Presented by: Eng.

Mhmd Al-sharif Planning Tool

2 Outlines:
1. LTE Key Parameters
2. Project Phases
3. Coverage Planning
 System Parameters
 eNodeB Parameters
 UE Parameters
 Other Parameters
 RF Propagation Model
 Coverage calculations
4. Capacity Planning
 Network Throughput
 Service Model
 Traffic Model
 Control Overhead
 Cell Throughput
 Capacity Calculations
5. Testing
3 LTE Key Parameters
 OFDMA for DL multiple access
 SC-FDMA for UL multiple access
 RB consists of 12 SCs and 0.5ms TS on time domain
 Radio frame duration = 10ms = 10 subframes = 20 TS
 Maximum throughput: DL 300Mbps & UL 75 Mbps
 Various MIMO techniques on DL and UL
 4 Project Block Diagram
System Parameters
Required
eNodeB Parameters Cells due to
Link MAPL Propagation Cell Cell Dimensioning Coverage
Budget Model Radius Area Area/Cell Area
UE Parameters

Other Parameters
Cell Type Dimensioning
Area Required eNodeB
Number

Service Model
Single user Network Requirements
Traffic Model throughput Throughput (IP)

Network
Number of users Throughput/Cell
Required
throughput
Cells due to
Cell throughput Cell throughput Capacity
control overhead
(MAC) (IP) Capabilities
 5 Coverage Planning
 Our goal: Calculating the number of eNodeBs needed to provide signals with enough received power on DL & UL
inside the coverage area.
 Link Budget: Received Power = Transmitted Power + Gains - Losses

Sensitivity
MAPL = EIRP + Gain – Margins –
 6 Project Block Diagram
System Parameters
Required
eNodeB Parameters Cells due to
Link MAPL Propagation Cell Cell Dimensioning Coverage
Budget Model Radius Area Area/Cell Area
UE Parameters

Other Parameters
Cell Type Dimensioning
Area Required eNodeB
Number

Service Model
Single user Network Requirements
Traffic Model throughput Throughput (IP)

Network
Capacity Planning Number of users Throughput/Cell
throughput
Required
Cells due to
Cell throughput Cell throughput Capacity
control overhead
(MAC) (IP) Capabilities
 DL Link Budget

7 System Parameters
 Duplex mode: FDD
 Frequency bands: 19 paired frequency bands
 Channel Bandwidth(MHz):1.4, 3, 5, 10, 15, 20
 Clutter type: Dense Urban, Urban, Suburban and Rural
 Channel Model: EPA5Hz & ETU70Hz
• EPA5HZ: 2~7 km/hr
• ETU70HZ: 28~102 km/hr
1.4MHz

3MHz

5MHz 10MHz 15MHz 20MHz

6RB 15RB 25RB 50RB 75RB 100RB

 8 Project Block Diagram
System Parameters
Required
eNodeB Parameters Cells due to
Link MAPL Propagation Cell Cell Dimensioning Coverage
Budget Model Radius Area Area/Cell Area
UE Parameters

Other Parameters
Cell Type Dimensioning
Area Required eNodeB
Number

Service Model
Single user Network Requirements
Traffic Model throughput Throughput (IP)

Network
Capacity Planning Number of users Throughput/Cell
throughput
Required
Cells due to
Cell throughput Cell throughput Capacity
control overhead
(MAC) (IP) Capabilities
 DL Link Budget

9 eNodeB Parameters

Tx Power Feeder Jumper Connector TTA Tx Antenna

Per SC Loss Loss Loss insertion Loss Gain

EIRP
(dBi)
 10 Project Block Diagram
System Parameters
Required
eNodeB Parameters Cells due to
Link MAPL Propagation Cell Cell Dimensioning Coverage
Budget Model Radius Area Area/Cell Area
UE Parameters

Other Parameters
Cell Type Dimensioning
Area Required eNodeB
Number

Service Model
Single user Network Requirements
Traffic Model throughput Throughput (IP)

