234

perunding zar sdn bhd Job No. Sheet No. Rev.
(Civil & Structural Consulting Engineers) Member/Location
CALCULATION SHEET Drg. Ref.
TITLE Cal. By. Date 4/10/2018 Chd.

WEB CONNECTION
Capacity of HSFG bolts:
f= 30 mm Fz= 500 kN
Aeq= 561 mm2
Fv = 286 kN
ps= 375 N.mm2
Kh = 1 Fx= 204 kN
m = 0.5
N= 1 as cover plates for both faces
gm= 1.2
gf3= 1
I-Beam size, B= 302 mm tf= 23 mm

D= 594 mm tw= 14 mm
Area= 21709 mm 2
I= ### mm4
Web Splice
eccentricity = 85 mm
Try plate thickness, t = 20 mm
sy= 275 N.mm2
Shear = 500.00 kN
Axial load = 204 kN
Min. edge distance(1.5f) = 45 mm

In web say 6 No. bolts 75 c/c vertically: Check!
y1 = 37.5 498 mm avalaible space in web
y2 = 112.5 465 mm plate required
y3 = 187.5 Ok!
bolt group Z = 2x(1406.25+12656.25+35156.25)
= 98438 mm2
Average stress on girder due to axial load = 9.40 N/mm2

Horizontal Shear Force on bolt due to axial load = 16.21 kN
Vertical shear forces due to shear = 83.33 kN
Horizontal shear force on bolt due to moment
due to eccentricity = 80.95 kN
Resultant shear force = 128.00 kN
Friction capacity per bolt:

Pd= KhFvmN
gmgf3
= 119.17 kN
Shear capacity per bolt:
= sq n Aeq
sm sf3 2
= 123.96 kN
Bearing capacity on web: web plate
(edge distance = 2 x hole diameter) k1 = 1 1
= k1 k2 k3 k4 sy x f x t k2 = 1.7 1.7
gmgf3 k3 = 1.2 1.2
= 420.75 kN k4 = 1.5 1.5
Bearing capacity on web:
(edge distance = 2 x hole diameter)
= 420.75 kN
Ultimate bolt capacity = 123.96 kN

Resultant shear force = 128.00 kN > 123.96 NOT OK!!!
Job No. Sheet No. Rev.
perunding zar sdn bhd Member/Location
(Civil & Structural Consulting Engineers)
TITLE PERS.BERTINGKAT DI JLN SULTAN AMINAH, JOHOR BHARU Cal. By. SAN Date 4/10/2018
WEB CONNECTION AT DIAPHRAGM
Capacity of HSFG bolts:
f= 30 mm Fz= 125.22 kN
Aeq= 561 mm2
Fv = 286 kN
ps= 375 N.mm2
Kh = 1
m = 0.5 Fx= 0 kN
N= 2 as cover plates for both faces
gm= 1.2
gf3= 1
Mz= 265.367 kN . m
I-Beam size, B= 302 mm tf= 23 mm
D= 594 mm tw= 14 mm
Area= 21709 mm2
I= ### mm4
Web Splice
eccentricity = 50 mm
Try plate thickness, t = 15 mm
sy = 275 N.mm2
Bending stress, fb = Mc = 60.00 N/mm2
I
Shear = 125.22 kN
Axial load = 0 kN
Moment = 265.37 kN
Min. edge distance(1.5f) = 45 mm

In web say 6 No. bolts 75 c/c vertically: Check!
y1 = 37.5 498 mm avalaible space in web
y2 = 112.5 465 mm plate required
y3 = 187.5 Ok!
bolt group Z = 2x(1406.25+12656.25+35156.25)
= 98438 mm2
Horizontal Shear Force on bolt due to moment = 67.503566 kN

Average stress on girder due to axial load = 0 N/mm2
Horizontal Shear Force on bolt due to axial load = 0 kN
Vertical shear forces due to shear = 20.87 kN
Horizontal shear force on bolt due to moment

due to eccentricity = 11.93 kN
Friction capacity per bolt:

Pd= KhFvmN
gmgf3
= 238.33 kN
Shear capacity per bolt:
= sq n Aeq
sm sf3 2
= 247.93 kN
Bearing capacity on web: web plate
(edge distance = 2 x hole diameter) k1 = 0.5 1
= k1 k 2 k 3 k 4 s y x f x t k2 = 1.7 1.7
gmgf3 k3 = 1.2 1.2
= 157.78 kN k4 = 1.5 1.5
Bearing capacity on web:
(edge distance = 2 x hole diameter)
= 315.56 kN
Ultimate bolt capacity = 238.33333 kN

Resultant shear force = 82.13 kN < 238.3333 OK!
Member/Location

TITLE 48M Arch Bridge - Valdor Cal. By. SAN Date 4/10/2018
Design Data
General Location Temporary
Design Life 120 yrs
Carriageway 7.2m width
(Width of carriageway for determining notional lane 6.00 m
=
No of Notional Lane = 2
Spans 9M Simply supported span
Skew 0o
Surfacing 0 mm Thick
Parapet Steel
Loading Dead Load Steel Work 78.5 kN/m3

Concrete 25 kN/m3 >>NA
Surfacing/Premix 24 kN/m3 >>NA
Parapets 1.5 kN/m
Settlement 10mm at any support
Live Load HA ( 2 notional lane) width of notional lane = 3.0 m

HB 45 Unit with HA (on 2 Lane)
Temperature Temperature difference = -20 o

C
Coefficient of Thermal Expension = 1.200E-05 / o C
(Steel & Concrete)
Deck 250 mm chequer plate
Girders 6 Nos Perwaja H-500 Grade 50 beams
( Perwaja H-500 beams with Half of beam fillet weld at top & bottom)
Design Parameters
Steel : sy = 275 N/mm2 gm = 1.2 gf3 = 1.1
Es = 205 kN/mm2 v = 0.3
Concrete : Fcy = 40 N/mm 2
Ecs = 30 kN/mm2 EcL = 15 kN/mm2

Rebar : Fsry = 460 N/mm2
Esr = 200 kN/mm2
Short term modular ratio , a e = 205
30
ae = 6.833
Member/Location
TITLE 9M STEEL BRIDGE Cal. By. SAN Date 4/10/2018 Chd.
SECTION PROPERTIES OF GRILLAGE MEMBER FOR PERWAJA STEEL SECTION
IDEALISED SECTION
Total Width of Bridge = 9.5 m
9.5
1,500 1,000
450
Paved
Carriageway Median
Shoulder
200
No Beam = 4.00 2.350 m c/c 2.350
@~
8.300
0.600
MAIN MEMBER
Member 1 is Perwaja H 600 x 300 Section

Member 2 & 3 is originally member 1 cut into 2
b Section Properties of member 1

Height of Beam = 594 mm
Thickness of Flange = 23 mm
Width of Flange = 302 mm
Thickness of Web = 14 mm
(1) Height of Web = 548 mm
X-Sectional Area A(1)= 21,710 mm2
Y ST
YN
Shear Area, As (1) = 7,672 mm2

