Environmental Planning Course for Architects

CAPABILITY)BUILDING)COURSE)ON)ENVIRONMENTAL)PLANNING)
UNITED)ARCHITECTS)OF)THE)PHILIPPINES)
PROFESSIONAL)DEVELOPMENT)COMMISSION)
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1.!HE!WROTE!THE!BOOKS!EKISTICS!IN!1968!AND!ECUMENOPOLIS!IN!1975.!
A. PETER!HALL!
B. LEWIS!MUMFORD!
C. DOXIADIS!
D. LE!CORBUSIER!
!
2.!HE!WROTE!THE!BOOK!IMAGE!OF!THE!CITY.!
A. DOXIADIS!
B. KEVIN!LYNCH!
C. PATRICK!GEDDIES!
D. EBENEZEER!HOWARD!
!
3.!SUGGEST!AN!AGROPOLITAN!OF!CONCENTRATING!DEVELOPMENT!ACTIVITIES!IN!RURAL!DISTRICTS!WITH!FROM!
ABOUT!50,000!TO!150,000!PEOPLE.!
A. FREIDMAN!AND!DOUGLAS!
B. BARRY!PARKER!
C. PETER!HALL!
D. DOXIADIS!
!
4.!EARLY!PIONEER!OF!THE!CONCEPT!OF!NODAL!REGION.!PROMOTER!OF!GARDEN!CITY!MOVEMENT!
A. LEWIS!MUMFORD!
B. EBENEZEER!HOWARD!
C. PETER!HALL!
D. KEVIN!LYNCH!
!
5.!BUILT!THE!FIRST!CITY!GARDEN!“LETCHWORH”!IN!1920.!
A. UNWIND!RAYMUND/BARRY!PARKER!
B. FREIDMAN!AND!DOUGLAS!
C. LE!CORBUSIER!
D. FRANK!LLOYD!WRIGHT!
!
6.!HE!PREPARED!THE!GREATER!LONDON!PLAN!OF!1944!
A. FRANK!LLOYD!WRIGHT!
B. ABERCROMBIE!
C. LEWIS!MUMFORD!
D. PETER!HALL!
!
7.!HIS!WORK!AS!A!BIOLOGIST!AND!STUDY!OF!HUMAN!ECOLOGY!LED!TO!A!SYSTEMATIC!STUDY!OF!FORCES!THAT!
WERE!SHAPING!GROWTH!AND!CHANGE!IN!MODERN!CITIES.!
A. LEWIS!MUMFORD!
B. PATRICK!LEWIS!
C. PATRICK!GEDDES!
D. KEVIN!LYNCH!
!
8.!A!FOLLOWER!OF!THE!IDEAS!OF!PATRICK!GEDDES,!HE!WROTE!THE!BOOK!CULTURE!OF!CITIES.!
A. LEWIS!MUMFORD!
B. PATRICK!LEWIS!
C. KEVIN!LYNCH!
D. PETER!HALL!
!
9.!HE!DEVELOPED!A!LOW!DENSITY!URBAN!SPRAWL!CALLED!“BROADACRE!CITY”.!
A. ABERCROMBIE!
B. PATRICK!LEWIS!
C. PATRICK!GEDDIES!
D. FRANK!LLOYD!WRIGHT!
!
10.!PROPOSED!TO!DEVELOP!ALONG!AN!AXIS!OF!HIGH!SPEED,!HIGH!INTENSITY!TRANSPORTATION!AND!UTILITY!
SYSTEMS!AND!HOUSE!ALONGSIDE.!HE!CALLED!SUCH!DEVELOPMENT!“LINEAR!CITY”.!
A. SORIA!Y!MATA!
B. LEWIS!MUMFORD!
C. KEVIN!LYNCH!
D. PETER!HALL!
!
11.!THE!MAIN!PLAZA!AND!SMALLER!PLAZAS!SHOULD!BE!SURROUNDED!BY!THESE!PRINCIPAL!BLDG.!
i. PRINCIPAL!CHURCH!
ii. ROYAL!AND!TOWN!COUNCIL!HOUSE!
iii. CUSTOM!HOUSE!
iv. ARSENAL!
v. LODGING!HOUSE!
A. i,!ii,!&!iii!
B. ii,!iii,!&!iv!
C. iii,!iv,!&!v!
D. iv,!v,!&!i!
!
12.!THE!FOLLOWING!CAN!BE!CONSIDERED!AS!THE!CONTRIBUTION!OF!THE!SPANISH!PERIOD!TO!PHILIPPINE!
PLANNING!KNOWLEDGE:!
i.!INTRAMUROS!
ii.!THE!PLAZA!COMPLEX!
iii.!THE!GRID!LAYOUT!
iv.!CHURCHES!
v.!FRIAR!LANDS!
A. ii!&!iii!
B. I,!ii,!iii,!&!iv!
C. iii,!iv,!&!v!
D. iv,!v,!&!i!
E. iv,!v,!&!ii!
!
13.!WHICH!OF!THE!FOLLOWING!ARE!NOT!ECOSYSTEMS?!
i. COASTAL/MARINE!
ii. FOREST!
iii. BIODIVERSITY!
iv. MINES!
v. LOWLAND!
A. i!&!ii!
B. ii!&!iii!
C. iii!&!iv!
D. iv!&!v!
!
14.!IT!IS!THE!DIVISION!OF!THE!LOCALITY!INTO!DISTRICTS!TO!REGULATE!LAND!USE!IN!ACCORDANCE!TO!CLUP.!
A. COMMUNITY!PLANNING!
B. DISTRICT!PLANNING!
C. ZONING!
D. AREA!PLANNING!
!
15.!THE!LOCAL!GOVT.!CODE!OF!1991!MANDATES!THAT!THE!PLANNING!PROCESS!BE:!
i. TECHNOCRATIC!
ii. PARTICIPATORY!
iii. INCLUSIVE!
iv. CONSULTATIVE!
v. POLITICALLYNMOTIVATED!
A. i,!ii,!&!iii!
B. ii,!iii!&!iv!
C. iii,!vi!&!v!
D. ii,!iv!&!v!
E. ALL!OF!THE!ABOVE!
!
16.!THE!FUNCTIONS!OF!THE!LOCAL!GOVT.!INCLUDE!THE!FOLLOWING:!
i.!FORMULATE!LONG!TERM,!MEDIUM!TERM!&!ANNUAL!SOCIONECONOMIC!DEVELOPMENT!PLANS!&!POLICIES!
ii.!APPRAISE!AND!PRIORITIZE!SOCIO!ECONOMIC!DEVELOPMENT!PROGRAMS!&!PROJECTS!
iii.!COORDINATE,!MONITOR!&!EVALUATE!THE!IMPLEMENTATION!OF!DEVELOPMENT!PROGRAMS!&!PROJECTS!
iv.!PREPARE!THE!EXECUTIVE!BUDGET!FOR!ENSUING!FISCAL!YEAR.!
A. i,!ii!&!iii!
B. ii,!iii!&!iv!
C. iii,!iv!&!v!
D. iv,!ii!&!i!
!
17.!THE!TERRITORIAL!JURISDICTION!OF!ANY!LOCAL!GOVT.!TERRITORY!MAY!BE!CLASSIFIED!INTO!THREE!MAJOR!
“DIVISIONS”.!THESE!ARE!:!
A. ANCESTRAL!DOMAIN,!STRATEGIC!AGRICULTURAL!&!FISHERIRES!DEV.!ZONE!AND!TIMBERLANDS!
B. ANCESSTRAL!DOMAIN,!LANDS!OF!THE!PUBLIC!DOMAIN,!COASTAL!MGMT.!ZONE!
C. LANDS!OF!THE!PRIVATE!DOMAIN,!ANCESTRAL!DOMAIN!AND!LANDS!OF!THE!PUBLIC!DOMAIN!
D. FOREST!LANDS,!SETTLEMENT!AREAS!AND!INFRASTRUCTURE.!
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18.!PLANNING!IS!A!CYCLICAL!AND!ITERATIVE!PROCESS.!WHAT!STEP!IN!THE!MULTINSECTORAL!PLANNING!PROCESS!
SERVES!AS!THE!LINK!BETWEEN!A!“SUCCESSOR”!&!“PREDECESSOR”!PLAN,!OR!LINK!BETWEEN!TWO!PLANNING!
CYCLES:!
A. INVESTMENT!AND!PROGRAMMING!
B. DETERMINE!THE!VISIONNREALITY!GAP!
C. PLAN!MONITORING!&!EVALUATION!
D. BUDGETING!
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19.!IT!IS!AN!APPROACH!TO!UNDERSTANDING!THE!ENVIRONMENTAL!AND!NATURAL!RESOURCES!SECTOR!ADOPTS!
THE!ORGANIZATIONAL!STRUCTURE!OF!THE!DENR!WHEREIN!ONE!SECTOR!CORRESPONDS!TO!ONE!BUREAU”!
A. PARAMETRIC!APPROACH!
B. SECTORAL!APPROACH!
C. ECOSYSTEM!APPROACH!
D. NONE!OF!THE!ABOVE!
!
20.!IT!IS!THE!ART!OF!ARRANGING!STRUCTURES!ON!LAND!AND!SHAPING!THE!SPACES!BETWEEN.!
A. ZONING!
B. COMPREHENSIVE!LAND!USE!PLANNING!
C. SITE!PLANNING!
D. CIVIL!ENGINEERING!&!ARCH’L.!DESIGN!
!
21.!IN!1898,!HE!WROTE!A!BOOK!ABOUT!THE!DESIGN!FOR!AN!INDUSTRIAL!CITY!WHICH!LIKE!HOWARD’S!CONCEPT,!
WAS!TO!BE!SELFNCONTAINED!NEW!SETTLEMENT!WITH!ITS!OWN!INDUSTRIES!AND!HOUSING!NEARBY.!
A. TONY!GARNIER!
B. LEWIS!MUMFORD!
C. PETER!HALL!
D. LE!CORBUSIER!
!
22.!KNOWN!FOR!HIS!“UNITE’!DE!HABITATION”!AND!RADIANT!CITY.!
A. TONY!GARNIER!
B. LEWIS!MUMFORD!
C. PETER!HALL!
D. LE!CORBUSIER!
!
23.!HE!IS!ROYALTY!BUT!CONCERN!ABOUT!CIVIC!DESIGN!AND!APPEARANCE!OF!THE!BUILT!ENVIRONMENT,!
ACCOMPANIED!BY!MUCH!CRITISM!OF!MODERN!ARCHITECTURE.!
A. PRINCE!CHARLES!
B. SORIA!Y!MATA!
C. LEWIS!MUMFORD!
D. PATRICK!LEWIS!
!
24.!LEADING!PRACTITIONER!OF!“!CITY!BEAUTIFUL”!MOVEMENT.!
A. DANIEL!BURNHAM!
B. PETER!FOSTER!
C. TONY!GARNIER!
D. LE!CORBUSIER!
!
25.!PROPOSED!THE!“NEIGHBORHOOD!UNIT”!AS!A!SCHEME!FOR!ARRANGING!THE!FAMILY!LIFE!OF!COMMUNITY,!
WHERE!RESIDENTS!WERE!WITHIN!CONVENIENT!ACCESS!TO!SCHOOLS,!PLAYGROUND!AND!SHOPS.!
A. CLARENCE!PERRY!
B. DANIEL!BURNHAM!
C. LE!CORBUSIER!
D. PATRICK!LEWIS!
!
26.!SUGGESTED!DISPERSION!OF!INDUSTRIES!AND!POPULATION!THAT!LED!TO!THE!“NEW!TOWN!ACT!OF!1946”.!
A. CLARENCE!PERRY!
B. SIR!BARLOW!
C. LE!CORBUSIER!
D. PATRICK!LEWIS!
!
27.!RESPONSIBLE!IN!THE!RECONSTRUCTION!OF!PARIS!WHICH!IMPOSED!A!NEW!PATTERN!OF!BROAD!BOULEVARDS!
AND!GREAT!PARKS!ON!THE!PREVIOUS!LABYRINTH!STREET!PATTERN.!
A. GEORGE!HAUSMANN!
B. DANIEL!BURNHAM!
C. PETER!FOSTER!
D. TONY!GARNIER!
!
28.!A!PLACE!ORIENTED!APPROACH!TO!REGIONAL!ANALYSIS!THAT!CAN!BE!USED!TO!SUPPLEMENT!SECTORAL!&!
TECHNICAL!PLANNING!AS!WELL!AS!PEOPLENORIENTED!APPROACHES!TO!SOCIAL!SERVICES.!
A. APPROACHES!PLANNING!
B. COMPREHENSIVE!LAND!USE!PLANNING!
C. SITE!PLANNING!
D. CIVIL!ENGINEERING!AND!ARCH’L.!DESIGN!
!
29.!AN!APPROACH!BASED!ON!THE!ARGUMENT!THAT!URBAN!GROWTH!CENTERS,!EVEN!MARKET!TOWNS!AND!
INTERMEDIATE!SIZE!CITIES!ARE!PARASITIC,!THAT!THEY!ALLOW!TOWN!BASE!ELITES,!LARGE!CORPORATIONS!AND!
CENTRAL!GOVT.!AGENCIES!TO!EXPLOIT!THE!RURAL!POPULATION!AND!TO!DRAIN!RURAL!AREAS!OF!THEIR!
RESOURCES.!
A. DECENTRALIZED!TERRITORIAL!APPROACH!
B. GROWTH!POLE!CONCEPT!
C. SITE!PLANNING!
D. URBAN!RENEWAL!
!
30.!A!SPATIAL!DEVELOPMENT!CONCEPT!THAT!SUGGEST!THAT!BY!INVESTING!HEAVILY!IN!CAPITAL!ITENSIVES!
INDUSTRIES!IN!THE!LARGEST!URBAN!CENTERS,!GOVT.!IN!DEVELOPING!COUNTRIES!CAN!STIMULATE!GROWTH!!
THAT!WILL!SPREAD!OUTWARD!TO!GENERATE!REGIONAL!DEVT.!THE!ECONOMIES!OF!SCALE!FOUND!IN!THE!
LARGEST!CITIES.!
A. GROWTH!POLE!CONCEPT!
B. NEONCLASSICISM!
C. GENTRIFICATION!
D. SPRAWL!
!
31.!ACCORDING!TO!BURRA!CHARTER,!IT!MEANS!MAINTAINING!THE!FABRIC!OF!THE!PLACE!IN!ITS!EXISTING!STATE!
AND!RETARDING!ITS!DETERIORATION.!IT!ENCOMPASSES!CONSERVATION!ACTIVITIES!THAT!CONSOLIDATE!AND!
MAINTAIN!THE!EXISTING!FORM,!MATERIAL!AND!INTEGRITY!OF!A!RESOURCE!WHICH!INCLUDE!THE!SHORTNTERM!
PROTECTIVE!MEASURES!AS!WELL!AS!LONGNTERM!ACTIONS!TO!PREVENT!DETERIORATION!OR!PREVENT!DAMAGE.!
A. RECONSTRUCTION!
B. REHABILITATION!
C. PRESERVATION!
D. RENOVATION!
!
32.!THE!PHIL.!CONST.!STATES!THAT,!“CONGRESS!SHALL!GIVE!THE!HIGHEST!PRIORITY!TO!THE!ENACTMENT!OF!
MEASURES!THAT!WILL!PROTECT!AND!ENHANCE!THE!RIGHT!OF!ALL!PEOPLE!TO!HUMAN!DIGNITY,!REDUCE!SOCIAL!
AND!ECONOMIC!INEQUITIES!BY!EQUITABLY!DIFFUSING!WEALTH!&!POLITICAL!POWER!FOR!THE!COMMON!GOOD.!
TO!THIS!END,!THE!STATE!SHALL!REGULATE!THE!ACQUISITION,!OWNERSHIP,!USE!AND!DISPOSITION!OF!PROPERTY!
AND!ITS!INCREMENTS”.!WHICH!OF!THE!POWERS!MENTIONED!IS!DEVOLVED!TO!THE!LOCAL!GOVT.!UNITS?!
A. ACQUISITION!
B. OWNWERSHIP!
C. USE!
D. DISPOSITION!
!
33.!IT!IS!A!LIST!OF!PROJECTS,!AND!ACTIVITIES!FOR!PLANNED!FINANCING!THAT!ESTABLISHES!THE!LINK!BETWEEN!
THE!LOCAL!DEVT.!PLAN!AND!THE!BUDGET.!!IT!IS!THE!PRINCIPAL!INSTRUMENT!FOR!IMPLEMENTING!THE!
COMPREHENSIVE!DEVELOPMENT!PLAN!AND!TO!SOME!EXTENT,!SOME!ASPECTS!OF!THE!COMPREHENSIVE!LAND!
USE!PLAN.!
A. LOCAL!EXPENDITURE!PROGRAM!
B. LOCAL!DEVT.!INVESTMENT!PLAN!
C. SYNCHRONIZED!LOCAL!PRINTING!AND!BUDGETING!CALENDAR!
D. EXECUTIVE!BUDGET!
!
34.!INVESTMENT!IN!THE!LOCAL!GOVT!FINANCES!IS!WHAT!IS!LEFT!AFTER!DEDUCTING!ALL!EXPENSES!NECESSARY!
TO!RUN!THE!GOVT!MACHINERY,!TO!SATISFY!THE!CLAIMS!OF!CREDITORS!IF!PUBLIC!DEBT!HAS!BEEN!INCURRED,!
AND!TO!COMPLY!WITH!STATUTORY!RESERVES.!UNLIKE!IN!HOUSEHOLD!FINANCE,!HWOEVER,!WHERE!SAVINGS!
MUST!FIRST!BE!REALIZED!BEFORE!SUCH!SAVINGS!ARE!CONVERTED!INTO!INVESTMENT,!INVESTMENT!IN!PUBLIC!
FINANCE!DOES!NOT!HAVE!TO!BE!SAVINGS!FIRST.!INVEST!IN!THE!LGU!BUDGET!IS!A!REGULAR!OUTLAY!THAT!HAS!
TO!BE!FUNDED!WHETHER!OR!NOT!EXCESS!OVER!OPERATIONS!(SAVINGS)!IS!REALIZED.!WHAT!IS!THAT!REGULAR!
SOURCE!OF!DUNDS!THAT!ALLOWS!A!LOCAL!GOVT!UNIT!TO!IMPLEMENT!PROJECTS!WHETHER!OR!NOT!IT!HAS!
SAVINGS?!
A. COUNTRYWIDE!DEVT!FUND!
B. PRIORITY!DEVT!ASSISTANCE!FUND!
C. 20%!OF!INTERNAL!REVENUE!ALLOTMENT!
D. CONGRESSIONAL!ALLOCATION!OR!“PORK!BARREL”!
!
35.!WHICH!LOCAL!SPECIAL!BODY!DETERMINES!THE!LEVEL!OF!THE!ANNUAL!EXPENDITURES!AND!CEILINGS!OF!
SPENDING!FOR!ECONOMIC,!SOCIAL,!AND!GENERAL!SERVICES!BASED!ON!THE!APPROVED!LOCAL!DEVT!PLANS?!
A. THE!LOCAL!TREASURER’S!OFFICE!
B. THE!LOCAL!PLANNING!AND!DEVELOPMENT!OFFICE!
C. THE!FISCAL!MGMT!OFFICE!
D. THE!LOCAL!FINANCE!COMMITTEE!
36.!ONE!OF!THE!STRATEGIES!TO!GENERATE!FUNDS!FOR!LOCAL!DEVT!INVESTMENT!IS!THROUGH!THE!IMPOSITION!
OF!THIS!TYPE!OF!TAX!ON!THE!LANDS!WITHIN!THE!TERRITORIAL!JURISDICTION!OF!PROVINCE,!CITY!OR!
MUNICIPALITY!SPECIALLY!BENEFITTED!BY!PUBLIC!WORKS!PROJECTS!OR!IMPROVEMENTS!FUNDED!BY!THE!LOCAL!
GOVT!UNIT!CONCERNED.!
A. IDLE!LAND!TAX!
B. SPECIAL!EDUCATION!
C. SPECIAL!LEVY!
D. ALL!OF!THE!ABOVE!
!
37.!THE!FOLLOWING!MODALITIES!ARE!ALLOWED!BY!THE!LOCAL!GOVT!CODE!FOR!RAISING!REVENUES!OR!
SOURCING!OF!FUNDS!FOR!LOCAL!DEVT!PROJECTS.!
A. CONTRACTING!FOR!LOANS,!CREDIT!AND!OTHER!FORMS!OF!INDEBTEDNESS!WITH!ANY!GOVT!OR!
DOMESTIC!PRIVATE!BANK!AND!SIMILAR!LENDING!INSTITUTION.!
B. DEFERRED!PAYMENT!AND!SIMILAR!FINANCIAL!SCHEMES!FOR!LAND!ACQUISITIONS,!AMONG!OTHER!
THINGS!
C. BORROWING!FROM!THE!NATIONAL!GOVT!THROUGH!ITS!RELENDING!INSTITUTIONS!USING!FUNDS!
SECURED!FROM!FOREIGN!SOURCES!
E. NONE!OF!THE!ABOVE!
!
38.!THE!LOCAL!PLAN!WITH!WHICH!CITIES!AND!MUNICIPALITIES!PROMOTE!THE!GENERAL!WELFARE!OF!ITS!
INHABITANTS!AND!ENSURE!THE!DELIVERY!OF!BASIC!SERVICES!&!FACILITIES!IN!THEIR!CAPACITY!AS!A!CORPORATE!
ENTITY!IS:!
A. POVERTY!REDUCTION!ACTION!PLAN!
B. COMPREHENSIVE!DEV.!PLAN!
C. PLAN!FOR!THE!YOUTH!&!ELDERLY!
!
39.!THE!RECLASSIFICATION!OF!THE!LAND!FROM!AGRICULTURAL!TO!URBAN!USE!IS!ALLOWED!UNDER!SECTION!20!
OF!THE!LOCAL!GOVT!CODE!OF!1991!UNDER!THE!FOLLOWING!CONDITIONS:!
1. WHEN!THE!LAND!CEASES!TO!BE!ECONOMICALLY!FEASIBLE!AND!SOUND!FOR!AGRICULTURAL!
PURPOSES!AS!DETERMINED!BY!THE!!DEPT!OF!AGRICULTURE.!
2. WHEN!THE!LAND!SHALL!HAVE!SUBSTANTIALLY!GREATER!ECONOMIC!VALUE!FOR!RESIDENTIAL,!
COMMERCIAL,!OR!INDUSTRIAL!PURPOSES,!AS!DETERMINED!BY!THE!SANGGUNIAN.!
3. WHEN!THE!PROVINCIAL!GOVERNOR!SO!DESIRES!
4. WHEN!THE!GOVERNOR!OR!MAYOR!ORDERS!SUCH!RECLASSIFICATION!
!
A. 1!&!2!
B. 2!&!3!
C. 3!&!4!
D. 1!&!4!
!
40.!RECLASSIFICATION!OF!AGRICULTURAL!LAND!SHALL!BE!LIMITED!TO!THE!FOLLOWING!PERCENTAGE!OF!THE!
TOTAL!AGRICULTURAL!LAND!AREA!IN!HIGHLY!URBANIZED!AND!INDEPENDENT!CITIES!AT!THE!TIME!OF!THE!
PASSAGE!OF!THE!ORDINANCE.!
A. 20%!
B. 25%!
C. 15%!
D. 30%!
41.!THIS!REFERS!TO!LAND!OCCUPIED,!POSSESSED!AND!UTILIZED,!FAMILIES!AND!CLANS!WHO!ARE!MEMBERS!OF!
THE!INDIGENOUS!CULTURAL!COMMUNITIES/INDIGENOUS!PEOPLE!SINCE!TIME!IMMEMORIAL,!BY!THEMSELVES!
OR!THROUGH!THEIR!PREDECESSORSNINNINTEREST,!UNDER!CLAIMS!OF!INDIVIDUAL!OR!TRADITIONAL!GROUP!
OWNERSHIP!TO!THE!PRESENT!EXCEPT!WHEN!INTERRUPTED!BY!WAR,!FORCEMAJEURE!OF!DISPLACEMENT!BY!
FORCE,!DECEIT!STEALTH,!OR!AS!A!CONSEQUENCE!OF!GOVT!PROJECTS!AND!OTHER!VOLUNTARY!DEALINGS!
ENTERED!INTO!BY!THE!GOVT!&!PRIVATE!INDIVIDUALS/CORP.,!INCLUDING,!BUT!NOT!LIMITED!TO,!RESIDENTIAL!
LOTS,!RICE!TERRACES!OR!PADDIES,!PRIVATE!FOREST,!SWIDDEN!FARMS!AND!TREE!LOTS.!
A. ANCESTRAL!LANDS!
B. ANCESTRAL!DOMAIN!
C. CULTURAL!AND!HERITAGE!ZONES!
D. HISTORICAL!SITES!
!
42.!HOW!MANY!ADMINISTRATIVE!REGIONS!DO!THE!PHILS!HAVE?!
A. 12!
B. 13!
C. 15!
D. 17!
!
43.!IT!MEANS!THE!PRACTICES,!REPRESENTATIONS,!EXPRESSIONS,!KNOWLEDGE,!SKILLS!N!!AS!WELL!AS!THE!
INSTRUMENTS,!OBJECTS,!ARTIFICATS!AND!CULTURAL!SPACES!ASSOCIATED!THEREWITH!–!THAT!COMMUNITIES,!
GROUPS!AND,!IN!SOME!CASES,!INDIVIDUALS!RECOGNIZES!AS!PART!OF!THEIR!CULTURAL!HERITAGE.!
A. MUSEUM!DEVELOPMENT!
B. INTANGIBLE!HERITAGE!
C. ECONCULTURAL!TOURISM!
!
44.!A!TYPE!OF!ECOZONE!THAT!IS!NEARBY!PORTS!OF!ENTRY,!SUCH!AS!SEAPORTS!AND!AIRPORTS.!IMPORTED!
GOODS!MAYBE!UNLOADED,!REPACKED,!SORTED!AND!MANIPULATED!WITHOUT!BEING!SUBJECTED!TO!IMPORT!
DUTIES.!
A. TOURISM!AND!COMMERCIAL!
B. EXPORT!PROCESSING!ZONES!
C. ZONES!FREEPORT!
!
45.!SOME!OF!THE!BENEFITS!OF!ZONING!ARE!AS!FOLLOWS:!
1. MAXIMUM/OPTIMUM!USE!OF!ODD!LAND!BASED!ON!SUITABILITY/CAPABILITY!
2. SEGREGATION!OF!LAND!USES!THEREBY!INCREASING!TRANSPORT!MOBILITY!
3. FACILITATION!OF!COMMUNITY!PLANNING!
4. PROMOTION!OF!PUBLIC!HEALTH!&!SAFETY!THROUGH!COMPATIBLE!ARRANGEMENT!OF!VARIOUS!
LAND!USES!
5. PROMOTION!OF!THE!RATIONAL!&!ORDERLY!GROWTH!OF!THE!COMMUNITY.!
!
A. 1,!2,!3!
B. 2,!3,!4!
C. 4,!5,!1!
D. 4,!5,!2!
E. 5,!4,!2!
!
46.!WHICH!OF!THE!FOLLOWING!ARE!THE!CONCERNS!OF!INFRASTRUCTURE!DEV.!:!
1. TO!INFLUENCE!THE!ALLOCATION!&!UTILIZATION!OF!LAND!&!NATURAL!RESOURCES!CONSISTENT!
WITH!THE!PREFERRED!SPATIAL!STRATEGY.!
2. TO!ACCELERATE!CAPITAL!INFORMATION!
3. TO!CREATE!EMPLOYMENT!OPPORTUNITIES.!
4. TO!IMPROVE!THE!DELIVERY!OF!EXISTING!SOCIAL!SERVICES.!
!
A. 1,!2,!3!
B. 2,!3,!4!
C. 3,!4,!1!
!
47.!IT!IS!THE!CLASSIFICATION!&!ADMINISTRATION!OF!ALL!DESIGNATED!PROTECTED!AREAS!TO!MAINTAIN!
ESSENTIAL!ECOLOGICAL!PROCESSES!AND!LIFENSUPPORT!SYSTEMS,!TO!PRESERVE!GENETIC!DIVERSITY,!TO!ENSURE!
SUSTAINABLE!USE!OF!RESOURCES!FOUND!THEREIN,!AND!TO!MAINTAIN!THEIR!NATURAL!CONDITIONS!TO!THE!
GREATEST!EXTENT!POSSIBLE.!
A. NATIONAL!INTEGRATED!PROTECTED!AREAS!SYSTEMS!(NIPAS)!
B. ECOTOURISM!DEVELOPMENT!PLANNING!
C. SUSTAINABLE!LAND!USE!PLANNING!
D. BIODIVERSITY!PROTECTION!PLANNING!
!
48.!AS!DEFINED!UNDER!RAN7586,!IT!IS!A!GROUP!OF!PEOPLE!SHARING!COMMON!BONDS!OF!LANGUAGE,!
CUSTOMS,!TRADITIONS!AND!OTHER!DISTINCTIVE!CULTURAL!TRAITS,!AND!WHO!SINCE!TIME!IMMEMORIAL,!
OCCUPIED,!POSSESED!AND!UTILIZED!A!TERRITORY.!
A. CULTURAL!COMMUNITY!
B. INDIGENOUS!CULTURAL!COMMUNITY!
C. TRIBAL!COMMUNITY!
D. TENURED!MIGRANT!COMMUNITY!
!
49.!ACCORDING!TO!THE!NIPAS,!THEY!ARE!AREAS!OF!NATIONAL!SIGNIFICANCE!WHICH!ARE!CHARACTERIZED!BY!
THE!HARMONIOUS!INTERACTION!OF!MAN!AND!LAND!WHILE!PROVIDING!OPPORTUNITIES!FOR!PUBLIC!
ENJOYMENT!THROUGH!RECREATION!AND!TOURISM!WITHIN!THE!NORMAL!LIFESTYLE!AND!ECONOMIC!ACTIVITY!
OF!THESE!AREAS.!
A. NATIONAL!PARKS!
B. PROTECTED!LANDSCAPES/SEASCAPES!
C. ECOTOURISM!PARKS!
D. NATURAL!BIOTIC!AREAS!
!
50.!THEY!REFER!TO!ALL!AREAS!GENERALLY!BELONGING!TO!ICCs/IPs!COMPRISINGLANDS,!INLAND!WATERS,!
COASTAL!AREAS,!AND!NATURAL!RESOURCES!THEREIN,!HELD!UNDER!A!CLAIM!OF!OWNERSHIP,!OCCUPIED!OR!
POSSESSED!BY!ICC’s/IP’s,!THEMSELVES!OR!THROUGH!THEIR!ANCESTORS,!COMMUNALLY!OR!INDIVIDUALLY!SINCE!
TIME!IMMEMORIAL!CONTINOUSLY!TO!THE!PRESENT!EXCEPT!WHEN!INTERRUPTED!BY!WAR,!FORCEMAJEURE!OR!
DISPLACEMENT!BY!FORCE,!DECEIT,!STEALTH!OR!AS!A!CONSEQUENCE!OF!GOVT!PROJECTS!OR!ANY!OTHER!
VOLUNTARY!DEALINGS!ENTERED!INTO!BY!THE!GOVT!&!PRIVATE!INDIVIDUALS,!CORP.,!AND!WHICH!ARE!
NECESSARY!TO!ENSURE!THEIR!ECONOMIC,!SOCIAL!AND!CULTURAL!WELFARE.!
A. TRIBAL!LANDS!
B. ANCESTRAL!LANDS!
C. ANCESTRAL!DOMAIN!
D. CULTURAL!COMMUNITIES.!
!
51.!IT!IS!THE!DIVISION!OF!A!COMMUNITY!INTO!DISTRICTS!OR!ZONES!ACCORDING!TO!PRESENT!AND!POTENTIAL!
USE!OF!LAND!TO!MAXIMIZE,!REGULATE!AND!DIRECT!THEIR!USE!AND!DEVELOPMENT.!
A. COMPREHENSIVE!DEVELOPMENT!PLANNING!
B. ZONING!
C. LAND!USE!PLANNING!
!
52.!UNDER!THE!LOCAL!GOVT!CODE,!RECLASSIFICATION!OF!AGRICULTURAL!LAND!IN!COMPONENT!CITIES!&!FIRST!
TO!THIRD!CLASS!MUNICIPALITIES!SHALL!BE!LIMITED!TO:!
A. 10%!
B. 15%!
C. 20%!
D. 5%!
!
53.!THIS!LAW!PROVIDES!A!LIBERALIZED!ENVIRONMENT!MORE!CONDUCIVE!TO!PRIVATE!SECTOR!INVESTMENT.!
A. RAN77189!(BOT!LAW)!
B. RETAIL!TRADE!LIBERALIZATION!
C. URBAN!DEVELOPMENT!&!HOUSING!ACT!
!