Network
Capacity Planning Number of users Throughput/Cell
throughput
Required
Cells due to
Cell throughput Cell throughput Capacity
control overhead
(MAC) (IP) Capabilities
 DL Link Budget

11 UE Parameters

Thermal Noise Receiver

SINR
Body Loss noise per figure Sensitivity
Required
SC (dBm) (dBm)

More Complicated
 DL Link Budget

12 UE Parameters
Calculating the Required SINR

Target cell edge

throughput (T)
Channel Allocated Target BLER
Bandwidth NRB (Typically 10%)

MIMO
Scheme
Required Channel Model
(EPA5, ETU70)
QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM SINR
Target MCS
Coding rates: 12%~93% {0,..,28}
Manual or from
Optimization method
 DL Link Budget
UE Parameters
13 Calculating the Required SINR
Method of Optimizing MCS
 MCS with the least number of RBs, requires high SINR (big capacity low coverage)
 MCS with minimum needed SINR, requires a lot of RBs (high coverage small capacity)
 Optimum MCS balancing the number of granted RBs and the required SINR
 Example: DL throughput 10Mbps:

MCS14 is the optimum MCS

 14 Project Block Diagram
System Parameters
Required
eNodeB Parameters Cells due to
Link MAPL Propagation Cell Cell Dimensioning Coverage
Budget Model Radius Area Area/Cell Area
UE Parameters

Other Parameters
Cell Type Dimensioning
Area Required eNodeB
Number

Service Model
Single user Network Requirements
Traffic Model throughput Throughput (IP)

Network
Capacity Planning Number of users Throughput/Cell
throughput
Required
Cells due to
Cell throughput Cell throughput Capacity
control overhead
(MAC) (IP) Capabilities
 DL Link Budget
15
Other Parameters: HARQ Gain & TTI Bundling Gain
 HARQ & TTI bundling reduce the required Rx SINR which is translated as gain in the link budget
 TTI bundling delay is less than HARQ delay
 TTI Bundling is recommended for VoIP and real time services
 HARQ is recommended in good CQI conditions and BE services

Target Residual
Allocated NRB BLER

HARQ Target Number of

Target MCS Gain from Retransmissions
simulation
 DL Link Budget
16
Other Parameters: Margins

 DL Link Budget
17
Other Parameters: Other Gains
 Beam forming Gain: 2 ~ 5 dB depends on building density
 FDBS Gain: depends on the scheduling algorithm {Round Robin,
Carrier by carrier in turn, Riding Peaks, RB Grouping}
 Handover Gain: 2 ~ 5 dB
 18 Project Block Diagram
System Parameters
Required
eNodeB Parameters Cells due to
Link MAPL Propagation Cell Cell Dimensioning Coverage
Budget Model Radius Area Area/Cell Area
UE Parameters

Other Parameters
Cell Type Dimensioning
Area Required eNodeB
Number

Service Model
Single user Network Requirements
Traffic Model throughput Throughput (IP)

Network
Capacity Planning Number of users Throughput/Cell
throughput
Required
Cells due to
Cell throughput Cell throughput Capacity
control overhead
(MAC) (IP) Capabilities
 Propagation Cell
MAPL
19 Propagation Models Model Radius

 An RF propagation model is a mathematical formula used to characterize the radio wave

propagation between the transmitter and receiver.
 Okumura-Hata: [150MHz,1500MHz]

hms & hb are the UE and eNB heights, R is the separation between Tx and Rx antennas

By substituting PL by MAPL in the previous equation we get the cell Radius

 COST231-Hata: [1500MHz,2000MHz]
 20 Project Block Diagram
System Parameters
Required
eNodeB Parameters Cells due to
Link MAPL Propagation Cell Cell Dimensioning Coverage
Budget Model Radius Area Area/Cell Area
UE Parameters