Ixx (1) = ### mm4
(2)
DATUM Sxx (1) = 4,497,000 mm4
perunding zar sdn bhd Member/Location
Cut I-beam Properties

Section No b d y A Ay Ay2 I
Bottom flange 1 302 23 11.500 6946 7.988E+04 9.186E+05 3.062E+05
Web 1 14 274 160.000 3836 6.138E+05 9.820E+07 2.400E+07
297 10782 6.936E+05 9.912E+07 2.431E+07
As = 10,782 mm2
y from bottom = 64.333 mm
I-xxcg = 7.880E+07 mm4
Built-Up Main Member Properties
Section No y A Ay Ay2 I
2 1 64.3 10,782 6.936E+05 4.462E+07 2.431E+07
1 1 594 21,710 1.290E+07 7.660E+09 1.340E+09
32,492 1.359E+07 7.705E+09 1.364E+09
A = 32,492 mm2
y from botto = 418 mm
I-xxcg = 3,385,408,502 mm4
As = 18,600 mm2 (Shear area of the Web only)
Wt of Built-Up = 255 Kg/m
Depth of Web = 891 mm
Sb = 8,094,461 mm3
rxx = 323 mm
Member/Location
TITLE 48M Arch Bridge - Valdor Cal. By. SAN Date 4/10/2018 Chd.
Preliminary Sizing
Girder Depth
Span = 11.5 m
Economic depth ~ 20m to 25m
Since depth of section is limited by Perwaja steel section, Depth is fixed at 1200mm
Span to Depth Ratio = 9.7
Try Beam spacing 2.35 m, ( web is limited by Perwaja steel section )
Calculate Approximate Design Bending Moment @ Pier
Dead Load
Steel 2.551 kN/m x 11.5 x 1/8 x 1.05 = 44.3 kNm

Deck 1.43 kN/m x 11.5 x 1/8 x 1.05 = 24.8 kNm
Premix 0 kN/m x 11.5 x 1/8 x 1.75 = 0.0 kNm
Parapet 0.000 kN/m x 11.5 x 1/8 x 1/2 x 1.15 = 0.0 kNm
69.1 kNm
Live Load
Use the greater of HA & HB Loading
HA Loaded Length = 11.5 m

Therefore HA Load intensity = 65.414 kN/m
{ Ref: BD 37/88 ]
Width of Notional Lane = 6.00 2.00 = 3.00 m
/
ULS Load / beam = 65.4141533 x 2.35 x 1.5 / 3.00 = 76.9 kN/m
KEL / beam = 120 x 2.35 x 1.5 / 3.00 = 141.0 kN/m
HA Moment = wL2 / 10 (approx) = 76.9 x L2 / 10 = 1,016.5 kNm

KEL Moment = wL / 12 (approx) = 141.0 x L / 8 = 202.7 kNm
Ult B. Moment due to HA + KEL = ( 1016.5 + 202.7 ) = 1,219.2 kNm
Determine HB BM by static method :- 112.5kN 112.5kN 112.5kN 112.5kN

1 2 3 4
HB 1 2 3 4 1m c/c
Eff position (m) 1.35 2.35 1.35 0.35
Total 5.4
( d ( d
3 3
H )( H )(
112.5 x 5.4 = 258.51 kN 1
( 1
(
)2 )2
2.35 Spacing (mm) = 2.350
) )
Ult B.Moment due to HB= w L / 8 x 1.3

= 258.51 X 3 X 11.5 / 8 X 1.3 = 1,449 kNm
Design Moment at Pier
Ult B.M due to Dead Load = 69.1 kNm

Ult B.M due to Live Load = 1,449.3 kNm
Ult Design B. Moment = 1,518.4 kNm
Required Plastic Modulus
Min. Required Plastic Modulus = 1,518 1,000,000 = 4.183E+06 mm3

X
275 1.1 1.2
( X X )
Gross Section Properties
Sagging Section
2350
250
( d 891
3
H )(
y
1
() y
2
)
Equivalent width of slab (short term modulus)
= 2350 = 343.90 mm
6.833
Second Moment of Area of Composite section

Member/Location
A y Ay
(mm2) (mm) (mm3)
Equivalent slab 343.902439 X 250 85,976 1,016 8.74E+07
Built-up Perwaja H beam 32,492 418 1.36E+07
118,468 1.01E+08
y = S Ay = 1.009E+08 = 852.1 mm ( Below Slab )

SA 118,468
A y Ay 2 I
(mm2) (mm) (mm4) (mm4)
Equivalent slab 343.9 X 250 85,976 163.9 2.311E+09 4.48E+08
Built-up Perwaja H beam 32,492 -433.8 6.115E+09 3.39E+09
8.426E+09 3.83E+09
Ixx(composite) = 8.426E+09 + 3.833E+09 = 1.226E+10 (mm4)
Member/Location

Hogging Section
Longitudinal Reinforcement in RC Slab :-
Dia of Longitudinal Rebar = 16 mm
Dia of Transverse Rebar = 12 mm T 12 100
@
Spacing Transverse Rebar c.c = 100 mm 2350
62
A y Ay .
.
.
.
.
.
. .
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. .
.
.
.
.
.
. .
250
( d
(mm2) (mm) (mm3) 3 891
Top Rebar 2,658 1,079.0 2.87E+06 H )(
y
1 y
Bottom Rebar 2,658 953 2.53E+06 ()
2
Steel Beam 32,492 418 1.36E+07 )
37,808 1.90E+07
S Ay = 1.90E+07 = 502.3 mm
y = ( Below Slab )
SA 37,808
( use clause 9.3.7.2.1 )
A y Ay 2 I
(mm2) (mm) (mm4) (mm4)
Top Rebar 2,658 576.7 8.84E+08
Bottom Rebar 2,658 450.7 5.40E+08
Steel Beam 32,492 -84.0 2.29E+08 3.39E+09
37,808 1.65E+09 3.39E+09
Ixx(composite) = 1.65E+09 + 3.39E+09 = 5.04E+09 (mm4)

Zxx = 1.00E+07 (mm3)
Continous flange equivalent for reinforcement
Y12 = 1.13
Y16 = 2.05
Total = 4.32 mm
Continous flange equivalent for top flange
tef = 2.96 mm
ry = 430.913998 mm
Check for COMPACT SECTION
{ Ref: BS5400; Part 5 Clause 6.2.2.1 ]
Height of Web in compression 28 . t 355