54.!A!CONTRACTUAL!ARRANGEMENT!WHEREBY!THE!PROJECT!PROPONENT!UNDERTAKES!THE!FINANCING!
CONSTRUCTION!OF!A!GIVEN!INFRASTRUCTURE!OR!DEVELOPMENT!FACILITY!AND!AFTER!ITS!COMPLETION!TURNS!
IT!OVER!TO!THE!GOVT!AGENCY!OR!LOCAL!GOVT!UNIT!CONCERNED,!WHICH!SHALL!PAY!THE!PROPONENT!ON!
AGREED!SCHEDULE!ITS!TOTAL!INVESTMENTS!EXPANDED!ON!THE!PROJECT,!PLUS!A!REASONABLE!RATE!OF!RETURN!
THEREON.!
A. BUILD!AND!TRANSFER!
B. BUILD!OWN!AND!OPERATE!
C. BUILD!TRANSFER!AND!OPERATE!
D. DEVELOP,!OPERATE!AND!TRANSFER!
!
55.!THE!USE!OF!SCIENTIFIC!METHODS!AND!INFORMATION!TO!DEFINE!THE!PROBABILITY!AND!MAGNITUDE!OF!
POTENTIALLY!ADVERSE!EFFECTS!WHICH!CAN!RESULT!FROM!EXPOSURE!TO!HAZADOUS!MATERIALS!OR!
SITUATIONS.!
A. ENVIRONMENTAL!IMPACT!STATEMENT!
B. ENVIRONMENTAL!RISK!ASSESSMENT!
C. SCOPING!
!
56.!WHICH!OF!THESE!PROJECTS!REQUIRE!AN!“EIS”.!
A. GOLF!COURSE!AND!RESIDENTIAL!SUBDIVISIONS!ABOVE!10!HECTARES!
B. DRUGSTORE!AND!BACKYARD!PIGGERY!
C. PROJECTS!UNDER!KALAKALAN!20!
!
57.!A!CENTRAL!BUSINESS!DISTRICT!USUALLY!HAS!A!
A. HIGH!DAYTIME!POPULATION!
B. LARGE!CONCENTRATION!OF!OFFICES!AND!RETAIL!ACTIVITIES!
C. LARGE!DAILY!INFLOW!AND!OUTFLOW!OF!COMMUTERS!
!
58.!IF!THE!LOCATION!QUOTIENT!OF!AN!INDUSTRY!IN!A!REGION!IS!HIGH,!IT!SUGGEST!THAT:!
A. THE!DISTRIBUTION!OF!THE!INDUSTRY!IN!THE!REGION!IS!VERY!CONCENTRATED!
B. THE!DISTRIBUTION!OF!THE!INDUSTRY!IN!THE!REGION!IS!DISPERSED!
C. THE!DISTRIBUTION!OF!THE!INDUSTRY!IN!THE!REGION!DOES!NOT!DEVIATED!MUCH!FROM!THE!
DISTRIBUTION!OF!OTHER!INDUSTRIES!
D. THE!REGION!HAS!A!LARGER!SHARE!OF!THE!INDUSTRY!RELATIVE!TO!OTHER!REGIONS!
!
59.!URBAN!DEV!TENDS!TO!OCCUR!ALONG!MAJOR!TRANSPORTATION!ROUTES!REGIONS.!
A. POPULATION!TENDS!TO!CONCENTRATE!WHERE!TRANSPORTATION!ROUTES!REGIONS!
B. TRANSPORTATION!FACILITIES!TEND!TO!SERVICE!AREAS!WHERE!THERE!IS!POPULATION.!
C. BOTH!A!&!B!
!
60.!THE!RATE!USED!TO!DISCOUNT!THE!FUTURE!STREAMS!OF!ESTIMATED!COSTS!AND!BENEFITS!IS!KNOWN!AS:!
A. SOCIAL!DISCOUNT!RATE!
B. INFLATION!RATE!
C. FINANCIAL!RATE!OF!RETURN!
D. ECONOMIC!INTERNAL!RATE!OF!RETURN!
!
61.!THIS!REPRESENTS!THE!EARNING!POWER!OF!MONEY!INVESTED!IN!THE!PROJECT:!
A. INTERNAL!RATE!OF!RETURN!
B. NET!PRESENT!VALUE!
C. ANNUITY!
D. DISCOUNTING!
!
62.!________!INITIALLY!DEVELOPED!THE!CONCEPT!OF!“GROWTH!POLE!OF!REGIONS”.!
A. CHRISTALLER!
B. PERROUX!
C. LENNOIX!
D. HOWARD!
!
63.!________!IS!A!SET!OF!ACCOUNTS,!USUALLY!IN!MONETARY!FORM,!PREPARED!FOR!AN!ECONOMY!AND!WIDELY!
USED!IN!THE!ANALYSIS!OF!INDUSTRY!RELATIONSHIPS.!
A. REGIONAL!ACCOUNTS!MATRIX!
B. INPUTNOUTPUT!TABLE!
C. ECONOMIC!BASE!TABLE!
D. LOCATION!QUOTIENT!RATION!
!
64.!ONE!OF!THE!FOLLOWING!CONSISTS!OF!AN!AREA!OF!LAND,!WHICH!IS!GENERALLY!DEVELOPED!BASED!ON!A!
COMPREHENSIVE!PLAN,!ALLOCATED!FACTORY!BUILDINGS!EITHER!SOLD!OR!LEASED!FOR!MANUFACTURING!
PURPOSES.!
A. INDUSTRIAL!ESTATE!
B. INTEGRATED!AREA!DEVELOPMENT!
C. INDUSTRIAL!SUBDIVISION!
D. COMMERCIAL/INDUSTRIAL!ESTATE!
!
65.!AN!URBAN!AREA!WHICH!HAS!THE!FF.!CHARACTERISTICS:!IT!HAS!STRONG!LINKAGE!WITH!THE!ECONOMY,!IT!IS!
THE!CENTER!OF!THE!LABOR!MARKET;!IT!IS!A!MAJOR!WHOLESALE!&!RETAIL!TRADE!AREA;!IT!HAS!A!HIGH!LEVEL!OF!
TERTIARY!FUNCTIONS;!HAS!GOOD!URBAN!SYSTEM;!AND!HAS!A!POPULATION!LESS!THAT!250,00!IS!CALLED:!
A. GROWTH!CENTER!
B. METROPOLITAN!AREA!
C. MAJOR!URBAN!CENTER!
D. MINOR!URBAN!CENTER!
!
66.!A!RATIO!THAT!MEASURES!OUTPUT!PER!WORKER!IS!CALLED:!
A. LABOR!INTENSITY!
B. LABOR!PRODUCTIVITY!
C. EFFICIENCY!
D. LABOR!ENHANCEMENT!
!
67.!THE!ENFORCEMENT!OF!PDN1308!AS!WELL!AS!THE!MONITORING!AND!INSPECTION!OF!EDUCATION!
INSTITUTIONS!OFFERING!COURSES!IN!ENVIRONMENTAL!PLANNING!IS!THE!RESPONSIBILITY!OF:!
A. COMMISSION!ON!HIGHER!EDUCSTION!
B. PHILIPPINE!INSTITUTE!OF!ENVIRONMENTAL!PLANNERS!
C. BOARD!OF!ENVIRONMENTAL!PLANNING!
D. SCHOOL!OF!URBAN!AND!REGIONAL!PLANNING!
!
68.!A!CONSULTING!FIRM,!PARTNERSHIP,!COMPANY!OR!ASSOCIAATION!MAY!ENGAGE!IN!THE!PRACTICE!OF!
ENVIRONMENTAL!PLANNING!IN!THE!PHILS.,!PROVIDED!THAT:!
A. AT!LEAST!75%!OF!THE!ENTIRE!MEMBERSHIP!OF!THE!BOARD!OF!THE!ENTITY!SHALL!BE!REGISTERED!
ENVIRONMAL!PLANNERS!
B. AT!LEAST!70%!OF!THE!TOTAL!CAPITALIZATION!OF!THE!ENTITY!IS!OWNED!BY!REGISTERED!ENVIRONMAL!
PLANNERS!
C. AT!LEAST!70%!OF!THE!ENTIRE!MEMBERSHIP!OF!THE!BOARD!IS!COMPOSED!OF!EnP’s!!AND!75%!OF!THE!
CAPITALIZATION!IS!OWNED!BY!THEM!
D. AT!LEAST!75%!OF!THE!ENTIRE!MEMBERSHIP!AND!75%!OF!THE!CAPITALIZATION!IS!OWNED!BY!REGISTERED!
ENVIRONMENTAL!PLANNERS!
!
69.!THE!PRACTICE!OF!ENVIRONMENTAL!PLANNING!WITHIN!THE!PROVISIONS!OF!PDN1308!DOES!NOT!INVOLVE!
ONE!OF!THE!FF.:!
A. SITE!AND!LAND!USE!PLANNING!
B. CITY/TOWN!PLANNING!
C. FAMILY!PLANNING!
!
70.!DEMOGRAPHY!DENOTES!THE!STUDY!OF!HUMAN!POPULATION!THROUGH!STATISTICAL!METHODS.!THIS!
INVOLVES!PRIMARILY!THE!MEASUREMENT!OF!THE!SIZE!AND!INCREASES!AND!DECREASES!OF!THE!NUMBERS!OF!
PEOPLE.!THE!CONSTITUENTS!OF!THE!CHANGE!OF!THESE!NUMBERS:!
A. BIRTHS!AND!DEATHS!
B. BIRTHS!DEATHS!AND!MIGRATION!
C. BIRTHS,!ADOPTION,!MARRIAGE,!DIVORCE,!LEGAL!SEPARATION!AND!ANNULMENT!
D. BIRTH,!CITIZENSHIP,!DURATION!OF!MARRIAGE!AND!ETHNIC!ORIGIN!
!
71.!UNDER!THE!CONCEPT!OF!URBANIZED!AREAS!ARE!DEFINED!IN!THE!PHIL.!CENSUS!OF!POPULATION!AND!
HOUSING!OF!1990,!CENTRAL!DISTRICTS!OF!MUNICIAPLITIES!AND!CITIES!HAVE!A!POPULATION!DENSITY!OF!AT!
LEAST:!
A. 100!PERSONS!PER!SQUARE!KILOMETER!
B. 250!PERSONS!PER!SQUARE!KILOMETER!
C. 500!PERSONS!PER!SQUARE!KILOMETER!
D. 1,000!PERSONS!PER!SQUARE!KILOMETER!
!
72.!CERTAIN!ENVIRONMENTAL!FACTORS!AFFECT!POPULATION!DISTRIBUTION!AT!A!GIVEN!POINT!IN!TIME.!THEY!
ARE:!
A. CLIMATE!
B. LOCATION!OF!WATER,!SOIL,!ENERGY!AND!MINERAL!RESOURCES!
C. TRANSPORT!RELATIONSHIPS!
D. ALL!OF!THE!BOVE!
!
73.!SEX!RATIO!IS!DEFINED!AS:!
A. THE!NUMBER!OF!FEMALES!DIVIDED!BY!THE!NUMBER!OF!MALES,!TIMES!100!
B. THE!NUMBER!OF!MALES!DIVIDED!BY!THE!NUMBER!OF!FEMALES,!TIMES!100!
C. THE!NUMBER!OF!MALES!DIVIDED!BY!THE!NUMBER!OF!MALES,!TIMES!10!
D. THE!NUMBER!OF!FEMALES!DIVIDED!BY!THE!NUMBER!OF!MALES,!TIMES!10!
!
74.!THOMAS!ROBERT!MALTHUS!WAS!THE!FIRST!ONE!WHO!FIRST!CONCLUDED!THAT:!
A. THE!MEANS!OF!SUBSISTENCE!GREW!ONLY!AT!AN!ARITHMETIC!RATE!
B. THE!MEANS!OF!SUBSISTENCE!AND!POPULATION!BOTH!GREW!AT!AN!ARITHMETIC!RATE!
C. THE!MEANS!OF!SUBSISTENCE!AND!POPULATION!GREW!AT!AN!GEOMETRIC!RATE!
D. THE!MEANS!OF!SUBSISTENCE!GREW!ONLY!AT!AN!ARITHMETIC!RATE!WHEREAS!THE!POPULATION!TENDED!
TO!GROW!AT!A!GEOMETRIC!RATE!!!!
!
75.!WHEN!THE!AGE!AND!SEX!COMPOSITIONS!OF!MOST!POPULATIONS!ARE!PLOTTED!GRAPHICALLY,!THE!RESULT!
IS!A!“POPULATION!PYRAMID”,!THE!BROAD!BASE!REPRESENTS!THE!YOUNGEST!AGES,!AND!THE!SIDES!GRADUALLY!
SLOPE!TOWARD!A!POINT,!REPRESNTING!THE!DECREASE!BROUGHT!ABOUT!BY!DEATHS!IN!EACH!SUCESSIVE!AGE!
GROUP.!THE!PYRAMID!REPRESENTS:!
A. A!STATISTICS!PICTURE!BECAUSE!IT!FREEZES!THE!CONTINOUS!ACTION!OF!MORTALITY,!FERTILITY,!AND!
MIGRATION!AT!A!PARTICULAR!MOMENT!IN!TIME!
B. A!UNIFORM!INCREASE!IN!ALL!AGE!BRACKETS!OVER!A!PERIOD!OF!TIME.!
C. MIGRATION!AND!FERTILITY!TRENDS!
!
76.!IN!MANY!METROPOLITAN!CENTERS!IN!THE!DEVELOPING!WORLD,!THE!LARGEST!COMPONENT!OF!URBAN!
POPULATION!GROWTH!IS:!
A. BIRT!
B. INNMIGRATION!
C. INCREASE!IN!TERRITORIAL!
!
77.!METRO!MANILA!IS!CONSIDERED!A!PRIMATE!CITY!BECAUSE:!
A. IT!IS!THE!HIGHEST!URBAN!CENTER!OF!THE!COUNTRY!
B. IT!CONTAINS!THE!COUNTRY’S!PRIMARY!CENTRAL!BUSSINESS!DICTRICT!
C. IT!HAS!A!VERY!LARGE!POPULATION!COMPARED!TO!ALL!OTHER!URBAN!CENTERS!OF!THE!COUNTRY!
D. IT!IS!A!METROPOLITAN!CENTER!
!
78.!ANCESTRAL!DOMAIN!REFERS!TO!AREAS!THAT:!
A. BELONGS!TO!ICCs/IPPs!COMPRISING!LANDS,!INLAND!WATERS,!COASTAL!AREAS!AND!NATURAL!
RESOURCES!THEREIN!
B. ARE!WITHIN!PROTECTED!AREAS!WHICH!HAVE!ACTUALLY!BEEN!OCCUPIED!BY!COMMUNITIES!FOR!5!YEARS!
BEFORE!THE!DESIGNATION!OF!THE!SAME!AS!PROTECTTED!AREAS!IN!ACCORDANCE!WITH!THE!NIPAS!ACT!
C. ARE!SET!ASIDE!TO!ALLOW!THE!WAY!OF!LIFE!OF!SOCIETIES!LIVING!IN!HARMONT!WITH!THE!ENVIRONMENT!
TO!ADAPT!TO!MODERN!TECHNOLOGY!AT!THEIR!PACE!
D. ARE!EXTENSIVE!AND!RELATIVELY!ISOLATED!AND!UNINHABITED!AREA!NORMALLY!WITH!DIFFICULT!
ACCESS.!
!
79.!THE!LAW!THAT!PROVIDES!FOR!THE!ESTABLISHMENT!THE!MANAGEMENT!OF!NATIONAL!INTEGRATED!
PROTECTED!AREAS!SYSTEM!IS:!
A. RA!8371!
B. RA!7586!
C. RA!7279!
!
80.!RAN8435!OF!THE!AGRICULTURE!AND!FISHERY!MODERNIZATION!ACT!(AFMA)!OF!1997!STRIVES!TO!PROVIDE!
FULL!AND!ADEQUATE!SUPPORT!TO!THE!SUSTAINABLE!DEVELOPMENT!OF!A!HIGHLY!MODERNIZED!AGRICULTURE!
AND!FISHERY!INDUSTRY!IN!THE!PHILS.!UNDER!AFMA,!ONE!OF!THE!FF.!HAS!BEEN!DENPRIORITIZED:!
A. IDENTIFICATION!AND!ESTABLISHMENT!OF!MODEL!FARMS!
B. ONNFARM!PRODUCTION!ENHANCEMENT!TECHNOLOGIES!
C. SMALL!SCALE!IRRIGATION!SYSTEMS!
D. RESEARCH,!DEVELOPMENT!AND!TRAINING!FACILITIES!
!
81.!ALONG!WITH!THE!NETWORK!OF!PROTECTED!AREAS!FOR!AGRICULTURE!&!AGRONINDUSTRIAL!DEVELOPMENT!
(NPAAAD),!IT!PROVIDES!THE!PHYSICAL!BASIS!FOR!THE!PLANNING!OF!SUSTAINABLE!AGRICULTURE!AND!FISHERY!
DEVELOPMENT!AND!IN!THE!IDENTIFICATION!OF!SUITABLE!CROPS,!LIVESTOCK!AND!FISHES!THAT!CAN!BE!
ECONOMICALLY!GROWN!AND!COMMERCIALLY!DEVELOPED!FOR!LOCAL!AND!INTERNATIONAL!MARKETS!
WITHOUT!CREATING!IRREVERSIBLE!ENVIRONMENTAL!AND!HUMAN!HELATH!PROBLEMS.!
A. THE!WATERSHED!AREAS!
B. COMPREHENSIVE!LAND!USE!PLAN!
C. INTEGRATED!AREA!DEVELOPMENT!
D. STRATEGIC!AGRICULTURE!AND!FISHERY!DEVELOPMENT!ZONE!
!
82.!THE!FACTORS!FOR!ANALYZING!TRADITIONAL!LOCATION!THEORY!ARE:!
A. THE!COST!OF!MARKETING!AND!ADVERTISING!
B. LABOR!WAGES!
C. THE!COST!OF!TRANSPORTING!RAW!MATERIALS!TO!THE!FACTORY!AND!FINISHED!GOODS!TO!THE!MARKET!
!
83.!IF!THE!Gini!Coefficient!OF!AN!INDUSTRY’S!DISTRIBUTION!IS!CLOSE!TO!ZERO,!IT!SUGGESTS!THAT:!
A. THE!DISTRIBUTION!OF!THE!INDUSTRY!IN!THE!REGION!IS!VERY!CONCENTRATED!
B. THE!DISTRIBUTION!OF!THE!INDUSTRY!IN!THE!REGION!IS!DISPERSED!
C. THE!DISTRIBUTION!OF!THE!INDUSTRY!IN!THE!REGION!DOES!NOT!DEVIATE!MUCH!FROM!THE!
DISTRIBUTION!OF!OTHER!INDUSTRIES!
D. THE!REGION!HAS!A!LARGER!SHARE!OF!THE!INDUSTRY!RELATIVE!TO!OTHER!REGIONS!
!
84.!LAND!USE!CHANGES!IN!LARGE!AND!DEVELOPED!CITIES!IS!LARGELY!A!FUNCTION!(RESULT)!OF!:!
A. GOVERNMENT!LAND!USE!AND!ZONING!POLICIES!
B. EXISTING!AND!EXPECTED!LAND!VALUES!
C. DEMAND!FOR!HOUSING!
D. FOREIGN!INVESTMENTS!
!
85.!THE!BEST!MEASURE!OF!THE!PROJECT’S!ECONOMIC!WORTHINESS!AND!ITS!ADAPTATION!AS!A!BASIS!FOR!
PROJECT!ACCEPTABILITY!IS:!
A. NET!PRESENT!VALUE!
B. DISCOUNTED!RATE!
C. EIR!(ECONOMIC!INTERNAL!RATE)!
D. FIRR!(FINANCIAL!INVESTMENT!RETURN!RATE)!
!
86.!THE!STANDARD!DISTANCE!OF!A!COMMERCIAL!ACTIVITY!FROM!AN!EDUCATION!CENTER!SHOULD!BE!
A. 15!MINS!BY!PUBLIC!TRANSPORT!
B. 15!MINS!BY!PRIVATE!TRANSPORT!
C. 30!MINS!BY!MIN.!TRAVEL!TIME!BY!PUBLIC!TRANSPORT!
D. 60!MINS!TRAVEL!TIME!BY!PUBLIC!TRANSPORT!
!
87.!A!TOOL!OF!ANAYLYSIS!DEVELOPED!AS!AN!EFFECTIVE!WAY!OF!CHOOSING!BETWEEN!ALTERNATIVE!PLANNING!
OPTIONS!BY!ENSURING!THE!OPTIMUM!ALLOCATION!OF!AVAILABLE!RESOURCES!AND!MAXIMUM!WELFARE!TO!
THE!COMMUNITY!IS:!
A. COSTNBENEFIT!ANALYSIS!
B. LINEAR!PROGRAMMING!
C. SHIFTNSHARE!ANALYSIS!
D. SENSITIVITY!ANALYSIS!
!
88.!LAND!USE!CONVERSION!IS!LIMITED!BY!RECLASSIFICATION!CEILING!UNDER!VARIOUS!LEGAL!ISSUANCES,!e.g.,!
LOCAL!GOVT!CODE.!UNDER!THE!AFMA,!ONLY!5%!OF!THE!SAFDDC!AREAS!MAYBE!CONVERTED!TO!OTHER!USES,!
WHILE!THE!LDC!LIMITS!TO:!
A. 15%!OF!THE!AGRICULTURAL!LAND!IN!HIGHLY!URBANIZED!AND!INDEPENDENT!COMPONENT!CITIES!
B. 10%!OF!TOTAL!ARABLE!LAND!IN!ANY!TOWN!
C. 5%!OF!TOTAL!ARABLE!LAND!IN!THE!CITY!
!
89.!THE!FIRST!INDUSTRIAL!ESTATE!IN!THE!COUNTRY,!WHICH!BECAME!OPERATIONAL!IN!1972,!WAS!THE:!
A. BATAAN!IE!
B. DASMARINAS!IE!
C. MACTAN!IE!
D. SAPANG!PALAY!IE!
!
90.!THIS!IS!THE!FIRST!PLACE!WHERE!THE!FIRST!EXPORT!PROCESSING!ZONE!IN!THE!WORLD!WAS!ESTABLISHED.!
A. PUERTO!RICO!
B. INDIA!
C. TAIWAN!
D. KOREA!
!
91.!THIS!STRATEGY!AIMS!TO!PROMOTE!GREATER!COMPLEMENTARY!BETWEEN!AGRICULTURE!AND!INDUSTRY!
BETWEEN!URBAN!AND!RURAL!SECTORS.!
A. COUNTRYSIDE!AGRONINDUSTRIAL!DEVELOPMENTS!
B. NATIONAL!COUNCIL!FOR!INTEGRATED!AREA!DEVELOPMENT!
C. NATIONWIDE!AGRONINDUSTRIAL!AREA!DEVELOPMENT!
!
92.!THIS!STRATEGY!REFERS!TO!A!SITUATION!WHERE!AN!INDUSTRY!THROUGH!THE!FLOW!OF!GOODS!AND!INCOME!
STIMULATES!THAT!DEVELOPMENT!AND!GROWTH!OF!THE!INDUSTRIES!THAT!ARE!TECHNICALLY!RELATED!TO!IT,!
AND!DETERMINES!THE!PROSPERITY!OF!THE!TERTIARY!SECTOR!OR!STIMULATES!AN!INCREASEE!OF!THE!REGIONAL!
INCOME.!
A. GROWTH!POLE!
B. INDUSTRIAL!POLARIZATION!
C. INDUSTRIAL!DECENTRALIZATION!
D. INDUSTRIAL!LOCATION!
!
93.!EBENEZER!HOWARD,!THE!MOST!INFLUENTIAL!AMONG!THE!GREAT!THINKERS!IN!MODERN!URBAN!AND!
REGIONAL!PLANNING,!WROTE!THIS!FAMOUS!BOOK,!FIRST!PUBLISHED!IN!1898.!
A. GARDEN!CITIES!
B. GARDEN!OF!TOMORROW!
C. TOMORROW!CITIES!
D. GARDEN!CITIES!OF!TOMORROW!
!
94.!PATRICK!GEDDES,!A!SCOT!BIOLOGIST!WHO!IS!ACKNOWLEDGE!AS!THE!FATHER!OF!THE!REGIONL!PLANNING!
SET!FORTH!HIS!IDEAS!IN!HIS!MASTERPIECE!ENTITLED:!
A. CITIES!AND!REGIONS!
B. CITIES!IN!EVOLUTION!
C. CITIES!IN!EVOLUTIONARY!CHANGE!
D. REVOLUTION!IN!CITIES!
!
95.!KEVIN!LYNCH!STRESSES:!
A. A!CONCEPTUAL!SYSTEM!FOCUSING!ON!URBAN!FORM!
B. A!COMMUNICATIONS!THEORY!APPROACH!TO!URBAN!GROWTH!
C. ACCESSIBILITY!CONCEPTS!AND!URBAN!STRUCTURE!
D. URBAN!SPATIAL!STRUCTURE!IN!THE!FRAMEWORK!OF!EQUILIBRIUM!THEORY!(AN!ECONOMIC!MODEL!OF!
SPATIAL!STRUCTURE)!
!
96.!ALBERT!Z.!GUTTERBERG!SPECULATES:!
A. A!CONCEPTUAL!SYSTEM!FOCUSING!ON!URBAN!FORM!
B. A!COMMUNICATIONS!THEORY!APPROACH!TO!URBAN!GROWTH!
C. ACCESSIBILITY!CONCEPTS!AND!URBAN!STRUCTURE!
D. URBAN!SPATIAL!STRUCTURE!IN!THE!FRAMEWORK!OF!EQUILIBRIUM!THEORY!(AN!ECONOMIC!MODEL!OF!
SPATIAL!STRUCTURE)!
!
97.!BASED!ON!THE!PRINCIPLE!OF!DEVOLUTION!OF!POWERS!TO!LOCAL!GOVT!UNITS,!THE!NATIONAL!GOVT!
TRANSFERS!THESE!FUNDS!TO!LGUs!FOR!THEIR!ADMINISTRATIVE,!PUBLIC!ORDER!AND!SAFTY!OPERATIONS.!
A. INTERNAL!REVENUE!ALLOTMENTS!
B. BUDGETARY!ALLOCATIONS!
C. LOCAL!DEVELOPMENT!ALLOTMENTS!
D. LGU!BUDGETARY!ALLOTMENTS!
!
98.!MORBIDITY!REFERS!TO:!
A. DEATHS!PER!1,000!POPULATION!
B. DEATHS!PER!10,000!POPULATION!
C. DEATH!DUE!TO!DISEASE!
D. INCIDENCE!OF!DISEASE!
!
99.!BECAUSE!NSO!AGE!GROUPINGS!DO!NOT!COINCIDE!WITH!SCHOOLNGOING!AGE!POPULATION!FOR!PRIMARY,!
INTERMEDIATE,!SECONDARY!AND!TERTIARY,!TIS!METHOD!IS!USED!TO!DISAGGREGATE!THE!SCHOOL!AGE!
POPULATION!WITHIN!A!BRACKET!INTO!A!SINGLE!YEAR!TIME!ESTIMATE:!
A. SPRAGUE!MULTIPLIER!
B. SPRENGUER!MULTIPLIER!
C. EXTRAPOLATION!COEFFICIENT!
D. INTERPOLATION!COEFFICIENT!
!
100.!PLANNING!STANDARDS!FOR!SCHOOL!FACILITIES!INCLUDE!MIN!STANDARDS!FOR!SPACE!MEASURED!IN!TERMS!
OF!SQM.!PER!PUPIL!(p.p)!FOR!ACADEMIC!CLASSROOMS!IN!THE!ELEMENTARY!LEVEL.!THE!MIN!STANDARD!IS:!
A. 1.20!SQM!PER!P.P!
B. 1.40!SQM!PER!P.P!
C. 1.50!SQM!PER!P.P!
D. 1.75!SQM!PER!P.P!
!
!
!
!
101.!STANDARDS!FOR!FIREFIGHTING!SERVICES!PRESCRIBE!THAT!MUNICIPALITIES!WITH!10,000!OR!MORE!
POPULATION!BUT!BELOW!50,000!SHOULD!PROVIDE!AT!LEAST!ONE!FIRE!TRUCK.!ADJOINING!MUNICIPALITIES,!
HOWEVER,!ARE!ALLOWED!TO!SHARE!ONE!FIRE!TRUCK!PROVIDED!THAT!THE!DISTANCE!IS!WITHIN!PRESCRIBED!
LIMITS.!IN!SUCH!CASES,!THE!MAXIMUM!TRAVEL!TIME!BETWEEN!MUNICIPALITIES!SHOULD!BE:!
A. 10!MINS!
B. 15!MINS!
C. 20!MINS!
D. 30!MINS!
!
102.!IN!THE!IDENTIFICATION!OF!NEEDS!AND!THE!PLANNING!OF!SOCIAL!WELFARE!PROGRAMS!AND!SERVICES,!THE!
PLANNER!IS!EXPECTED!TO:!
A. INVOLVE!THE!CLIENTELE!
B. INVOLVE!THE!NATIONAL!AND!LOCAL!GOVERNMENTS!
C. INVOLVE!THE!PRIVATE!SECTOR!
D. INVOLVE!ALL!SECTORS!MENTIONED!ABOVE!
!
103.!THE!LAW!THAT!AUTHORIZES!THE!ESTABLISHMENT!AND!PROMULGATION!OF!DIFFERENT!LEVELS!OF!
STANDARDS!OF!ECONOMIC!AND!SOCIALIZED!HOUSING!IN!URBAN!AND!RURAL!AREAS!PROVIDED!UNDER!THE!
SUBDIVISION!AND!CONDOMINIUM!BUYERS!PROTECTIVE!DECREE!AND!THE!NATIONAL!BUILDING!CODE!IS:!
A. BP!220!
B. RA!7279!
C. PD!957!
D. PD!1216!
!
104.!WHAT!RATIO!BETWEEN!SALEABLE!AND!NONNSALEABLE!PORTIONS!OF!THE!SUBDIVISION!IS!REQUIRED!FOR!
PROJECTS!DEVELOPED!UNDER!BP!220!STANDARDS?!
A. NO!FIXED!RATIO!
B. 70%!SALEABLE!AND!30%!NONNSALEABLE!
C. 40%!SALEABLE!AND!60%!NONNSALEABLE!
D. MINIMUM!OF!50%!OPEN!SPACE!
!
105.!A!SINGLE!DETACHED!DWELLING!UNIT!IS!DEFINED!AS!A!HOUSE.!
A. GOOD!FOR!ONE!HOUSEHOLD!HELP!
B. INTENDED!FOR!OWNERSHIP!
C. COMPLETELY!SURROUNDED!BY!YARDS!
D. WITH!ONE!OR!MORE!OF!ITS!SIDES!ABUTTING!THE!PROPERTY!LINE!
!
106.!A!STUDY!WHICH!INCLUDES!ALL!THE!UNITS!IN!THE!POPULATION!IS!CALLED:!
A. HOLISTIC!STUDY!
B. PHENOMENOLOGICAL!
C. SURVEY!
D. CENSUS!
!
107.!THE!DIFFERENCE!BETWEEN!A!CENSUS!AND!A!SURVEY!IS!THAT:!
A. CENSUS!MAKES!USE!OF!QUESTIONNAIRES!WHILE!SURVEYS!MAKE!USE!OF!INTERVIEWS!FOR!DATA!
GATHERING!
B. CENSUS!INVOLVES!COMPLETE!ENUMERATION!WHILE!SURVEYS!INVOLVES!SAMPLING!
C. CENSUS!IS!DONE!ONLY!EVERY!10!YEARS!WHILE!SURVEY!CAN!BE!DONE!ANYTIME!
D. ONLY!NSO!CAN!CONDUCT!A!CENSUS!BUT!ANYBODY!CAN!CONDUCT!A!SURVEY!
!
108.!!THIS!TYPE!OF!PLAN!SHOWS!THE!ALLOCATION!OF!LAND!INTO!BROAD!FUNCTIONAL!CLASSES,!e.g.,!
DEVELOPMENTAL!AREAS,!CONSERVATION/PRESERVATION!AREAS,!AGRICULTURAL!AREA!AND!FOREST!AREAS.!
A. STRUCTURE!PLAN!
B. GENERAL!LAND!USE!PLAN!
C. DEVELOPMENT!PLAN!
D. COMPREHENSIVE!PLAN!
!
109.!!AGRICULTURAL!LAND!IN!ITS!GENERIC!SYNONYMOUS!WITH!THAT!BASIC!LAND!CLASSIFICATION?!
A. TIMBERLAND!
B. UNCLASSIFIED!PUBLIC!FOREST!
C. ALIENABLE!AND!DISPOSABLE!
D. ANCESTRAL!DOMAIN!
E. CRITICAL!WATERSHED!
!
