MATA KULIAH : TEORI BILANGAN

DOSEN PENGAMPU: ZULFAHMI INDRA, S.Si, MCS

CRITICAL BOOK REPORT

OLEH:

NAMA : ADI PUTRA NUGRAHA BARUS

NIM : 4163111004

KELAS : REGULER C 2016

PRODI : PENDIDIKAN MATEMATIKA

FAKULTAS MATEMATIKA DAN ILMU PENGETAHUAN ALAM

UNIVERSITAS NEGERI MEDAN

MEDAN

2017

KATA PENGANTAR

Puji dan syukur penulis ucapkan kepada Tuhan Yang Maha Esa, karena atas
berkat dan RahmatNya sehingga penulis dapat menyelesaikan tugas Critical Book
Report mata kuliah Teori Bilangan. Penulis berterima kasih kepada Bapak/Ibu dosen
yang bersangkutan yang sudah memberikan bimbingannya.
Penulis juga menyadari bahwa tugas ini masih banyak kekurangan oleh
karena itu penulis minta maaf jika ada kesalahan dalam penulisan dan penulis juga
mengharapkan kritik dan saran yang membangun guna kesempurnaan tugas ini.

Akhir kata penulis ucapkan terima kasih semoga dapat bermanfaat dan bisa
menambah pengetahuan bagi pembaca.

Medan, April 2017

Penulis

DAFTAR ISI
KATA PENGANTAR................................................................................1
DAFTAR ISI..... . ..................2
BAB I : PENDAHULUAN
1.1 Latar Belakang 3
1.2 Rumusan Masalah .................................................................. 3
1.3 Tujuan.................... 3
BAB II : ISI BUKU
2.1 Identitas Buku . 4
2.2 Ringkasan Buku . 4
BAB III : PEMBAHASAN 7
BAB IV : PENUTUP
3.1 Kesimpulan . 8
3.2 Saran ........................................................................................8

DAFTAR PUSTAKA 9

BAB I
PENDAHULUAN
LATAR BELAKANG
Menurut KBBI, kritik adalah kecaman atau tanggapan, kadang-kadang disertai
uraian dan pertimbangan baik buruk terhadap suatu hasil karya, pendapat, dan
sebagainya. Mengkritik buku merupakan salah satu tugas mahasasiswa/i di
perguruan tinggi. Tujuan mengkritik ini bukan untuk mencari kesalahan suatu
buku. Namun, dari mengkritik buku ini mahasiswa dapat memahami suatu materi
dari isi buku dan diharapkan mahasiswa di masa mendatang dapat menulis sebuah
buku.

RUMUSAN MASALAH
Bagaimana penjelasan tentang keterbagian pada buku The Whole Truth About
 Whole Numbers An Elementary Introduction To Number Theory ?

Apa kelebihan buku The Whole Truth About Whole Numbers An Elementary
Introduction To Number Theory ?

Apa kekuragan buku The Whole Truth About Whole Numbers An Elementary
Introduction To Number Theory ?

TUJUAN
Mengetahui penjelasan tentang keterbagian pada buku The Whole Truth About
Whole Numbers An Elementary Introduction To Number Theory ?

Mengetahui kelebihan buku The Whole Truth About Whole Numbers An

Elementary Introduction To Number Theory ?

Mengetahui kekuragan buku The Whole Truth About Whole Numbers An

Elementary Introduction To Number Theory ?

BAB II
ISI BUKU
2.1. IDENTITAS BUKU
JUDUL : The Whole Truth About Whole Numbers An Elementary
Introduction To Number Theory
PENULIS : Sylvia Forman dan Agnes M. Rash
TAHUN TERBIT : 2015
PENERBIT : Springer Cham Helderberg New York Dordrecht London
 TEMPAT TERBIT : New York
JUMLAH HALAMAN : 227 halaman
2.2. RINGKASAN BUKU
2.1 Prime Numbers
What are prime numbers ?

While prime numbers were introduced in chap 2, this chapter will

provide a more in – depth study of primes. Let us begin by reviewing the
definition.
Definition 4.1 : Prime
An integer p > 1 is prime if and only if the only positive divisors of p are 1 and p.

An

An integer greater than 1, which is not prime, is called composite. The term
composite can olso be defined directly, as opposed to not being prime.
Definition 4.2 : composite
An integer m > 1 composite if and only if m = a . b where both 1 < a < m and 1 < b < m.

Since the definitions of prime and composite both specify an integer greater
than 1, the integer 1 is neither prime nor composite.
To develop this test, we must first confirm that every integer greater than 1
actually has a prime divisor. This fact is stated in the following lemma.
Lemma 4.1
Every integer greater than 1 has at least one prime divisor.