>/ w { Ref: BS5400; Part 3 Clause 9.3.7.2.1
sy
28 . 355 31.8130905
=
sy
Height of Web in compression = 502.3 - ( 23.0 + 13 ) = 33.3 mm > 31.8130905

tw 14
Since Height of Web in compression Greater Than 31.8130905 Slender Section

tw
Compute Live Load Plus Impact Load
5.8 5.8
### ### ### ###

1.8 1.8
### 1.5 4.5
RA A ### B RB
Summing of moments about point A:
+ åMA = 0
633.35 + 1098.67 + 2649.734 - RB x ### = 0
RB = 4381.76 = 381.02 kN
11.5
So, RA = 1034.04 - 381.02 = 653.02 kN
Now compute the maximum live load moment:
MLL = MMAX = RA x ### - 465.32 = 2310.02 kNm
Distribution factor: Impact Factor:
Beam spacing ( = 1 m I= 50 = 50
L + 125 37.7 ft + 125
DF = S = ### = 0.3
5.5 5.5
DF = 0.6 Use I = 1.3
Apply the impact and wheel load distribution factors:
MLL+I = MLL x DF x =
I 2310.02 x 0.6 x 1.3
= 1791.35 kNm
AASHTO
Design of a composite beam with cover plate
b
Required section modulus is:
Str = ### mm3
Take half to get an approximate:

SB = ### mm3
Referencing PERWAJA build-up tables:

Y ST
YN
cp
SB= ### mm3 for UB 600x300

Y
Use: UB 600x300 build-up

DATUM
I= 3.385E+09 mm4 SB= 8.09E+06 mm3
tf= 23 mm AB= 32,492 mm2
d= 891 mm
Transformed width of slab
E= 205 = 6.83
30
For live loads and dead loads acting on the string k= 1

btr1= bef = 2350 = 343.90 mm
k.n 6.83
For super imposed dead loads k=3

btr3= bef = 2350 = 114.63 mm
k.n 20.50
Area of transformed concrete slab:

Actr= btr . t
Actr1= 85975.61 mm2 Actr3= ### mm2
Distance to centroid of slab from top of steel sringer:

Y2= t/2 + Haunch Depth = 150 mm
and calculate:
e'= Y2 = 0.1684 mm
d
Compute Geometric Constants:
Kc1= Actr1 = 0.726

Actr1 + AB
Kc3= Actr3 = 0.469
Actr3 + AB
Compute Section moduli at Top and Bottom Fibers:
Stop1 1 [0.50+e')2Kc1+0.165]
~
Asd (0.50)-(0.5+e')Kc1
~ 32.70
Sbot1 1 [0.50+e')2Kc1+0.165]
~
Asd (0.50)+(0.5+e')Kc1
~ 0.497
Stop3 1 [0.50+e')2Kc3+0.165]
~
Asd (0.50)-(0.5+e')Kc3
~ 2.00
Sbot3 1 [0.50+e')2Kc3+0.165]
~
Asd (0.50)+(0.5+e')Kc3
~ 0.460
Compute the Required Section Moduli:
SDL = MDL = 340.20 = 1428840 mm3

Fb 238
SSDL = MSDL = 102.6 = 430920 mm3
Fb 238
SLL = MLL = 2139.20 = 8984640 mm3
Fb 238
Compute the Area Required at Top Fiber:
for dead load at the top fiber:
ADL = SDL . AB = 5735.51 mm2
SB
for live load (plus impact load) at the top fiber:
ALL = SLL . Asd= 308.33 mm2
d Stop1
for superimposed dead load at the top fiber:
ASDL = SSDL . Asd= 241.30 mm2
d Stop3
Compute area required at top fiber and check if UB600x300 buid-up provides the necessary area:
Areq = ADL + ALL + ASDL = 6,285.15 mm2
AB= 32,492 > ### OK!
Compute the Area Required at Bottom Fiber:
ADL = SDL . AB = 5735.51 mm2
SB
ALL = SLL . Asd =20305.37 mm2
d Sbot1
ASDL = SSDL . Asd= 1050.65 mm2
d Sbot3
Compute Area Required at Bottom Fiber:
Areq = ADL + ALL + ASDL = 27091.53 mm2
Determine Size of Cover Plate:

AP = Abotreq - AB -5400.47 -2700.24 mm2 Try a cover plate which is
= =
2 2 400 mm wide and
AP = 9600 mm2 > -2700.24 OK! 24 mm thick:
Compute Moments of inertia:

Moment of inertia resisting dead load only:
AY2(mm4) Io(mm )
4
ELEMENT A(mm2) Y(mm) AY(mm3)
400x24PL 9600 12 115200 1382400 ###
UB600x30 32,492 469.5 15254994 7.162E+09 ###
TOTALS 42092 15370194 7.164E+09 ###
IZ= SIo + SAY2 1.055E+10 mm4

=
Y'= SAY 15370194 365.16 mm
= =
SA 42092
IDL= IZ -( SA)(Y')4.937E+09 mm4
=
IDL= 4.937E+09 mm4
and Y'DL= 365.16 mm
Moment of inertia resisting live load:

AY2(mm4) Io(mm )
4
400x24PL 9600 12 115200 1382400 ###
UB600x30 32492 469.5 15254994 7.162E+09 ###
SLAB(k=1 ### 1040 89414634.15 9.299E+10 ###
TOTALS 128068 104784828.1 1E+11 ###
IZ= SIo + SAY2 1.040E+11 mm4

=
Y'= SAY 104784828 818.20 mm
= =
SA 128067.61
ILL= IZ -( SA)(Y')1.825E+10 mm4
=
ILL= 1.825E+10 mm4
and Y'LL= 818.20 mm
Moment of inertia resisting superimposed dead load:

AY2(mm4) Io(mm )
4
400x24PL 9600 12 115200 1382400 460800
UB600x30 32492 469.5 15254994 7.162E+09 3.4E+09
SLAB(k=3 ### 1040 29804878.05 3.1E+10 ###
TOTALS 70750.5 45175072.05 3.816E+10 ###
IZ= SIo + SAY2 4.170E+10 mm4

=
Y'= SAY 45175072 638.51 mm
= =
SA 70750.537
ISDL= IZ -( SA)(Y')1.285E+10 mm4
=
ISDL= 1.285E+10 mm4
and Y' SDL
= 638.51 mm
Stress at bottom fiber of steel s fbot = fDL + fLL + fSDL < Fb
fDL = MDLc = 340.2xE6x365.16 = 25.16 N/mm2

IDL 4.937E+09
fLL = MLLc = 2139.2xE6x818.2 = 95.89 N/mm2
ILL 1.825E+10
fSDL = MSDLc = 102.6xE6x638.51 = 5.10 N/mm2
ISDL 1.285E+10
fbot = 126.15 N/mm2 < 238 OK!
Stress at top fiber of steel secti ftop = fDL + fLL + fSDL < Fb
fDL = 340.2xE6x890-365.16 = 36.17 N/mm