110.!!WHICH!OF!THE!FOLLOWING!IS!NOT!A!FACTOR!IN!DETERMINING!THE!SUITABILITY!OF!LAND!FOR!AN!
INDUSTRIAL!ESTATE:!
A. LOADNBEARING!CAPACITY!
B. SOIL!FERTILITY!
C. DRAINAGE!
D. SLOPE!
E. LOCATION!
!
111.!THE!1987!CONSTITUTION!SEEKS!TO!CLASSIFY!ALL!LANDS!IN!THE!PUBLIC!DOMAIN!INTO!FOUR!CATEGORIES.!
NAME!THE!ONE!THAT!IS!NOT!AMONG!THE!FOUR.!
A. AGRICULTURAL!LAND!
B. MINERAL!LAND!
C. NATIONAL!PARK!
D. ANCESTRAL!DOMAIN!
E. FOREST!LAND!
!
112.!WHICH!OF!THE!MAPS!LISTED!BELOW!IS!NOT!A!THEMATIC!MAP:!
A. BASE!MAP!
B. LAND!USE!MAP!
C. SLOPE!MAP!
D. GEOLOGIC!MAP!
E. PHYSICAL!CONSTRAINT!MAP!
!
113.!WHAT!CLASS!OF!ROAD!IS!NOT!PART!OF!A!HIEARCHY:!
A. ARTERIAL!
B. COLLECTOR!
C. DISTRIBUTOR!
D. GRAVEL!SURFACED!
E. LOCAL!
!
114.!WHICH!LAND!USE!TYPE!IS!NORMALLY!NOT!CLASSIFIED!AS!URBAN:!
A. INSTITUTIONAL!
B. RESIDENTIAL!
C. MINING!&!QUARRYING!
D. INDUSTRIAL!
E. COMMERCIAL!
!
115.!THE!MAIN!REGULATORY!TOOL!FOR!IMPLEMENTING!LAND!USE!PLAN!IN!THE!PHILS.!IS:!
A. CAPITAL!INVESTMENT!PROGRAMS!
B. SPECIAL!ASSESSMENTS!
C. EXPLORATION!
D. ZONING!
!
116.!THE!AGENCY!THAT!IMPLEMENTS!THE!LAWS,!RULES!AND!REGULATIONS!THAT!SUPPORT!POLICIES!OF!GVT!
WITH!REGARDS!TO!OPTIMIZING!THE!USE!OF!LAND!AS!A!RESOURCE!IS:!
A. NEDA!
B. DAR!
C. HLURB!
D. DPWH!
!
117.!THE!AGENCY!RESPONSIBLE!FOR!COORDINATING!THE!HOUSING!PROGRAM!IS:!
A. NHA!
B. HUDCC!
C. HLURB!
D. MMDA!
!
118.!THE!MINIMUM!LOT!UNDER!PD!957!IS:!
A. 100!SQM!
B. 72!SQM!
C. 150!SQM!
D. 120!SQM!
!
119.!THE!PROCESS!OF!ARRANGING!ACTIVITIES!AND!PLANS!AMONG!DIFFERENT!INTEREST!OR!PLANNING!GROUPS!
FOR!THE!PURPOSE!OF!SYSTEMATIZING,!HARMONIZING!AND!FACILITATING!OPERATIONS!IS!CALLED:!
A. PUBLIC!HEARING!
B. CONSULTATION!
C. COORDINATION!
D. SCOPING!
!
120.!THE!PROCESS!OF!OBTAINING!TECHNICAL!ADVICE!OR!OPINION!WHICH!MAY!OR!NOT!BE!FOLLOWED!IS!
CALLED:!
A. CONSULTATION!
B. COORDINATION!
C. PUBLIC!HEARING!
D. CITIZEN!PARTICIPATION!
!
121.!THIS!DOCUMENT!IS!A!SERIES!OF!WRITTEN!STATEMENTS!ACCOMPANIED!BY!MAPS,!ILLUSTRATION!AND!
DIAGRAMS!WHICH!DESCRIBES!WHAT!THE!COMMUNITY!WANTS!TO!DEVELOP.!IT!IS!ESSENTIALLY!COMPOSED!OF!
COMMUNITY!GOALS:!OBJECTIVES,!POLICIES,!PROGRAMS!AND!A!PHYSICAL!DEVELOPMENT!PLAN!WITHIN!
TRANSLATE!THE!VARIOUS!SECTORAL!PLANS.!
A. LAND!USE!PLAN!
B. ACTION!PLAN!
C. STRATEGIC!PLAN!
D. DEVELOPMENT!PLAN!
!
122.!THIS!THE!PROCESS!OF!APPRAISING!THE!FEASIBILITY,!CREDIBILITY!AND!PROBABLE!IMPACTS!OR!
CONSEQUENCES!OF!ALTERNATIVE!SCHEMES!OF!DEVELOPMENT!OR!SPECIFIC!ENVIRONMENTAL!CONDITIONS.!
A. ENVIRONMENTAL!IMPACT!ASSESSMENT!
B. EVALUATION!
C. DIAGNOSTIC!SURVEY!
D. FEASIBILITY!STUDY!
!
123.!ONE!OF!THESE!PLANS!IS!NOT!REQUIRED!UNDER!AFMA!
A. REGIONAL!AGRONINDUSTRIAL!DEVELOPMENT!PLAN!
B. THE!SAFDZ!INTEGRATED!DEVELOPMENT!PLAN!
C. THE!AGRICULTURE!AND!FORESTRY!MODERNIZATION!PLAN!
!
124.!IT!IS!THE!PROCESS!OF!PREDICTING!THE!LIKELY!ENVIRONMENTAL!CONSEQUENCES!OF!IMPLEMENTING!A!
PROJECT!OR!UNDERTAKING!AND!DESIGNING!APPROPRIATE!PREVENTIVE,!MITIGATING!AND!ENHANCEMENT!
MEASURES.!
A. SCOPING!
B. INITIAL!ENVIRONMENTAL!EXAMINATION!
C. ENVIRONMENTAL!IMPACT!ASSESSMENT!
D. ENVIRONMENTAL!RISK!ASSESSMENT!
!
125.!IN!TRANSPORTATION!PLANNING,!THE!COLLECTION!OF!DATA!IS!UNDERTAKEN!THROUGH!DIFFERENT!TYPES!
OF!SURVEYS.!THE!MANUAL!COUNTING!AND!CLASSIFYING,!BY!TYPE!OF!VEHICLE!AND!DIRECTION!OF!TRAVEL,!ALL!
PASSING!EACH!STATION!DURING!SPECIFIC!PERIODS,!SUPPLEMENTED!BY!AUTOMATION!TRAFFIC!RECORDER!
COUNTS!EXTENDING!OVER!LONGER!PERIODS!IS!CALLED:!
A. TRAVEL!TIME!SURVEYS!
B. ROADSIDE!SURVEY!
C. NETWORK!INVENTORIES!
D. ZONING!
!
126.!THIS!IS!ONE!OF!THE!METHODS!OF!TRIP!GENERATION!MODELLING,!WHICH!IS!CONCERNED!WITH!FINDING!
THE!BEST!FUNCTIONAL!RELATIONSHIP!BETWEEN!A!DEPENDENT!VARIABLE!AND!MORE!INDEPENDENT!VARIABLES.!
THIS!RELATIONSHIP!IS!USUALLY!ASSUMED!TO!BE!LINEAR.!
A. ANALYSIS!OF!VARIANCE!
B. MULTIPLE!REGRESSION!
C. CATEGORY!ANALYSIS!
D. SITUATIONAL!ANALYSIS!
!
127.!THIS!IS!A!METHOD!OF!TRIP!ASSIGNMENT!WHICH!TAKES!INTO!ACCOUNT!CONGESTION!ON!THE!
TRANSPORTATION!SYSTEM.!IT!IS!THE!PROCESS!OF!DETERMINING!A!PATTERN!OF!TRAFFIC!FLOW!FOR!A!KNOWN!
SET!OF!INTERZONAL!MOVEMENTS!SO!THAT!THE!RELATIONSHIP!BETWEEN!JOURNE!TIME!AND!FLOW!IN!EVERY!
LINK!IN!THE!NETWORK!SHOULD!BE!IN!ACCORDANCE!WITH!THAT!SPECIFIED!FOR!THE!LINK.!
A. DIVERSION!CURVES!
B. ALLNORNNOTHING!ASSIGNMENT!
C. CAPACITY!RESISTANT!
!
128.!THESE!ARE!LANDS!THAT!ARE!CAPABLE!OF!SUSTAINING!THE!ECONOMIC!PRODUCTIVITY!LEVELS!OF!
CROPS/LAND!USE!OVER!GIVEN!TIME!IN!A!CLIMATIC!REGION!WITHOUT!ADVERSELY!AFFECTING!THE!IMMEDIATE!
AND!ADJOINING!ENVIRONMENT.!
A. INDIGENOUS!AREAS!
B. PRIME!AGRICULTURAL!
C. ENVIRONMENTALLY!CRITICAL!AREAS!
D. AGRONINDUSTRIAL!ZONES!
!
129.!AREAS!GENERALLY!BELONGING!TO!ICC’s/IP’s!SUBJECT!TO!PROPERTY!RIGHTS!WITHIN!ANCESTRAL!DOMAIN:!
A. INDIGENOUS!AREAS!!
B. CULTURAL!MINORITY!
C. ANCESTRAL!AREAS!
D. ANCESTRAL!DOMAINS!
!
130.!THIS!REFERS!TO!A!LITTLE!FORMALLY!RECOGNIZING!THE!RIGHTS!OF!POSSESSION!AND!OWNERSHIP!OF!
ICC’s/IP’s!OVER!THEIR!ANCESTRAL!DOMAINS!IDENTIFIED!IN!ACCORDANCE!WITH!THE!LAW.!
A. TORRENS!TITLE!
B. INDIGENOUS!PEOPLE!TITLE!
C. LAND!TITLE!
D. CERTIFICATE!OF!ANCESTRAL!DOMAIN!
!
131.!THE!FOLLOWING!OPERATING!PRINCIPLES!ARE!ADHERED!TO!UNDER!THE!INDIGENOUS!PEOPLE’S!RIGHTS!ACT,!
EXCEPT:!
A. BIODIVERSITY!
B. CAREER!DEVELOPMENT!OF!IP’s!
C. PROTECTION!OF!THE!ENVIRONMENT!
D. CULTURAL!DIVERSITY!AND!INTEGRITY,!CONSENSUS!AND!PEACE!BUILDING!AND!HUMAN!DIGNITY!
!
132.!THE!RIGHTS!OF!THE!IP’s!TO!CULTURAL!INTEGRITY!SHALL!INCLUDE!
A. PROTECTION!OF!INDIGENOUS!CULTURE,!TRADITIONS!AND!INSTITUTIONS!
B. RIGHT!TO!ESTABLISH!AND!CONTROL!EDUCATIONAL!AND!LEARNING!SYSTEMS!
C. RIGHT!TO!SCIENCE!AND!TECHNOLOGY!
!
133.!THE!PRIMARY!GOVT!AGENCY!TO!IMPLEMENT!THE!POLICIES!FOR!THE!IP’s!IS:!
A. OFFICE!OF!THE!CULTURAL!AFFAIRS!
B. NATIONAL!COMMISSION!FOR!THE!CULTURAL!MINORITIES!
C. COMMISSION!FOR!THE!PHILIPPINE!MINORITIES!
D. NATIONAL!COMMISSION!FOR!INDIGENOUS!PEOPLES!
!
134.!SYSTEMS,!INSTITUTIONS,!MECHAMINCS,!AND!TECHNOLOGIES!COMPRISING!A!UNIQUE!BODY!OF!
KNOWLEDGE!ENCLAVE!THROUGH!TIME.!
A. CULTURAL!PRACTICES!
B. CULTURAL!WAY!OF!LIFE!
C. INDIGENOUS!CULTURE!
D. INDIGENOUS!KNOWLEDGE!SYSTEMS!AND!PRACTICES!
!
135.!CONSENSUS!OF!ALL!MEMBERS!OF!THE!ICC’s/IP’s!DETERMINED!IN!ACCORDANCE!WITH!THEIR!RESPECTIVE!
CUSTOMARY!LAWS!AND!PRACTICES,!FREE!FROM!ANY!EXTERNAL!MANIPULATIONA!AND!COERCION:!
A. INDIGENOUS!CONSENSUS!
B. RIGHTS!OF!THE!INDIGENOUS!PEOPLE!
C. FREE!AND!INFORMED!CONSENT!
!
136.!RAN8371!IS!ALSO!KNOWN!AS!THE:!
A. NIPAS!LAW!
B. CONSERVATION!AND!BIODIVERSITY!
C. AGENDA!21!
D. INDIGENOUS!PEOPLE!RIGHTS!ACT!(IPRA)!
!
137.!THE!NATL.!COMMISSION!ON!INDIGENOUS!PEOPLES!SHALL!PROTECT!THE!RIGHTS!OF!THE!INDIGENOUS!
PEOPLE!EXCEPT!THOSE!OF:!
A. CHILDREN!AND!YOUTH!
B. ELDERS!
C. WOMEN!
!
138.!HOW!MANY!COMMISSIONERS!COMPRISE!THE!NAT’L.!COMMISSION!ON!INDIGENOUS!PEOPLES?!
A. FIVE!
B. SEVEN!
C. NINE!
D. ELEVEN!
E. FOUR!
!
139.!IT!CONSISTS!OF!RESOURCE!FLOWS!PROVIDED!BY!BILATERAL!SOURCES!AND!MULTILATERAL!INSTITUTIONS!
WITH!THE!OBJECTIVE!OF!PROMOTING!THE!ECONOMIC!DEVELOPMENT!AND!WELFARE!OF!THE!RECIPIENT!
COUNTRY.!
A. WORLD!BANK!
B. OFFICIAL!DEVELOPMENT!ASSISTANCE!(ODA)!
C. INTERNAL!REVENUE!ALLOTMENT!
D. DEVELOPMENT!
!
140.!THIS!LAW!PROVIDES!A!LIBERALIZED!ENVIRONMENT!CONDUCIVE!TO!PRIVATE!SECTOR!INVESTMENT.!
A. RA!6657!&!RA!7718!(BOT!LAW)!
B. RETAIL!TRADE!LIBERALIZATION!ACT!
C. URBAN!DEVELOPMENT!AND!HOUSING!ACT!(UDHA)!
!
141.!A!CONTRACTUAL!AGGREMENT!WHEREBY!A!PROJECT!PROPONENT!IS!AUTHORIZED!TO!FINANCE,!CONSTRUCT,!
OWN,!OPERATE!AND!MAINTAIN!AN!INFRASTRUCTURE!OR!DEVELOPMENT!FACILITY!FROM!WHICH!THE!
PROPONENT!IS!ALLOWED!TO!RECOVER!ITS!TOTAL!INVESTMENT,!OPERATING!AND!MAINTENANCE!COSTS!PLUS!A!
REASONABLE!RETURN!THEREON!BY!COLLECTING!TOOLS,!FEES,!RENTALS!AND!OTHER!CHARGES!FROM!FACILITY!
USERS.!
B. BUILD,!OWN!AND!OPERATE!
C. BUILD,!TRANSFER!AND!OPERATE!
!
142.!A!CONTRACTUAL!ARRANGEMENT!WHEREBY!THE!PUBLIC!SECTOR!CONTRACTSNOUT!THE!BUILDING!OF!AN!
INFRASTRUCTURES!FACILITY!TO!PRIVATE!ENTITY!SUCH!THAT!THE!CONTRACTOR!BUILDS!THE!FACILITY!ON!A!TURNN
KEY!BASIS,!ASSUMING!COST!OVERRUN,!DELAY!AND!SPECIFIED!PERFORMANCE!RISKS.!
B. BUILD,!OWN!AND!OPERATE!
C. BUILD,!TRANSFER!AND!OPERATE!
!
143.!THE!USE!OF!SCIENTIFIC!METHOS!AND!INFORMATION!TO!DEFINE!THE!PROBABILITY!AND!MAGNITUDE!OF!
POTENTIALLY!ADVERSE!EFFECTS!WHICH!CAN!RESULT!FROM!EXPOSURE!TO!HAZARDOUS!MATERIALS!OR!
SITUATIONS.!
A. ENVIRONMENTAL!IMPACT!STATEMENT!
B. ENVIRONMENTAL!RISK!ASSESSMENT!
C. SCOPING!
!
144.!THOSE!PERSONS!WHO!MAY!BE!SIGNIFICANTLY!AFFECTED!BY!THE!PROJECT!OR!UNDERTAKING!ARE!CALLED:!
A. INDIGENOUS!PEOPLE!
B. STAKEHOLDERS!
C. SQUATTERS!
D. PROPONENT!
!
145.!WHICH!OF!THESE!PROJECTS!REQUIRE!AN!EIS?!
A. GOLF!COURSES!ANS!USBDIVISION!ABOVE!10HECTARES!
B. DRUGSTORE!AND!BACKYARD!PIGGERY!
C. PROJECTS!UNDER!KALAKALAN!20!
!
146.!THOSE!SUFFERING!FROM!RESTRICTION!OR!LACK!OF!ABILITY!TO!PERFORM!AN!ACITIVITY!IN!THE!MANNER!OR!
WITHIN!THE!RANGE!CONSIDERED!NORMAL!FOR!A!HUMAN!BEING!AS!RESULT!OF!MENTAL,!PHYSICAL!OR!SENSORY!
IMPAIRMENT.!
A. PHYSICALLY!CHALLENGED!
B. IMPAIRED!
C. DISABLED!
D. DISADVANTAGE!
!
147.!EBENEZER!HOWARD!IS!REGARDED!AS!THE!MOST!INFLUENTIAL!AMONG!THE!GREAT!THINKERS!IN!MODERN!
URBAN!AND!REGIONAL!PLANNING.!HIS!FAMOUS!BOOK,!FIRST!PUBLISHED!IN!1898,!WAS!TITLED:!
A. GARDEN!CITIES!
B. GARDEN!CITIES!OF!TOMORROW!
C. TOMORROW’S!CITIES!
D. TOMORROW!
!
148.!EBENEZER!HOWARD’S!IDEAS!WERE!ADOPTED!BY!THE!BRITISH!GOVT!IN!THE!ENACTMENT!OF!THE!NEW!
TOWNS!ACT!OF!1947.!THE!NEW!TOWNS!CONCEPT,!ACCORDING!TO!HISTORIANS,!HAS!BEEN!ILLUSTRATED!BY!
HOWARD!ON!A!PAPER!NAPKIN,!THIS!FAMOUS!DIAGRAM!CONSISTS!OF:!
A. ONE!MAGNET!
B. TWO!MAGNETS!
C. THREE!MAGNETS!
D. FOUR!MAGNETS!
!
149.!EBENEZER!HOWARD!ENVISIONED!A!NEW!TOWN!DELIBERATELY!OUTSIDE!NORMAL!COMMUTER!RANGE!OF!
THE!OLD!CITY.!IT!WOULD!BE!FAIRLY!SMALL.!ITS!POPULATION!SIZE!SHALL!BE:!
A. 10,000!
B. 20,000!
C. 22,000!
D. 30,000!
!
150.!THE!FIRST!NEW!TOWN!BUILT!FOLLOWING!EBENEZER!HOWARD’S!IDEA!IS!KNOWN!AS:!
A. LETCHWORTH!
B. SOLITAIRE!
C. STERENAGE!
D. WELWYN!
!
151.!AN!ECOLOGICAL!PROFILE!PERTAINS!TO:!
A. DETERMINE!THE!STATUS!OF!THE!ENVIRONEMNT!
B. MERGER!OF!THE!SOCIONECONOMIC!AND!BIOPHYSICAL!PROFILES!OF!THE!STUDY!AREA!AND!TREATS!THESE!
SUBJECTS!ON!EQUAL!FOOTING!
C. PRESENTATION!OF!THE!CONDITIONS!OF!THE!NATURAL!ENVIRONMENT!AND!NATURAL!RESOURCES.!
!
152.!POPULATION!MAY!BE!ESTIMATED!INTO!THE!FUTURE!BY!ADOPTING!ONE!OR!ANY!OF!THE!FOLLOWING!
METHODOLOGIES:!
1. REGRESSION!ANYLYSIS!
2. EXPONENTIAL!METHOD!
3. ARITHMETIC!METHOD!
4. INPUTNOUTPUT!ANALYSIS!
5. GEOMETRIC!METHOD!
A. 1,!2!&!3!
B. 2,!3!&!4!
C. 3,!4!&!5!
D. 2,!3!&!5!
!
153.!THE!AUTHORITY!TO!APPROVE!AND!ADOPT!THE!COMPREHENSIVE!DEVELOPMENT!PLAN!RESTS!ON:!
A. OFFICE!OF!THE!MATYOR!
B. SANGGUNIANG!BAYAN!
C. PLANNING!AND!DEVELOPMENT!OFFICE!
D. SANGGUNIANG!PANLALAWIGAN!OFFICE!
!
154.!PDN1308!DEFINES!“ENVIRONMENTAL!PLANNING”!AS:!
A. ACTIVITIES!CONCERNED!WITH!THE!PLANNING!AND!REGULATION!FOR!THE!MANAGEMENT!AND!
DEVELOPMENT!OF!LAND,!AS!WELL!AS!THE!PRESERVATION,!CONSERVATION,!REHABILITATION!OF!HUMAN!
SETTLEMENTS,!HABITATS!AND!THEIR!NATURAL!ENVIRONMENT!
B. ACTIVITIES!CONCERNED!WITH!THE!MANAGEMENT!AND!DEVELOPMENT!OF!LAND,!AS!WELL!AS!THE!
PRESERVATION,!CONSERVATION,!REHABILITATION!OF!THE!HUMAN!ENVIRONMENT.!
C. ACT!OF!PLANNING,!DESIGNING,!SPECIFYING,!SUPERVISING!AND!GIVING!GENERAL!ADMINISTRATION!AND!
RESPONSIBLE!DIRECTION!TO!THE!GROWTH!AND!DEVELOPMENTS!OF!TOWNS!AND!CITIES!THROUGH!
APPROPRIATE!LAND!USE.!
!
155.!PDN1308!PROVIDES!THAT!A!CONSULTING!FIRM,!PARTNERSHIP,!COMPANY,!OR!ASSOCIATION!MAY!ENGAGE!
IN!THE!PRACTICE!OF!ENVIRONMENTAL!PLANNING!IN!THE!PHILS,!PROVIDED!THAT:!
A. AT!LEAST!75%!OF!THE!ENTIRE!MEMBERSHIP!OF!THE!BOARD!OF!THE!ENTITY!SHALL!BE!REGISTERED!
ENVIRONMENTAL!PLANNERS!
B. AT!LEAST!70%!OF!THE!CAPITALIZATION!OF!THE!ENTITY!IS!OWNED!BY!REGISTERED!ENVIRONMENTAL!
PLANNERS!
C. AT!LEAST!70%!OF!THE!ENTIRE!BOARD!MEMBERSHIP!OF!THE!IS!ENTITY!SHALL!BE!REGISTERED!
ENVIRONMENTAL!PLANNERS!AND!75%!OF!THE!TOTAL!CAPITALIZATION!OF!THE!ENTITY!IS!OWNED!BY!
THEM!
D. AT!LEAST!75%!OF!THE!ENTIRE!BOARD!MEMBERSHIP!OF!THE!ENTITY!SHALL!BE!REGISTERED!
ENVIRONMENTAL!PLANNERS!AND!75%!OF!THE!CAPITALIZATION!OF!THE!ENTITY!IS!OWNED!BY!THEM.!
!
156.!IT!IS!CONSIDERED!ONE!OF!THE!LOCAL!GOVT.!UNITS:!
A. BARANGGAYS!
B. ARMM!
C. REGIONAL!DEVELOPMENT!COUNCIL!
D. METROPOLITAN!DEVELOPMENT!AUTHORITY!
!
157.!THE!PLAN!WITH!WHICH!CITIES!AND!MUNICIPALITIES!PROMOTES!THE!GENERAL!WELFARE!OF!ITS!
INHABITANTS!AND!ENSURES!THE!DELIVERY!OF!BASIC!SERVICES!AND!FACILITIES!IN!ITS!CAPACITY!AS!A!CORPORATE!
ENTITY!IS:!
A. POVERTY!REDUCTION!PLAN!
B. COMPREHENSIVE!DEVELOPMENT!PLAN!
C. PLAN!FOR!THE!YOUTH!AND!ELDERLY!
!
158.!IT!IS!A!CONCEPT!OF!SPATIAL!DEVELOPMENT!THAT!WELLNARTICULATED!AND!INTEGRATED!SYSTEM!OF!
GROWTH!CENTERS!OF!DIFFERENT!SIZES!AND!FUNCTIONAL!CHARACTERISTICS!CAN!PLAY!AN!IMPORTANT!ROLE!IN!
FACILITATING!MORE!WIDESPREAD!REGIONAL!DEVELOPMENT.!
A. GROWTH!POLE!CONCEPT!
B. DECENTRALIZED!TERRITORIAL!APPROACH!
C. FUNCTIONALNSPATIAL!INTEGRATION!
D. SMART!GROWTH!CONCEPT!
!
159.!IN!LOCAL!DEVELOPMENT!PLANNING,!IT!IS!ALSO!CALLED!AS!“TERMNBASED!PLAN”:!
A. LOCAL!DEVELOPMENT!INVESTMENT!PROGRAM!
B. EXECUTIVE!AND!LEGISLATIVE!AGENDA!
C. ANNUAL!INVESTMENT!PROGRAM!
D. 7NPOINT!EXECUTIVE!AGENDA!
!
160.!SOME!METHODS!FOR!SELECTING!THE!PREFFERED!SPATIAL!STRATEGY!OR!URBAN!FORM!ARE:!
1. COSTNBENEFIT!ANALYSIS!
2. PLANNING!BALANCE!SHEET!
3. GOAL!ACHIEVEMENT!MATRIX!
4. SWOT!ANALYSIS!
5. !
A. 1,!2!&!3!
B. 2,!3!&!4!
C. 3,!4!&!5!
D. 2,!4!&!5!
!
161.!IF!THE!LOCATION!QUOTIENT!OF!AN!INDUSTRY!IN!A!MUNICIAPLITY!VISNÀNVIS!THE!PROVINCE!IS!MORE!THAN!
ONE!(1)!UNIT,!IT!SHOWS!THAT:!
A. THE!MUNICIPALITY!IS!MORE!SPECIALIZED!THAN!THE!PROVINCE!AS!A!WHOLE!IN!THAT!TYPE!OF!ECONOMIC!
ACTIVITY.!
B. THE!MUNICIPALITY!IS!LESS!SPECIALIZED!IN!THAT!ACTIVITY!OR!SECTOR!THAN!THE!PROVINCE!AS!A!WHOLE.!
C. THE!ACTIVITY!IS!EQUALLY!IMPORTANT!IN!BOTH!THE!MUNICIPALITY!AND!THE!PROVINCE.!
!
162.!!HLURB!IS!THE!SOLE!REGULATORY!BODY!OF!LAND!USE!AND!HOUSING!DEVELOPMENT!AS!PROVIDED!FOR!
UNDER:!
A. EON72!
B. RAN7160!
C. EON90!
!
163.!PERROUX!IS!TO!GROWTH!POLE!THEORY,!AS!DIOXIADES!IS!TO:!
A. INDUSTRIAL!LOCATION!THEORY!
B. PATTERNS!OF!HUMAN!SETTLEMENTS!
C. SHORTNRUN!REGIONAL!CHANGE!
!
164.!THE!PATTERN!OF!URBAN!SETTLEMENT!OF!MAN!IS!AS!FOLLOWS:!
A. URBAN!REGION,!MEGAPOLIS,!METROPOLIS!
B. VILLAGE,!MEGAPOLIS,!TOWN!
C. VILLAGE,!CITY,!URBAN!REGION!
!
165.!THE!CITY!OF!MANILA!WAS!A!“PLAZA!COMPLEX”!DURING!THE:!
A. COMMONWEALTH!PERIOD!
B. JAPANESE!OCCUPATION!
C. SPANISH!COLONIZATION!
D. AMERICAN!ERA!
!
166.!!PDN1216!IS!THE!LAW!PERTAINING!TO:!
A. FISHERIES!CODE!OF!1998!
B. PRC!MODERNIZATION!ACT!
C. SOLID!WASTE!MANAGEMENT!ACT!
D. DEFINING!“OPEN!SPACES”!IN!RESIDENTIAL!SUBDIVISIONS!
!
167.!WHICH!OF!THE!FOLLOWING!FORCES!CONTRIBUTE/S!TO!CHANGES!IN!THE!GLOBAL!SYSTEMS!OF!CITIES:!
A. COMPETITION!AMONG!CITIES;!TECHNICAL!CHANGE!
B. GLOBALIZATION;!INFORMATIONAL!ECONOMY!
C. ENVIRONMENT;!DEMOGRAPHY!
D. PRIVATIZATION;!DEREGULATION!
F. NONE!OF!THE!ABOVE!
!
168.!WHAT!IS!MEANT!BY!“GROWTH!CORRIDORS”:!
A. A!PARTICULAR!FORM!OF!DENCONCENTRATION!
B. CITIES!IMMEDIATELY!BELOW!THE!GLOBAL!LEVEL!
C. GLOBAL!CITIES!
!
169.!!INTERNREGIONAL!GROWTH!MAY!BE!ANALYZED!USING!WHICH!OF!THE!FOLLOWING:!
A. INPUTNOUTPUT!ANALYSIS!
B. REGIONAL!ACCOUNTS!
C. ECONOMIC!BASE!THEORY!
!
170.!!WHAT!IS/ARE!ELEMENTS!OF!HUMAN!SETTLEMENTS:!
A. MICRONSPACE,!MIDDLENSCALE!
B. NATURE,!MAN,!SOCIETY,!SHELLS,!NETWORKS!
C. PRODUCTION,!MOBILITY,!COMMUNICATION!
!
171.!WHAT!IS!GROWTH!FACTOR!OF!INDUSTRIAL!TOWNS:!
A. POPULATION!CHANGE!
B. EXPANDING!COMMERCIAL!ACTIVITY!
C. ECONOMIC!CHANGE!
!
172.!RAN7586!IS!OTHERWISE!KNOWN!AS!THE:!
A. COMPREHENSIVE!AND!INTEGRATED!SHELTER!FINANCING!ACT!OF!1994!
B. COMPREHENSIVE!AGRARIAN!REFORM!LAW!
C. NATIONAL!INTEGRATED!PROTECTED!AREAS!SYSTEM!
!
173.!INDIGENOUS!PEOPLE’S!RIGHTS!ACT!IS!THE!TITLE!OF!WHICH!LEGAL!ISSUANCE?!
A. PDN957!
B. EON71!
C. RAN7279!
D. RAN8371!
!
174.!WHICH!OF!THE!FOLLOWING!IS!NOT!A!COMPONENT!OF!THE!RATIONALIZED!LOCAL!PLANNING!SYSTEM?!
A. LOCAL!PLANNING!
B. PLANNING!PROCESS!
C. CLUP!AND!CDP!
D. TOOLS,!AUTHORITY!LEVERS!FOR!PLAN!IMPLEMENTATION!
E. PROVINCIAL/LOCAL!PLANNING!AND!EXPENDITURE!MANAGEMENT!
!
175.!SECTION!106!OF!THE!LOCAL!GOVT.!CODE!PROVIDES!THAT,!“EACH!LOCAL!GOVT!UNIT!SHALL!HAVE!A!
COMPREHENSIVE!MULTINSECTORAL!DEV!PLAN!TO!BE!INITIATED!BY!ITS!DEVELOPMENT!COUNCIL!AND!APPROVED!
BY!ITS!SANGGUNIAN.!FOR!THIS!PURPOSE,!THE!DEV!COUNCIL!AT!THE!PROVINCIAL,!CITY,!MUNICIPAL,!OR!
BARANGGAY!LEVEL,!SHALL!ASSIST!THE!CORRESPONDING!SANGGUNIAN!IN!SETTING!THE!DIRECTION!OF!
ECONOMIC!AND!SOCIAL!DEVELOPMENT,!AND!COORDINATING!DEVELOPMENT!EFFORTS!WITHIN!ITS!TERRITORIAL!
JURISDICTION”.!THIS!LOCAL!GOVT!BODY!IS!THE!BIGGEST!POLICY!MAKING!BODY!IN!THE!LGU.!
A. LOCAL!DEVELOPMENT!COUNCIL!
B. LOCAL!SANGGUNIAN!(BAYAN,!PANLALAWIGAN!OR!PANLUNSOD)!
C. LOCAL!PLANNING!AND!DEVELOPMENT!OFFICE!
D. LOCAL!FINANCE!COMMITTEE!
!
176.!!WHAT!ARE!SOME!OF!THE!TOOLS/AUTHORITY!LEVERS!FOR!IMPLEMENTING!CLUP?!