Other Parameters
Cell Type Dimensioning
Area Required eNodeB
Number

Service Model
Single user Network Requirements
Traffic Model throughput Throughput (IP)

Network
Capacity Planning Number of users Throughput/Cell
throughput
Required
Cells due to
Cell throughput Cell throughput Capacity
control overhead
(MAC) (IP) Capabilities
21 Cell Area
 22 Project Block Diagram
System Parameters
Required
eNodeB Parameters Cells due to
Link MAPL Propagation Cell Cell Dimensioning Coverage
Budget Model Radius Area Area/Cell Area
UE Parameters

Other Parameters
Cell Type Dimensioning
Area Required eNodeB
Number

Service Model
Single user Network Requirements
Traffic Model throughput Throughput (IP)

Network
Capacity Planning Number of users Throughput/Cell
throughput
Required
Cells due to
Cell throughput Cell throughput Capacity
control overhead
(MAC) (IP) Capabilities
 23 Capacity Planning
 Our goal:

Calculating the number of eNBs needed to provide DL&UL bit rates required by all UEs in the network

 Total Network Throughput: the total required throughput to be provided by the network
 Cell Throughput: throughput available in a single cell

Network throughput Cell

throughput
 24 Project Block Diagram
System Parameters
Required
eNodeB Parameters Cells due to
Link MAPL Propagation Cell Cell Dimensioning Coverage
Budget Model Radius Area Area/Cell Area
UE Parameters

Other Parameters
Cell Type Dimensioning
Area Required eNodeB
Number

Service Model
Single user Network Requirements
Traffic Model throughput Throughput (IP)

Network
Number of users Throughput/Cell
Required
throughput
Cells due to
Cell throughput Cell throughput Capacity
control overhead
(MAC) (IP) Capabilities
25 Total network throughput

Traffic Service
Model Model
 26 Project Block Diagram
System Parameters
Required
eNodeB Parameters Cells due to
Link MAPL Propagation Cell Cell Dimensioning Coverage
Budget Model Radius Area Area/Cell Area
UE Parameters

Other Parameters
Cell Type Dimensioning
Area Required eNodeB
Number

Service Model
Single user Network Requirements
Traffic Model throughput Throughput (IP)

Network
Number of users Throughput/Cell
Required
throughput
Cells due to
Cell throughput Cell throughput Capacity
control overhead
(MAC) (IP) Capabilities
27 Service Model
Includes several parameters used to calculate the traffic volume exchanged during
the session of providing a certain service to a single user.
 28 Project Block Diagram
System Parameters
Required
eNodeB Parameters Cells due to
Link MAPL Propagation Cell Cell Dimensioning Coverage
Budget Model Radius Area Area/Cell Area
UE Parameters

Other Parameters
Cell Type Dimensioning
Area Required eNodeB
Number

Service Model
Single user Network Requirements
Traffic Model throughput Throughput (IP)

Network
Number of users Throughput/Cell
Required
throughput
Cells due to
Cell throughput Cell throughput Capacity
control overhead
(MAC) (IP) Capabilities
29 Traffic Model
 Traffic model describes the general UEs behaviors
 BHSA (Busy Hour Session Attempts) number of the attempts to establish a session during
the busy hour for a single UEs and certain service
 Penetration Ratio: the proportion of the number of subscribers interested in a certain service
to the total number of subscribers in the network.
 30 Project Block Diagram
System Parameters
Required
eNodeB Parameters Cells due to
Link MAPL Propagation Cell Cell Dimensioning Coverage
Budget Model Radius Area Area/Cell Area
UE Parameters

Other Parameters
Cell Type Dimensioning
Area Required eNodeB
Number

Service Model
Single user Network Requirements
Traffic Model throughput Throughput (IP)