Theorema 4.1
If n is a composite number, then n must have a prime divisor p such that p .
 Equal to the square root of the number is a divisor. If none of these are
divisors, then the number is prime. This leads to the following statement.
Primality Test if an integer n > 1 has no prime divisor p such that p then n is prime.

The fundamental theorem of arithmetic

The even integer

Proving the fundamental theorem of arithmetic

The search for times

2.2 The Euclidean Algorithm

The division algorithm

Let d be a positive integer. Then for any integer c, c = qd+r where qϵZ
and . In this equation, q is called the quotient, d is called divisor, r is called
the reminder, and c is called the dividend.

The euclidean algorithm

Let a and b be two positive integers, with b the bigger of the two
integers. To find the greates common divisor of a dan b, apply the division
algorithm repeatedly as shown. The last nonzero remainder, rn, is the
greates common divisor of a and b
 Then, ged(a,b) = rn

Theorem 5.1

If a and b are integers and r is the remainder when b is divided by a,

then any common divisor of a and b will also divide r.

Corollary 5.1

if a and b are integers, and r is the remainder when b is divided by a.

the ged (a,b) = ged (a,r).

Theorem 5.2

If a is a possitive integer and a|b, then ged(a,b)=a

Solving linier equations in two variables and the Equilidean Algorithm

backwards

Theorem 5.3 Euclid’s Lemma

If p is prime and p|ab, then p|a or p|b

More about more solutions to ax + by = gcd (a,b)

Theorem 5.4

Let ax+by = ged(a,b). If x = x0,y = y0 is one solution to equation, then

X = xo + bn, y = y0 – an

Is also a solution, for any integer n.

Theorem 5.5

Suppose that x = x0, y = y0 is a solution of the equation ax + by = ged(a,b).

Then, if d = ged(a,b), all solutions have the form

 Where n is an integer.

What if ax + by ≠ gcd (a,b) ?

Theorem 5.6

Let d = ged(a,b). if dc, then there is no integer solution to ax + by = c

Theorem 5.7

Consider the equation ax + by = c. let d = ged(a,b). if d|c, then this equation

has at least one integer solution. If (x0,y0) is a solution to ax + by =
ged(a,b) and c = dk, then a solution is given by x = kx0, y = ky0.

Theorem 5.8. when ax + bc = c has integer solutions

Let d = ged(a,b)

If d|c, then ax + by = c will have at least one integer solution.

If d⍭c, then ax + by = c has no integer solutions

Theorem 5.9

Let ax + by = c, where d = ged(a,b) and d|c. then if x = x0, y = y0 is one

solution of the equation, all solutions have form

Where n is an integer.

(optional) return to primitive phytagorean triples

Formulas for primitive Phytagorean triples

Choose integers s and t using the following rules:

s and t are odd

ged(s,t) = 1 (in other words, s and t are relatively prime).

Then,if

a – b – c is a primitive Phytagorean triple.

Theorem 3.4

If s and t are odd positive integers such that ged(s,t) = 1, s > t, and a = st.
then a-b-c is a primitive Pyhtagrean triple.

Lemma 3.1

If a-b-c is primitive Pyhtagrean triple, then the greatest common divisor of

any two sides is 1.

Lemma 3.5

If a-b-c is primitive Pyhtagrean triple, then (c+b) and (c-b) are relatively
prime.

Lemma 3.6

If a-b-c is a primitive Pyhtagrean triple, then (c+b) and (c-d) are both
perfect squares.

Theorem 3.6

If a-b-c is a PPT, then there exist integers with s and t odd and ged(s,t) =
such that a = st,

Theorem 3.7

The triple of integers a,b,c forms a PPT if and only if a = st, where s and t
are odd integers such that and ged(s,t) = 1.
 BAB III
PEMBAHASAN
KELEBIHAN BUKU
Banyak menjelaskan teorema walaupun tidak semua, sehingga dapat memudahkan
pembaca memahami materi.

Banyak contoh soal sehingga pembaca dapat mempelajari contoh soal dulu
sebelum mengerjakan soalnya.

Banyak soal-soal latihan yang terletak di tiap subbab dan di akhir bab, sehingga
pembaca dapat langsung berlatih sesudah mempelajari materi dan contoh
soalnya.

Materi dijelaskan dengan kata yang simpel, sehingga lebih mudah dipahami.

Penulisan pada buku ini cukup jelas.

KELEMAHAN BUKU
Buku ini tidak tersedia dalam Bahasa Indonesia, sehingga pembaca yang kurang
Bahasa Inggrisnya seperti saya aga susah memahaminya.

Ada beberapa subbab yang tidak dijelaskan di isi buku, padahal subbab tersebut
ada pada daftar isi.

Ada beberapa teorema yang tidak dijelaskan.

Buku ini tidak memili sumber referensi atau daftar pustaka.

BAB IV
 PENUTUP
KESIMPULAN
SARAN

DAFTAR PUSTAKA