A. BUILDING!CODE!
B. LOCAL!DEVELOPMENT!INVESTMENT!PLAN!
C. WATER!CODE!
E. NONE!OF!THE!BOVE!
!
177.!PLANNING!IS!A!CYCLICAL!AND!ITERATIVE!PROCESS.!WHAT!STEP!IN!THE!MULTI!SECTORAL!PLANNING!
PROCESS!SERVES!AS!THE!LINK!BETWEEN!A!“SUCCESSOR”!AND!“PREDECESSOR”!PLAN,!OR!THE!LINK!BETWEEN!
TWO!PLANNING!CYCLES:!
A. INVESTMENT!PROGRAMMING!
B. DETERMINING!THE!VISIONNREALITY!GAP!
C. PLAN!MONITORING!AND!EVALUATION!
D. BUDGETING!
!
178.!!ALONG!WITH!THE!NETWORK!OF!PROTECTED!AREAS!OF!AGRICULTURE!AND!AGRONINDUSTRIAL!
DEVELOPMENT!(NPAAAD),!IT!PROVIDES!THE!PHYSICAL!BASIS!FOR!THE!PROPER!PLANNING!OF!SUSTAINABLE!
AGRICULTURE!AND!FISHERY!DEVELOPMENT!AND!IN!THE!IDENTIFICATION!OF!SUITABLE!CROPS,!LIVESTOCK!AND!
FISH!THAT!CAN!BE!ECONOMICALLY!GROWN!AND!COMMERCIALLY!DEVELOPED!FOR!LOCAL!AND!INTERNATIONAL!
MARKETS!WITHOUT!CREATING!IRREVERSIBLE!ENVIRONMENTAL!AND!HUMAN!HEALTH!PROBLEMS.!
A. WATERSHED!AREAS!
B. INTEGRATED!AREA!DEVELOPMENT!
C. COMPREHENSIVE!LAND!USE!PLAN!
D. STRATEGIC!AGRICULTURE!AND!FISHERY!DEVELOPMENT!ZONE!
!
179.!!THE!STRUCTURE!OF!THE!LOCAL!ECONOMY!IS!DIVIDED!INTO!THE!FOLLOWING!SECTORS:!
A. PRIMARY,!SECONDARY!AND!ECONOMIC!DEVELOPMENT!SECTORS!
B. AGRICULTURAL,!FISHERIES!AND!MANUFACTURING!
C. PRIMARY,!SECONDAY!AND!TERTIARY!SECTORS!
D. SECONDARY,!INSURANCE!AND!SERVICES!SECTORS!
!
180.!THE!PHIL!CONSTITUTION!STATES!THAT,!“CONGRESS!SHALL!GIVEN!THE!HIGHEST!PRIORITY!TO!THE!
ENACTMENT!OF!MEASURES!THAT!PROTECT!AND!ENHANCE!THE!RIGHT!OF!ALL!PEOPLE!TO!HUMAN!DIGNITY,!
REDUCE!SOCIAL!AND!ECONOMIC!INEQUALITIES!BY!EQUITABLY!DIFFUSING!WEALTH!AND!POLITICAL!POWER!FOR!
THE!COMMON!GOOD,!TO!THIS!END,!THE!STATE!SHALL!REGULATE!THE!ACQUISITION,!OWNERSHIP,!USE!AND!
DISPOSITION!OF!PROPERTY!AND!ITS!INCREMENTS”.!TO!WHICH!OF!THE!REGULATORY!POWERS!IS!DEVOLVED!TO!
THE!LOCAL!GOVT!UNITS?!
A. ACQUISITION!
B. OWNERSHIP!
C. USE!
D. DISPOSITION!
!
181.!THE!RECLASSIFICATION!OF!LAND!FROM!AGRICULTURAL!TO!OTHER!URBAN!USE!IS!ALLOWED!UNDER!
SECTIONN20!OF!THE!LOCAL!GOVT!CODE!OF!1991!UNDER!THE!FOLLOWING!CONDITIONS:!
1. WHEN!THE!LAND!CEASES!TO!BE!ECONOMICALLY!FEASIBLE!AND!SOUND!FOR!AGRICULTURAL!
PURPOSES!AS!DETERMINED!BY!THE!DEPT!OF!AGRICULTURE.!
2. WHERE!THE!LAND!SHALL!HAVE!SUBSTANTIALLY!GREATER!ECONOMIC!VALUE!FOR!RESIDENTIAL,!
COMMERCIAL,!OR!INDUSTRIAL!PURPOSES,!AS!DETERMINED!BY!THE!SANGGUNIAN.!
3. WHEN!THE!PROVINCIAL!GOVERNOR!SO!DESIRES!
4. WHEN!THE!PRESIDENT!OF!THE!PHILS!DECLARE!SUCH!RECLASSIFICATION!
A. 1!&!2!
B. 2!&!3!
C. 3!7!4!
D. 1!&!4!
!
182.RECLASSIFICATION!OF!AGRICULTURAL!LAND!SHALL!BE!LIMITED!TO!THE!FOLLOWING!PERCENTAGE!OF!THE!
TOTAL!AGRICULTURAL!LAND!AREA!IN!HIGHLY!URBANIZED!AND!INDEPENDENT!COMPONENT!CITIES!AT!THE!TIME!
OF!THE!PASSAGE!OF!THE!ORDINANCE:!
A. 20!%!
B. 25!%!!
C. 15!%!
D. 30!%!
!
183.!THESE!ARE!DWELLING!UNITS!COMPLETELY!SURROUNDED!BY!YARDS.!
A. SINGLENDETACHED!UNITS!
B. SINGLENATTACHED!UNITS!
C. DUPLEXES!
D. TOWNHOUSES!
E. MEDIUMNRISE!UNITS!
!
184.!THE!AGENCY!RESPONSIBLE!FOR!THE!HOUSING!PROGRAM!THAT!CATERS!TO!THE!LOWEST!30%!INCOME!LEVEL!
OF!THE!PHIL!POPULATION!IS!THE:!
A. LOCAL!HOUSING!BOARD!
B. HOUSING!AND!LAND!USE!REGULATORY!COUNCIL!
C. HOUSING!AND!URBAN!DEVELOPMENT!COUNCIL!
D. NATIONAL!HOUSING!AUTHORITY!
!
185.!HOW!MANY!ADMINISTRATIVE!REGIONS!DO!THE!PHILIPPINES!HAVE?!
A. 12!
B. 12!
C. 15!
D. 17!
!
186.!IT!IS!AN!APPROACH!TO!UNDERSTANDING!THE!ENVIRONMENT!AND!NATURAL!RESOURCES!SECTOR!ADOPTS!
THE!ORGANIZED!STRUCTURE!OF!THE!DEPT!OF!ENVIRONMENT!AND!NATURAL!RESOURCES!(DENR)!WHEREIN!ONE!
BUREAU!CORRESPONDS!TO!ONE!SECTOR:!
A. PARAMETRIC!APPROACH!
B. SECTORAL!APPROACH!
C. ECOSYSTEM!APPROACH!
!
187.!WHICH!OF!THE!FOLLOWING!ARE!NOT!ECOSYSTEMS?!
1. COASTAL/MARINE!
2. FOREST!
3. BIODIVERSITY!
4. MINES!
5. LOWLAND!
A. 1!&!2!
B. 2!&!3!
C. 4!&!5!
D. 3!&!4!
!
188.!THE!PHILS!BOASTS!OF!A!NUMBER!OF!WORLD!HERITAGE!SITES.!IDENTIFY!FROM!AMONG!THE!LIST!BELOW!
ONE!THAT!IS!NOT:!
A. BANAUE!RICE!TERRACES!
B. BAROQUE!CHURCHES!
C. TUBBATAHA!REEF!MARINE!PARL!
D. MAYON!VOLCANO!
!
189.!SEX!RATIO!IS!DEFINED!AS:!
A. THE!NUMBER!OF!FEMALES!DIVIDED!BY!THE!NUMBER!OF!MALES!TIMES!100!
B. THE!NUMBER!OF!MALES!DIVIDED!BY!THE!NUMBER!OF!FEMALES!TIMES!1,000!
C. THE!NUMBER!OF!MALES!DIVIDED!BY!THE!NUMBER!OF!FEMALES!TIMES!100!
D. THE!NUMBER!OF!FEMALES!DIVIDED!BY!THE!NUMBER!OF!MALES!TIMES!1,000!
!
190.!!EKISTICS!AS!DEVELOPED!BY!DOXIADIS!REFERS!TO!THE!SCIENCE!OF:!
A. URBAN!PLANNING!
B. REGIONAL!PLANNING!
C. COMPREHENSIVE!LAND!USE!PLANNING!
D. HUMAN!SETTLEMENTS!
!
191.!IT!IS!THE!LARGEST!UNIT!IN!THE!POLITICAL!STRUCTURE!OF!THE!PHILIPPINES.!
A. METRO!MANILA!
B. REGION!
C. PROVINCE!
D. MUNICIPALITY!
!
192.!THE!LOCATION!QUOTIENT!OF!A!LOCALITY!MAYBE!MEASURED!BY!USING!THESE!VARIABLES.!
A. NUMBER!OF!TEACHERS,!MEDICAL!PERSONNEL!AND!FIREMEN!
B. NUMBER!OF!ESTABLISHMENTS!WITH!LOCATIONAL!CLEARANCE!
C. NUMBER!OF!EMPLOYMENT,!NUMBER!OF!ESTABLISHMENTS,!INVESTMENT!
!
193.!RAN7160!REFERS!TO:!
A. THE!NATL!BLDG!CODE!
B. THE!ADMINISTRATIVE!CODE!OF!THE!PHILS!
C. THE!LOCAL!GOVT!CODE!OF!1991!
D. THE!REVENUE!CODE!
!
194.!THE!NEOCOLONIALNDEPENDENCE!MODEL!REFERS!TO:!
A. INAPPROPRIATE!ADVISED!FROM!FOREIGN!EXPERTS!
B. DIVERGENCE!BETWEEN!THE!RICH!AND!POOR!
C. UNEQUAL!POWER!RELATIONSHIP!BETWEEN!DEVELOPED!COUNTRIES!AND!LCD’s!
!
195.!ON!THE!OTHER!HAND,!THE!DUALISTICNDEVELOPMENT!THESIS!REFERS!TO:!
A. INAPPROPRIATE!ADVISED!FROM!FOREIGN!EXPERTS!
B. DIVERGENCE!BETWEEN!THE!RICH!AND!POOR!
C. UNEQUAL!POWER!RELATIONSHIP!BETWEEN!DEVELOPED!COUNTRIES!AND!LCD’s!
!
196.!THE!NEONCLASSICAL!COUNTER!REVOLUTION!REFERS!TO:!
A. INCORRECT!PRICING!POLICIES!
B. TOO!MUCH!STATE!INTERVENTION!
C. CORRUPTION!
D. GOVERNMENT!INEFFICIENCIES!
!
197.!!IT!IS!A!PLANNING!DELIBERATIVE!BODY!WHICH!IS!BASICALLY!AN!ADMINISTARTIVE!ARRANGEMENT!AND!
DOES!NOT!CORRESPOND!TO!A!GOVT!UNIT.!
A. CABINET!COORDINATING!COUNCIL!
B. LEAGUE!OF!PROVINCE!OF!THE!PHILS!
D. NATIONAL!DISASTER!COORDINATING!COUNCIL!
!
198.!IT!IS!THE!TRANSLATION!OF!THE!REGIONAL!FRAMEWORK!PLAN!INTO!A!SPECIFIC!PROGRAMS!AND!PROJECTS!
A. REGIONAL!DEVELOPMENT!INVESTMENT!PROGRAM!
B. PROVINCIAL!DEVELOPMENT!PLAN!
!
199.!WHICH!OF!THESE!REGIONS!HAVE!GRANTED!AUTONOMY!BY!THE!1987!CONST.!
1. CORDILLERA!ADMINISTRATIVE!REGION!
2. AUTONOMOUS!REGION!OF!MUSLIM!MINDANAO!
3. BIMPNEAGA!
4. ISLAMIC!CITY!OF!MARAWI!
A. 1!&!2!
B. 2!&!3!
C. 3!&!4!
D. 4!&!1!
!
200.!EON561!PROVIDES!FOR!THE!CREATION!OF!SUPER!REGIONS.!WHICH!OF!THE!FOLLOWING!IS!NOT!AMONG!
THEM?!
A. NORTH!LUZON!AGRIBUSINESS!QUADRANGLE!
B. AUTONOMOUS!REGION!OF!MUSLIM!MINDANAO!
C. LUZON!CYBER!BELTWAY!
D. CYBER!CORRIDOR!
!
201.!THE!TYPE!OF!INFRASTRUCTURE!INTENDED!TO!FACILITATE!THE!PERFORMANCE!OF!THE!GOVT!OF!ESSENTIAL!
PUBLIC!SERVICES.!
A. SOCIAL!INFRASTRUCTURE!
B. ADMINISTRATIVE!SUPPORT!INFRASTRUCTURE!
C. ECONOMIC!SUPPORT!INFRASTRUCTURE!
D. NAUTICAL!HIGHWAYS!
!
202.!ENGINEERS!ARE!CONCERNED!WITH!INFRASTRUCTURE!DESIGN!AND!INSOFAR!AS!INFRASTRUCTURE!
DEVELOPMENT!IS!CONCERNED,!IT!IS!WITHIN!THE!SCOPE!OF!RESPONSIBILITIES!OF!PLANNERS!TO:!
1. ASSESS!APPROPRIATENESS!AND!ADEQUACY!OF!EXISTING!SYSTEMS!IN!RELATION!TO!THE!
INTENDED!POPULATION!TO!BE!SERVED.!
2. PROJECT!OR!ESTIMATE!SUPPLY!OF!AND!DEMAND!FOR!SERVICES.!
3. INDICATE!PROPER!LOCATION!OF!CERTAIN!FACILITIES!IN!RELATION!TO!OTHER!LAND!USES!OR!IN!
CONFORMITY!WITH!THE!LAND!USE!PLAN!OR!THE!DESIRED!URBAN!FORM.!
4. SUGGEST!RELOCATION!SITES.!
A. 1,!2!&!3!
B. 2,!3!&!4!
C. 3,!4!&!1!
D. 1,!4!&!2!
!
203.!IN!ESTIMATING!THE!DEMAND!FOR!URBAN!LAND,!THIS!METHOD/FORMULA!IS!BETTER!APPLIED!TO!RURAL!
AREAS!RATHER!THAN!URBAN!AREAS.!
A. GOAL!ACHIEVEMENT!MATRIX!
B. FAO!URBAN!LAND!DISTRIBUTION!FORMULA!
C. PLANNING!BALANCE!SHEET!
!
204.!!THIS!METHOD!OF!DETERMINING!DEMAND!FOR!URBAN!LAND!IS!CONSIDERED!THE!MOST!ACCURATE!BUT!
MORE!TEDIOUS.!
A. FAO!URBAN!LAND!DISTRIBUTION!FORMULA!
B. URBAN!DENSITY!METHOD!
C. SPECIAL!STUDIES!
!
205.!IT!IS!THE!GRAPHIC!EQUIVALENT!OF!SIMPLE!LAND!ACCOUNTING.!
A. MAP!OVERLAY!ANALYSIS!OR!SIEVE!MAPPING!
B. CARTOGRAPHIC!SKETCHES!
D. ZONING!MAP!
!
206.!IT!REFERS!TO!THE!POLICY!OF!INCREASING!THE!DENSITY!OF!BUILDING!OR!FLOOR!SPACE!PER!LAND!SURFACE!
OR!AREA!AS!INDICATED!BY!THE!FLOORNAREA!RATIO!(FAR),!AND/OR!INCREASING!THE!OCCUPANCY!RATE!OF!
EXISTING!MULTINSTOREY!STRUCTURES.!
A. MAP!OVERLAY!ANALYSIS!OR!SIEVE!MAPPING!
B. CARTOGRAPHIC!SKETCHES!
D. ZONING!MAP!
!
207.!AN!URBAN!FOR!PROTOTYPE!THAT!IS!CHARACTERIZED!BY!DOUGHNUTNLIKE!FORM;!CENTER!KEPT!OPEN!OR!AT!
VERY!LOW!DENSITY!SURROUNDED!BY!HIGH!DENSITY!DEVELOPMENTS!&!SPECIAL!ACTIVITIES.!
A. DISPERSED!SHEETS!
B. CORE!CITY!
C. THE!RING!
D. URBAN!STAR!
!
208.!A!METHOD!FOR!EVALUATING!SPATIAL!STRATEGIES!WHICH!REQUIRES!QUANTIFICATION,!THAT!IS,!
EVERYTHING!MUST!BE!EXPRESSED!IN!MONEY!TERMS.!
A. ECONOMIC!BASE!
B. COST!BENEFITNANAYSIS!
C. INPUTNOUTPUT!ANALYSIS!
D. GOALNACHIEVEMENT!MATRIX!
!
209.!IT!IS!THE!CHANGE!IN!POPULATION!SIZE!OVER!TWO!POINTS!IN!TIME!AS!AN!EFFECT!OF!EVENTS!THAT!TEND!TO!
ADD,!OR!TAKE!AWAY!MEMBERS!FROM!THE!POPULATION!SUCH!AS!BIRTHS,!DEATHS,!AND!MIGRATION.!
A. POPULATION!GROWTH!RATE!
B. POPULATION!GROWTH!
C. URBANIZATION!
D. MIGRATION!PATTERN!
!
210.!IT!IS!THE!TERM!THAT!DESCRIBES!THE!NUMBER!OF!INDIVIDUALS!OCCUPYING!AN!AREA!IN!RELATION!TO!THE!
SIZE!OF!THAT!AREA.!IT!INDICATES!THE!PATTERN!OF!POPULATION!DISTRIBUTION!OVER!SPACE.!IT!CAN!SERVE!AS!
AN!INDICATOR!OF!URBANIZATION.!
A. POPULATION!DISTRIBUTION!
B. POPULATION!DENSITY!
C. OCCUPANCY!RATE!
!
211.!PRESIDENTIAL)DECREE)1308)SEC)2a)DEFINES!IT!AS!REFERRING!TO!ALL!ACTIVITIES!CONCERNED!WITH!THE!
MANAGEMENT!AND!DEVELOPMENT!OF!LAND,!AS!WELL!AS!THE!PRESERVATION,!CONSERVATION!AND!
MANAGEMENT!OF!HUMAN!ENVIRONMENT.!
A. URBAN!PLANNING!
B. HUMAN!ECOLOGY!
C. ENVIRONMENTAL!MANAGEMENT!
D. ENVIRONMENTAL!PLANNING!
!
212.!ACCORDING!TO!RA)9275)SEC)4,!IT!REFERS!TO!THE!ENTIRE!SYSTEM!WHICH!COVERS!CONSERVATION,!
REGULATION!AND!MINIMIZATION!OF!POLLUTION,!CLEAN!PRODUCTION,!WASTE!MANAGEMENT,!
ENVIRONMENTAL!LAW!AND!POLICY,!ENVIRONMENTAL!EDUCATION!AND!INFORMATION,!STUDY!AND!
MITIGATION!OF!THE!ENVIRONMENTAL!IMPACTS!OF!HUMAN!ACTIVITY,!AND!ENVIRONMENTAL!RESEARCH.!
A. ENVIRONMENTAL!AND!NATURAL!RESOURCES!DEVELOPMENT!
B. REGIONAL!PLANNING!
C. ENVIRONMENTAL!MANAGEMENT!
D. ENVIRONMENTAL!PLANNING!
!
213.!THESE!ARE!AREAS!OF!LESS!THAN!500!PEOPLE!PER!KM!SQ.!WHOSE!INHABITANTS!ARE!PRIMARILY!ENGAGED!
IN!AGRICULTURE!OR!IN!EXTRACTION!OF!RAW!MATERIALS,!WITH!DWELLINGS!WHICH!ARE!SPACED!WIDELY!APART!
AND!OFTEN!WITH!LITTLE!OR!NO!SERVICES!OR!UTILITIES!SUCH!AS!POWER,!PIPED!WATER,!SEWERAGE,!ROADS,!ETC.!
A. TRIBE!
B. PUROK!
C. PROVINCIAL!
D. RURAL!
E. HAMLET!
!
214.!AS!DEFINED!BY!PD)1517!AND!BY!NATIONAL!STATISTICS!OFFICE,!“URBAN”!AREA!HAS!THE!FOLLOWING!
CHARACTERISTICS!EXCEPT!ONE:!
A. IT!EXPORTS!SUBSTANTIAL!QUANTITIES!OF!PROCESSED!PRODUCTS!
B. CORE!DISTRICT’S!DENSITY!IS!AT!LEAST!500!PER!SQ.!KM!
C. OVERALL!DENSITY!OF!AT!LEAST!1000!PER!SQ.!KM!IN!ITS!ENTIRETY!
D. EXHIBITS!A!STREET!PATTERN!
!
215.!THE!MOST!RECENT!RENDEFINITION!OF!“URBAN”!BY!NSCB)(2003)!DOES!NOT!INCLUDE!ONE!OF!THE!
FOLLOWING:!
A. IF!A!BARANGGAY!HAS!MORE!FISHERY!OUTPUT!AND!SHELLCRAFT!ACTIVITIES!COMPARED!TO!FARMS,!THEN!
IT!IS!CONSIDERED!URBAN.!
B. IF!A!BARANGGAY!HAS!POPULATION!SIZE!OF!5,000!OR!MORE,!THEN!IT!IS!CONSIDERED!AS!URBAN!
C. IF!A!BARANGGAY!HAS!AT!LEAST!ESTABLISHMENT!WITH!100!EMPLOYEES!OR!MORE,!THEN!IT!IS!
CONSIDERED!URBAN!
D. IF!A!BARANGGAY!HAS!5!OR!MORE!ESTABLISHMENT!WITH!A!MINIMUM!OF!10!EMPLOYEES,!AND!5!OR!
MORE!FACILITIES!WITHIN!THE!TWONKILOMETER!RADIUS!FROM!THE!BARANGGAY!HALL,!THEN!IT!IS!
CONSIDERED!URBAN.!
!
216.!!A!“CITY”!IS!A!SIGNIFICANTLYNLARGE!URBAN!AREA!WHICH!HAS:!
A. A!CLUSTER!OF!SKYSCRAPERS!
B. A!CHARTER!OR!LEGAL!PROCLAMATION!
C. A!RECTILINEAR!OR!ORTHOGONAL!STREET!DESIGN!
D. A!SEAPORT!OR!AN!AIRPORT!
!
217.!IN!A!NOVEMBER!2008!RULING!OF!THE!SUPREME!COURT!UPHOLDING!RA!9009’s!AMMENDMENT!OF!SEC.!450!
OF!RA!7160!LGC,!THE!STATUTORY!REQUIREMENTS!FOR!AN!LGU’S!ELEVATION!TO!CITYHOOD!ARE:!
A. CONTIGOUS!TERITORY!OF!AT!LEAST!100!SQ.!KM!EXCEPT!FOR!ISLAND/GROUP!OF!ISLANDS!
B. MINIMUM!ANNUAL!INCOME!OF!100!MILLION!BASED!ON!1991!CONSTANT!PRICES!
C. POPULATION!OF!AT!LEAST!150,000!
!
218.!THIS!PERTAINS!TO!THE!PROCESS!WHEREIN!LARGE!NUMBERS!OF!PEOPLE,!DRIVEN!BY!DEMOGRAPHIC!
FACTORS,!LIVE!TOGETHER!IN!IMPORTANT!LOCATIONS!–!A!PROCESS!THAT!IS!ALWAYS!ACCOMPANIED!BY!
ECONOMIC!AGGLOMERATION,!SPATIAL!ALTERATION,!AND!SOCIONCULTURAL!CHANGE.!
A. INDUSTRIALIZATION!
B. URBANIZATION!
C. SOCIAL!TRANSFORMATION!
D. MODERNIZATION!
!
219.!THIS!REFERS!TO!THE!UNPRECEDENTED!PHENOMENON!OCCURRING!IN!MEGANCITIES!WHEREIN!THE!RATE!OF!
INCREASE!OF!LOCAL!POPULATION!OVERWHELMS!THE!NATURAL!“CARRYING!CAPACITY”!OF!CITIES!AS!
ECOSYSTEMS!AND!OUTPACES!THE!“CARRYING!CAPACITY”!OF!CITY!INSTITUTIONS!IN!TERMS!OF!RESOURCES!AND!
PERSONNEL!TO!ADDRESS!COMPLEX!PROBLEMS.!
A. METROPOLITANIZATION!
B. CONURBATION!
C. HYPERNURBANIZATION!
D. FALSE!OR!PSEUDONURBANIZATION!
!
220.!A!DIRECT!RESULT!OF!“LEAPFROG”!OR!”CHECKERBOARD”!DEVELOPMENT,!THIS!PHENOMENON!IRREVERSIBLY!
CONVERTS!RURAL!SPACE!INTO!URBAN!SPACE!EVEN!BEFORE!THE!POPULATIONS!MEANT!TO!USE!IT!COULD!BE!
PRESENT.!
A. ANTICIPATORY!DEVELOPMENT!
B. CONURBATION!
C. HYPERNURBANIZATION!
D. FALSE!OR!PSEUDONURBANIZATION!
!
221.!!IN!A!CASUAL!ORDER,!WHICH!SHOULD!COME!FIRST!IN!THIS!SERIES!OR!CHAIN!OF!INTERTWINED,!MULTIN
DIMENSIONAL!PROBLEMS?!
A. CLIMATE!CHANGE!
B. UNMANAGED!POPULATION!
C. POVERTY!
D. LAND!USE!CHANGES!
E. POLLUTION!AND!ENVIRONMENTAL!DEGRADATION!
F. CARBON!FOOTPRINT!
!
222.!ACCORDING!TO!DAVID!SATTERHWAITE,!95%!OF!DEATHS!AND!SERIOUS!INJURIES!FROM!MAJOR!DISASTERS!IN!
THE!PERIOD!1950N2007!OCCURRED!IN!LOWNINCOME!TO!MIDDLENINCOME!COUNTRIES,!AND!90%!OF!THESE!
DEATHS!HAPPENED!TO!THE!POOREST!PEOPLE.!WHICH!CONCLUSION!IS!SUPPORTED!BY!THIS!INFORMATION?!
A. POVERTY,!WHICH!MEANS!LOW!INCOME!AND!LOW!EDUCATION,!IS!THE!MAJOR!CAUSE!OF!DISASTER.!
B. COUNTRIES!IN!TYPHOONBELTS!AND!RINGNOFNFIRE!REGION!OF!THE!WORLD!TEND!TO!BE!POOR!BECAUSE!
OF!FREQUENT!DISASTERS!
C. POVERTY!AND!ITS!PHYSICAL!DIMENSION,!i.e.,!LOCATION!OF!HOMES!AND!LIVELIHOODS,!INCREASE!
PEOPLE’S!VULNERABILITY!TO!DISASTER.!
D. THE!POORER!A!COUNTRY,!THE!HIGHER!THE!ILLETERACY!RATE,!HENCE!THE!LESS!INFORMED!AND!LESS!
PREPARED!PEOPLE!TEND!TO!BE!
!
223.!SETTLEMENTS!IN!HIGH!RISK!ZONES;!BUILDINGS!ON!NATURAL!WETLANDS;!RIVERS!AND!WATERWAYS!USED!
AS!SEWERS,!RECURRENT!SHORTAGES!OF!FOOD,!WATER!AND!POWER;!SEGMENTS!OF!IDLE!PRIME!LAND!
POCKMARK!THE!CITY!CENTER;!LACK!OF!DISTINCTIVE!CITY!IMAGE!AND!COHERENT!URBAN!FORM,!ALL)TAKEN)FOR)
GRANTED,!ARE!MANIFESTATION!OF:!
A. POPULATION!EXPLOSION!
B. DISASTER!MANAGEMENT!
C. SPLATTERED!DEVELOPMENT!
D. UNMANAGED!URBANIZATION!
!
224.!THIS!REFERS!TO!LOWNDENSITY!URBAN!USE!OF!LAND!EXPANDED!FASTER!THAN!POPULATION!GROWTH!
REQUIRES!AND!OCCURING!IN!AN!AMORPHIC!MANNER!AT!THE!MARGINS!OF!EXISTING!URBAN!CENTERS.!OVER!
TIME,!MORE!AND!MORE!HOUSES!ARE!BUILT!FAR!FROM!URBAN!CENTERS!THAT!WOULD!REQUIRE!MORE!ENERGY!
USE!PER!PERSON!AND!MORE!GOVERNMENT!RESOURCES!TO!PROVIDE!PIECEMEAL!EXTENSIONS!OF!ROADS!AND!
UTILITIES.!
A. DECENTRALIZATION!
B. DISPERSION!
C. EXURBANIZATION!
D. SPRAWL!
!
225.!IN!MICHAEL!P.!TODARO’S!LABOR!MIGRATION!MODEL!OF!URBANIZATION!(1976),!THE!CENTRAL!PULL!FACTOR!
OR!MAIN!ATTRACTION!OF!THIRD!WORLD!CITIES!TO!RURAL!MIGRAANTS!EVEN!WHEN!THESE!CITIES!ARE!
UNPREPARED!TO!ACCEPT!MIGRATION,!IS:!
A. “BRIGHT!LIGHTS!EFFECT”!OR!LURE!TO!CITY!LIFE!AND!NEONNLIT!ENTERTAINMENT!
B. POSSIBLE!BENEFITS!DERIVED!FROM!PROXIMITY!TO!SEAT!OF!POWER!AND!PRESTIGE!OF!CENTRAL!CITY!
ADDRESS!
C. ABUNDANCE!AND!PLENTITUDE!IN!CITIES!VERSUS!HUNGER!AND!FAMINE!DUE!TO!INSURGENCY!WARS!IN!
THE!COUNTRYSIDE!
D. SUBSTANTIAL!WAGE!DIFFERENTIALS!BETWEEN!URBAN!LABOR!AND!RURAL!LABOR!FOR!THE!SAME!LEVEL!
OF!SKILL.!TASK!OR!OCCUPATION!
!
226.!!ACCORDING!TO!DR.!FRANCIS!STUART!CHAPIN!JR.!IN!THE!FIRST!COMPREHENSIVE!TEXTBOOK!ON!URBAN!
PLANNING!EVER!WRITTEN!(1965),!THE!EXPLICIT!GOALS!OF!URBAN!PLANNING!ARE!THE!FOLLOWING!EXCEPT!ONE:!
A. HEALTHY!&!SAFETY!
B. CONVENIENCE!&!AMENITY!
C. TOLERANCE!&!PLURALITY!
D. EFFICIENCY!&!ECONOMY!
!
227.!THE!FOLLOWING!ARE!STATED!GOALS!OF!“URBAN!DEVELOPMENT!POLICY”!(NUDHF)!IN!THE!PHILS,!EXCEPT!
ONE:!
A. TO!ACHIEVE!A!MORE!BALANCED!URBANNRURAL!INTERDEPENDENCE!
B. TO!SLOW!DOWN!RURALNTONURBAN!MOVEMENT!BY!MEANS!OF!MITIGATION!CONTROL!AND!POPULATION!
MANAGEMENT!
C. TO!OPTIMALLY!UTILIZE!LAND!AND!RESOURCES!TO!MEET!THE!REQUIREMENTS!OF!HOUSING!AND!URBAN!
DEVELOPMENT!
D. TO!UNDERTAKE!A!COMPREHENSIVE!AND!CONTINUING!PROGRAM!OF!URBAN!DEVELOPMENT!WHICH!
WILL!MAKE!AVAILABLE!HOUSING!AND!SERVICES!AT!AFFORDABLE!COST!
!
228.!DR.!EDWARD!L.!GLAESER!OF!HARVARD!UNIVERSITY!(1995,2003)!CORRELATES!“URBAN!DEVELOPMENT”!
WITH!“DEMOCRATIZATION”!IN!THE!FOLLOWING!OBSERVATIONS.!WHICH!STATEMENT!PERTAIN!THE)MOST)TO!SO!
CALLED!“ANNIHILATION!OF!SPACE”!IN!URBAN!AREAS?!
A. INFORMATION!TRAVELS!AT!HIGHNSPEED!IN!CITIES;!TRANSACTIONS!BETWEEN!PRODUCERS!AND!
CONSUMERS!ARE!FASTER;!!CITIES!PRACTICALLY!ELIMINATE!THE!TRANSPORT!COST!OF!MOVING!IDEAS,!
GOODS,!PEOPLE!
B. CITIES!FACILITATE!HUMAN!CONTACT!AND!SOCIAL!CONNECTION;!THE!DEMAND!FOR!THE!CITIES!IS!FUELED!
BY!THE!DEMAND!FOR!INTERACTION,!