Network
Number of users Throughput/Cell
Required
throughput
Cells due to
Cell throughput Cell throughput Capacity
control overhead
(MAC) (IP) Capabilities
31 Physical layer Control Overhead
 DL:
• Reference Signals Overhead: 4.76 ~ 16.6 %
• Synchronization Signals Overhead: 0.09 ~ 1.67 %
• PBCH overhead: 0.16 ~ 3.06 %
• Control channels overhead (PDCCH, PCFICH & PHICH): 16.67 ~ 23.61 %
 UL:
• Reference signals overhead: 11.9 ~ 15.3 %
• PUCCH overhead: 8 ~16.7 %
• PRACH overhead: 0.3 ~ 5 %

Example:
 32 Project Block Diagram
System Parameters
Required
eNodeB Parameters Cells due to
Link MAPL Propagation Cell Cell Dimensioning Coverage
Budget Model Radius Area Area/Cell Area
UE Parameters

Other Parameters
Cell Type Dimensioning
Area Required eNodeB
Number

Service Model
Single user Network Requirements
Traffic Model throughput Throughput (IP)

Network
Number of users Throughput/Cell
Required
throughput
Cells due to
Cell throughput Cell throughput Capacity
control overhead
(MAC) (IP) Capabilities
33 Cell Throughput (on MAC layer)

× × × × × -
34 Cell Throughput (on MAC layer)

Throughput Throughput Throughput Throughput

for MCS0 for MCS1 for MCS1 for MCS28
× × × ×
MCS0 MCS1 MCS1 MCS28
probability probability probability probability

Cell average
throughput
(MAC)
 35 Project Block Diagram
System Parameters
Required
eNodeB Parameters Cells due to
Link MAPL Propagation Cell Cell Dimensioning Coverage
Budget Model Radius Area Area/Cell Area
UE Parameters

Other Parameters
Cell Type Dimensioning
Area Required eNodeB
Number

Service Model
Single user Network Requirements
Traffic Model throughput Throughput (IP)

Network
Number of users Throughput/Cell
Required
throughput
Cells due to
Cell throughput Cell throughput Capacity
control overhead
(MAC) (IP) Capabilities
36 Cell Throughput (IP)
 37 Project Block Diagram
System Parameters
Required
eNodeB Parameters Cells due to
Link MAPL Propagation Cell Cell Dimensioning Coverage
Budget Model Radius Area Area/Cell Area
UE Parameters

Other Parameters
Cell Type Dimensioning
Area Required eNodeB
Number

Service Model
Single user Network Requirements
Traffic Model throughput Throughput (IP)

Network
Number of users Throughput/Cell
Required
throughput
Cells due to
Cell throughput Cell throughput Capacity
control overhead
(MAC) (IP) Capabilities
38 Capacity Calculations
 39 Project Block Diagram
System Parameters
Required
eNodeB Parameters Cells due to
Link MAPL Propagation Cell Cell Dimensioning Coverage
Budget Model Radius Area Area/Cell Area
UE Parameters

Other Parameters
Cell Type Dimensioning
Area Required eNodeB
Number

Service Model
Single user Network Requirements
Traffic Model throughput Throughput (IP)

Network
Number of users Throughput/Cell
Required
throughput
Cells due to
Cell throughput Cell throughput Capacity
control overhead
(MAC) (IP) Capabilities
 40 Number of Cells

Number of cells due to Number of cells due

Coverage Max to capacity

Number of Cells

Demo: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4qqwwuJAd4A
41
Results – Default Configuration
System, eNB and UE parameters
42
Results – Default Configuration
other parameters, propagation model parameters and coverage calculations
43
Results – Default Configuration
Service Model and Traffic Model
44
Results – Default Configuration
single user throughput and average cell throughput
45
Results – Default Configuration
the result

Number of needed sites to fulfil:

Coverage requirements: 2,098

Capacity requirements: 11,364

Final result: 11,364 sites

46 Testing: operating band

Needed sites Needed sites considering only coverage requirements

12000

10000

8000

6000

4000

2000

0
UMTS 850 700 ac 700 bc 900 700 c PS 800 800 800 DD 1500 1500 AWS 1800+ 1800 1900 2100 AWS+ 2600
Only lower upper lower upper PCS