2
4.937E+09
fLL = 2139.2xE6x890-818.2 = 8.41 N/mm2
1.825E+10
fSDL = 102.6xE6x890-638.51 = 2.01 N/mm2
1.285E+10
ftop = 46.59 N/mm2 < 238 OK!
Stress at top fiber of concrete: fc = fLL + fSDL < Fb
fLL = MLLc = 2139.2xE6x1165-818.2 = 5.95 N/mm2

k . n . ILL 1.247E+11
fSDL = MSDLc = 102.6xE6x1165-638.51 = 0.21 N/mm2
k . n . ISDL 2.634E+11
fC = 6.15 N/mm 2
< 18.18 OK!
Determine Theoretical Length of Cover Plate
Find the section modulus of rolled beam without cover plate:
Sb= ### mm3 for UB 600x300 build-up
Compute the section modulus with cover plate:

Sp= IDL = 4.937E+09 1.352E+07 mm3
=
Y'DL 365.16
Compute the resisting moment for the beam without cover plate:
Mb= Fb . Sb = 1927 kN.m
Compute the resisting moment for the beam with cover plate:
Mp= Fb . Sp = 3219.05 kN.m
Compute therotical length using the ratio

x2 = b x2 = 3219.05-1927.25 x= 3.64 m
(L/2) 2
y (11.5/2)
2 3219.05
The to tal therotical length is:

Lp = 2x = 7.29 m say Lp = 8.00 m
Deflections
Live load deflections:
DLL= PL3 = 258.51x1153 = 2.19 mm < 9.58 mm
48EI 48x18.254+E9x205
Dead load deflections:

4
DDL= 5wL4 = 5x0.003x11500= 0.74 mm < 9.58 mm
384EI 384x4.937+E9x205
Superimposed dead load deflections:

DSDL= 5wL4= 5x0x11500
4
0.00 mm < 9.58mm
=
384EI 384x12.851+E9x205
DEFLECTION OK
perunding zar sdn bhd Job No Sheet No Rev
(379501-A)

Member/Location
Girder Preliminary Sizing
Girder Depth
Span = 11.5 m
Span to Depth Ratio = 9.7
Check Web Thickness
Proposed Beam spaci 2.35 m,
Calculate shear :- Steel 2.551 kN/m x 11.5 x 1.0 29 kN

Deck 1.43 kN/m x 11.5 x 1.0 16 kN
Premix 0 kN/m x 11.5 x 1.75 0 kN
HB 45 say 70% of vehicle 0.7 x 1800 0.838
1055.25 x 1.3 1372 kN
1418 kN
Prelim Size web to take 150 % of shear 2126 kN
Depth of Web, dw = 891 mm

Web Thk, tw = 14 mm
dwe / tw = 63.6
Yield shear stress, ty = syw / Ö 3 = 158.8 N/mm2
Aspect ratio , f = a/dw = 5

l = dwe / twÖ (syw /355) = 56
tl / ty = 1 ( fig. 11 , mfw = 0 )
Therefore Shear resistance of the web 1 x 158.8 x 891.0 x 14.0

1000 x ( 1.10 x 1.05 )
Therefore Shear resistance of the web 1715 kN > 1418 OK
Bottom Flange
Ult Design B. Moment = 1,518 kNm
Lever arm between flanges = 594 mm
Maximum design stresses = sy 275 208.333 N/mm2

gm . gf3 =
1.2 x 1.1
Flange Width = 302 mm Flange Thickness = 23 mm
Flange thickness required = 1,518 x 106 40.6 mm

594.0 x 208.33 x 302 =
Flange thickness required = 40.6 mm > 23 Not OK
Mid-Span Bottom Flange
Ult Design B. Moment = 1,484 kNm
Lever arm between flanges =

Beam Depth + ½ slab = 1,313 mm
Maximum design stresses = sy 275 238.095 N/mm2

gm . gf3 =
1.05 x 1.1
Flange Width = 302 mm Flange Thickness = 23 mm
Flange thickness required = 1,483.8 x 106 = 15.7

1,313.0 x 238.10 x 302
Flange thickness required = 15.7 mm < 23 OK

TITLE PERSIMPANGAN BERTINGKAT DI JLN SULTAN AMINAH, JOHOR BHARU Cal. By. SAN Date 4/10/2018 Chd.
Differential Temperature
150 2 1
1 2
250
3
14 23
288.95 5
852.05 6
+Ve Temp. Diference

-Ve Temp. Diferences
Forces and Moments due to +ve Temperature Diferences

### ° Force required to prevent each element from expanding
150 5 F= A E a . D t
4
Equal and opposite forces applied to composite section:
100 3 4 ° Dist. From:
23 2 ### ° Element A E D t Force, kN top of slab N.A. moment
1### ° 1 423 x 14 205000 1.51 21.94 398.67 -109.72 -2.41
377 2 302 x 23 205000 3.11 53.11 261.50 27.45 1.46
3 2350 x 100 30000 3.60 304.56 200.00 88.95 27.09
4 2350 x 150 30000 4.00 507.60 75.00 213.95 108.60
5 2350 x 150 30000 5.25 666.23 50.00 238.95 159.19
S 1553.43 S 293.93
(Pt) (Mt)
Primary stress due to the dif. Temp

s = -Pt + -Mty + E a . D t
A I
At top of slab: -1553435 + -2.9E+08 x 288.95 + 205000 x ### x ###
118468 1.23E+10
= -13.1127 + -6.9 + 35.67
= 16 N/mm2 (Steel units)
16 = 2 N/mm2 (Concrete units)
###
At top flange: -1553435 + -2.9E+08 x 38.95 + 205000 x ### x ###

118468 1.23E+10
= -13.1127 + -0.9 + 7.87
= -6 N/mm 2
At 400mm below
top flange: -1553435 + -2.9E+08 x -361.05 + 205000 x ### x ###
118468 1.23E+10
= -13.1127 + 8.7 + 0.00
= -4 N/mm 2
At bottom flange: -1553435 + -2.9E+08 x -852.05

118468 1.23E+10
= -13.1127 + 20.4
= 7.3 N/mm 2
Forces and Moments due to -ve Temperature Diferences
-4.3 °
6
150 Dist. From:
Element A E D t Force, kN top of slab N.A. moment
5 100 1 302 x 23 205000 -8 -136.70 1152.50 -863.55 118.05
4 23 2 491 x 14 205000 -8 -135.28 895.50 -606.55 82.05
377 3 377 x 14 205000 -4 -54.92 398.67 -109.72 6.03
3
-8 ° 4 302 x 23 205000 -0.2 -3.93 257.67 31.28 -0.12
5 2350 x 100 30000 0.00 0.00 183.33 105.61 0.00
491 6 2350 x 150 30000 -2.13 -269.66 50.00 238.95 -64.44
2 S -600.49 S 141.57
-8 ° 23 (Pt) (Mt)
1
At top of slab: 600492 + -1.4E+08 x 288.95 + 205000 x -4.3 x 1.2E-05