C. BECAUSE!PEOPLE!IN!CITIES!HAVE!HIGH!LEVEL!OF!AWARENESS,!IT!IS!MUCH!HARDER!FOR!RULES!TO!BE!
DESPOTIC!OR!TYRANNICAL!
D. INEFFECTIVE!GOVERNMENTS!FIND!IT!MUCH!HARDER!TO!IGNORE!MASS!POVERTY!&!OTHER!SOCIAL!
PROBLEMS!IN!CITIES!THAN!IN!COUNTRYSIDE!
E. REVOLUTIONS,!LABOR!UPRISING,!AND!RIOTS!ARE!USUALLY!BORN!AND!BRED!IN!CITIES!
!
229.!!HE!FORMULATED!THE!“BASIC!LAW!OF!ECOLOGY”!IN!LAYMAN’S!VERNACULAR!(NATIONAL!GEOGRAPHIC,!
1970)!AS!FOLLOWS:!“NATURE!KNOWS!BEST”,!“THERE!IS!NO!SUCH!THING!AS!A!FREE!LUNCH”,!!“EVERYTHING!IS!
CONNECTED!TO!EVERYTHING!ELSE”,!“WE!CAN!NEVER!DO!DO!MERELY!ONE!THING”,!“EVERYTHING!GOES!TO!
SOMEWHERE”,!“THERE’S!NO!AWAY!TO!THROW!TO”.!
A. JOHN!HOLDREN!
B. DR.!FRANCIS!STUART!CHAPIN!JR.!
C. DR.!BARRY!COMMONNER!
D. DR.!EUGENE!PLEASANTS!ODUM!
!
230.!!ACCORDING!TO!DR.!GARRETT!HARDIN,!IN!AN!OPEN!ACCESS!REGIME!WITHOUT!DEFINED!PROPERTY!RIGHTS,!
INDIVIDUALS!ENJOY!FREE!UNLIMITED!ACCESS!TO!NATURAL!RESOURCES!AND!RIGHT!TO!USE!WITHOUT!
EXCLUSION;!EACH!INDIVIDUAL!MOTIVATED!TO!MAXIMIZE!HIS!OR!HER!OWN!BENEFIT!FROM!EXPLOITING!THE!
RESOURCE.!!WHEN!NO!INDIVIDUAL!HAS!ADEQUATE!INCENTIVE!TO!CONSERVE!THE!PUBLIC!RESOURCES,!THE!
RESOURCES!WILL!LIKELY!BECOME!OVERUSED!AND!OVEREXPLOITED.!
A. THE!STEWARDSHIP!OF!NATURE!
B. COMMUNITARIAN!PARADOX!
C. FENCESITTER’S!DILEMA!
D. TRAGEDY!OF!THE!COMMONS!
!
231.!RELATED!TO!THOMAS!MALTHUS’!CONCEPT!OF!‘K’)AS!THE!POPULATION!SIZE!CONSTRAINED!BY!WHATEVER!
RESOURCE!IS!IN!SHORTEST!SUPPLY,!THIS!PRINCIPLES!REFERS!TO!“THE!MAXIMUM!POPULATION!OF!A!GIVEN!
SPECIES!THAT!CAN!BE!SUPPORTED!INDEFINITELY!IN!A!DEFINED!HABITAT!WITHOUT!CAUSING!NEGATIVE!IMPACTS!
THAT!PERMANENTLY!IMPAIR!THE!PRODUCTIVITY!OF!THAT!SAME!HABITAT.”!
A. LIMITS!TO!GROWTH!
B. TIPPING!POINT!
C. RANGE!AND!THRESHOLD!
D. CARRYING!CAPACITY!
!
232.!IN!CONTRAST!TO!THE!ENVIRONMENTALISM!WHICH!HIGHLIGHTS!“COMMUNITY”!AND!“!COMMUNITARIAN”!
SOLUTIONS,!THIS!TYPE!OF!ENVIRONMENTALISM!CENTERS!ON!RESPECT)FOR)ALL)LIFEFFORMS)IN)AN)ATOMISTIC)
OR)SPECIESFCENTERED)MANNER,)SUCH!THAT!HUMANS!WORLD!BE!ON!EQUAL!MORAL!FOOTING!WITH!SENTIENT!
ANIMALS!LIKE!PETS!AND!NONNSENTIENT!ORGANISM!LIKE!PLANTS,!INSECT,!ETC.!
A. ECONCENTRISM!
B. BIONCENTRISM!
C. ANTHROPONCENTRISM!
D. GEONCENTRISM!
!
233.!THEY!ARE!INVETERATE!OPTIMISTS!WHO!BELIEVE!THAT!“NECESSITY!IS!THE!MOTHER!OF!INVENTION”!AND!
HENCE!THEY!ASSERT!THAT!ALL!ENVIRONMENTAL!PROBLEMS!CAN!BE!SOLVED!BY!EVERNADVANCING!SCIENCE!AND!
TECHNOLOGY,!AND!LIMITLESS!HUMAN!KNOWLEDGE.!
A. CORNUCOPIANS!
B. SOROPTIMIST!
C. UTOPIANS!
D. DSYTOPIANS!
!
234.!IN!GENERAL,!THIS!REFERS!TO!THE!CHARACTERISTIC!OF!A!PROCESS!OR!STATE!THAT!CAN!BE!MAINTAINED!AT!
A!CERTAIN!LEVEL!INDEFINITELY;!IN!PARTICULAR,!IT!REFERS!TO!THE!POTENTIAL!LONGETIVITY!OF!ECOLOGICAL!
SYSTEMS!TO!SUPPORT!HUMANKIND!AND!OTHER!SPECIES.!
A. RESILIENCE!
B. ENDURANCE!
C. SUSTAINABILITY!
D. PERPETUITY!
E. DURABILITY!
!
235.!!WHICH!BASIC!LAW!OF!“SUSTAINABILITY)DEVELOPMENT”!MEANS!RESPONSIBILITY!AND!ACCOUNTABILITY!
TO!FUTURE!POPULATIONS?!
A. COMMON!HERITAGE!OF!HUMANKIND!
B. INTERNGENERATIONAL!EQUITY!
C. CARING!CAPACITY!
D. PARITY!OF!COMPEERS!
!
236.!!WHICH!PRINCIPLE!OF!“SUSTAINABILITY)DEVELOPMENT”)MOST!DIRECTLY!SUPPORTS!THE!SAYING!“THINK!
GLOBAL,!ACT!LOCAL”.!
A. PRINCIPLE!OF!SUBSIDIARY!
B. POLLUTER!PAYS!PRINCIPLE!
C. COMMON!BUT!DIFFERENTIATED!RESPONSIBILITY!
D. DUTY!TO!CARE!AND!NOT!CAUSE!ENVIRONMENTAL!HARM!
!
237.!!ACCORDING!TO!THEORIST!OF!“SOCIAL!DEVELOPMENT”!AND!“SUSTAINABLE!DEVELOPMENT”,!WHAT!IS!THE!
RELATIONSHIP!BETWEEN!THE!CONCEPTS!OF!“GROWTH”!AND!“DEVELOPMENT”?!
A. THESE!TWO!REALITIES!ARE!ESSENTIALLY!SIMILAR,!HENCE!INTERCHANGEABLE!IN!USE.!
B. GROWTH!REFERS!TO!THE!ENTIRE!MACRONECONOMY!WHILE!DEVELOPMENT!REFERS!TO!PEOPLE!AND!
SOCIETY!
C. GROWTH!IS!A!PRENCONDITION!TO!DEVELOPMENT!BUT!NOT!ENOUGH!IN!ITSELF;!IT!IS!NECESSARY!BUT!
NOT!SUFFICIENT!CONDITION.!
D. GROWTH!IS!MERELY!QUANTITATIVE!WHILE!DEVELOPMENT!IS!THOROUGHLY!QUALITATIVE!
E. GROWTH!IS!INDICATIVE!BY!INCOME!AND!INFRASTRUCTURE,!WHILE!DEVELOPMENT!IS!INDICATED!BY!
TRANQUILITY,!PEACE!AND!ORDER!
!
238.!!THE!FOLLOWING!ARE!CENTRAL!QUESTIONS!OF!PLANNING!AND!MANAGEMENT.!WHICH!QUESTION!SEEKS!
TO!DETERMINE!EFFICACY!OR!SUCCESS!OF!A!CHOSEN!OPTION!OR!COURSE!OF!ACTION?!
A. “WHERE!ARE!WE!NOW?”!
B. “WHERE!ARE!WE!GOING?”!
C. “WHERE!DO!WE!WANT!TO!BE?”!
D. “HOW!DO!WE!GET!THERE?”!
E. “WHAT!RESOURCES!DO!WE!NEED!TO!GET!THERE?”!
F. “HOW!DO!WE!KNOW!IF!IT!IS!WORKING?”!
!
239.!IN!WHAT!SENSE!DOES!“PROFESSIONAL)PLANNING”!DIFFERS!FROM!“GENERIC”,!“COMMON!SENSICAL”,!OR!
“EVERYDAY”!PLANNING?!
A. THERE!IS!NO!DIFFERENCE!BECAUSE!PLANNING!IS!“UBIQUITOUS”!AND!CAN!BE!DONE!BY!ANYONE,!
ANYTIME,!ANYWHERE.!
B. PROFESSIONAL!PLANNING!HAS!SCOPE!AND!GOALS!THAT!TRANSCEND!ONE!PERSON!OR!GROUP!WHILE!
GENERIC!PLANNING!IS!ESSENTIALLY!ACTIONNPLANNING!ON!FAMILIAR!PROBLEMS!WITH!MUCH!LATITUDE!
FOR!PERSONAL!FLEXIBILITY.!
C. PROFESSIONAL!PLANNING!EXAMINES!ONLY!THE!“NATURAL!ENVIRONMENT”!WHILE!BUSINESS!PLANNING!
CONSIDERS!BOTH!“POLICY!ENVIRONMENT’!AND!“MARKET!ENVIRONMENT.”!
D. OBJECT!OF!PROFESSIONAL!PLANNING!IS!“SOCIETY!AND!NATURE”,!WHILE!BENEFICIARY!OF!EVERYDAY!
PLANNING!IS!ONLY!“ONESELF”.!
!
240.!!THIS!TYPE!OF!PLANNING!HAS!ALSO!BEEN!CALLED!‘SYPNOTIC’,!‘STATIC’,!‘NORMATIVE’,!AND!‘UTOPIAN’,!
BECAUSE!IT!ASSUMES!A!PRIORI!THAT!PROFESSIONAL!PLANNERS!HAVE!THE!INTELLIGENCE,!NOBLE!INTENTIONS,!
AND!EXPERTISE!TO!SYNTHESIZE!EXTENSIVE!DATA,!ANALYZE!A!RELATIVELY!PREDICTABLE!WORLD,!AND!DECIDE!
RIGHTLY!ON!CRUCIAL!QUESTION!OF!BROADER!PUBLIC!INTEREST.!
A. EQUITY!OR!ACTIVIST!OR!ADVOCACY!PLANNING!
B. TRADITIONAL!PLANNING!OR!COMMAND!PLANNING!OR!IMPERATIVE!PLANNING!
C. STRATEGIC!PLANNING!
D. RATIONALNCOMPREHENSIVE!PLANNING!
!
241.!!THE!MAIN!CONTRIBUTION!OF!NORBERT!WEINER’S!“CYBERNETICS”!TO!THE!“SYSTEMS'THEORY'OF'
PLANNING”!IS!THE!PRINCIPLE!THAT!PLANNING!SHOULD!BE:!
A. CYCLICAL,!ITERATIVE,!AND!SELFNCORRECTING!
B. WIDENRANGING!AND!EXHAUSTIVE!
C. FREENWHEELING!AND!OPEN!ENDED!
D. RIGOROUS,!EXACT!AND!MATHEMATICAL!
!
242.!!THE!DEVELOPMENT!OF!PLANNING!THEORY!AFTER!WORLD!WAR!II!AS!INFLUENCED!BY!THE!SCHOOLS!OF!
POLICY!PLANNING,!ADVOCACY!OR!EQUITY!PLANNING,!TRANSACTIVE!PLANNING!AND!COMMUNICATIVE!
PLANNING!HAS!EMPHASIZED!THE)CORE)PRINCIPLE!THAT:!
A. A!PLAN!SHOULD!BE!A!CLEAR,!CONCISE!AND!USERNFRIENDLY!DOCUMENT!
B. A!PLAN!CAN!ONLY!INDICATE!PIECEMEAL!AND!INCREMENTAL!CHANGES!IN!PROCESS!CALLED!“MUDDLING!
THROUGH”!
C. PLANNING!PROCESS!IS!AS!IMPORTANT!AS!PLANNING!OUTPUT!
D. THE!POOR!AND!THE!MARGINALIZED!ALWAYS!KNOW!WHAT!IS!BEST!FOR!SOCIETY!
!
243.!!WHICH!SCHOOL!OF!THOUGHT!MAINTAINS!THAT!PLANNERS!SHOULD!ABANDON!THEIR!PRESUMED!NEUTRAL!
STANCE!AND!INSTEAD!ADOPT!THE!SIDE!‘THE!POOR!AND!THE!DISADVANTAGE”!TO!DEMAND!FOR!CORRECTIVE!OR!
REMEDIAL!MEASURES!FROM!THE!STATE!AND!FORM!THE!MARKET!THROUGH!“PRESSURE!FROM!BELOW”!BY!WAY!
OF!CONFLICT!CONFRONTATION,!CREATIVE!MASS!ACTIONS!AND!BACKROOM!NEGOTIATIONS?!
A. EQUITY!OR!ACTIVIST!PLANNING!
B. COMMUNICATIVE!PLANNING!
C. LIBERAL!PLURALISTIC!PLANNING!
D. DISJOINTED!INCREMENTALISM!
!
244.!!THESE!THINKERS!STARTED!THE!“SCHOOL!OF!TRANSACTIVE!PLANNING”!WHICH!LATER!ADVOCATED!THE!
RADICAL/CRITICAL!NOTION!THAT!PLANNING!SHOULD!SMASH!MYTHS!AND!MOBILIZE!PEOPLE!TO!CHANGE!
STRUCTURES!OF!DOMINATION!AND!SUBJUGATION!IN!SOCIETY.!
A. FRANCIS!STUART!CHAPIN,!GEORGE!CHADWICK,!REXFORD!TUGWELL!
B. NORMAN!KRUMHOLTZ,!JOHN!FRIEDMANN!
C. PAUL!BLUMBERG,!CAROLE!PATERMAN,!PAUL!BERNSTEIN!
D. CHARLES!LINDBLOOM,!RIBERT!DAHL,!MEL!WEBBER!
!
245.!!ACCORDING!TO!DAVID!HARVEY!AND!RAY!PAHL,!PLANNING!IS!LESS!A!MEANS!FOR!URBAN!RENEWAL,!BUT!
MORE!OF!“AN!AGENT!OF!CHANGE!AND!DEVELOPMENT”!IN!ITS!OWN!RIGHT,!LINKED!TO!ALTERNATIVE!THEORIES!
OF!THE!CITY!THAT!SEEK!TO!ADDRESS!POVERTY!AND!INEQUALITY.!PLANNERS!SHOULD!BE!REGARDED!AS!
CREATORS!OF!URBAN!SPACE,!NOT!MERE!VALUENNEUTRAL!ARBITERS!OF!DEVELOPMENT!PROPOSALS.!
A. CRITICAL/RADICAL!PLANNING!
B. COMMUNICATIVE!PLANNING!
C. LIBERAL!PLANNING!
D. ACTIVIST!PLANNING!
!
246.!!‘ALLOCATIVE’!OR!‘REGULATORY’!OR!‘POLICY)PLANNING’!IN!THE!TRADITION!OF!HERBERT!GANS!AND!TJ!
KENT!IS!CONCERNED!WITH!SOLVING!CHRONIC!PROBLEMS!OF!SOCIETY!BY!ALLOCATING!RESOURCES!EFFICIENTLY!
AND!ENACTING!LAWS,!RULES!AND!STANDARDS.!IT!IS!THEREFORE!CLOSEST!TO!WHICH!PLANNING!APPROACH?!
A. RATIONALNCOMPREHENSIVE!
B. TRADITIONAL!OR!COMMAND!PLANNING!
C. STRATEGIC!PLANNING!
D. COMMUNICATIVE!PLANNING!
!
247.!!STRATEGIC!PLANNING!AS!DESCRIBED!BY!HENRY!MINTZBERG!IS!CALLED!“INNOVATIVE)PLANNING”!FOR!THE!
FOLLOWING!REASONS!EXCEPT!ONE:!
A. BECAUSE,!AS!IN!STRATEGIES!AND!TACTICS,!A!PLAN!HAS!TO!BE!CALCULATING!AND!EVEN!MACHIAVELLIAN!
B. BECAUSE!IT!SEEKS!TO!INTRODUCE!A!NOVEL!GOAL,!PRODUCT,!PROCESS!OR!PATTERN!
C. BECAUSE!IT!CENTERS!ON!ORGANIZATIONAL!FITNESS!TO!CREATE!OR!SHAPE!CHANGE!
D. BECAUSE!IT!MOBILIZES!THE!WHOLE!ORGANIZATION!TO!MOVE!TOWARDS!A!NEW!DIRECTION!
!
248.!!WHICH!PRINCIPLE!OF!STRATEGIC!PLANNING!RALLIES!THE!ORGANIZATION!AND!UNIFIES!ITS!MEMBERS!
AROUND!A!COMMON!PURPOSE?!
A. “SOLVE!MAJOR!ISSUES!AT!MACRO!LEVELS”!
B. “AVOID!EXCESSIVE!INWARD!AND!SHORTNTERM!THINKING”!
C. “BE!VISIONARY!TO!CONVEY!A!DESIRED!ENDNSTATE!BUT!FLEXIBLE!ENOUGH!TO!ALLOW!AND!TO!
ACCOMMODATE!CHANGES”!
D. “ENGAGE!STAKEHOLDERS!TO!PULL!TOGETHER!BEHIND!A!SINGLE!GAME!PLAN!FOR!EXECUTION”!
E. ‘ESTABLISH!PRIORITIES!ON!WHAT!WILL!BE!ACCOMPLISHED!IN!THE!FUTURE”!
F. “COMMUNICATE!TO!EVERYONE!WHAT!IS!MOST!IMPORTANT”!
!
249.!!IN!STRATEGIC!PLANNING!WHAT!IS!THE!CRITERIA!TO!DETERMINE!THE!BEST!STRATEGIC!OPTION?!
A. LUCRATIVE!AND!PROFITABLE!
B. VIABLE!AND!FEASIBLE!
C. CRITICAL!AND!URGENT!
D. BENIGN!AND!MUNIFICENT!
!
250.!!IN!THE!“STRENGTHS,!WEAKNESSES,!OPPORTUNITIES,!THREATS”!TOOLS!AS!POPULARIZED!BY!EXPONENTS!OF!
STRATEGIC!PLANNING,!THE!ELEMENTS,!ASPECTS!OR!CHARACTERISTICS!THAT!NEED!TO!BE!REINFORCED,!ARE!
ENUMERATED!UNDER!WHICH!QUADRANT?!
A. “S”!
B. “W”!
C. “O”!
D. “T”!
!
251.!!ACCORDING!TO!KARL!WITTFOGELS!“HYDRAULIC)CIVILIZATION”)MODEL)OF)URBANIZATION)(1957),!WHAT!
WOULD!EXPLAIN!THE!EMERGENCE!IN!ANTIQUITY!(4000N200!BCE)!OF!THE!EARLIEST!CITIES!ALSO!KNOWN!AS!
“NECROPOLIS”!AND!TEMPLE!TOWNS?!
A. IRRIGATION!FOR!FARMS!REVOLUTIONIZED!BOTH!ECONOMIC!PRODUCTION!AND!SOCIAL!ORGANIZATION!
AS!IT!RESULTED!IN!FOOD!SURPLUS,!WHICH!NECESSITATED!LARGE!WAREHOUSES!IN!PREPARATION!OF!
WAR!OR!DROUGHT.!
B. STRONGMAN!RULE!WAS!HASTENED!BY!THE!NEED!TO!DISTRIBUTE!WATER!FOR!IRRIGATION!AND!TO!
RATION!FOOD.!
C. WITH!ABUNDANT!FOOD,!CLASSES!OF!NONNFARMING!WORKERS!EMERGED!WHICH!EVENTUALLY!LED!TO!
“DIVISION!OF!LABOR”!AND!“OCCUPATIONAL!SPECIALIZATION”.!
D. CITYNBUILDING!CENTERED!ON!IMMORTALIZING!KINGS!AND!HEROES!IN!GODLIKE!WORSHIP!THROUGH!
GRANDIOSE!MONUMENTS,!TOMBS,!FINERIES,!PYRAMIDS,!MAUSOLEUMS,!SHRINES,!ALTARS,!TEMPLES,!
ZIGGURATS,!OBELISK,!ETC.!
!
252.!!DR.!GIDEON!SJOBERG!(1933)!CLAIMS!THAT!CULTURAL!EXCHANGE!FROM!OVERLAND!TRADE!AND!
COMMERCE!IN!PRENINDUSTRIAL!ERA!FOSTERED!THE!FORMATION!OF!THE!CITIES,!AS!LITERATE!INDIVIDUALS,!
CRAFTSMEN!AND!TOOLNMAKERS!CAME!TOGETHER!TO!DEBATE!AND!TEST!EACH!OTHER’S!IDEAS.!COMPETITION!
AMONG!NONNFARMING!SPECIALIST!GAVE!BIRTH!TO!THE!‘SCIENTIFIC!METHOD’!AS!WELL!AS!TO!TECHNOLOGICAL!
ADVANCES!IN!PLANT!CULTIVATION!AND!ANIMAL!BREEDING.!
A. ACCULTURATION!AND!ENCULTURATION!
B. SOCIONCULTURAL!THEORY!OF!URBANIZATION!
C. DIFFUSION!OF!TECHNOLOGY!INFORMATION!
D. THE!SCIENTIFIC!REVOLUTION!
!
253.!!FOR!HIS!GRIDNIRON!DESIGN!OF!ANCIENT!GREEK!SETTLEMENTS!SUCH!AS!PRIENE,!PIRAEUS!AND!RHODES,!HE!
IS!ACKNOWLEDGED!AS!THE!FATHER!OF!TOWN!PLANNING!IN!WESTERN!CIVILIZATION.!
A. VITRUVIUS!OF!ROME!
B. PTOLEMY!
C. HIPPODAMUS!OF!MILETUS!
D. APPOLODORUS!OF!DAMASCUS!
!
254.!!WHICH!MAJOR!CONTRIBUTION!OF!CLASSICAL!GREEK!CIVILIZATION!700N404!BCE!TO!TOWN!PLANNING?!
A. POLYTHEISM!OR!PANTHEON!OF!GREEK!GODS!WHICH!SANCTIFIED!ALL!ELEMENTS!OF!NATURE!AS!BEING!
ANIMATED!BY!DIVINE!SPIRIT.!
B. THE!DELINEATION!BETWEEN!RELIGIOUS!SPACE!&!SECULAR!CIVIC!SPACE!AS!SEPARATE!BUT!
COMPLEMENTARY!SPHERES!IN!SOCIETY!
C. THE!CONCEPT!OF!‘POLLS’!OR!(LATIN)!‘CIVITAS’!WHICH!MEANS!THAT!ONLY!RESIDENTS!OF!CITIES!CAN!
TRULY!BE!CALLED!‘CIVILIZED’!
D. THE!PRACTICE!OF!DIRECT!DEMOCRACY!AND!THE!NOTION!OF!CITIZENSHIP!WHICH!INCLUDED!WOMEN,!
THE!POOR,!SLAVES!AND!ALIENS.!
!
255.!!THEY!WERE!CONSIDERED!THE!EARLIEST!REGIONAL!PLANNERS!IN!HISTORY!(27!BCEN410!AD)!BECAUSE!THEY!
PLANNED!THEIR!CITIES!AND!SETTLEMENTS!WITH!TRANSPORT!NETWORK,!CIVIL!WORKS,!UTILITIES!AND!MILITARY!
DEFENSE,!FOREMOST!IN!THEIR!MINDS.!
A. MACEDONIAN!GREEKS!UNDER!ALEXANDER!THE!GREAT!
B. ROMANS!UNDER!THE!DICTATORIAL!EMPERORS!
C. PERSIANS!UNDER!CYRUS!THE!GREAT!
D. EGYPTIANS!UNDER!RAMESES,!THUTMOSES!AND!NEFERTITI!
!
256.!WHAT!THEORY!OF!URBANIZATION!BY!RL!CARNEIRO!(1970)!BEST!EXPALINS!“FORTRESS!CITIES”!DURING!THE!
DARK!AGES!476N800AD?!
A. URBANIZATION!WAS!HASTENED!BY!CULTURAL!EXCHANGE!RESULTING!FROM!OVERLAND!TRADE!
CARAVANS!
B. PEOPLE!SETTLED!TOGETHER!AROUND!STRATEGIC!PLACES!WHICH!COULD!DIRECTLY!BENEFIT!FROM!
MARITIME!TRADE.!
C. STRONGMAN!RULE!WAS!NECESSITATED!IN!ORDER!TO!TO!DISTRIBUTE!WATER!FOR!IRRIGATION.!
D. AFTER!THE!COLLAPSE!OF!ARMYNBASED!IMPERIAL!GOVT,!PEOPLE!HAD!TO!CONGREGATE!IN!CITIES!FOR!
BETTER!PROTECTION!FROM!PLUNDERERS!AND!MARAUDERS.!
!
257.!!2,500!“CATHEDRAL)TOWNS”!DURING!MIDDLE!AGES!800N1440!AD!SHOWCASED!THE!ASCENDANCY!OF!THE!
CHURCH!IN!ALL!AFFAIRS!WHETHER!RELIGIOUS!OR!SECULAR,!AND!THESE!MEDIEVAL!CITIES!DISPLAYED!THE!
CHARACTERISTICS!EXCEPT!ONE:!
A. NARROW,!TWISTY,!IRREGULAR!STREETS!RADIATING!FROM!THE!MAIN!CENTER!(RADIO!CENTRIC)!
B. CONGESTION!WAS!COMMON;!INFRASTRUCTURE!FOR!GARBAGE!AND!SEWERAGE!WAS!ABSENT;!
SANITATION!WAS!POOR;!
C. VULNERABLE!TO!EPIDEMICS!SUCH!AS!BUBONIC!PLAGUE,!CHOLERA,!TYPHOID!FEVER,!SCARLET!FEVER,!ETC.!
D. LOSS!OF!PRIVACY!DUE!TO!OVERCROWDING!RESULTED!IN!LOOSE!SEXUAL!MORALS!OF!THE!POPULATION!
!
258.!!OUTSIDE!THE!WALLS!OF!MEDIEVAL!TOWNS!AND!CITIES,!LAND!WAS!USED!COLLECTIVELY!AND!DEFINED!AS!
FOLLOWS:!‘COMMON!OF!PASTURE’,!‘COMMON!OF!TURBARY’,!!‘COMMON!OF!PISCARY’,!!‘COMMON!OF!
ESTOVERS’,!AND!‘COMMON!OF!SOIL’.!WHICH!ONE!REFERS!TO!EVERYONE’S!RIGHT!TO!TAKE!FISH,!GAME,!OR!FOWL!
FROM!COMMUNAL!LAND?!
A. COMMON!OF!PASTURE!
B. COMMON!OF!PISCARY!
C. COMMON!OF!SOIL!
D. COMMON!OF!TURBARY!
!
259.!!EXCEPT!FOR!ONE!CITY!BELOW,!“MERCANTILE!CITIES”!DURING!THE!RENAISSANCE!PERIOD!SERVED!AS!
TRADING!POSTS!FOR!OVERSEAS!COMMERCE!AND!PLAYED!KEY!ROLE!IN!THE!ACCUMULATION!OF!GOLD!AND!
SILVER!BY!THE!EUROPEAN!MONARCHIES!AND!PRINCIPALALITIES.!
A. VENICE,!ITALY!
B. AMSTERDAM,!THE!NETHERLANDS!
C. DORTMUND,!GERMANY!
D. LISBON,!PORTUGAL!
!
260.!!ACCORDING!TO!MAX!WEBER!IN!‘THE)PROTESTANT)ETHIC)AND)THE)SPIRIT)OF)CAPITALISM)(1904)’,!WHAT!
WAS!THE!KEY!FACTOR!IN!TRANSITION!FROM!THE!MERCANTILE!ECONOMIES!CONTROLLED!BY!EUROPEAN!
MONARCHIES!TO!PROFITNDRIVEN!INDIVIDUAL!ENTERPRISE!OR!LAISSEZNFAIRE?!
A. ENDEMIC!CORRUPTION!IN!HIGHLY!STRUCTURED!CATHOLIC!SOCIETY!MADE!PEOPLE!LESS!IMAGINATIVE!
AND!LESS!ENTREPRENEURIAL!
B. EARLY!PROYESTANTS!GENERALLY!EMPHASIZED!HARDNWORK,!SIMPLICITY,!THRIFT,!DISCIPLINE,!SAVINGS!&!
RENINVESTMENT!OF!SAVINGS!
C. ROYAL!TREASURIES!WENT!BANKRUPT!DUE!TO!CATHOLICS!CULTURE!OF!EXCESS,!LAVISH!CELEBRATIONS,!
OVERINDULGENCE,!ETC.!
D. PROTESTANT!WORK!WITHOUT!THE!BAGGAGE!OF!SEVEN!CAPITAL!SINS!SUCH!AS!GREED,!AVARICE,!ENVY.!
LUST,!GLUTTONY,!ETC.!
!
261.!!THE!FIRST!GRIDNIRON!OR!ORTHOGONAL!STREET!PATTERN!IN!CONTINENTAL!AMERICA!WAS!DESIGNED!IN!
1682!BY:!
A. WILLIAM!PENN!FOR!PHILADELPHIA.!PENNSYLVANIA!
B. PIERRE!CHARLES!L’!ENFANT!FOR!WASHINGTON!D.C.!
C. PETER!MINUIT!FOR!MANHATTAN!ISLAND,!N.Y.!
D. JOHN!WINTHROP!FOR!TRIMOUNTAINE,!BOSTON!COMMON!
!
262.!!BEFORE!THE!RISE!OF!“SCIENTIFIC!SOCIALISM”!BASED!ON!CONCEPT!CLASSNSTRUGGLE,!NORMATIVE!OR!
UTOPIAN!SOCIALISM!BASED!ON!CHRISTIAN!VALUES!WAS!SHOWCASED!BY!THIS!PHILANTHROPIST!IN!NEW!
LANARK,!SCOTLAND!(1799)!WHERE!EXCELLENT!WORKING!CONDITIONS,!DECENT!HOUSING,!AND!CHEAP!SERVICES!
FOR!THE!WORKING!CLASS!INCREASED!PRODUCTIVITY!AND!PROFIT.!ITS!FOUNDER!WAS!LATER!ACKNOWLEDGED!
AS!THE!FATHER!OF!THE!COOPERATIVE!MOVEMENT.!
A. ROBERT!OWEN!
B. JOHN!CADBURY!
C. JAMES!BUCKINGHAM!
D. SIR!CHRISTOPHER!WREN!
!
263.!!THE!MILESTONE!THAT!MARKED!THE!START!OF!INDUSTRIAL!AGE!IN!1769!AND!CHANGED!THE!PRIMARY!
MODE!OF!ECONOMIC!PRODUCTION!WAS:!
A. DISCOVERY!OF!CRUDE!OIL,!COAL!AND!GAS!AS!FUELS!
B. INVENTION!OF!STEAM!ENGINE!AS!SOURCE!OF!POWER!
C. INVENTION!OF!PRINTING!PRESS!TO!PROPAGATE!SCINTIFIC!KNOWLEDGE!
D. INVENTION!OF!TRAINS,!TRAMS!AND!RAIL!FOR!FASTER!MOVEMENT!OF!GOODS!
!
264.!!AT!THE!START!OF!19TH!CENTURY!INDUSTRIALIZATION!IN!ENGLAND!BEFORE!THE!EMERGENCE!OF!FULLN
PLEDGED!PROFESSIONAL!PLANNERS,!WHO!WERE!THE!EARLIEST!URBAN!PLANNING!PRACTITIONERS!WHO!
ADDRESSED!THE!CITYNWIDE!PROBLEMS!INCLUDING!‘GERM!VERSUS!FILTH”!DILEMMA.!
A. MICROBIOLOGIST,!CHEMIST,!PAHRMACISTS!
B. SHELTER!SPECIALIST,!HOUSING!DEVELOPERS,!CONTRACTORS!
C. INDUSTRIAL!ENGINEERS,!MACHINE!ENGINEERS,!CIVIL!ENGINEERS!
D. DOCTORS,!EPIDEMOLOGIST,!SANITARIANS,!PUBLIC!HEALTH!PERSONNEL!
!
265.!!RECOGNIZED!AS!“FATHER!OF!LANDSCAPE!ARCHITECTURE”,!HE!ALSO!BEGAN!THE!“PARKS!AND!