Operating Frequency band

other parameters are kept as default

47 Testing: Bandwidth
Needed sites
50000
Needed sites considering only coverage requirements
45000
Needed sites considering only Capacity requirements
40000

35000

30000

25000

20000

15000

10000

5000

0
1.4MHz 3MHz 5MHz 10MHZ 15MHZ 20MHZ Bandwidth

Operating band is AWS, DL MCS18, UL MCS14, cell edge throughput (DL1024Kbps , UL512Kbps), default configuration for other parameters
 48 Testing: DL cell edge throughput

Needed sites Needed sites considering only coverage requirements

12000 11404 11664
11038 11200
10840
10602
10313
9841
10000 9525
9257 9299 9381
9114 9028

8000

6000

4000

2000

0
256K 512K 1M 2M 3M 4M 5M 6M 7M 8M 9M 10M 11M 12M
DL cell edge throughput (bps)
Operating band is AWS, cell edge throughput (UL128Kbps), default configuration for other parameters
49 Testing: UL cell edge throughput

Needed sites Needed sites considering only UL coverage

30000

25000

20000

15000

10000

5000

0
256K 512K 1M 2M 3M 4M 5M 6M 7M 8M 9M 10M
UL cell edge throughput (bps)

Operating band is AWS,BW 20MHz,DL limitation is eliminated,default configuration for other parameters
50 Testing: Channel Model

Needed sites in considering only coverage requirements

Needed sites
2125

2120

2115

2110

2105

2100

2095

2090

2085
2 - 7 Km/hr 28 - 102 Km/hr

default configuration for all parameters except channel model

51 Testing: Clutter Type
needed sites
Needed sites considering only coverage requirements
8000
7000
6000
5000
4000
3000
2000
1000
0
Dense Urban Urban Suburban Rural
default configuration for all parameters except clutter type
52 Testing: DL MIMO Technique
needed sites Needed sites considering only DL coverage requirements

Needed sites considering only DL Capacity requirements

12000

10000

8000

6000

4000

2000

0
1Tx - 2Rx(MRC) 2Tx - 2Rx (TxDiv) 2Tx - 2Rx (SM) DL MIMO Technique

default configuration for all parameters except DL MIMO Technique

53 Testing: UL MIMO Technique
Needed sites considering only UL coverage requirements
needed sites Needed sites considering only UL Capacity requirements
4500

4000

3500

3000

2500

2000

1500

1000

500

0
1Tx - 1Rx 1Tx - 2Rx (MRC) 1Tx - 4Rx (MRC) 1Tx - 2Rx (MU-MIMO) 1Tx - 4Rx (MU-MIMO)
UL MIMO Technique
default configuration for all parameters except UL MIMO Technique
54 Testing: DL MCS

Needed sites considering only DL coverage requirements

needed sites
50000

45000

40000

35000

30000

25000

20000

15000

10000

5000

0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28
DL MCS

default configuration for all parameters except DL MCS

55 Testing: UL MCS

needed sites
Needed sites considering only UL coverage requirements
4500

4000

3500

3000

2500

2000

1500

1000

500

0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28

UL MCS

default configuration for all parameters except UL MCS, UL Cell edge throughput 512kbps
 56 Testing: DL rBLER / HARQ configuration

needed sites
Needed sites considering only DL coverage requirements
4101
4000

3500 3381

3000

2500
2098
2000

1500 1315
1220

1000 875 912

676 721

500

0
rBLER = 10% (1Tr) rBLER = 2% (1Tr) rBLER = 2% (2Tr) rBLER = 2% (3Tr) rBLER = 2% (4Tr) rBLER = 1% (1Tr) rBLER = 1% (2Tr) rBLER = 1% (3Tr) rBLER = 1% (4Tr)