118468 1.23E+10
= 5.068828 + -3.3 + -10.455
= -8.7 N/mm2 (Steel units)
-9 = -1.28 N/mm2 (Concrete units)
###
At top flange: 600492 + -1.4E+08 x 38.95 + 205000 x -0.2 x 1.2E-05

118468 1.23E+10
= 5.068828 + -0.4 + -0.57
= 4.05 N/mm 2
At 400mm below
top flange: 600492 + -1.4E+08 x -361.05 + 205000 x -8.0 x 1.2E-05
118468 1.23E+10
= 5.068828 + 4.2 + -19.68
= -10.44 N/mm2
At bottom flange: 600492 + -1.4E+08 x -852.05 + 205000 x -8 x 1.2E-05

118468 1.23E+10
= 5.068828 + 9.8 + -19.68
= -4.77 N/mm 2
2
2
3
3
5 4
4 5
6
6
7
7
+ve Diference -ve Diference
Member/Location
TITLE 48M Arch Bridge - Valdor Cal. By. Date 4/10/2018 Chd.
Wind Loads on Completed Bridge
Maximum gust speed Vc = V k1s1s2
V = 28 m/s
k1 = 1.0
s1 = 1.0
s2 = 1.5
Vc = 28 x 1.0 x 1.0 x 1.5 = 43.12 m/s
For loaded deck, Vc = 35 m/s

Hence q = 0.6 x 43.12 2
x 10-3 = 1.14 kN/m2 (unloaded)
0.6 x 35 2
x 10-3 = 0.75 kN/m2 (loaded)
Lateral Wind
Force on unloaded deck
1.0
2.441
1.44
9.5
b/d2 = 9.50 = 3.89 Hence CD = 1.35
2.44
PT = qA1CD = 1.14 x 2.44 x 1.35 = 3.76 kN/m
Force on loaded deck

dL = 2.5
d3 = 3.64
0.89
CD = 1.35
PT = qA1CD = 0.75 x 3.6 x 1.4 = 3.69 kN/m
Member/Location
Longitudinal Wind - Unloaded
PLS = 0.25qA1CD (on superstructure)
= 0.25 x 1.14 x 1.44 x 1.35 = 0.55 kN/m
PL = 0.6 Pt (on mesh parapets)

= 0.6 x 1.14 x ( 1.0 x 2 ) x 1.35 = 1.85 kN/m
2.40 kN/m
Longitudinal Wind - Loaded

PLS = 0.25 x 0.75 x 1.44 x 1.35 = 0.37 kN/m
PL = 0.8 x 0.75 x ( 1.0 x 2 ) x 1.35 = 1.62 kN/m
b/d = 9.5 = 2.61 on live load, CD = 1.4

3.64
PLL = 0.5qA1CD
= 0.5 x 0.75 x 2.5 x 1.4 = 1.31 kN/m
3.30 kN/m
Maximum total load = 3.30 x 12 = 37.97 kN

Shrinkage Modified by Creep

2350
Shrinkage strain, ecs = -2.0E-04
Creep reduction factor, yc = 0.4 250
modular ratio, ae = 205
725.6
x 1 = 17.08 891
30 0.4
Shrinkage A(mm2) y(mm) Ay(103mm3) Ay2(106mm4) I(106mm4)

Slab 138 x 250 34390.24 1016 34940.49 35499.54 179.12
Beam 32,492 418.24 13589.38 5683.59 3385.41
S 66,882 48529.87 41183.13 3564.52
I= 41183.13 + 3,565 - 48529.87 2 = 79961.0021 x106
66,882
Yn.a = 4.853E+07 = ### mm
66,882
Abutment section:
3
Restrained stress = -2.0E-04 x 0.4 x 30 x 10 = -2.40 N/mm2
-3
force = 2.40 x(250x2350+302x23x10 = 1426.67 N/mm2
moment = 2.4x10^-6 x(250x2350x(1016-725.6)+302x23x(891-725.6))
= 412.22 kN.m
Primary stress when the axial force and moment are released (-ve = tension)
Top of concrete = -2.40 + 1426670.4 + 4.122E+08 x(1141-725.6) = -1.03 N/mm2
66882x17.08 7.9961E+10 x 17.08
Bottom of concrete = -2.40 + 1426670.4 + 4.122E+08 x(891-725.6) = -1.10 N/mm2
66882x17.08 7.9961E+10 x 17.08
Top of steel beam = 22.18 N/mm2

Bottom of steel
beam = 1426670.4 - 412.22 x 725.6 = 17.59 N/mm2
66,882 79961.00
4 3
2
BS 5400: Part 5: 1979 Job No. Sheet No. Rev.
Code of Practise for Design of Composite Bridge Member/Location
MOMENT CHECK
Section properties for inner beam
2350
beq
250
( d 891
3
H )(
1 y y
()
2
)
Modulus ratios:
Short term, E= 205 = 6.83

30
Long term, E= 205 = 13.67
15
Equivalent slab width, b eq:
Short= 2350 = 343.90 mm

6.83
Long= 2350 = 171.95 mm
13.67
Section classification
Web: Compact if depth of neutral axis from compression end of web
28 . t 355
>/ w
sy
Depth = 868 - 418.2 = 449.76 mm

Limit= 28 x 14 x 355 445.38 mm
=
sy
Since depth of n.a. from compression end of web greater than 445.38 mm
non-compact
Composite
Short term A(mm2) y(mm) Ay(103mm3) Ay2(106mm4) I(106mm4)
Slab 344x250 85975.61 1016.00 87351.22 88748.84 447.790
Beam 32,492 418.24 13589.379 5683.59 3385.4085
S 118467.61 100940.60 94432.43 3833.198
I= 94432.43 + 3833.198 - 100940.60 2

= 12258.96 x 106 mm4
118467.61
I= 12.259 x 109 mm4
Yn.a.= 100,940,599 = 852.05 mm
118,467.61
Long Term A(mm2) y(mm) Ay(103mm3) Ay2(106mm4) I(106mm4)

Slab 172x250 42987.80 1016.00 43675.61 44374.42 223.89
Beam 32,492 418.24 13589.379 5683.59 3385.41
S 75479.80 57264.99 50058.01 3609.303
I= 50058.01 + 3609.303 - 57264.992 = 10221.53 x 106 mm4

75479.80
I= 10.222 x 109 mm4
Yn.a.= 5.726E+07 = 758.68 mm
75,479.80
Section Moduli
Steel Only:
( Zt = 3.39E+09 = 7.16E+06 mm3
3 473
H )(
1 418 Zb = 3.39E+09 = 8.09E+06 mm3
()
2 418
)
Composite Short
Z(top of slab) = 1.226E+10 = 4.243E+07 mm3
288.95
(
Z(u/s of slab) = 1.226E+10 = 3.148E+08 mm3
3
d
1141 852.05 38.95
H )(
1 Z(beam bot.) = 1.226E+10 = 1.439E+07 mm3
()
2 852.05
)
Composite Long
Z(top of slab) = 1.022E+10 = 2.674E+07 mm3
382.32
Z(u/s of slab) = 1.226E+10 = 9.265E+07 mm3
1141 758.68 132.32
Z(beam bot.) = 1.226E+10 = 1.616E+07 mm3
758.68
Limiting Stresses
Top compression flange is continously restrained by the concrete deck slab:

Allowable compression & tension in steel beam:
sy = 238 N/mm2
gm.gf3
Allowable concrete stress:

0.5fcu = 18.18 N/mm2
gf3
Global analysis of Bending Moment
Load Case Reaction(kN) Shears(kN) Moments(kN.m)

Steel 14.70 14.70 42.20
Wet Concrete 104.00 104.00 298.00
Premix 35.76 35.76 102.60
Parapet 0.00 0.00 0.00
HA+HB 677.54 677.54 2139.20
Footway 0.00 0.00 0.00
832.00 832.00 2582.00
Max. moment = 2582.00 kN.m

Steel Beam + Concrete
Top flange stresses= 3.40E+08 = 47.51 N/mm2
7.16E+06
Bottom flange stress = 3.40E+08 = 42.03 N/mm2

8.09E+06
Super Dead Load (Long Term)

Stress in top of slab (concrete unit)
= 1.03E+08 = 0.28 N/mm2
2.67E+07 13.67
Stress in top of beam (steel unit)
= 1.03E+08 = 1.11 N/mm2
9.265E+07
Stress in bottom of slab (concrete unit)
= 1.11 = 0.08 N/mm2
13.67
Stress in bottom of beam (steel unit)
= 1.03E+08 = 6.35 N/mm2
1.616E+07
Live Load (Short term)

Stress in top of slab (concrete units)
= 2.14E+09 = 7.38 N/mm2
4.243E+07 6.83
Stress in top of beam (steel units)
= 2.14E+09 = 6.80 N/mm2
3.148E+08
Stress in bottom of slab (concrete units)
= 6.80 = 0.99 N/mm2
6.83
Stress in bottom of beam (steel units)
= 2.14E+09 = 148.68 N/mm2
1.439E+07
0.28 7.38 7.66 <18.18
0.08 0.99 1.08 <18.18
+ + +
47.51 1.11 6.80 55.41 <238
+ + +
+ + + =
42.03 6.35 148.68 - - 197.06 <238

- -
Beam + Concrete Long Term Short Term Final Stresses
Plate girder O.K. in longitudinal bending

Deflections(Preliminary)
Live load deflections:
DLL= PL3 = 11.80 mm
48EI
Dead load deflections:

DDL= 5wL4 = 1.31 mm
384EI
Super dead load deflections:

DSDL= 5wL4 = 0.00 mm
384EI
Allowable deflection not exceed 1/800th of the span:
DALL= 11500 = 14.375 mm
800
Member/Location
1) Combined bending and shear
Check moment resistance:
l F = l e tf
ry D
= 11500 23
322.79 891
= 0.92
for equal flanges, i = 0.5

shape factor, v = 0.9688
lLT = le k4nv
ry
= 31.06
lLTÖsyc/355 = 27.34
sli/slc = 1.0 (Fig. 10)
limiting stress, sli = 275 N/mm2
Moment resistance, MD = Zpeslc

gmgf3
= 1686 kNm
Limiting force in the flange, Ff = sfAfe = 1910.15 kN
MR = Ffdf
gmgf3
= 1222.785 kNm < 1686.3 kNm ==>> OK!
2) Combined bending and axial load
Yielding of beam:
P = 8.320E+05
Ae 32,492
= 25.61 N/mm2
Mx = 2.582E+09
Zx 8.094E+06
= 319.0 N/mm2
Combined stress:
sy = 208.333 N/mm2
gmgf3
P + Mx = 344.6 N/mm2
Ae Zx
Member/Location
> 208.33 kNm NOT OK!!!
Member/Location
3) Buckling of beam
r = 322.79 = 0.77
y 418.24
l = ls Ö(syw /355)
r
= 10121.62
322.79
= 31.36
sc = 0.8 (fig. 37 Curve B)

sy
Ultimate compressive stress, sc = 220.00 N/mm2
Axial resistance, PD = Aesc

gmgf3
= 5415.33 kN
I) Ratio to axial resistance

Pmax = 832.00 = 0.15364
PD 5415.33
II) Ratio to moment resistance

Mx max = 2582.0 = 1.53112
MDX 1686.35
Total combined bending and axial:

Pmax + Mx max = 1.68 > 1 ==>> NOT OK!!!
PD MDX
Member/Location
STIFFENED WEB SHEAR RESISTANCE AT U.L.S.
1) Check shear resistance
Overall beam length = 11.50 m
f= a { Ref: BS5400; Part 3 Clause 9.9.2.2
dwe
end support stif.
Spacing, a = 2500 mm
f= 2500 = 2.96
845.00
l = dwe syw
1/2
tw 355
= 53.12
ty = 275 = 91.67 N/mm2
3
For mfw = 0 ; tl 1 l= 53.12 { Ref: BS5400; Part 3 Figure 11

=
ty f= 2.96
tl = 1x91.67 = 91.67 N/mm2
VD = tw(dw - hh)tl 939 kN > 832 kN OK!

=
gmgf3
2) Check web stifener
tw = 14
16tw = 224
tp = 13
16tw = 224 100

2500
Plan on stifener
Elevation of intermediate stifener
Assuming 2 No. 100 x 13 plates each side of web

sys = 265 N/mm2
16tw = 224 mm
Ae = 8872 mm
Ixx = 1.1E+07 mm4
rxx = 34.59 mm
Member/Location
Loads efects to be considered:-

(a) Due to tension field action:
Max. shear at end, moment =0, s1=0

to = 3.6E[1 + (b/a)2](tw/b)2 1- s1/2.9E(b/tw)2
= 225.7 N/mm2
average shear streess in web, t = 8.32E+05 = 70.33 N/mm2 < 225.72
11830
No force from tension field action in stifener [Cl. 9.13.6]
(b) axial force from destabilizing field action in stifener.
sR < Aseamax sls

Kstwls2gmgf3
in which, sr = tr = 70.33 N/mm2
Ase = 8872 mm2
amax = 2500 mm
ls = 845 mm (tranverse stifener)
sls is buckling stress on stifener:

l = ls Ö(syw /355) = 730.072 = 21.10
rse 34.59
From fig. 23, sls/sys = 1
sls = 265 N/mm2
From fig. 23, Ks = 0.01
R.H.S. = 59672.54 N/mm2 > 70.33 N/mm2
stiffeners 100x13 OK!