CONSERVATION!MOVEMENT”!IN!THE!U.S.!WHICH!ADVANCED!THE!IDEA!THAT!CITY!PARKS!AND!GREENWAYS!CAN!
STRUCTURE!URBAN!SPACE,!STIMULATE!MIXED!USES,!DAMPEN!CLASS!CONFLICT,!HEIGHTEN!FAMILY!VALUES,!AND!
SERVE!AS!AID!TO!SOCIAL!REFORM.!
A. FREDERICK!LAW!OLMSTEAD!SR.!
B. JOHN!MUIR!
C. GIFFORD!PINCHOT!
D. GEORGE!PERKINS!MARSH!
!
266.!!HE!WROTE!THE!FAMOUS!BOOK!“!GARDEN!CITIES!OF!TOMORROW”!(1902)!AND!BECAME!A!MOST!
INFLUENTIAL!THINKER!WITH!IS!EFFORT!TO!COMBINE!THE!BEST!EFFORT!OF!“TOWN”!WITH!THE!BEST!FEATURES!OF!
COUNRY!AS!SHOWN!IN!HIS!DIAGRAM!OF!THREENMAGNETS.!
A. SIR!FREDERIC!OSBORN!
B. SIR!EBENEZER!HOWARD!
C. SIR!PATRICK!LESLIE!ABERCROMBIE!
D. SIR!RAYMOND!UNWIN!
!
267.!!THE!GARDEN!CITY!MOVEMENT!IN!THE!UNITED!KINGDOM!DIRECTLY!ADDRESSED!LARGENSCALE!PROBLEMS!
CAUSED!BY!THE:!
A. THE!SCIENTIFIC!REVOLUTION!
B. BRITISH!AMERICAN!WAR!OF!INDEPENDENCE!
C. INDUSTRIAL!REVOLUTION!
D. WORLD!WAR!II!AND!HOLOCAUST!
!
268.!!SUPERVISED!BY!SIR!RAYMOND!UNWIN,!THE!FIRST!GARDEN!CITY!BUILT!IN!THE!UNITED!KINGDOM!(1903N
1920)!WAS:!
A. LETCHWORTH!
B. LONDON!
C. WELWYN!
D. HAMPSTEAD!
E. MILTON!KEYNES!
!
269.!!THE!GARDEN!CITY!MOVEMENT!SHAPED!THE!BRITISH!POLICY!OF!“URBAN!CONTAINMENT”,!WITH!THE!
FOLLOWING!FEATURES,!EXCEPT!ONE:!
A. GREENBELTS,!GREEN!GIRDLES!AND!CLEAR!EDGES!FOR!ALL!CITIES!
B. MASS!TRANSIT!TO!LINK!“MOTHER!CITY”!WITH!GARDEN!CITIES!
C. HOMESTEAD!OF!ABOUT!ONE!ACRE!PER!FAMILY!
D. PRESERVATION!OF!MORE!FARMLAND!&!OPEN!SPACE!
!
270.!!IN!1970,!WHAT!UNIVERSITY!OFFERED!THE!FIRST!ACADEMIC!DEGREE!COURSE!IN!CITY!PLANNING!UNDER!ITS!
LANDSCAPE!ARCHITECTURE!DEPARTMENT,!WHICH!PRORAM!LATER!SPUN!OFF!TO!BECOME!THE!FIRST!EVER!
SCHOOL!OF!PLANNING!IN!1929?!
A. OXFORD!UNIVERSITY!
B. HARVARD!UNIVERSITY!
C. CAMBRIDGE!UNIVERSITY!
D. UNIVERSITY!OF!HEIDELBERG!
!
271.!!CONSIDERED!AS!THE!“FATHER!OF!CITY!PLANNING!IN!AMERICA”,!HE!PREPARED!PLANS!FOR!THE!CITY!OF!
MANILA!AND!THE!CITY!OF!BAGUIO!FROM!1903!TO!1911!WITH!THE!ASSISTANCE!OF!PIERCE!ANDERSSON.!
A. JOHN!HAY!
B. WILLIAM!HOWARD!TAFT!
C. ROBERT!KENNON!
D. DANIEL!HUDSON!BURNHAM!
E. FRANCIS!B.!HARRISON!
!
272.!!“MAKE!NO!LITTLE!PLANS,!THEY!HAVE!NO!MAGIC!AND!PROBABLY!THEMSELVES,!WILL!NOT!BE!REALIZED.!
MAKE!BIG!PLANS;!AIM!HIGH!IN!HOPE!AND!WORK,!REMEBERING!THAT!A!NOBLE,!LOGICAL!DIAGRAM!ONCE!
RECORDED!WILL!NEVER!DIE”.!
A. LEONE!BATTISTA!ALBERTI!
B. DANIEL!H.!BURNHAM!
C. BARON!GEORGES!EUGENES!HAUSMANN!
D. PIERRE!CHARLES!L’ENFANT!
!
273.!!“FIRST!WE!SHAPE!OUR!BUILDINGS;!THEREAFTER,!OUR!BUILDINGS!SHAPED!US.”!THIS!QUOTATION!IS!
ATTRIBUTED!TO:!
A. WINSTON!CHURCHILL!
B. GEORGE!WASHINGTON!
C. THEODORE!ROOSEVELT!
D. NAPOLEON!BONAPARTE!
!
274.!!THIS!WAS!THE!MOVEMENT!THAT!STRESSED!THE!DESIGN!OF!SETTLEMENTS!ACCORDING!TO!THE!PRINCIPLES!
OF!“GRANDEUR,!EXUBERANCE,!MONUMENTALITY,!DRAM!AND!TENSION,!COHESIVENESS!AND!SYMMETRY”!AS!
DEMONSTARTED!IN!THE!PLANNING!OF!WASHINGTON!D.C.,!PARIS,!CHICAGO,!SAN!FRANCISCO,!AMONG!OTHERS.!
A. CITY!BEAUTIFUL!MOVEMENT!
B. CITY!FUNCTIONAL!MOVEMENT!
C. CITY!EFFICIENT!MOVEMENT!
D. NEW!TOWNS!MOVEMENT!
!
275.!!THE!US!SUPREME!COURT’S!DECISION!TO!UPHOLD!POWER!OF!AN!LGU!TO!REGULATE!LAND!USE!THROUGH!
ORDINANCE!IN!THE!LANDMARK!CASE!OF!‘VILLAGE!OF!EUCLID!vs.!AMBER!REALTY!COMPANY”!IS!RECKONED!!AS!
THE!WATERSHED!MOMENT!FOR:!
A. CITY!BEAUTIFUL!MOVEMENT!
B. CITY!FUNCTIONAL!MOVEMENT!
C. CITY!EFFICIENT!MOVEMENT!
D. REGIONAL!CITY!MOVEMENT!
!
276.!AMONG!THE!CITY!BEAUTIFUL!MOVEMENT!PLANNERS,!HE!WAS!THE!EARLISET!TO!ARTICULATE!THE!
PRINCIPLES!OF!URBAN!DESIGN!IN!“CITY!PLANNING!ACCORDING!TO!ARTISTIC!PRINCIPLES”!(1889).!
A. CAMILO!SITTE!
B. ILDEFONSO!CERDA!
C. LUCIO!COSTA!
D. OSCAR!NEIMEYER!
E. WILLIAM!BURLEY!GRIFFIN!
!
277.!!“A!TOWN!IS!A!TOOL!FOR!FREE!MAN!TO!OVERCOME!CHAOS!AND!LACK!OF!ORDER…A!CITY!IS!THE!GRIP!OF!
MAN!UPON!NATURE…GEOMETRY!IS!THE!MEANS!WHEREBY!WE!PERCIEVE!THE!EXTERNAL!WORLD!AND!EXPRESS!
THE!WORLD!WITHIN!US…GEOMETRY!IS!THE!FOUNDATION…MACHINERY!IS!THE!RESULT!OF!GEOMETRY.!THE!AGE!
IN!WHICH!WE!LIVE!IS!THEREFORE!ESSENTIALLY!A!GEOMETRIC!ONE..TOWN!PLANNING!DEMANDS!UNIFORMITY!IN!
DETAIL!AND!A!SENSE!OF!MOVEMENT!IN!GENERAL!LAYOUT…”!
A. GORDON!CULLEN!
B. LE!CORBUSIER!
C. ALDO!ROSSI!
D. THOMAS!SHARP!
E. ROY!WORKSETT!
!
278.!!THE!MAJOR!OBJECTIVE!OF!LE!CORBUSIER’S!(CHARLESNEDOUARD!JEANNERET)!CUBIST!“RADIANT!CITY”!
DESIGN!(1923)!MEANT!FOR!3!MILLION!PEOPLE!CONSISTING!OF!‘UNIFORM!60NSTOREY!TOWERNBLOCKS!SET!IN!
HUGE!PARK’!WAS!TO:!
A. USE!HIGHNRISE!STRUCTURES!TO!IMPROVE!SAFETY!OF!PEOPLE!AND!SECURITY!OF!VITAL!INSTITUION!
B. INCREASE!CITY!DENSITY!OF!BUILDING!HIGH!ON!SMALL!PART!OF!LAND!
C. INCREASE!TH!EPUBLIC’S!ENJOYMENT!OF!ENVIRONMENTAL!AMENITIES!AND!VIEWSCAPES!FROM!VARYING!
HEIGHTS!
D. CAPTURE!THE!RETAIL!MARKET!WHICH!JUSTIFIES!WHY!PRICES!ARE!NECESSARILY!HIGH!IN!CENTRAL!
LOCATIONS!OR!CBDs.!
!
279.!!WHICH!OF!THE!FOLLOWING!VALID!CRITIQUES!OF!LE!CORBUSIER’S!(CHARLESNEDOUARD!JEANNERET)!
MODERNIST!CITY!DESIGN!PERTAINS!TO!THE!SONCALLED!“SPATIAL!PARADOX’:!
A. ARCHITECTURAL!DETERMINISM!OR!THE!BELIEF!THAT!PHYSICAL!DESIGN!AND!VISUAL!AESTHETICS!ARE!
SUFFICIENT!TO!ADDRESS!THE!BASIC!PROBLEMS!OF!POPULATION!
B. DEVOID!OF!THOROUGH!STUDIES!ON!DEMOGRAHIC,!SOCIAL,!ECONOMIC!AND!TRANSPORT!ASPECTS!
C. GOAL!TO!DECONGEST!THE!CITY!BY!INCREASING!CONGESTION!AT!ITS!CORE!
D. REJECTION!OF!HISTORIC!PRECEDENTS!AS!INSPIRATIONS!FOR!OVERALL!DESIGN!
E. LACK!OF!HUMANNSCALE!AS!UNIFORM!TALL!STRUCTURES!TEND!TO!BE!DISORIENTING!WHILE!EXTREMELYN
VAST!OPEN!SPACES!LOOK!INHOSPITABLE!TO!HUMANS!
!
280.!!DON!ANTURO!SORIA!Y!MATA,!A!SPANISH!ENGINEER,!SUGGESTED!THAT!THE!LOGIC!OF!UTILITY!
CONNECTIONS!(ELECTRICITY,!SEWER,!TELEPHONE!LINES,!GAS!AND!WATER!PIPES)!BE!THE!BASIS!OF!CITY!LAYNOUT;!
THUS!HE!CONSIDERED!THE!IMPACT!OF!TECHNOLOGY!IN!HIS!CONCEPT!OF!AN!ELONGATED!URBAN!FORM!
RUNNING!FROM!CADIZ!SPAIN!UP!TO!ST.!PETERSBURG,!RUSSIA.!
A. CIUDAD!CONECTADA!
B. CIUDAD!ELONGADA!
C. CIUDAD!LINEAL!
D. CIUDAD!LARGA!
!
281.!!TONY!GARNIER!(1917)!CONCEPTUALIZED!A!LUSH!GREEN!CITY!OF!ABOUT!35,000!INHABITANTS!WHERE!
“MAN!WOULD!RULE!BY!HIMSELF”,!THUS!THERE!WOULD!BE!NO!POLICE,!NO!CHURCHES,!NO!RIGID!FORMS!OF!
SOCIAL!CONTROL!IN!THIS!UTOPIAN!PLACE!COMPLETE!WITH!LANDSCAPE!HOMES,!FACTORIES,!TRADE,!SCHOOLS,!
TRANSPORT!AND!LEISURE!FACILITIES.!
A. ESPLANADE!
B. AXLENINDUSTRIELLE!
C. POSTNINDUSTRIAL!MOTOR!CITY!
D. LINEAR!INDUSTRIAL!CITY!
!
282.!!FRANK!LLOYD!WRIGHT!PROPOSED!AN!ALTERNATIVE!(1932)!TO!THE!CONGESTION!IN!HUGE!METROPOLIS!BY!
WAY!OF!URBAN!DECENTRALIZATION!WHEREIN!EACH!AMERICAN!FAMILY!WOULD!BE!GRANTED!AT!LEAST!ONE!
ACRE!OF!FEDERAL!LAND!IN!A!SELF!CONTAINED,!AGRONINDUSTRIAL!SETTLEMENT.!
A. ECONCITY!
B. BROADACRE!CITY!
C. EXURBIA!
D. MICROPOLIS!
E. SUBURBIA!
!
283.!!WHICH!OF!THE!FOLLOWING!FEATURES!DOES!NOT!DESCRIBE!THE!NEW!TOWN!CONCEPT!OF!CLARENCE!STEIN!
AS!SHOWCASED!AT!RADBURN,!NEW!JERSEY;!COLUMBIA,!MARYLAND;!GREENBELT,!MARYLAND;!GREENHILLS,!
OHIO;!GREENDALE,!WILCONSIN;!AND!GREENBROOK,!NJ:!
A. HUGE!MANUFACTURING!FIRM!AT!THE!CENTER!
B. SEPARATION!BETWEEN!PEDESTRIAN!TRAFFIC!AND!MOTOR!TRAFFIC!
C. GREEN!SPACES!WHICH!ARE!INTERCONNECTED!
D. SERIES!OF!SUPERBLOCKS!
E. PRIOR!LAND!ASSEMBLY!
F. NEIGHBORHOOD!CLUSTERS!
!
284.!!THE!NEW!TOWNS!MOVEMENT!OF!1920’s!MIGHT!HAVE!CONTRIBUTED!TO!SCATTERED!AND!UNCONTROLLED!
DEVELOPMENT!IN!CONTINENTAL!AMERICA!BUT!THE!MAIN!REASON!FOR!ITS!SUBURBAN!SPRAWL!AFTER!THE!WAR!
WAS:!
A. RAPID!FALL!OF!REAL!ESTATE!PRICES!IN!THE!COUNTRYSIDE!DUE!TO!FINANCIAL!MELTDOWN!FROM!SUBN
PRIME!LENDING!
B. INCREASED!VALUE!OF!RURAL!LAND!DUE!TO!HOOVER’S!INTERSTATE!HIGHWAY!ACT!OF!1956!WHICH!
FUNDED!FEDERAL!HIGHWAYS!AND!FREEWAYS!ACROSS!MANY!ESTATES!
C. THE!WIDESPREAD!USE!OF!COMMUTER!TRAINS!AND!MONORAIL!
D. THE!POPULARITY!OF!AUTOMOBILE!AS!MEANS!OF!TRANSPORTATION!
!
285.!!THE!PLANNER!WHO!SAID!THAT!“SURVEY”!IS!A!REQUISITE!FOR!PLANNING!IN!THE!FAMOUS!FRAMEWORK!
“SURVEYFANALYSISFPLAN”!WAS:!
A. DEMOGRIPHUS!
B. HERODOTUS!
C. GEDDES!
D. PERICLES!
!
286.!!HE!PROPOSED!THE!“NEIGHBORHOOD!UNIT”!(1929)!AS!A!SELFNCONTAINED!“GARDENNSUBURB”!BOUNDED!
BY!MAJOR!STREETS,!WITH!SHOPS!AT!INTERSECTION!AND!A!SCHOOL!IN!THE!MIDDLE;!ITS!SIZE!WOULD!DEFINED!BY!
SCHOOL’S!CATCHMENT!AREA!WITH!A!RADIUS!OF!QUARTER!MILE!OR!402!METERS.!THIS!INCORPORATED!GARDEN!
CITY!IDEAS!AND!ATTEMPTED!AT!SOME!KIND!OF!SOCIAL!ENGINEERING.!
A. CLARENCE!PERRY!
B. CLARENCE!STEIN!
C. CLARENCE!THOMAS!
D. CLARENCE!MCKAY!
!
287.!!‘SOCIAL)ENGINEERING’!REFERS!TO:!
A. DESIGNING!AND!BUILDING!SOCIAL!FACILITIES!AND!INFRASTRUCTURE!FOR!THE!PUBLIC!
B. MANIPULATING!AGE,!SEX,!ETHNICITY!AND!OTHER!DEMOGRAPHIC!FACTORS!OF!SOCIAL!GROUPS!
C. IMPLEMENTING!SERVICENORIENTED!SOCIAL!PROGRAMS!TO!MARGINALIZED!SOCIAL!SECTORS!
D. CHANGING!VALUES,!MINDSETS,!HABITS!AND!BEHAVIORS!OF!PEOPLE!TOWARDS!DESIRED!SOCIETAL!
GOALS!
!
288.!!A!SCOTTISH!BIOLOGIST!WHO!AUTHORED!THE!MASTERPIECE!ENTITLED!“CITIES!IN!EVOLUTION”!91915)!AND!
WHO!COINED!THE!TERMS!“FOLKNWORKNPLACE”,!“CITYNREGION’!AND!‘CONURBATION”!IS!ACKNOWLEDEGED!AS!
THE!FATHER!OF!REGIONAL!PLANNING.!
A. SIR!PATRICK!LESLIE!ABERCROMBIE!
B. SIR!PATRICK!GEDDES!
C. LEWIS!MUMFORD!
D. BARRY!PARKER!
!
289.!!HE!LED!THE!CRAFTING!OF!THE!REGIONAL!“GREATER!LONDON!PLAN!OF!1944”,!HE!DESIGNED!SOME!30!POSTN
WAR!NEW!TOWNS!APPROVED!BY!THE!BRITISH!PARLIAMENT,!INCLUDING!DONCASTER!AREA!AND!EAST!KENT,!IN!
WHICH!HE!USED!OPEN!SPACE!AS!STRUCTURING!ELEMENT.!
A. SIR!PATRICK!LESLIE!ABERCROMBIE!
B. SIR!PATRICK!GEDDES!
C. LEWIS!MUMFORD!
D. CHARLES!ABRAMS!
!
290.!!SHE!WAS!CALLED!A!“SUPERWOMAN”!WHO!SINGLEHANDEDLY!SPARKED!ENVIRONMENTAL!ACTIVISM!IN!THE!
1960sN70s!WITH!HER!RESEARCH!(SILENT!SPRING)!ON!THE!BIOMAGNIFICATIONS!OF!PESTICIDES!AND!CHEMICALS!
IN!THE!HUMAN!FOOD!CHAIN;!HER!ADVOCACIES!BORE!FRUIT!IN!THE!CREATON!OF!US!ENVIRONMENTAL!
PROTECTION!AGENCY!AND!ENVIRONMENTAL!IMPACT!ASSESSMENT!SYSTEM!IN!1970’s.!
A. GRO!HARLEM!BRUNDTLAND!
B. CATHERINE!BAUER!WURSTER!
C. RACHEL!LOUISE!CARSON!
D. MARTHA!C.!NUSSBAUM!
!
291.!!“SIRRA!CLUB’!IS!TO!JOHN!MUIR,!“AUBURN!SOCIETY”!TO!JOHN!JAMES!AUDUBON,!“LIVING!EARTH”!TO!
EUGENE!PLEASANTS!ODUM,!“SPACESHIP!EARTH”!TO!KENNETH!BOULDING,!“GAIA,!MOTHER!EARTH”!IS!TO:!
A. JAMES!LOVELOCK!
B. HENRYY!DAVID!THOREAU!
C. DELFIN!GANAPIN!
D. ARNE!NAESS!
!
292.!!IF!“EARTH!HOUR”!IS!OBSERVED!ON!THE!LAST!SATURDAY!OF!MARCH,!“EARTH!DAY!USA”!IS!CELEBRATED!
ANNUALLY!ON!APRIL!22,!“WORLD!TOWN!PLANNING!DAY”!FALLS!ON!NOVEMBER!8,!AND!“!WORLD!ENVIRONMENT!
DAY”!IS!MARKED!ON!THE!5TH!DAY!OF!THE!MONTH!OF:!
A. MAY!
B. JUNE!
C. SEPTEMBER!
D. OCTOBER!
!
293.!!IF!“WORLD!HERITAGE!DAY”!IS!MARKED!EACH!YEAR!ON!APRIL!18,!“WORLD!BIODIVERISTY!DAY”!IS!OBSERVED!
ON!MAY!22,!“WORLD!OCEAN!DAY”!ON!JUNE!18,!“WORLD!INDIGENOUS!PEOPLE’S!DAY”!ON!AUGUST!9,!“WORLD!
ANIMAL!DAY”!ON!OCTOBER!4,!AND!“WORLD!FOOD!DAY”!ON!OCTOBER!16,!WHEN!IS!“WORLD!WATER!DAY”!
CELEBRATED?!
A. JANUARY!13!
B. MARCH!22!
C. JUNE!24!
D. OCTOBER!31!
!
294.!!BASED!ON!HIS!LANDMARK!BOOK,!“DESIGN!WITH!NATURE”,!‘MAP!OVERLAY’!TO!IDENTIFY!‘ECOLOGICAL!
CONTRAINTS’!DEVISED!IN!1967!BY!THE!FIRST!MODERN!ENVIRONMENTAL!PLANNER.!
A. IAN!MCHARG!
B. KONTANTINOS!DOXIADIS!
C. FRANCIS!STUART!CHAPIN!JR.!
D. EMMA!BOMBECK!
!
295.!!DR.!WILLIAM!REES!COINED!THIS!CONCEPT!IN!1992!TO!APPROXIMATE!THE!AMOUNT!OF!PRODUCTIVE!SPACE,!
MEASURED!IN!TERMS!OF!GLOBAL!HECTARE!(gha)!PER!CAPITA,!NEEDED!TO!SUSTAIN!A!POPULATION!WHICH!
CONSUMES!FOOD,!WATER,!ENERGY,!BUILDING!MATERIALS,!ETC.,!AND!REQUIRES!THE!SINK!FUNCTIONS!OF!
NATURE!FOR!HUMAN!WASTE!AND!POLLUTION.!
A. LANDNPOPULATION!RATIO!
B. CONSUMER!PRICE!INDEX!
C. INDEX!OF!ENVIRONMENTAL!IMPACT!
D. ECOLOGICAL!FOOTPRINT!
!
296.!!CONSIDERED!AS!THE!FATHER!OF!WILDLIFE!ECOLOGY,!HE!ADVOCATED!IN!1948!A!“PERSONAL!LAND!ETHIC”!
FOR!HUMANS!TO!BECOME!“STEWARDS!OF!THE!LAND”!AND!MEMBERNCITIZENS!OF!LANDNCOMMUNITY!RATHER!
THAN!ITS!CONQUERORS!OR!DOMINATORS.!
A. KAROL!WOJTYLA!OR!POPE!PAUL!II!
B. RALPH!WALDO!EMERSON!
C. HENRY!WRIGHT!
D. ALDO!LEOPOLD!
!
297.!!THIS!STARTED!AS!A!US!FEDERAL!PROGRAM!IN!1949!WHICH!AIMED!TO!REHABILITATE!THE!OUTWORN!OR!
DECAYING!SECTIONS!OF!ANY!TOWN!BY!EXTENDING!FUND!ASSISTANCE!TO!LGUs!TO!UNDERTAKE!IMPROVEMENTS!
IN!STREETSCAPES,!PARK,!GREENWAAYS,!HOUSING,!COMMUNITY!CENTERS,!ETC.!BASED!ON!ANTICIPATION!THAT!
FUTURE!REAL!ESTATE!WILL!PAY!FOR!PRESENT’S!COSTS.!
A. LAND!RENADJUSTMENT!
B. URBAN!RESTRUCTURING!
C. INFILL!AND!DENSIFICATION!
D. URBAN!RENEWAL!
!
298.!!AS!CHIEF!PLANNER!OF!NEW!YORK!CITY,!HE!COLLABORATED!WITH!THOMAS!ADAMS!IN!THE!CRAFTING!OF!
THE!“REGIONAL!PLAN!OF!NEW!YORK!AND!ITS!ENVIRONS!1922N1931”,!HE!ALSO!CONCEIVED,!AND!EXECUTED!
PUBLIC!WORKS!COSTING!$27!BILLION!BETWEEN!1924!AND!1968!AND!WAS!RESPONSIBLE!FOR!VIRTUALLY!EVERY!
PARKWAY,!EXPRESSWAY!AND!PUBLIC!HOUSING!PROJECT!IN!NEW!YORK!METROPOLITAN!AREA.!
A. WILLIAM!LEVITT!
B. FIORELLO!LA!GUARDIA!
C. ROBERT!MURRAY!HAIG!
D. ROBERT!MOSES!
E. WARREN!BUFFET!
!
299.!!IN!“DEATH!AND!LIFE!OF!GREAT!AMERICAN!CITIES”!(1961)!AND!“ECONOMY!OF!CITIES”!(1969),!THIS!PLANNER!
MAINTAINS!THAT!“DIVERSITY”!PROMOTES!INNOVATION!AMONG!PROXIMATE!FIRMS!AND!SPURS!THE!GROWTH!
OF!CITIES,!THUS!S/HE!ADVOCATED!FOR!HETEROGENEITY,!VARIETY!AND!MIXTURE!IN!THE!GEOGRAPHIC!
CLUSTERING!OF!FIRMS!AS!WELL!AS!IN!THE!COMPOSITION!OF!CITY!DISTRICTS!AND!NEIGHBORHOODS.!
A. HERBERT!GANS!
B. JAMES!HOWARD!
C. JOEL!GARREAU!
D. JANE!JACOBS!
!
300.!THE!MAJOR!OBJECTIVE!OF!“NEW!URBANISM”!MOVEMENT!IDENTIFIED!WITH!JANE!JACOBS,!LEON!KRIER,!
ANDRES!DUANY,!ELIZABETH!PLATERNZYBERK,!
ET!AL.!IS!TO:!
A. RENBUILD!THE!ARCHITECTURAL!FAÇADE!OF!OLD!CITIES!USING!POSTNMODERN!METHODS!AND!
TECHNOLOGIES!
B. REVITALIZE!URBAN!COMMUNITIES!BY!CREATING!“CENTERS”!AND!BY!REVIVING!TRADITIONAL!CIVIC!
VALUES!
C. DESIGN!GATED!SUBDIVISIONS!AS!URBAN!COLLAGE!AND!MULTINETHNIC!TAPESTRY!
D. INTEGARTE!DEVELOPMENT!OF!BOTH!URBAN!AND!RURAL!AREAS!IN!ORDER!TO!SAVE!AS!MUCH!AS!
FARMLAND!AS!POSSIBLE.!
!
301.!!THE!CRITIQUE!OF!‘NEW!URBANISM”!AGAINST!SONCALLED!“GENTRIFICATION”!OR!UP!SCALING!OF!INNERN
CITY!NEIGHBORHOOD!WAS:!
A. THE!LATTER!WAS!MORE!INTERESTED!IN!NEW!BUSINESS!THAN!THE!IN!COMMUNITY!RENBUILDING;!HENCE!
SOUL!LESS!AND!CENTER!LESS!
B. THE!LATTER!LEADS!TO!THE!EXCLUSION!OF!LOWNINCOME!GROUPS!
C. THE!LATTER!DOES!NOT!CREATE!MIXED!COMMUNITIES!OF!VARIED!SOCIONECONOMIC!&!DEMOGRAPHIC!
GROUPS!
!
302.!!ALL!OF!THE!FOLLOWING!SCHEMES!ARE!ASSOCIATED!WITH!“NEW!URBANISM”!,!EXCEPT:!
A. MIXED!USED!ZONING!
B. NEONTRADITIONAL!DESIGN!
C. EXCLUSIONARY!ZONING!
D. PEDESTRIANIZATION!
!
303.!!THE!FOLLOWING!PLANNERS!WERE!MOST!CONCERNED!ABOUT!“HUMAN!SCALE!AND!THE!SOCIAL!USAGE!OF!
URBAN!SPACE”.!
A. DAVIDE!HARVEY,!MANUEL!CASTELLS,!RAY!PAHL!
B. JANE!JACOBS,!KEVIN!LYNCH,!WILLIAM!H.!WHYTE!
C. ROBERT!MOSES,!WILLIAM!LEVITT,!RICHARD!KING!MELLON!
D. TJ!KENT,!EDWIN!C.!BANFIELD,!ALBERT!Z.!GUTTENBERG!
!
304.!!BECAUSE!PRENSPANISH!ABORIGINAL!COMMUNITIES!IN!THE!PHILS!WERE!RELATIVELY!SMALL!AND!BASED!ON!
KINSHIP!RELATIONS,!THE!MOST!COMMON!PRACTICE!OF!LAND!TENURE!IN!PRENCOLONIAL!SOCIETY,!WHEREIN!ONE!
WOULD!MERELY!ENJOY!THE!“FRUITS”!OF!LAND,!WAS!CALLED:!
A. PPRIMITIVE!COMMUNISM!
B. ISLAMIC!FEUDALISM!
C. USUFRUCT!
D. TENANCY!
E. SWIDDEN!SLASHNANDNBURN!
!
305.!!THIS!WAS!THE!SPANISH!SPATIAL!STRATEGY!OF!FORMING!DENSE!SETTLEMENTS!FROM!SCATTERED!
DWELLINGS!FOR!PURPOSES!OF!GREATER!MILITARY!DEFENSE!AND!POLITICAL!CONTROL!–!LITERALLY!BRINGING!
DISPERSED!POPULATION!WITHINHEARING!DISTANCE!OF!CHURCH!BELLS!–!WHICH!POLICY!WAS!APPLIED!ON!MOST!
SPANISH!COLONIES!FROM!16TH!TO!18TH!CENTURIES.!
A. EL!ALCANCE!DEL!CAMPANARIO!
B. PRESIDIO!Y!FORTALEZA!
C. REDUCCION!
D. EVANGELIZATION!
!
306.!!DURING!THE!PERIOD!1565N1896,!THE!URBAN!CONTROL!POINTS!DESIGNATED!BY!THE!SPANISH!COLONIAL!
GOVERNMENT!WERE!THE:!
A. ALCADIAS!Y!PUEBLOS!
B. BARRIOS!Y!SITIOS!
C. HACIENDAS!Y!VILLAS!
D. CABECERAS!Y!POBLACIONES!
!
307.!!UNDER!THE!PLAZA!COMPLEX!PATTERN!DESCRIBED!IN!“LEYES!DE!LAS!INDIAS”!(1573),!WHAT!WOULD!BE!
LOCATED!NEXT!TO!EACH!OTHER!AROUND!A!GRECONROMAN!QUADRANGLE!OF!A!SPANISH!COLONIAL!
SETTLEMENT?!
A. GARDEN,!FOUNTAINS,!MONUMENTS,!STATUES,!GALLERY!AND!PROMENADE!
B. GOVERNOR’S!MANSION,!BISHOP’S!PALACE,!GENERAL’S!MANOR,!HACENDERO’S!VILLA,!MILITARY!
GARRISON!
C. CHURCH,!TOWN!HALL,!SCHOOL,!PUBLIC!MARKET!
D. HOUSES!OF!PENINSULARES,!INSULARES,!CREOLES,!MESTIZOS,!PRINCIPALES!AND!ILUSTRADOS!
!
308.!!DURING!THE!SPANISH!COLONIAL!PERIOD,!THERE!WERE!FOUR!MAJOR!FORMS!OF!LAND!TENURE!OR!LAND!
HOLDING,!WHICH!ONE!REFERS!TO!THE!RIGHT!OF!A!SERVANT!OF!SPANISH!CROWN!TO!CLLECT!TRIBUTE!FROM!
RESIDENTS!OF!A!TERRITORY!WITHOUT!ANY!OWNERSHIP!CLAIM!OVER!THAT!TERRITORY?!
A. FRIAR!LANDS!
B. ENCOMIENDAS!
C. HACIENDAS!
D. TOWNSHIPS!
!
309.!!PUBLIC!LANDS!ACT!OF!1903!GRANTED!HOMESTEADS!TO!1.4!MILLION!FILIPINO!FAMILIES!COVERING!5.3!
MILLION!HECTARES,!PRINCIPALLY!IN:!
A. NEGROS!ISLAND!
B. PALAWAN!
C. MINDANAO!
D. SAMAR!ISLAND!
!
310.!!THE!TORRENS!TITLE!SYSTEM!WHICH!ENTRENCHED!THE!CONCEPT!OF!ABSOLUTE!PRIVATE!OWNERSHIP!LAND!