DL rBLER / HARQ configuration

default configuration for all parameters except DL rBLER / HARQ configuration
57 Testing: UL rBLER / HARQ configuration

Num of needed sites Needed sites considering only UL coverage requirements

4000

3500
3426
3000

2756
2500

2000

1500
1563
1329
1234
1000
957 1019
800 839
500

0
rBLER = 10% (1Tr) rBLER = 2% (1Tr) rBLER = 2% (2Tr) rBLER = 2% (3Tr) rBLER = 2% (4Tr) rBLER = 1% (1Tr) rBLER = 1% (2Tr) rBLER = 1% (3Tr) rBLER = 1% (4Tr)
UL rBLER / HARQ configuration

default configuration for all parameters except UL rBLER / HARQ configuration

58 Testing: DL TTI Bundling size

Needed sites considering only DL coverage requirements

DL TTI Bundling size

4 TTI 930

3 TTI 1101

2 TTI 1397

1 TTI (No TTI Bundling) 2098

0 250 500 750 1000 1250 1500 1750 2000 2250

needed sites

default configuration for all parameters except DL TTI Bundling size

59 Testing: UL TTI Bundling size

Needed sites considering only UL coverage requirements

UL TTI Bundling size

4 TTI

3 TTI

2 TTI

1 TTI (No TTI Bundling)

0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500

default configuration for all parameters except UL TTI Bundling size needed sites
60 Testing: UE Tx Power

Needed sites considering only UL coverage requirements

needed sites
Needed sites considering only UL coverage requirements
2250

2000

1750

1500

1250

1000

750

500

250

0
Class 1 (33 dBm) Class 2 (27 dBm) Class 3 (24 dBm) Class 3 (23 dBm) Class 4 (21 dBm)
UE Tx Power
• default configuration for all parameters except UE Tx Power
61 Testing: eNodeB Tx Power
Needed sites considering only DL coverage requirements
Needed Sites

3500

3000

2500

2000

1500

1000

500

0
39 dBm (8W) 43 dBm (20W) 46 dBm (40W) 47.78 dBm (60W)

eNodeB Tx power per antenna

• default configuration for all parameters except eNodeB Tx Power

62 Testing: eNodeB Tx Antenna Gain

Needed sites considering only DL coverage requirements

Needed Sites
3500

3000

2500

2000

1500

1000

500

0
10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21
eNB Tx Antenna Gain (dB)

• default configuration for all parameters except eNodeB Tx Antenna Gain

63 Testing: eNodeB Tx Antenna Gain

Needed sites considering only UL coverage requirements

Needed Sites
5000

4500

4000

3500

3000

2500

2000

1500

1000

500

0
10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21

eNB Rx Antenna Gain (dB)

• default configuration for all parameters except eNodeB Rx Antenna Gain

64 Testing: Feeder Diameter
Needed Sites Needed sites considering only DL coverage requirements Needed sites considering only UL coverage requirements
3000

2500

2000

1500

1000

500

0
1/2" 7/8" 5/4" 13/8"
Feeder Diameter

• default configuration for all parameters except Feeder Diameter

65 Testing: Feeder Length

Needed Sites Needed sites considering only DL coverage requirements Needed sites considering only UL coverage requirements
2400

2200

2000

1800

1600

1400

1200
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50

Feeder Length (m)

• default configuration for all parameters except Feeder length

66 Testing: Penetration Loss

Needed Sites to meet DL coverage requirements Needed Sites to meet UL coverage requirements
Needed Sites

8000

7000

6000

5000

4000

3000

2000

1000

0
8 dB (Rural) 10 dB (Suburban) 15 dB (Urban) 20 dB (Dense Urban)
Penetration Loss

• default configuration for all parameters except Penetration Loss

67 Testing: Cell Edge Probability (DL)

Needed Sites Needed Sites to meet DL coverage requirements

25000

22014

20000

15000
13345

10468
10000 8992
8029
6786
5979
5394
4575 4941
5000 4012 4271
3788
2984
2098 2468