TITLE PERS. BERTINGKAT DI JLN SULTAN AMINAH, JOHOR BHARU Cal. By. SAN Date 4/10/2018 Chd.
DESIGN OF SHEAR CONNECTORS
No. of rows = 3
Dia. of headed studs = 19 mm
Overall ht. = 100 mm {Part 5 Table 7
Nominal strength/stud, Pu = 109 kN
Design strength/Pu = 0.55x3x109
Shear Studs = 179.85 kN
Shear connectors need not to be considered at U.L.S, since the section is not compact,
nor is there uplift {Cl. 5/6.3.4
S.L.S shear force
Steel Beam - long term: Vmax= 13.36 kN

( Vfl = )
1.0
Concrete - long term: Vmax= 94.55 kN
( Vfl = 1.0 )
Super Dead - long term: Vmax= 24.52 kN
( Vfl = 1.2 )
Total Vmax (long term) = 132.43 kN
Live Load - short term: Vmax= 625.42 kN
( Vfl = 1.2 )
Considering uncraked sections, and conservatively ignoring shear lag:-

(long term) Ay = 42987.80( 1016-758.68 ) = ### mm-1
I 1.02E+10
( )
(short term) Ay = 85975.61 1016-852.05 = ### mm-1
I 1.23E+10
Shear flow = 862.43 N/mm
Try pairs of struds at 225 mm crs.

Shear per group = 62.43x225/1000 = 194.047 kN NOT OK!!!
(>179.85kN)
NOT OK!!!
Bearing Stiffeners at Support
100
145 x 12
891
23
400 x 300 x 23
Section properties for buckling
Stifener spacing = 200 = 200 tw = 15 tw
14 <25tw so consider as one
tw = 15 mm
Total length of web plate acting with stifeners
= 200 + 2 x 16 x 14 = 648 mm
Ase = 648 x 14 + 4 x 145 x 15 = 17772 mm2
Yxx= 152 mm
Ixx = 4 x 145 x 15 x ( 145^2/12 + 78.5^2 ) = 6.89E+07 mm4
Zxx = 6.89E+07 = 4.53E+05 mm3
152
1/2
rxx = 6.89E+07 = 62.24 mm
17772
Iyy = 648^3 x 14/12 + 145 x 2 x 12 x 2 x 100 ^2 = 3.87E+08 mm4

Zyy= 3.87E+08 = 1.19E+06 mm3
324
ryy= 3.87E+08 1/2
= 147.57539 mm
17772
l= 891 = 14.31
62.24

perunding zar sdn bhd
Section properties at base of stifeners
Length of web plate= 200 + 2 x (23 + 23) x 3^0.5 = 359.35 mm
Ase = 359.35 x 14 + 4 x 145 x 15 = 13730.88144 mm2
Ixx = 6.89E+07 mm4
Zxx = 4.53E+05 mm3
Iyy = 359.35^3 x 14/12 + 145 x 12 x 4 x100^2 = 1.24E+08 mm4
Zyy = 1.24E+08 = 6.89E+05 mm3
179.67
Combination 1: Excluding Wind

Loads efect to be considered
Total Design Reaction
Load efect Reaction gfl Design Reaction

Steel 14.00 1.05 14.70
Concrete 90.43 1.15 104.00
Super dead load 20.43429 1.75 35.76
HB + HA 521.1846 1.3 677.54
Footway 0.00 1.5 0.00
832.00 kN
Axial force representing destabilizing influence of the web

Fw1 = Ls2 . tw . ks . sR
amax
l= 14.31 , ks = 0.04
sR = (1 + SAs/lstw)(s1 + sb/6)
0
Overall stress gradient 55.41 + 197.06 = 0.2834 N/mm2/mm
891
s1 = 55.41 - 0.28 x 422.5 = -64.308 N/mm2
sb = 55.41 - 0.28 x 23 -64.31
= -15.413511 N/mm
2
sR = (1+0) x (-64.31 + -15.41/6) = -66.876919 N/mm2
Fw1 = 891^2 x 14 x 0.04 x -0.07 = -11.892679 kN

2500
Eccentricities
Distance from expansion joint = 150 mm
Minimum shade temperature = 22 oC
Maximum shade temperature = 35 oC
For type III structure ,efective bridge
C to 37 C, I.e. =
o o
temperature range = 22 15 oC
Assume a nominal range of movement of +2/3 to -1/3
coefecient of expansion = 1.20E-05 /oC
Potential eccentricity = 23.40 mm
This must be accomodared by bolting bearing to bridge girder
Uneven seating efects are taken as 10 mm in both directions
Forces arising from restaining action of cross-bracing
FR is the greater of F1 & F2

F1 = alt EDtfmax Rv sfc
87.5 w(sci-sfc)
le = 4000
ry = 430.91
le/ry = 9.28 o
o
o
aLT = 0.006
Rv/w = 0.6 (conservative)
sci = P ES
2
= 33027.96 N/mm
2
l2LT
Yt = 383.55 mm
S = D/2Yt = 1,079 = 1.41
767.10
sfc = 197.06 N/mm2
F1 = 1.26 kN
F2 is 2.5% of maximum force in compression flange

= 34.22 kN
Hence
FR = 34.22 kN
2350
150
891
Force in stifener from FR =FR tan q
FRV = 10.79 kN
SUMMARY OF LOAD EFFECTS
Load Component Magnitude Ecc. For Ecc. For Cont. to
My Mx yielding
Reaction 832.00 10 10 Yes
Fw1 -11.89 - - No
FRV 10.79 - - No
830.90
Yielding of web plate

1/2
se = (sa + ksb)2 + ses22-ses2(sa-ksb) + 3tR2
Critical section is at base of stifener

sa = -64.31 N/mm2
sb = -15.41 N/mm2
ses2 = 72.67 N/mm2
tR = 70.33 N/mm2
k= 0.77
se = 177.37 N/mm2 < 238 N/mm2
Yielding of Stifener
Critical section is at base of stifener
Axial stress = 60.59334
Mx bending st. = 18.37
My bending st. = 10.89
89.85291 N/mm2 < ### N/mm2

Buckling of efective stifener section
P Mxs Mys My 1
+ + + =
ASE sls Zx sy Zy sy Zcy sy gm gf3
for l = 14.31 ; sls = 1 sys
= 265 N/mm2
L.H.S = 8.31E+05 8.3E+04 8.32E+06
+ +
3.64E+06 1.2E+08 1.82E+08
= 0.2284 + 0.0007 + 0.0456
= 0.2746
R.H.S = 1 = 0.7576 OK!
1.32
TITLE PERSIMPANGAN BERTINGKAT DI JLN SULTAN AMINAH, JOHOR BHARU Cal. By. Date 4/10/2018 Chd.
Deck Slab (U.L.S)

