Fresh Water Production by Desalination of Sea
Water by using Solar energy
Ronn Aldren D. Balite, Julio Ceasar B. Mortel and Efraime Dave A. Pascua
 solar energy. Period and the real-time mathematical
Abstract— — Desalination of seawater and brackish water is
now possible to meet the demand for potable water. Among the
various methods, solar distillation is an attractive solution for
isolated and remote area. The performed work is purely
experimental and is part within the framework of improving
the profitability of a solar still with greenhouse effect. During
this period of experimentation, different parameters have been
mainly a series of measurements: solar radiation, the
temperatures of different parts of the setup (internal pane of
glass, internal air, water in the tank) and the daily production.
The obtained results have allowed us to determine the external
and internal parameters influence on the still yield.
I. INTRODUCTION
Purification of water supplies is extremely important.
Moreover, typical purification systems are easily damaged or
compromised by disasters, natural or otherwise. Water is the
basic necessity for human along with food and air. There is
almost no water left on Earth that is safe to drink without
purification. Only 1% of Earth's water is in a fresh, liquid
state, and nearly all of this is polluted by both diseases and
toxic chemicals. This results in a very challenging situation
for individuals trying to prepare for such situations and keep
themselves and their families safe from the myriad diseases
and toxic chemicals present in untreated water. Everyone
wants to find out the solution of above problem with the
available sources of energy in order to achieve pure water.
II. SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
This study presents the different solutions to the most
commonly used desalination process (RO, MSF, MED), and
solar energy production technology compatible with
desalination. The goal is to assess the feasibility and
profitability used for desalination of seawater with solar
energy. A review of various technologies will define broadly
features associated to each technology and range of cost that
are expected.
III. THE PROBLEM
This study is the problem of using solar energy. It is a
technology that is not only capable of removing a very wide
variety of contaminants in just one step, but is simple,
cost-effective, and environmentally friendly. That is use of
*F. A. Author is a Third Year student of the Department of Electrical
Engineering, Polytechnic University of the Philippines Santa Mesa, Manila
Philippines 1016 (e-mail: author@ boulder.nist.gov).
S. B. Author, Jr., is a Third Year student of the Department of Electrical
Engineering, Polytechnic University of the Philippines Santa Manila, Manila
Philippines 1016 (e-mail: author@lamar. colostate.edu).
T. C. Author is is a Third Year student of the Department of Electrical
Engineering, Polytechnic University of the Philippines Santa Mesa, Manila
Philippines 1016 (e-mail: author@nrim.go.jp).
quantification of fire parameters is very difficult to achieve.
IV. SCOPE AND LIMITATIONS
Desalination is by definition a process removing minerals
and salts from saline water to produce freshwater, that can be
used for human use or irrigation. It’s applied to seawater and
brackish water with different performances criteria. It’s
normally considered that salinity below 500 ppm is suitable
as drinking water. Basically, a complete desalination process
includes 3-4 steps with, first pumping water (from sea,
estuaries or saline aquifers), pretreatment of pumped water
(filtration, chemical addition) desalination process ‘stricto
sensu’ and last, a post treatment if necessary (in some case,
adding few minerals).
There are different ways to produce freshwater with
desalination technologies. More common technologies are:
• Reverse Osmosis
• Multi-stage Flash Process
• Multi Effect distillation
V. METHODOLOGY
The Sensor Node is a basic unit and platform of the Wireless
Sensor Network. A sensor node is commonly composed of a
sensor module, a processing module, a wireless
communication module and a power module.
The SimpliciTI module used is EZ430-RF2500 from Texas
Instruments. This module was chosen because of its
simplicity, small dimensions and low price.
- 2 boards with MSP430F2274 microcontroller and
CC2500 transceiver with chip antenna, two LEDs and push
button.
- USB interface for programming and communication
with PC
- Battery holder with connector to transceiver board This
module is thought as a development tool for wireless
sensor networks and can be used as a standalone device or
incorporated into an existing project.
Results of transmission power loss due to distance increasing
between transmitter and receiver. The maximum distance at
which most data packets were transmitted is about 30 m
which is lower than 50 m (Grimaldi et al.). Also the
maximum transmission distance can be affected by the
orientation of antennas of both transmitter and receiver.
Three Sensors namely, Temperature Sensor, Pressure Sensor
and Rain Sensor are used to detect the occurrence of Forest
Fire, Abnormal Prowling and Rain respectively. The
Temperature Sensor used is Thermistor: RL0703-624-73-MS
from ATC Semitec Limited.

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