0
75 80 85 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 98.5 99 99.5 100
Cell Edge Probability (%)

• default configuration for all parameters except Cell Edge Probability

 68 Testing: Cell Edge Probability (UL)

Needed Sites Needed Sites to meet UL coverage requirements

18000
16395
16000

14000

12000

9938
10000

7796
8000
6697
5980
6000 5054
4453
4017
3408 3680
4000 3181
2821 2988
2222
1563 1839
2000

0
75 80 85 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 98.5 99 99.5 100
Cell Edge Probability (%)

• default configuration for all parameters except Cell Edge Probability

69 Testing: Hard Handover Gain (dB)

Needed Sites Needed Sites to meet DL coverage requirements Needed Sites to meet UL coverage requirements
2600

2400

2200

2000

1800

1600

1400

1200
2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5
Hard Handover Gain (dB)

• default configuration for all parameters except Hard Handover Gain

70

Needed Sites
4500
Needed Sites to meet DL coverage requirements
Needed Sites to meet UL coverage requirements
4000

3500

3000

2500

2000

1500
0 1 2 3 4 5 6
Beamforming Gain (dB)
71

Needed Sites Impact of Frequency Domain Packet Scheduling Algorithm

3000
Round Robin
Proportional Fairness
2500

2000

1500

1000

500

0
Needed Sites to meet DL coverage requirements Needed Sites to meet UL coverage requirements
72

Needed Sites Impact of UE height on DL Coverage

3000

Needed Sites to meet DL coverage requirements

2500

2000

1500

1000

500

0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

UE Height (m)
73

Needed Sites Impact of UE height on UL Coverage

3000

Needed Sites to meet UL coverage requirements

2500

2000

1500

1000

500

0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

UE Height (m)
74

Needed Sites Impact of eNodeB height on UL Coverage

2400

Needed Sites to meet UL coverage requirements

2200

2000

1800

1600

1400

1200

1000
30 35 40 45 50 55 60

eNodeB Height (m)

75

Needed Sites Impact of eNodeB height on DL Coverage

3500

3300
Needed Sites to meet DL coverage requirements
3100

2900

2700

2500

2300

2100

1900

1700

1500
30 35 40 45 50 55 60

eNodeB Height (m)

76

Needed Sites Impact of Cell Type on DL Coverage

2500
Needed Sites to meet DL coverage requirements

2000

1500

1000

500

0
Omni Bi Sector 3 Sector 6 sectors
77

Needed Sites Impact of Cell Type on UL Coverage

1800

Needed Sites to meet UL coverage requirements

1600

1400

1200

1000

800

600

400

200

0
Omni Bi Sector 3 Sector 6 sectors
 78

Needed Sites Impact of Provided UL Services

5000
4538
4500
Needed Sites to meet UL Capcity requirements
4000

3500
3031
3000

2500

2000

1500

1000 853

500 285
109 170
12 29 8 5 36
0
VoIP Video Phone Video Real Time Streaming IMS Signaling Web browsing File Transfer eMail P2P File Total
Conference Gaming Media Sharing
Service
 79

Needed Sites Impact of Provided DL Services

12000
11368
Needed Sites to meet DL Capacity requirements
10000

8000

6421

6000

4000
3211

2000
763
482
77 8 201 161 3 41
0
VoIP Video Phone Video Real Time Streaming IMS Signaling Web browsing File Transfer eMail P2P File Sharing Total
Conference Gaming Media
Service
80

Impact of planned BLER on UL Capacity

5000

4900

4800
Needed Sites

4700

4600

Needed Sites to meet UL Capcity…

4500
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
UL Services BLER %
 81

Impact of planned BLER on DL Capacity

13000

12500
Needed Sites

12000

11500

Needed Sites to meet DL Capacity requirements

11000
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
DL Services BLER %
82

Questions: mohammad.o.alsharif@Gmail.Com