Strength of reinforcement = 0.87x410/1 = 324.27 N/mm2
fcu = 40 N/mm2 Hogging Sagging
(kN.m/m) (kN.m/m)
Load comb. I 22.12 22.12
180 Load comb. II 40.21 39.75
cover 35
o
o o Critical tranverse
Y 12 @ 200 Transverse moment = 40.21 (kN.m/m)
Asmin = 228.78 mm2 Y 16 @ 200
Asprov. = 565.49 mm 2 o
o o OK!
Note:
At the U.L.S. , the resistance of a deck slab to global loads (I.e. the compression in the composite slab
at midspan) and local loads combined is deemed to be satisfactory if each of these loads is considered
seperately. Also, no need to combined local wheel load efects with the global efects.
Now, Mu is the lesser of:-

364 x 2 x (Area of reinf.)
or 0.15 fcu bd2/vf3 - (neglecting compression steel)
For sagging moment, d= 180-35-8 = 137 mm

Mu = 4.02E+07 = 0.05 : z/d = 0.94
fcubd2 40E+3 x 1372
z = 128.295 mm
As = 1005.31 mm2/m
o
o o Mu(steel) = 324.27x128.29x100 = 41.8234 kN.m/m
10 6
Mu(conc.) = 0.15 x 40000x137^ = 102.376 kN.m/m

1.1 x 10 6
o
o o Mu = 41.823 kN.m/m > 40.2066 kN.m/m OK!
Asmin0.1738b
= a
d/100 = 238.11 mm2/m
As provided = ### mm2/m o

o o OK!
Check crack width
Design Moment, M = 22.1 kN.m/m m = 13.7 h= 180 mm
b = 1000 mm F= 16 mm Es = 205 kN/mm2
c= 35 mm bs = 200 mm fy = 410 N/mm2
dc = 43 mm Asc = 1005 mm2
dt = 43 mm Ast = 1005 mm2
Let neutral axis be at depth x

Taking moment of area about N.A. :-
0.5*b*x² + m*Asc*(x-dc) = m*Ast*(h-x-dt)
Rearange the eq. :
0.5*b*x² + m*Asc*x - m*Asc*dc = m*Ast*(h-dt) - m*Ast*x

( 500 ) x² + ( 27478.46 ) x + ( -2473062 ) = 0
Solving quadratic eq. :
x = -102.98
or = 48.03
y = (h-x-dt) = 88.97 mm
Second moment of area about N.A. :-
I = b*x3/3 + m*Asc*(x-dc)² + m*Ast*(h-x-dt)²
= 1.46E+08 mm4
Bottom steel (tension) stress,
s = m*M*y/I
= 184.2 N/mm²
Ignore tension stifening, soffit strain :-
e1 = s / Es * (h - x) / y
= 0.0013329
Allowing for tension stifening, soffit strain :-
em = e1 - 1.2*b*h /(Ast*fy*1000)
= 0.0008089
Max. crack width occurs mid-way between bars where the

distance, acr, to the nearest bar is given by :-
acr = Ö[(bs/2)²+(dt)²] - Ft /2
= 101 mm
CRACK WIDTH , w IS GIVEN BY THE EXPRESSION :-
3*acr*em
w =
1+2*(acr - c)/(h-x)
= 0.12 mm < 0.25 mm OK !!

234

Загружено:

Сведения о документе

Авторское право

Доступные форматы

Поделиться этим документом

Поделиться или встроить документ

Параметры публикации

Этот документ был вам полезен?

Это неприемлемый материал?

Авторское право:

Доступные форматы

234

Загружено:

Авторское право:

Доступные форматы

perunding zar sdn bhd Job No. Sheet No. Rev.

(Civil & Structural Consulting Engineers) Member/Location

CALCULATION SHEET Drg. Ref.

TITLE Cal. By. Date 4/10/2018 Chd.

Capacity of HSFG bolts:

I-Beam size, B= 302 mm tf= 23 mm

Min. edge distance(1.5f) = 45 mm

CALCULATION SHEET Drg. Ref.

TITLE Cal. By. Date 4/10/2018 Chd.

Average stress on girder due to axial load = 9.40 N/mm2

Friction capacity per bolt:

Ultimate bolt capacity = 123.96 kN

CALCULATION SHEET Drg. Ref.

Capacity of HSFG bolts:

Min. edge distance(1.5f) = 45 mm

Horizontal Shear Force on bolt due to moment = 67.503566 kN

Horizontal shear force on bolt due to moment

CALCULATION SHEET Drg. Ref.

TITLE Cal. By. Date 4/10/2018 Chd.

Friction capacity per bolt:

Ultimate bolt capacity = 238.33333 kN

CALCULATION SHEET Drg. Ref.

Loading Dead Load Steel Work 78.5 kN/m3

Settlement 10mm at any support

Live Load HA ( 2 notional lane) width of notional lane = 3.0 m

Temperature Temperature difference = -20 o

Ecs = 30 kN/mm2 EcL = 15 kN/mm2

Total Width of Bridge = 9.5 m

Member 1 is Perwaja H 600 x 300 Section

b Section Properties of member 1

Shear Area, As (1) = 7,672 mm2

Cut I-beam Properties

Built-Up Main Member Properties

Calculate Approximate Design Bending Moment @ Pier

Steel 2.551 kN/m x 11.5 x 1/8 x 1.05 = 44.3 kNm

Use the greater of HA & HB Loading

HA Loaded Length = 11.5 m

HA Moment = wL2 / 10 (approx) = 76.9 x L2 / 10 = 1,016.5 kNm

Determine HB BM by static method :- 112.5kN 112.5kN 112.5kN 112.5kN

Ult B.Moment due to HB= w L / 8 x 1.3

Design Moment at Pier

Ult B.M due to Dead Load = 69.1 kNm

Required Plastic Modulus

Min. Required Plastic Modulus = 1,518 1,000,000 = 4.183E+06 mm3

Equivalent width of slab (short term modulus)

Second Moment of Area of Composite section

y = S Ay = 1.009E+08 = 852.1 mm ( Below Slab )

Ixx(composite) = 8.426E+09 + 3.833E+09 = 1.226E+10 (mm4)

Job No. Sheet No. Rev.

CALCULATION SHEET Drg. Ref.

TITLE Cal. By. Date 4/10/2018 Chd.

Ixx(composite) = 1.65E+09 + 3.39E+09 = 5.04E+09 (mm4)

{ Ref: BS5400; Part 5 Clause 6.2.2.1 ]

Height of Web in compression 28 . t 355

Height of Web in compression = 502.3 - ( 23.0 + 13 ) = 33.3 mm > 31.8130905

Since Height of Web in compression Greater Than 31.8130905 Slender Section

### ### ### ###

Summing of moments about point A:

633.35 + 1098.67 + 2649.734 - RB x ### = 0

So, RA = 1034.04 - 381.02 = 653.02 kN

Now compute the maximum live load moment:

MLL = MMAX = RA x ### - 465.32 = 2310.02 kNm

Distribution factor: Impact Factor:

Apply the impact and wheel load distribution factors: