [8]
b) What are the different Contention based protocols, write about CSMA Protocol. [8]
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Code No: RT42044A R13 Set No. 3
IV B.Tech II Semester Regular Examinations, April/May - 2017
WIRELESS SENSORS AND NETWORKS
(Common to Electronics & Communication Engineering, Electronics & Instumentation
Engineering and Electronics & Computer Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Max. Marks: 70
Question paper consists of Part-A and Part-B
Answer ALL sub questions from Part-A
Answer any THREE questions from Part-B
*****
PART–A (22 Marks)
1. a) Define the sensor networks. [3]
b) What are the applications needed in a MANET? [4]
c) Write about MAC protocols. [4]
d) Write about adhoc wireless networks. [3]
e) the classification of transport layer [4]
f) Write the applications of wireless sensor networks [4]
6. a) Explain what are the other transport layer protocol for AdHoc wireless networks. [8]
b) What are the challenges in transport layer for AdHoc networks? [8]
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Code No: RT42044A R13 Set No. 4
IV B.Tech II Semester Regular Examinations, April/May - 2017
WIRELESS SENSORS AND NETWORKS
(Common to Electronics & Communication Engineering, Electronics & Instumentation
Engineering and Electronics & Computer Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Max. Marks: 70
Question paper consists of Part-A and Part-B
Answer ALL sub questions from Part-A
Answer any THREE questions from Part-B
*****
PART–A (22 Marks)
1. a) Write different types of applications, Wireless sensor networks are used? [4]
b) What is mobile ad-hoc network? [3]
c) Differentiate between contention based protocols and schedule based protocols. [4]
d) Classify routing protocols. [4]
e) What is TCP? [3]
f) Write the Applications of ultra wide band radio communication [4]
4. a) Explain the issues in Designing a MAC protocol for Ad Hoc Wireless Networks. [8]
b) Write about the MAC protocol that uses Directional Antennas [8]
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