IN!THE!PHILS!IS!A!LEGACY!FROM!WHAT!COLONIAL!PERIOD!OF!PHIL!HISTORY?!
A. SPANISH!
B. AMERICA!
C. JAPANESE!
D. BRITISH!
!
311.!!ACCORDING!TO!DR.!ERNESTO!PERNIA!(1983),!THE!MAJOR!BLUNDER!IN!PHIL!ECONOMIC!POLICY!AND!
INDUSTRIALIZATION!STRATEGY!OCCURRED!IN!THE!LATTER!PERIOD!OF!AMERICAN!COLONIAL!RULE!WHEN:!
A. FREE!TRADE!AGREEMENTS!WITH!USA!NARROWED!PHIL!AGRICULTURAL!OUTPUT!TO!CASH!CROPS!FOR!
EXPORT!SUCH!AS!SUGAR,!TOBACCO,!HEMP,!COCNUT,!PALM,!RICE!AND!TIMBER!
B. PROGRESS!OF!PHIL!AGRICULTURAL!REGIONS!WAS!DIRECTLY!TIED!TO!FLUCTUATIONS!OF!AMERICAN!
MARKET!DURING!DEPRESSION,!INSTEAD!OF!FILIPINO!PRODUCTION!BEING!RESPONSVE!TO!DOMESTIC!
DEMAND!BY!INTERLINKING!PHIL!REGIONS!WITH!ONE!ANOTHER!
C. POSTNWAR!“IMPORT!SUBSTITUTION”!POLICY!BEGINNING!1947!FOCUSED!ON!CAPITALNINTENSIVE!URBAN!
CONSUMER!GOODS!RATHER!THAN!ON!RESOURCENBASED!AGRONINDUSTRIALIZATION!IN!PROVINCIAL!
VENTERS!UTILIZING!AGRICULTURAL!SURPLUS.!
!
312.!!THROUGH!PRESIDENTIAL!LETTER!OF!INSTRUCTION!367!IN!1950!COMBINING!NATIONAL!URBAN!PALNNING!
COMMISSION,!REAL!PROPERTY!BOARD!AND!CAPITAL!CITY!PLANNING!COMMISSION,!THE!GOVT!CREATED!THIS!
FIRST!PHYSICAL!PLANNING!BODY.!
A. NATIONAL!PLANNING!COMMISSION!
B. NATIONAL!DISASTER!COORDINATING!
C. HUMAN!SETTLEMENTS!PROTECTION!AGENCY!
D. HUMAN!SETTLEMENTS!REGULATORY!COMMISSSION!
!
313.!!REGULATORY!ACT!2264!EMPOWERED!LGUs!TO!FORM!LOCAL!PLANNING!BOARDS!TO!CRAFT!THEIR!
DEVELOPMENT!PLANS!UNDER!THE!CLOSE!GUIDANCE!OF!NATIONAL!GOVT!AGENCIES.!
A. LOCAL!GOVERNANCE!AND!PLANNING!ACT!OF!1945!
B. LOCAL!AUTONOMY!ACT!OF!1949!
C. DECENTRALIZATION!AND!DEVOLUTION!ACT!
D. TRANSPARENCY!AND!ACCOUNTABILITY!STANDARDS!ACT!
!
314.!!IN!1964,!REPUBLIC!ACT!4341!ESTABLISHED!THIS!CENTER!TO!CREATE!A!POOL!OF!PROFESSIONAL!PLANNERS!
IN!THE!PHILS.!
A. LOCAL!GOVT!ACADEMY!
B. DEVELOPMENT!ACADEMY!OF!THE!PHILS.!
C. INSTITUTE!OF!PLANNING!
D. UPLB!INSTITUTE!OF!ENVIRONMENTAL!SCIENCE!AND!MANAGEMENT!
!
315.!!IN!1954,!REORGANIZATION!PLAN!53NA!OF!THE!GOVT!SURVEY!AND!REORGANIZATION!COMMISSION!
DELINEATED!REGIONS.!
A. NINENREPRESENTING!9!RAYS!OF!THE!SUN!IN!THE!PHIL!FLAG!OR!HISTORIC!TERRITORIES!WHICH!FOUGHT!
SPAIN!
B. EIGHT!N!REPRESENTING!MAJOR!ETHNONLINGUISTIC!GROUPS!
C. FOUR!–!REPRESENTING!MAJOR!ISLANDNGROUPINGS!PLUS!MUSLIM!MINDANAO!TERRITORIES!
D. SIX!–!REPRESENTING!POSSIBLE!COMPONENT!UNITS!OF!FEDERAL!SYSTEM!
!
316.!!PRESIDENTIAL!DECREE!NO.!01!INTEGRATED!REORGANIZATION!PLAN!ON!SEPTEMBER!24,!1972!INCREASED!
THE!NUMBER!OF!PHIL.!REGIONS!TO!11,!REGIONALIZED!KEY!MINISTRY!AND!LINE!DEPARTMENTS,!AND!CREATED!A!
MAJOR!PLANNING!AGENCY!OF!GVT!WHICH!IS!KNOWN!TODAY!AS:!
A. PHIL.!ECONOMIC!ZONE!AUTHORITY!
B. NATIONAL!LAND!USE!COMMITTEE!
C. CONGRESSIONAL!PLANNING!AND!BUDGET!OFFICE!
D. NATIONAL!ECONOMIC!DEVELOPMENT!AUTHORITY!
!
317.!!IN!2010,!HOW!MANY!ADMINISTRATIVE!REGIONS!DO!THE!PHILS!HAVE?!
A. 13!
B. 15!
C. 16!
D. 17!
!
318.!!PDF824)ON!FEBRUARY!27,!1975!CREATED!THE!METRO!MANILA!COMMISSION!AS!THE!FIRSTNEVER!
STRUCTURE!OF!METROPOLITAN!GOVERNANCE!IN!THE!PHILS!FOLLOWING!THE!ORGANIZATION!MODEL!CALLED:!
A. ANNEXATION!AND!AMALGAMATION!(ONENTIER!GOVT)!
B. JURISDICTIONAL!FRAGMENTATION!(COUNCIL!OF!LOCAL!GOVTS)!
C. VOLUNTARY!CLUSTERING!AND!INTERNLGU!
D. FUCNTIONAL!CONSOLIDATION!(!TWONTIER!METROPOLITAN!GOVERNMENT.!
!
319.!!THIS!1997!DOCUMENT!IS!THE!PHILS!OFFICIAL!RESPONSE!TO!1992!UNCED!“!EARTH!SUMMIT”!AND!CONTAINS!
A!POLICY!FRAMEWORK!THAT!REDEFINES!DEVELOPMENT!AS!THE!“DRAWING!OUT!OF!FULL!HUMAN!POTENTIAL”!
ACCORDING!TO!THE!“APPROPRIATE!!PRODUCTIVITY”!OF!NATURE,!RATHER!THAN!OPTIMAL!OR!MAXIMUM!
EXPLOITATION!OF!NATURAL!RESOURCES!TO!ACHIVE!GDP!GROWTH.!
A. PHIL.!STRATEGY!FOR!SUSTAINABLE!
B. PHILS.!COVENANT!ON!TOTAL!HUMAN!DEV.!
C. STRATEGIC!NATL.!ACTION!PROGRAM!
D. PHIL.!AGENDA!21!
!
320.!!IN!1978,!AMERICAN!INSTITUTE!OF!PLANNERS!(ESTABLISHED!1917)!AND!AMERICAN!SOCIETY!OF!PLANNING!
OFFICIALS!(EST.!1931)!COMBINED!TO!BECOME!THE!PRESENT!DAY:!
A. AMERICAN!INST.!OF!ENVIRONMENTAL!PLANNING!
B. ROYAL!INST.!OF!TOWN!AND!COUNTRY!PLANNING!
C. PLANNING!SOCIETY!OF!ALL!AMERICA!
D. AMERICAN!PLANNING!ASSOCIATION!
!
321.!!THE!FIRST!STATENWIDE!LAND!USE!PLAN!IN!1973!WHICH!DEFINED!URBAN!GROWTH!BOUNDARIES!(UGB’s)!!
THAT!SEPARATED!URBAN!AND!RURAL!AREAS!IN!ORDER!TO!LIMIT!THE!GROWTH!WITHIN!SERVICED!AREAS!AND!TO!
PRESERVE!RURAL!FARMLAND!FOR!A!TIME!FRAME!OF!20!YEARS,!TOOK!PLACE!IN!THE!STATE!OF:!
A. OREGON!
B. NEW!YORK!
C. CALIFORNIA!
D. FLORIDA!
!
322.!!WHICH!PLANNING!CONCEEPT,!FIRST!UPHELD!BY!THE!US!SUPREME!COURT!IN!THE!1976!CASE!OF!“PENN!
CENTRAL!TRANSPORTATION!CO.!vs.!CITY!OF!NEW!YORK”!INCORPORATES!A!MARKET!MECHANISM!TO!MITIGATE!
WHATEVER!FINANCIAL!BURDEN!LOCAL!LAW!MIGHT!HAVE!IMPOSED!ON!THE!PROPERTY?!
A. PLANNED!UNIT!DEVT.!
B. CONSERVATION!EASEMENTS!
C. TRANSFER!OF!DEVT.!RIGHTS!
D. EMINENT!DOMAIN!
!
323.!!IN!ALL!BUT!ONE!OF!THE!FOLLOWING!CASES,!THE!US!SUPREME!COURT!DECLARED!“TAKINGS”!BY!GOVT!AS!
ILLEGAL,!AS!IT!UPHELD!THE!CONSTITUTIONAL!PERCEPT!THAT”PRIVATE!PROPERTY!SHALL!NOT!BE!TAKEN!FOR!
PUBLIC!USE!WITHOUT!JUST!COMPENSATION”.!
A. WHERE!A!REGULATION!IS!MERELY!INTENDED!TO!PREVENT!A!NUISANCE!AND!REMOVE!DISCOMFORT!
CAUSED!TO!THE!PUBLIC.!
B. WHERE!A!REGULATION!FORCED!A!LANDOWNER!TO!ALLOW!SOMEONE!ELSE!TO!ENTER!ONTO!THE!
PROPERTY!
C. WHERE!A!REGULATION!IMPOSE!BURDENS!OR!COSTS!ON!A!LANDOWNER!THAT!DO!NOT!BEAR!A!
“REASONABLE!RELATIONSHIP”!TO!THE!IMPACTS!OF!THE!PROJECT!ON!THE!COMMUNITY.!
D. WHERE!GOVT.!CAN!EQUALLY!ACCOMPLISH!A!VALID!PUBLIC!PURPOSE!THROUGH!LESS!INTRUSIVE!
REGULATION!OR!THROUGH!A!REQUIREMENT!ABDICATING!PROPERTY.!
E. WHERE!A!LANDOWNER!HAS!BEEN!DENIED!“ALL!ECONOMICALLY!VIABLE!USE”!OF!THE!LAND!
!
324.!!IN!1987,!US!SUPREME!COURT!IN!THE!CASE!OF!NOLLAN!vs.!CALIFORNIA!COASTAL!COMMISSION!RULED!
AGAINST!CALIFORNIA!WHICH!REQUIRED!NOLLAN!TO!DEDICATE!A!PUBLIC!SIDEWALK!EASEMENT!ACROSS!THEIR!
BEACHFRONT!PROPERTY!AS!A!BUILDING!PERMIT!CONDITION,!THUS!THE!COURT!FORMULATED!A!PRINCIPLE!FOR!
GOVT’S.!REGULATORY!ACTION!THAT!“LAND!USE!RESTRICTIONS!MUST!BE!TIED!DIRECTLY!TO!A!SPECIFIC!PUBLIC!
PURPOSE”.!
A. ROUGH!PROPORTIONALITY!
B. CALIBRATED!ENFORCEMENT!
C. CALCULATED!AUTHORITY!
D. RATIONAL!NEXUS!
!
325.!!THIS!SCHOOL!OF!THOUGHT!CLAIMS!THAT!CITIES!OR!HUMAN!SETTLEMENTS!CAN!BE!STUDIED!AS!THOUGH!
THEY!ARE!BIOLOGICAL!ORGANISM!SUBJECT!TO!LAWS!OF!EVOLUTION,!NATURAL!SELECTION,!COMPETITION,!
ADAPTATION,!SURVIVAL!OF!THE!FITTEST,!DECLINE!AND!DEATH.!
A. DIALECTICAL!HISTORICAL!MATERIALISM!
B. ANARCHONSYNDICALISM!BY!SAUL!DAVID!ALINSKY!
C. FRANKFURT!SCHOOL!OF!SOCIAL!CRITICAL!THEORY!
D. CHICAGO!SCHOOL!OF!HUMAN!ECOLOGY!
!
326.!!THIS!SCHOOL!OF!THOUGHT!HOLDS!THAT!SETTLEMENTS!FORM!IN!A!BALANCED!MANNER;!THEY!TEND!TO!BE!
SPREAD!EVENLY!AND!SYMMETRICAL!IN!ISOTROPIC!SPACE,!DISPLAYING!BOTH!HIEARCHY!AND!EQUILIBRIUM!
ARISING!FROM!THE!INTERDEPENDENCE!BETWEEN!BIG!AND!SMALL!SETTLEMENTS!AND!FROM!THE!
COMPLEMENTATION!BETWEEN!THEIR!RESPECTIVE!SCOPED!OF!FUNCTIONS.!
A. GALAXY!OF!SETTLEMENTS!THEORY!
B. CENTRAL!PLACE!THEORY!
C. GEOGRAPHIC!DETERMINISM!
D. DEPENDENCY!THEORY!
!
327.!!THIS!SCHOOL!OF!THOUGHT!MAINTAINS!THAT!CITIES!ARE!“THEATERS!OF!CAPITAL!ACCUMULATION”,!
LARGELY!A!CONSEQUENCE!OF!CLASS!BASED!STRUGGLE!AMONG!GROUPS!FOR!STRATEGIC!DOMINANCE!AND!
CONTROL!OF!SURPLUS.!SUCH!CONFLICT!IS!USUALLY!WON!BY!!THE!RICH!AND!POWERFUL!THROUGH!AGENTS!OF!
CAPITAL!SUCH!AS!MULTINNATIONAL!CORPORATIONS!WHICH!USE!THE!CITY!TO!AMASS!WEALTH!BY!RAISING!
PROPERTY!VALUES!THROUGH!COMMERCIALIZATION,!GENTRIFICATION,!MANIPULATION,!AND!LAND!
SPECULATION.!
A. CAPITAL!THEORETIC!MODEL!
B. POLITAICAL!ECONOMY!
C. NATURAL!CAPITALISM!
D. DAVID!HARVEY’S!CIRCUITS!OF!CAPITAL!
!
328.!!THIS!SCHOOL!OF!THOUGHT!DESCRIBES!A!BORDERLESS!GLOBAL!ECONOMY!CHARACTERIZED!BY!FREE!TRADE!
AND!FREE!MOVEMENT!OF!CAPITAL!WHEREIN!NATIONNSTATED!WOULD!HAVE!“LEAN!AND!MEAN”!GOVERNMENTS!
WHICH!PURSUE!POLICIESOF!LIBERALIZATION,!DEREGULATION,!PRIVATIZATION,!DENBUREAUCRATIZATION,!
UNBUNDLING,!DENCOUPLING,!AND!SIMILAR!STRUCTURAL!ADJUSTMENTS.!
A. WORLD!SYSTEMS!THEORY!
B. STATE!CORPORATISM!
C. NEONLIBERALISM!
D. LIBERAL!DEMOCRACY!
!
329.!JOHANN!HEINREICH!VON!THUNEN’s!THEORY!OF!AGRICULTURAL!RENT!IS!SYMBOLIZED!AS!“LR=Y(pFc)F)Ytd“!
WHERE!Y!IS!THE!YIELD!OR!TOTAL!HARVEST,!p!IS!PRICE!OF!CROP,!c!IS!PRODUCTION!COST,!AND!d!IS!THE!DISTANCE!
TO!MARKET.!IF!YIELD!OF!PALAY!IS!3,500!KILOS,!NFA!BUYING!RICE!IS!17.00!PER!KILO,!DISTANCE!IS!5KM,!GIVEN!
FARMER’S!GROSS!PRODUCTION!OF!45!CENTS!PER!SQM!PER!DAY!FOR!UNIT!PRODUCTION!COST!OF!12.00!PER!
KILO,!WOULD!PALAY!CULTIVATION!BE!PROFITABLE!AT!THIS!SPECIFIC!FARM!LOCATION!IF!TRANSPORT!COST!IS!1.00!
PER!KILO!OF!PALAY?!
A. YES!
B. NO!
C. IT!DEPENDS!ON!THE!WEATHER!
D. IT!DEPENDS!ON!QUALITY!OF!ROAD!&!CAPACITY!OF!VEHICLE!
!
330.!!IN!WALTER!CHRISTALLER’S!CENTRAL!PLACE!THEORY,!THE!CATCHMENT’S!AREA!OF!A!CENTRAL!PLACE!TAKES!
THE!SHAPE!OF!HEXAGON!RATHER!THAN!A!PERFECT!CIRCLE.!IF!A!PARTICULAR!SERVICE!OR!FUNCTION!SUCH!AS!
ELEMENTARY!SCHOOL!ENROLLMENT!IS!REPRESENTED!BYTHE!FORMULA,!C)=)2.6r2d,!WHAT!WOULD!BE!THE!
CATCHMENT’S!AREA!OF!ELEMENTARY!SCHOLL!IF!ITS!RADIUS!IS!0.5!KM!AND!DIAMETER!IS!ONE!KM/!
A. 0.65!SQ!KM!
B. 0.75!SQ!KM!
C. 0.85!SQ!KM!
D. 0.95!SQ!KM!
!
331.!!A!CHARTNLIKE!TOOL!TO!MEASURE!CENTRALITY!OF!A!PLACE!PARTICULARLY!ITS!RANGE!OF!ECONOMIC!AND!
SOCIAL!FUNCTIONS,!IS!CALLED:!
A. MATRIX!
B. ISOTIMS!
C. ISODAPANES!
D. SCALOGRAM!
!
332.!!ALL!OF!THE!FOLLOWING!ARE!PRACTICAL!APPLICATIONS!OF!CENTRAL!PLACE!THEORY!IN!THE!PHILS,!EXCEPT!
ONE:!
A. LOCATION!OF!HEALTH!CENTERS!
B. LOCATION!OF!TRIAL!COURTS!
C. LOCATION!OF!BEACH!RESORTS!
D. LOCATION!OF!POLICE!STATIONS!
!
333.!!WHAT!CHRISTALLERIAN!PRINCIPLES!FROM!THE!BASIS!WHY!A!STATE!UNIVERSITY,!A!CONSUMER!MALL.!A!
HUGE!SPORTS!STADIUM,!OR!A!TERTIARYNLEVEL!HOSPITAL!CANNOT!BE!ESTABLISHED!IN!EACH!AND!EVERY!PHIL.!
MUNICIPALITY?!
A. SPATIAL!EQUITY!AND!BIONGEOGRAPHY!EQUITY!
B. SPECIALIZATION!AND!CONCENTRATION!
C. MARKET!RANGE!AND!THRESHOLD!POPULATION!
D. PROFITABILITY!AND!PECUNIARY!INTEREST!
!
334.!!THE!“HIEARCHY!OF!SETTLEMENTS”!IN!WALTER!CHRISTALLER’S!CENTRAL!PLACE!THEORY!IS!CHARACTERIZED!
BY:!
A. EQUALLYNSIZED!LARGE!CITIES!IN!EVERY!REGION!
B. ONLY!ONE!LARGE!CITY,!MANY!SMALL!SETTLEMENTS!
C. ONLY!MEDIUMNSIZED!AND!SMALL!SETTLEMENTS!
D. A!FEW!LARGE!CITIES,!SOME!MEDIUM!CITIES,!MANY!SMALL!SETTLEMENTS!
!
335.!!CENTRAL!PLACE!THEORY!WAS!FOUND!FAULTY!IN!ASSUMING!UNIFORM!TOPOGRAPHY,!FLAT!FEATURELESS!
TERRAIN,!EASE!OF!TRAVEL!IN!ALL!DIRECTIONS,!AND!UBIQUITY!OR!ALLNAROUND!PRESENCE!OF!ECONOMIC!
RESOURCES,!BUT!ITS!MAJOR!STRENGTH!LIES!IN!CHARACTERIZING!THE!LOCATIONAL!ADVANTAGES!OF!ONE!PLACE!
IN!RELATION!TO!ANOTHER,!A!GEORAPHIC!CONCEPT!CALLED:!
A. SURROUNDING!
B. STANDING!
C. SITUATION!
D. STATE!
!
336.!!THE!WEAKNESS!OF!APPLYING!CENTRAL!PLACE!THEORY!IN!A!SIMPLISTIC!WAY!ON!THE!PHILIPPINES!IS!THAT:!
A. UNLIKE!OTHER!COUNTRIES,!PHILS!DOES!NOT!HAVE!COMPACT!LAND!MASS!WITH!HOMOGENOUS!
FEATURES!
B. ARCHIPELAGIC!NATURE!CREATES!NATURAL!DISCONTINUITIES!ATHAT!RENDER!MOVEMENT!&!ECONOMIC!
EXCHANGE!DIFFICULT!
C. SPATIAL!INTEGRATION!BETWEEN!URBAN!AND!RURAL!AREAS!BY!POOR!TRANSPORT!THAT!INFLATES!
PRICES!
!
337.!!IN!2010,!WHICH!PHILIPPINE!CITY!HAS!THE!BIGGEST!POPULATION,!BIGGEST!GROSS!INCOME,!BIGGEST!NET!
INCOME!AND!BIGGEST!IRA?!
A. CITY!OF!MANILA!
B. MAKATI!CITY!
C. QUEZON!CITY!
D. CEBU!CITY!
!
338.!!GEORGE!ZIPF’S!RANKNFILENSIZE!RULE,!“PnFP1/nq)“!DERIVED!FROM!CHRISTALLER’S!CENTRAL!PLACE!THEORY!
AND!ASSERTS!THAT!THE!POPULATION!OF!CITY!“n”!IS!EQUAL!TO!THE!POPULATION!OF!THE!LARGEST!CITY!“1”!
DIVIDED!BY!THE!RANK!OF!“n”!IN!THE!HIEARCHY!OF!PLACES.!IF!THE!LARGEST!CITY!IN!IMMEDIATELYNPRECEDING!
QUESTION!HAD!2.6!MILLION!PEOPLE!IN!2007!OFFICIAL!CENSUS,!USING!ZIPF’S!RULE!WHAT!SHOULD!HAVE!BEEN!
THE!POPULATION!OF!DAVO!CITY!IF!IT!WAS!RANKED!NUMBER!4?!
A. 520,000!
B. 1,520,000!
C. 1,300,000!
D. 650,000!
!
339.!!DOES!THE!FORMULA!OF!GEORGE!ZIPF!IN!THE!IMMEDIATELYNPRECEEDING!QUESTION!MATCH!THE!REALITY!
ON!THE!GROUND!BASED!ON!2007!OFFICIAL!CENSUS!OF!THE!NATIONAL!STATISTICS!OFFICE?!
A. YES!
B. PARTIALLY!
C. NO!
D. DEPENDS!ON!WHETHER!OLD!DAVAO!CITY!OR!METRO!DAVAO!IS!BEING!ANALYZED!
!
340.!!IN!THE!MODEL!MONONCENTRIC!CITIES,!IT!IS!ASSUMED!THAT!MANUFACTURERS!LOCATE!CLOSE!TO!
TRANSPORT!ARTERIES,!BLUE!COLLAR!WORKERS!LOCATE!CLOSE!TO!THEIR!JOBS,!WHILE!TRADERS!AND!RETAILERS!
PAY!HIGHER!FOR!CHOICE!LOCATIONS!IN!CITY!CENTER!TO!HAVE!COMAND!OF!THE!MARKET.!THIS!PATTERN!OF!
LAND!USE!IS!EXPLAINED!BETTER!BY!WHICH!THEORY!OF!SPATIAL!PLANNING?!
A. URBAN!BIDNRENT!BY!ALONSO,!MUTH,!AND!MILLS!
B. CUMULATIVE!CAUSATION!BY!GUNMAR!MYRDAL!
C. URBAN!LAND!NEXUS!THEORY!BY!DAVID!HARVEY!
D. CITY!AS!GROWTH!MACHINE!BY!JOHN!LOGAN!&!HARVEY!MOLOTCH!
!
341.!!“!WHEN!ALL!LAND!IS!IDENTICAL!AND!THERE!IS!PERFECT!COMPETITION!AMONG!PROFITNMAXIMIZING!FRIMS,!
LAND!IS!SOLD!TO!THE!HIGHEST!BIDDER.!AS!A!FIRM!MOVES!CLOSER!TO!THE!CNTER!OF!A!PLACE,!TRANSPORT!
COSTS!FALL!WHICH!INCREASES!THE!AMOUNT!OF!A!FIRM!IS!WILLING!TO!PAY!FOR!THE!LAND.!THUS,!LAND!AT!THE!
CENTER!WILL!ALWAYS!HAS!THE!HIGHEST!VALUE.”!
A. JOHANN!HENREICH!VON!THUNEN,!WALTER!CHRISTALLER!AND!GEORGE!KINGSLEY!ZIPF!
B. WILLIAM!ALONSO,!RICHARD!E.!MUTH!AND!EDWIN!S.!MILLS!
C. ALFRED!WEBER,!AUGUST!LOSCH!AND!WALTER!ISARD!
D. RODERICK!D.!MCKENZIE,!AMOS!H.!HAWLEY!AND!ROBERT!PARK!
!
342.!!NEONCLASSICAL!URBAN!BIDNRENT!THEORY!PROVIDES!THE!FORMULA!FOR!LOCATION!RENT!AT!CENTER!!OF!
CITY!AS!EQUAL!=!TO!“RENT!GRADIENT”!TIMES!“RADIUS”!WHERE!RENT!GRADIENT!IS!EQUAL!TO!“TRANSPORT!COST!
PER!CAPITA!PER!YEAR”!MULTIPLIED!BY!“DENSITY!PER!SQ!KM”.!IF!PATEROS!HAS!A!RADIUS!DISTANCE!OF!10.266!
KM!FROM!THE!CENTER!METRO!MANILA,!WITH!AVERAGE!DENSITY!OF!29,495.24!PERSONS!PER!SQ!KM!IN!2009!
AND!P15,330!TRANSPORT!COST!PER!CAPITA!PER!YEAR,!WHAT!SHOULD!BE!THE!LOCATION!RENT!PER!SQM!IN!
PATEROS!AS!PERIPHERYNTOWN!OF!METRO!MANILA?!(CLUE:!CONVERT!SQ!KM!TO!SQM.)!
A. 4,641!PER!SQM!
B. AROUND!46,410!PER!SQM!
C. AROUND!464,100!PER!SQM!
D. AROUND!464.10!PER!SQM!
!
343.!!ACCORDING!TO!RALEIGH!BARLOW!(1958),!THIS!REFERS!TO!THE!MOST!PROFITABLE!USE!OF!LAND!WHEN!IT!
YIELDS!OPTIMUM!RETURNS!GIVEN!LIMITED!IMPUTS;!SUCH!RETURNS!CAN!EITHER!BE!MONETARY!OR!NONN
MONETARY,!TANGIBLE!OR!INTANGIBLE,!BASED!ON!THE!CRITERIA!AND!INTEREST!OF!THE!PERSON!WHO!MAKES!
SUCH!DECISIONS.!
A. MAXIMUM!SUSTAINABLE!
B. MAXIMUM!SUSTAINABLE!YIELD!
C. PROFIT!MAXIMIZATION!
D. HIGHEST!AND!BEST!USE!
!
344.!!IN!PIERCE!LEWIS’!REVISION!OF!THE!ERNEST!BURGESS’!MONONCENTRIC!MODEL!OF!URBAN!LAND!USE,!
WHICH!OF!THE!FOLLOWING!DESCRIBES!THE!SPATIAL!DECLINE!OF!CONCENTRIC!CITIES!LEAST!EFFECTIVELY?!
A. THE!ELITE!AND!THEIR!BUSINESS!LEAVE!THE!INNER!CORE!DUE!TO!POLLUTION!AND!CONGESTION!
B. HOLLOWINGNOUT!OF!THE!CORE!RESULTS!IN!“THE!DONUT!SPACE”!
C. SURROUNDED!BY!THE!POOR!IN!THE!HISTORIC!CENTER,!GOVT.!INCREASINGLY!BECOMES!CAPTIVE!TO!
PRESSURE!GROUPS!
D. LAND!VALUES!RAPIDLY!FALL!IN!INNERNCITY!AREAS!EXPERIENCING!URBAN!BLIGHT!AND!URBAN!DECAY.!
!
345.!!IN!URBAN!LAND!USE!MODELS!OF!THE!CHICAGO!SCHOOL!OF!HUMAN!ECOLOGY,!THE!AFFLUENT!AND!MIDDLE!
CLASSES!ARE!INCLINED!TO!MOVE!AWAY!FROM!DOWNTOWN!AND!INNERNCITY!IN!FAVOR!OF!SUBURBAN!
LOCATIONS!AND!THIS!PROCESS!RESULTS!IN!A!PARADOX!OR!“SPATIAL!MISMATCH”!AS!REGARDS!LABOR.!
A. SOPHISTICATED!UPPER!CLASSES!LOCATE!IN!CITYNEDGES!WITH!SEMI!RURAL!CONDITIONS!WHERE!NO!
EMPLOYMENT!IS!AVAILABLE!
B. LOWER!CLASSES!WHO!CANNOT!CREAT!EMPLOYMENT!BY!THEMSELVES!ARE!LEFT!TO!OCCUPY!HIGHN
PRICED!LAND!IN!THE!INNERNCORE!OF!CITIES.!
C. BLUE!COLLAR!WORKERS!ARE!FORCED!TO!ACCEPT!LOWNSKILL!JOBS!AS!MAIDS,!YAYAS,!AND!GARDENERS!IN!
AFFLUENT!SUBURBAN!SUBDIVISIONS!
D. NONNTAX!PAYING!PEOPLE!IN!THE!INFORMAL!SECTOR!ARE!CLOSER!TO!THE!SEAT!OF!GOVT!THAN!THE!
LANDED!GENTRY!
!
346.!!“URBAN!DEVELOPMENT”!TENDS!TO!OCCUR!ALONG!MAJOR!TRANSPORTATION!ROUTES!BECAUSE:!
A. POWER/WATER!CONNECTIONS!AND!OTHER!UTILITIES!ETC.!ARE!NATURALLY!LINEAR!
B. BUSINESS!CANNOT!TAKE!PLACE!WITHOUT!ROADS!AND!VEHICLES!
C. MIGRATION!USUALLY!OCCURS!LINEALLY!FROM!A!TO!PONIT!B!AS!IN!EXODUS,!PROCESSIONS!OR!
DIASPORAS!
D. PEOPLE!TEND!TO!LOCATE!WHERE!EXCHANGE,!INTERCHANGE!AND!ACCESS!TO!OTHER!LAND!USES!ARE!AT!
THE!MAXIMUM!
!
347.!!!WHICH!THEORIST!OF!URBAN!LAND!USE!STATES!CATEGORICALLY!THAT!LAND!USE!FOLLOWS!TRANSPORT!IN!
THE!SAME!MANNER!THAT!BOTH!POPULATION!AND!BUSINESS!FOLLOW!ROADS.!
A. ERNEST!BURGESS!
B. HOMER!HOYT!
C. CHAUNCEY!HARRIS!&!EDWARD!ULLMAN!
D. PIERCE!LEWIS!
!
348.!!WHICH!OF!THE!FOLLOWING!LANDNUSE!MODELS!DESCRIBES!THE!PATTERN!OF!RADIAL!OR!AXIAL!GROWTH!
ALONG!THE!LINES!OF!LEAST!RESISTANCE?!
A. MULTIPLE!NUCLEI!
B. CONCENTRIC!ZONE!
C. SECTOR!MODEL!
D. POLYCENTRIC!MODEL!
!
349.!!IN!THE!MODEL!OF!HOMER!HOYT,!THE!SECTIONS!OF!URBAN!LAND!WITH!THE!HIGHETS!VALUES!ARE!THOSE:!
A. DOWNTOWN!SECTIONS!FACING!SEAS,!LAKES!&!NEAR!WATERFRONTS!
B. ON!TOP!OF!HILLS!AND!ELEVATED!AREAS!CALLED!“UPTOWNS”!
C. IMMEDIATELY!AROUND!PUBLIC!OFFICES/INSTITUTIONAL!SECTOR!
D. ALONG!MAJOR!ROADWAYS!
!
350.!!“SOCIAL!STATUS!DECLINES!WITH!INCREASING!DISTANCE!FROM!THE!CITY”!IS!A!PROPOSITION!ABOUT!POOR!
THIRD!WORLD!COUNTRIES!THAT!CONTRADICTS!THE!ORIGINAL!LAND!USE!MODELS!FROM!THE!CHICAGO!SCHOOL!
OF!HUMAN!ECOLOGY.!
A. DONUT!MODEL!
B. CORENPERIPHERY!DEPENDENCY!MODEL!
C. POLYCENTRIC!MODEL!!
D. INVERSE!CONCENTRIC!
!
351.!!ACCORDING!TO!M.!WHITE!(1987),!THE!MORE!ECONOMICALLY!COMPLEX!A!CITY,!THE!MORE!VARIED!WOULD!
BE!THE!NUMBER!OF!HIGH!GROWTH!POINTS,!THE!MORE!SOCIALLY!COMPLEX!IT!BECOMES,!AND!THE!STRONGER!IS!
ITS!TENDENCY!TOWARDS!DIFFERENTIATION!SUCH!AS!IN!THE!CASE!OF!RESIDENTS!SEGREGATING!THEMSELVES!
INTO!“ENCLAVES”!ACCORDING!TO!ECONOMIC!LEVEL,!SOCIAL!STATUS!OR!ETHNICITY.!
A. BINPOLAR!MODEL!
B. PALIMPSEST!OR!MOSAIC!MODEL!
C. MULTIPLE!NUCLEI!
D. URBAN!LAND!NEXUS!THEORY!
!
352.!!ADVANCEMENTS!IN!TRANSPORTATION!AND!COMMUNICATION!TECHNOLOGIES!HAVE!AFFECTED!MANY!
CITIES!IN!SUCH!A!WAY!THAT!INFORMATIONNBASED!PRODUCTION!CAN!BE!DONE!BY!ANYONE,!ANYWHERE!AT!
ANYTIME!REGARDLESS!OF!DISTANCE!FROM!CITY!CENTER.!WHICH!OF!THE!FOLLOWING!IS!THE!LIKELY!SPATIAL!
FORM!ARISING!FROM!THESE!ECONOMIC!TRENDS?!
A. CYBERNCITY!SENDS!ALL!DIRTY!SMOKESTACKS!INDUSTRIES!TO!REMOTE!REGIONS!
B. CBD!BECOMES!AN!ELONGATED!CORRIDOR!OR!SPINE!FOLLOWING!THE!LINES!OF!TELECOMMUNICATIONS!
&!ELECTRONIC!SERVICES!
C. SUBURBAN!SUBDIVISIONS!FORM!A!BELTNLIKE!EDGE!OR!NATURAL!PERIMETER!AROUND!THE!MOTHER!CITY!
D. EDGE!CITIES,!OFFICE!PARKS!AND!TECHNONPOLES!DEVELOP!IN!VARIOUS!PARTS!OF!A!COMPLEX!MOTHER!
CITY!
!
353.!!ACCORDING!TO!WILBUR!RICHARD!THOMPSON!(1965),!ONCE!A!CITY!REACHES!A!RESIDENT!POPULATION!OF!
250,000,!IT!ATTAINS!PERMANENCE.!CERTAIN!CITY!SECTIONS!MAY!SUFFER!DECAY!AND!DECLINE,!BUT!THE!CITY!AS!
A!WHOLE!WILL!SURVIVE!BECAUSE!OF!SHEER!SIZE!AND!STRENGTH!OF!TERTIARY!ECONOMY,!INHERENT!CAPACITY!
TO!DIVERSIFY!AND!ITS!POLITICAL!WEIGHT!VISNÀNVIS!OTHER!SETTLEMENTS.!
A. URBAN!LAND!LEXUS!
B. URBAN!RATCHET!THEORY!
C. URBAN!SPIRAL!ECONOMY!
D. URBAN!FORCE!MOMENTUM!
!
354.!!BY!PLOTTING!ON!A!GRAPH!THE!ECONOMIC!BENEFITS!FROM!AN!AGGLOMERATION!AGAINST!THE!COSTS!OF!
CONGESTION!AND!OVER!CONCENTRATION,!LEO!KLAASEN!CONCLUDED!THAT!“OPTIMUM!CITY!SIZE”!OF!A!VIABLE!
CITY!SHOULD!BE!BETWEEN:!
A. 20,000N190,000!
B. 200,000N600,000!
C. 700,000NONE!MILLION!
D. ONE!MILLION!–!TWO!MILLION!
!
355.!THE!ORIGINAL!CONCEPT!OF!“MEGALOPOLIS”!AS!AN!EXTENDED!OR!SUPER!–SIZED!URBAN!AREA!IS!
ATTRIBUTED!TO:!
A. JEAN!GOTTMAN!
B. KONSTANTINOS!DOXIADES!
C. DENNIS!RONDINELLI!
D. ANDREAS!FALUDI!
!
356.!!WHICH!CHARACTERISTICS!OF!MEGALOPOLIS!DESCRIBES!ITS!TENDENCY!TO!DEVELOP!A!MULTINNODAL!
SPATIAL!PATTERN?!
A. IS!AN!EXPENSIVE!URBAN!REGION!WITH!OVER!10!MILLION!POPULATIONS!(GILES!CLARKE)!
B. TENDS!TO!BE!DEPENDENT!ON!FOOD,!WATER!AND!ENERGY!SUPPLIES!OF!ITS!NEIGHBORING!REGIONS!
C. HAS!COMPLEX!FORM!AS!“MOTHER!CITY”!BREED’S!SMALLER!OFFSPRINGNCITIES!IN!DENDRITIC!OR!
SPRAWLING!MANNER!
D. REQUIRES!BROAD!TYPE!OF!REGIONAL!GOVERNANCE!BEYOND!THE!CAPACITY!AND!RESOURCES!OF!A!
SINGLE!LGU!AUTHORITY.!
!
357.!!THE!FOLLOWING!ARE!CHARACTRISTICS!OF!A!“CENTRAL!BUSINESS!DISTRICT”.!WHICH!ONE!INCREASES!THE!
LGU!RESPONSIBILITY!TO!SAFEGUARD!THE!WELLNBEING!OF!PEOPLE,!OFTEN!BEYOND!THE!CAPABILITIES!OF!A!
SINGLE!LOCAL!AUTHORITY:!
A. LARGE!CONCENTRATION!OF!OFFICE!AND!RETAIL!ACTIVITIES.!
B. SIGNIFICANTLY!LARGE!NUMBER!OF!TERTIARY!AND!SERVICE!JOBS!GENERATED!
C. HIGH!PRICE!OF!LAND!FORCES!PROPERTY!OWNERS!TO!BUILD!HIGH!
D. LARGE!REGULAR!INFLOW!AND!OUTFLOW!OF!MOTORIST;!DAYTIME!POPULATION!HIGHER!THAN!
NIGHTIME!POPULATION!
!
358.!!NOT!ALL!MEGANCITIES!BECOME!“WORLD!CITIES”.!ACCORDING!TO!DAVID!SIMON!IN!WORLD!CITY!
HYPOTHESIS!(1996),!THE!FOLLOWING!CRITERIA!DETERMINE!HOW!A!CITY!REACHES!TIERN1!STATUS.!WHICH!
CRITERION!IS!PURSUED!AS!CITIES!“DENINDUSTRIALIZE”!BY!BANISHING!DIRTY!SMOKESTACK!INDUSTRIES!FROM!
THEIR!TERRITORIES!IN!THE!CONTEST!TO!ACHIEVE!“GREATER!GLOBAL!COMPETITIVENESS”.!
A. “EXISTENCE!OF!A!SOPHISTICATED!FINANCIAL!AND!SERVICE!COMPLEX!SERVING!A!GLOBAL!CLIENTELE!
B. “LEVEL!OF!INTL.!NETWORKS!OF!CAPITAL!INFORMATION!AND!COMMUNICATION!FLOWS!
C. “LARGE!NUMBER!OF!HEADQUARTERS!OF!INTL.!INSTITUTIONS!
D. ‘QUALITY!OF!LIFE!CONDUCIVE!TO!ATTRACTING!INVESTORS!AND!RETAINING!SKILLED!INTERNATIONAL!
MIGRANTS!
!
359.!!THIS!PROCESS!DEALS!WITH!EFFICIENT!PLACEMENT!OF!ACTIVITIES!AND!LAND!USES!SUCH!AS!FARMS,!
SETTLEMENTS,!INDUSTRIES,!TRANSPORT!HUBS,!INFRASTRUCTURE,!WILDERNESS!ETC.!ACROSS!A!SIGNIFICANTLY!
LARGE!AREA!BROADER!THAN!A!SINGLE!CITY!OR!TOWN.!
A. WATERSHED!PLANNING!
B. AREA!DEVELOPMENT!PLANNING!
C. REGIONAL!PLANNING!
D. PHYSICAL!PLANNING!
!
360.!!KLAASEN!ENUMERATES!THE!CRITERIA!FOR!CREATING!PLANNING!REGIONS!AS!FOLLOWS.!WHICH!CRITERION!
PERTAINS!TO!THE!ROLE!OF!A!LEADING!CENTER!OR!A!COMPLEX!OF!EXPORTING!FIRMS!OR!LEAD!INDUSTRIES?!
A. “MUST!BE!LARGE!ENOUGH!TO!TAKE!INVESTMENT!DECISIONS!OF!AN!ECONOMIC!SIZE!
B. “MUST!BE!ABLE!TO!SUPPLY!ITS!OWN!INDUSTRIES!WITH!NECESSARY!LABOR!
C. “SHOULD!HAVE!A!HOMOGENOUS!ECONOMIC!STRUCTURE!
D. “MUST!CONTAIN!AT!LEAST!ONE!GROWTH!POINT!
E. “MUST!HAVE!A!COMMON!APPROACH!TO!AND!AWARENESS!OF!ITS!OWN!PROBLEMS!
!
361.!!WHICH!THRUST!OF!REGIONAL!PLANNING!ADDRESSES!CORENPERIPHERY,!CENTERNHINTERLAND!ECONOMIC!
EXCHANGE!&!SPATIAL!INTEGRATION?!
A. ENFORCE!URBAN!GROWTH!CONTROL!SUCH!AS!GREENBELTS!OR!ANALOGOUS!SCHEMES!TO!PROTECT!THE!
NATURAL!ENVIRONMENT!
B. CULTIVATE!A!ROLE!FOR!EACH!COMPONENTNSETTLEMENT!SUCH!AS!ADMINISTRATIVE!CENTER,!
MANUFACTURING!HUB,!TOURISM!ZONE,!ETC.!
C. DEVELOP!TRANSPORT!CORRIDORS!IN!“HUB!AND!SPOKES!DESIGN”!WITH!MAJOR!INFRASTRUCTURE!
REACHING!OUT!TO!POPULATION!CENTERS!
D. RESIST!DEVELOPMENT!IN!FLOOD!PLAINS!OR!EARTHQUAKE!FAULT!ZONES!BY!UTILIZING!THESE!AREAS!AS!
PARKS,!FARMS,!BUFFERS,!ETC.!
!
362.!!WHICH!CONCERN!OF!“REGIONAL!PLANNING”!PERTAINS!TO!INSTITUTIONAL!CAPACITATION!OF!LOCAL!GOVT,!
AND!THE!APPROPRIATE!DISTRIBUTION!OF!AUTHORITY!AMONG!THEM?!
A. SPATIAL!INTEGRATION!BETWEEN!URBAN!AND!RURAL!SETTLEMENTS!
B. COMPLEMENTATION!AMONG!AGRICULTURE,!INDUSTRY!OTHER!SECTORS!
C. BALANCED!DISTRIBUTION!OF!POPULATION!
D. FEDERALISM!AND!DECENTRALIZATION!OF!
E. EQUITABLE!DISTRIBUTION!OF!RESOURCES!AMONG!PLACES!
F. REDUCTION!OF!ECONOMIC!DISPARITIES!AMING!REGIONS!DEVELOPMENT!
!
363.!!A!REGION!THAT!IS!DEFINED!BY!COMMON!PHYSICAL!FEATURES!SUCH!AS!RESOURCES!BASE,!LAKE,!COAST,!
ECOSYSTEM!IS!CALLED!“NATURAL!OR!ECOLOGICAL!REGION”,!WHILE!THAT!WHICH!IS!DEFINED!BY!EXTENT!OF!
ECONOMIC!CONNECTEDNESS!OR!MARKET!EXCHANGE!IS!CALLED!A!“FUNCTIONAL!REGION”;!THAT!WHICH!IS!
CREATED!BY!LAW!REGARDLESS!OF!NATURAL!OR!ECONOMIC!COMMONALITY!IS!CALLED:!
A. HOMOGENOUS!REGION!
B. FORMAL!REGION!
C. HISTORIC!REGION!
D. VIRTUA!REGION!
!
364.!!EARLIEST!REGIONAL!PLANNING!MODELS!IN!USA!IN!1933!REVOLVED!AROUND!TENNESSE!VALLEY,!DALLAS!
PLAIN,!COLUMBIA!RIVER!BASIN,!COLORADO!RIVER,!ST.!LAWRENCE!SEAWAY,!DELWARE!RIVER,!CHEASPEAKE!BAY!
WATERSHED,!WHICH!ARE!ESSENTIALLY:!
A. CULTURAL!OR!ETHNONLINGUISTIC!REGIONS!
B. DELTAIC!RIVERINE!REGIONS!
C. NATURAL!REGIONS!
D. CROSSNBORDER!REGIONS!
!
365.!!ALTHOUGH!THEORETICALLY!AND!DEFINITIONALLY!FLAWED,!“SUPERNREGION”!AS!CONCEIVED!BY!THE!
ADMINISTRATION!OF!PRES.!GLORIA!MACAPAGAL!ARROYO!SOUGHT!TO!BUILD!UPON!PERCEIVED!COMPARATIVE!
ADVANTAGE!OF!A!CLUSTER!OF!TERRITORIES!SUCH!AS!AGRINPROCESSING,!TOURISM,!COMMODITY!LOGISTICS!
CHAIN,!OR!CYBERNSERVICES.!WHICH!“SUPERNREGION”!OUGHT!TO!FOCUS!ON!‘AGRINBUSINESS”?!
A. NORTHERN!LUZON!QUADRANGLE!
B. METRO!MANILA!URBAN!BELTWAY!
C. CALABARZON!INDUSTRIAL!HEARTLAND!
D. CENTRAL!PHILS!(VISAYAS,!PALAWAN!AND!PARTS!OF!MINDANAO)!
E. SUBICNCLARK!FREEPORT!COMPLEX!
F. BANGSA!MORO!JURIDICAL!AUTHORITY!
!
366.!!THE!“CENTERNDOWN”!PARADIGM!OF!NEONCLASSICAL!ECONOMICS!OF!THE!1960s!ASSUMED!THAT!BENEFITS!
FROM!MACRONLEVEL!OR!MACRONECONOMIC!GROWTH!TEND!TO____!TO!COMPONENT!REGIONS!AND!LOWERN
LEVEL!COMMUNITIES.!
A. CASCADE!
B. SPRINKLE!AROUND!IN!SPROUTS!
C. POUR!DOWN!
D. TRICKLE!DOWN!
!
367.!!IN!JOHN!FRIEDMAN’S!(1966,1973)!TAXONOMY!OF!REGIONS!ACCORDING!TO!ECONOMIC!CONDITION,!
WHICH!REFERS!TO!“LAGGING!REGIONS”?!
A. CORE!REGIONS!
B. UPWARD!TRANSITIONAL!AREAS!
C. RESOURCE!FRONTIER!AREAS!
D. DOWNWARD!TRANSITIONAL!AREAS!
E. SPECIAL!PROBLEM!AREAS!
F. LATIFUNDONMINIFUNDO!
!
368.!!ACCORDING!TO!ECONOMIST!THEODORE!SCHULTZ,!JACOB!MINCER!AND!GARY!S.!BECKER,!THIS!COLLECTIVE!
TERM!FOR!PEOPLE’S!“EMBODIED”!ASSETS!SUCH!AS!KNOWLEDGE,!SKILLS,!GOOD!HEALTH,!ATTITUDES!AND!
ENTREPRENEURIAL!QUALITIES,!DETERMINES!HOW!A!LOCAL!COMMUNITY!OR!REGION!ABSORBS!NEW!
TECHNOLOGIES,!EXPANDS!PRODUCTIVE!CAPACITY!AND!GENERATES!OWN!PROGRESS.!
A. SEVEN!DOMAINS!OF!INTELLIGENCE!
B. INTELLECTUAL!QUOTIENT!
C. MANGERIAL!APTITUDE!
D. HUMAN!CAPITAL!
!
369.!!THE!PHENOMENON!OF!“URBAN!PRIMACY”!MOSTLY!IN!THIRD!WORLD!COUNTRIES!WHEREIN!A!SINGLE!
METROPOLIS!CORNERS!A!DISPROPORTIONATE!SHARE!OF!A!COUNTRY’S!POPULATION,!RESOURCES!AND!
INVESTMENTS!BY!REASON!OF!HISTORICAL!OR!POLITICAL!PRECEDENCE!OR!AS!A!RESULT!OF!FOREIGN!COLONIAL!
INFLUENCE,!IS!ALSO!CALLED!“MANILA!IMPERIALISM”!IN!THE!PHILIPPINES.!
A. IT!IS!DESIRABLE!BECAUSE!OF!EFFICIENT!USE!OF!SPACE!AND!ECONOMIES!OF!SCALE!
B. IT!PROVES!THAT!BENEFITS!FROM!AGGLOMERATION!OUTWEIGH!THE!DISBENEFITS!FROM!CONGESTION!
AND!OVERNCONCENTRATION!
C. IT!DEMONSTRATES!THAT!THIRD!WORLD!COUNTRIES!REMAINS!AS!COLONIES!OF!WESTERN!IMPERIALIST!
POWERS!
D. IT!SHOWS!POLARIZATION!WITHIN!A!COUNTRY!SIPHONING!OFF!THE!ECONOMIC!ASSETS!AND!HUMAN!
TALENT!FROM!THE!‘HINTERLAND’!
!
370.!!THE!TWIN!STRATEGY!OF!“CONCENTRATED!DECENTRALIZATION”!AND!“INDUSTRIAL!DISPERSAL”!TO!CORRECT!
URBAN!PRIMACY!AND!INTERNREGIONAL!DIVERGENCIES!IN!THE!PHILS!WAS!BEGUN!UNDER!THE!ADMINISTRATION!
OF!PRESIDENT:!
A. CARLOS!P.!GARCIA!
B. FERDINAND!MARCOS!
C. CORAZON!AQUINO!
D. FIDEL!RAMOS!
E. GLORIA!M.!ARROYO!
!
371.!!ACCORDING!TO!RAF8749,!!THIS!GEOGRAPHICNBASED!DOCUMENT!INTEGRATES!PRIMARY!DATA!AND!
INFORMATION!ON!NATURAL!RESOURCES!AND!ANTHROPOGENIC!ACTIVITIES!ON!THE!LAND!AS!EVALUATED!USING!
VARIOUS!RISK!ASSESSMENT!AND!FORECASTING!METHODOLOGIES!AND!EVALUATES!ENVIRONMENT!QUALITY!AND!
CARRYING!CAPACITY!OF!AN!AREA!IN!SUCH!A!WAY!!THAT!ENABLES!PLANNERS!AND!GOVT!DECISIONNMAKERS!TO!
ANTICIPATE!THE!TYPE!OF!CONTROL!NECESSARY!IN!THE!PLANNING!AREA.!
A. NATURAL!RESOURCES!INVENTORY!
B. ENVIRONMENTAL!ACCOUNTING!
C. BIOGEOGRAPHIC!COMPENDIUM!
D. ECONPROFILE!
!
372.!!IN!THE!SEPP,!“GEOLOGY!COVERS!SUBSURFACE!CONDITONS,!SEISMIC!FAULTS!LINES,!BEDROCK!AND!
MINERALS”,!WHILE!“PATTERNS!OF!PRECIPITATION,!TEMPERATURE,!HUMIDITY!AND!WIND”!ARE!DISCUSSED!
UNDER:!
A. ATMOSPHERIC!AND!ASTRONPHYSICAL!SCIENCES!
B. HYDROLOGY!
C. CLIMATE!
D. AGRONECOLOGY!
!
373.!!THIS!PROCESS!DEFINES!THE!PHYSICAL!PLATFORM!OF!DEVELOPMENT!AT!THE!LOCAL!LEVEL!AND!PROCEEDS!
BY!SYSTEMATICALLY!EVALUATING!ALTERNATIVE!PATTERNS!OF!RESOURCE!USE,!CHOOSING!THAT!USE!WHICH!
MEETS!SPECIFIED!GOALS,!AND!DRAWINGNUP!APPROPRIATE!POLICIES!AND!PROGRAMS,!DIRECTED!TO!THE!BEST!
USE!OF!THE!LAND!IN!VIEW!OF!ACCEPTED!OBJECTIVES!AND!OF!ENVIRONMENTAL!AND!SOCIETAL!OPPORTUNITIES!
AND!CONSTRAINTS.!
A. FRAMEWORK!PLANNING!
B. STRATEGIC!PLANNING!
C. LAND!USE!PLANNING!
D. DEVELOPMENT!PLANNING!
!
374.!!THIS!DOCUMENT!CONSISTS!OF!SPECIFIC!PROPOSALS!TO!GUIDE!GROWTH!IN!A!LOCALITY!INCLUDING!
STATEMENTS!ABOUT!COMMUNITY!GOALS,!PRIORITIES,!STRATEGIES!AND!SOCIALLYNDESIRED!MIX!OF!RESOURCES!
USES.!THESE!ARE!ILLUSTARTED!BY!MAPS,!DIAGRAMS,!CHARTS,!TABLES!THAT!SHOWS!A!COHERENT!!SPATIAL!
FRAMEWORK!FOR!ENVIRONMENT!PROTECTION,!ECONOMIC!PRODUCTION,!SETTLEMENTS!AND!
INFRASTRUCTURE.!
A. CHARETTE!
B. CHAT!ROULETTE!
C. COMPREHENSIVE!LAND!USE!PLAN!
D. STRATEGIC!PLAN!
E. FRAMEWORK!PLAN!
!
375.!!!IN!CONTRAST!TO!THE!LONGNTERM!SKELETALNCIRCULATORY!FRAMEWORK,!THIS!IS!THE!OVERALL!MEDIUMN
TERM!ACTION!PLAN!UTILIZED!BY!EVERY!LOCAL!ADMINISTRATION!TO!DEVELOP!SOCIONECONOMIC!DEVELOPMENT!
PROJECTS!AND!IMPLEMENT!SECTORAL,!CROSSNSECTORAL!AND!MULITNSECTORAL!PROGRAMS!TO!BE!TRANSLATED!
INTO!PUBLIC!INVESTMENT!MEASURES!AND!INCENTIVES!TO!PRIVATE!INVESTMENT.!
A. COMPREHENSIVE!LAND!USE!PLAN!
B. BLUEPRINT!
C. COMPREHENSIVE!DEVELOPMENT!PLAN!
D. MASTER!PLAN!
!
376.!!THIS!REFERS!TO!ANY!LARGENSCALE!MASTERNPLANNED!DEVELOPMENT!WHICH!INCLUDES!HOUSING,!WORK!
PLACES!AND!RELATED!FACILITIES!WITHIN!A!SELFNCONTAINED!SETNUP,!BASED!ON!THE!ASSUMPTION!THAT!IT!CAN!
BE!BUILT!FROM!ZERO,!MORE!OR!LESS.!
A. FREIBURG!OR!FREETOWN!
B. BOROUGH!
C. NEW!TOWN!
D. COUNTRY!ESTATE!
E. ECONINDUSTRIAL!PARK!
!
377.!!AN!ESSENTIAL!PART!OF!LANDNUSE!PLANNING,!THIS!ACTIVITY!OCCURS!AFTER!STRATEGIC!PLANNING!BUT!
BEFORE!THE!DETAILED!LAYOUT!OF!LOCATION!AND!AIMS!TO!CHARACTERIZE!AND!DESIGN!A!PARCEL!OF!LAND!OR!
SPECIFIC!SECTION!OF!TOWN!SO!THAT!IT!CAN!FUNCTION!EFFECTIVELY!IN!RELATION!TO!THE!COMPLEXITY!AND!
SCLAE!OF!PROPOSED!DEVELOPMENT!AND!THE!RANGE!OF!LAND!USES!AROUND!IT.!
A. ESTATE!PLANNING!
B. WARDS!AND!PRECINTS!PLANNING!
C. PARCELLARY!PLANNING!
D. SITE!PLANNING!
E. PROJECT!PLANNING!
!
378.!!THIS!CONCERNS!THE!ARRANGEMENT,!APPEARANCE!AND!FUCNTIONALITY!OF!A!WHOLE!TOWN!OR!CITY,!IN!
PARTICULAR!THE!SHAPE!AND!FORM!OF!THE!CITY!BLOCKS,!THE!USES!OF!PUBLIC!SPACE,!THE!ARTICULATION!OF!
PHYSICAL!FETURES!IN!THREE!DIMENSIONS,!SO!THAT!RESIDENTS!AND!VISITORS!ALIKE!CAN!MAKE!HIGHNQUALITY!
CONNECTIONS!BETWEEN!PEOPLE,!PLACES!AND!BUILDINGS.!
A. ARCHITECTURAL!MASTER!PLAN!
B. CITYSCAPE!AND!STREETSCAPE!
C. URBAN!DESIGN!
D. FORM!AND!STYLE!
E. VISUAL!PANORAMA!
!
379.!!IT!IS!AN!INTEGRATED!DEVELOPMENT!WHEREIN!A!DEFINED!AREA!IS!COMPREHENSIVELY!PLANNED!AS!A!
UNITARY!ENTITY!SUCH!THAT!INNOVATIONS!IN!SITE!DESIGN!AND!BUILDING!DESIGN!ARE!REWARDED!BY!THE!GOVT!
WITH!SOME!FLEXIBILITY!IN!ZONING,!USUALLY!RELAXATION!OF!STANDARDS!OR!THEIR!REPLACEMENT!WITH!
NEGOTIATED!AGREEMENT!BETWEEN!THE!DEVELOPER!AND!THE!LGU.!
A. ENTERPRISES!ZONE!
B. SITES!AND!SERVICES!MODEL!
C. ZONAL!IMPROVEMENT!PROGRAM!
D. PLANNED!UNIT!DEVELOPMENT!
!
380.!!IF!LANDS!WITH!SLOPE!BETWEEN!18%N30%!CONSTITUTE!45%!OF!TOTAL!LAND!AREA,!THOSE!WITH!THE!SLOPE!
ABOVE!30%!CONSTITUTE!8%,!WHAT!PERCENT!OF!PHIL.!GROSS!LAND!AREA!IS!GENERALLY!DESCRIBED!AS!
“ALIENABLE!AND!DISPOSABLE”?!
A. ROUGHLY!47%!
B. ROUGHLY!53%!
C. ROUGHLY!43%!
D. ROUGHLY!57%!
!
381.!!“LAND!USE”!AND!“LAND!CLASSIFICATION”!ARE:!
A. THE!SAME!
B. MUTUALLY!EXCLUSIVE!
C. “LAND!CLASSIFICATION”!IS!PROPER!TERM!FOR!LEGAL!AND!BUREAUCRATIC!TRANSACTIONS!WHILE!“LAND!
USE”!IS!USED!FOR!BASIC!ENVIRONMENTAL!ANALYSIS.!
D. “LAND!CLASSIFICATION”!IS!A!SCIENTIFIC!CONCEPTUAL!SCHEME!WHILE!”LAND!USE”!REFERS!TO!ACTUAL!
UTILIZATION!OR!“CONSUMPTION”!OF!LAND.!
!
382.!!“LAND!USE!“!HAS!TO!BE!PLANNED!FOR!THE!COMMUNITY!AS!A!WHOLE!BECAUSE!THE!CONSERVATION!OF!
SOIL,!WATER!AND!OTHER!NATURAL!RESOURCES!IS!OFTEN!BEYOND!THE!MEANS!OF!INDIVIDUAL!LAND!USER.!
A. TRUE!
B. FALSE!
C. TRUE!ONLY!FOR!CLOSED!SOCIETIES!AND!SOCIALIST!ECONOMIES!BUT!NOT!FOR!FREE!MARKET!SOCIETIES.!
D. PARTIALLY!FALSE!BECAUSE!‘FREE!MARKET!FORCES’!ALWAYS!KNOW!BETTER!HOW!TO!APPORTION!LAND.!
!
383.!WHICH!STATEMENT!ABOUT!‘LAND!SUITABILITY”!IS!TRUE,!BASED!ON!DEFINITION!FROM!US!DEPARTMENT!OF!
AGRICULTURE!AND!UNITED!NATIONS!FOOD!AND!AGRICULTURE!ORGANIZATION?!
A. ‘LAND!CAPABILITY’!REFERS!TO!THE!‘CARRYING!CAPACITY’!OF!LAND!WHILE!‘LAND!SUITABILITY’!REFERS!TO!
‘APPROPRIATENESS’!OF!LAND!FOR!HUMAN!USE!AND!HABITATION.!
B. ‘LAND!CAPABILITY’!REFERS!TO!APPROPRIATENESS!OF!LAND!FOR!ENGINEERING!AND!PHYSICAL!
INTERVENTION!WHILE!‘LAND!SUITABILITY’!REFERS!TO!APPROPRIATENESS!FOR!NATURAL!PRODUCTION.!
C. ‘LAND!CAPABILITY’!REFERS!TO!THE!BROADEST!USES!OF!LAND!FOR!URBAN!DEVELOPMENT!WHILE!‘LAND!
SUITABILITY’!RFERS!TO!ITS!FITNESS!FOR!RURAL!DEVELOPMENT!
D. ‘LAND!CAPABILITY’!IS!THE!BROAD!INHERENT!CAPACITY!OF!THE!LAND!TO!PERFORM!AT!A!GIVEN!LEVEL!FOR!
GENERAL!USE,!WHILE!‘LAND!SUITABILITY’!IS!THE!ADAPTABILITY!OF!A!GIVEN!LAND!FOR!A!SPECIFIC!KIND!
OF!LAND!USE,!USUALLY!FARM!CROPS.!
!
384.!!WHICH!IS!NOT!CONSIDERED!‘PRODUCTION!LAND’!IN!A!PHILIPPINES!LGU?!
A. AGRONINDUSTRIAL!ESTATE!
B. CROPLAND!
C. ORCHARD!
D. FISHPOND!
E. FISH!PEN!
!
385.!!WHICH!TYPE!OF!LAND!USE!IS!NOT!DESCRIBED!AS!‘URBAN’?!
A. RESIDENTIAL!
B. INSTITUTIONAL!
C. INDUSTRIAL!
D. MINERAL!
!
386.!!WHICH!TYPE!OF!LAND!USE!IS!MOST!EASILY!REVERSIBLE!OR!CONVERTIBLE!TO!ITS!ORIGINAL!STATE?!
A. FOREST!LAND!
B. MEMORIAL!PARK!
C. INFRASTRUCTURE!LAND!
D. COMMERCIAL!
!
387.!!WHICH!OF!THE!FOLLOWING!IS!NOT!A!FACTOR!TO!DETERMINE!SUITABILITY!OF!LAND!FOR!HEAVY!INDUSTRIAL!
USE?!
A. LOADNBEARING!!
B. LOCATION!
C. SLOPE!
D. SOIL!CHARACTERISTICS!
!
388.!!WHICH!OF!THE!FOLLOWING!IS!NOT!A!FACTOR!TO!DETERMINE!SUITABILITY!OF!LAND!FOR!AGRICULUTRE!
USE?!
A. CLIMATE!AND!RAINFALL!
B. SOIL!QUALITY!
C. GEOLOGIC!FAULT!LINES!
D. SLOPE!
!
389.!!WHAT!ARE!THE!DETERMINANTS!OF!SOIL!FERTILITY!FOR!AGRICULTURAL!LAND!USE?!
A. SOIL!MOISTURE,!WATER!HOLDING!CAPACITY,!PERMEABILITY,!POROSITY,!NUTRIENT!RETENTION,!
MINERALIZABLE!NITROGEN!
B. SURFACE!TEXTURE,!SOIL!PARTICLE,!SOIL!STRUCTURE,!SHRINKNSWELL!POTENTIAL!
C. SOIL!DRAINAGE,!RUNNOFF!AND!SOIL!EROSION!BY!WATER!AND!BY!WIND!
D. CLAY,!SILT,!SAND!AND!PARENT!MATERIAL!
!
390.!!IN!AGRICULTURAL!LAND!USE!PLANNING,!THE!SOIL!CHARACTERISTICS!OF!SLUM!DEPTH!AND!CLAYNSILT!
FRACTION!THAT!WOULD!ENSURE!GOOD!GROWTH!ARE:!
A. <50!CM!AND!<80%!
B. >100CM!AND!>80%!
C. 50N100!CM!AND!40N80%!
D. 10N50!CM!AND!10N40%!

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