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TUBE-END
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WIDTH MEASUREMENT
WIDTH MEASUREMENT USING LASER TRIANGULATION
Width may also be measured using two laser triangulation sensors.
The subtraction method allows the object to have different widths or to
be at different positions between the sensors without influence on the
measuring result.
THICKNESS MEASUREMENT
TRIANGULATION
SENSOR: ANTARIS BAND
STRIP THICKNESS MEASUREMENT USING
Distance
Sensor LASER TRIANGULATION
Camera
The simplest method for non-contact thickness measure-
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ment is laser triangulation. Depending on site and envi- WIDTH MEASUREMENT USING BACK-
D A
ronmental conditions, you may use two opposing sensors LIGHT AND CAMERA
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in an O-frame or a C-frame. The sensors are protected PRINCIPLE: A LONG LIGHT SOURCE EMITS A BAND OF LIGHT WHICH IS DETECTED
BY A CAMERA. ANY OBJECT CROSSING THE LIGHT CAUSES A SHADOW WHICH
Distance against humidity, dirt and temperature by housings or IS RECORDED BY THE CAMERA. FOR A FIXED DISTANCE, THE WIDTH CAN BE
Sensor
frames with air purging. CALCULATED IN RELATION TO CALIBRATION VALUES.
TRIANGULATION SENSORS:
ATLAS, POLARIS, ANTARIS, CALIX WIDTH MEASUREMENT USING LIGHT-SECTION
Light-section sensors can do a lot more than only measuring
LENGTH MEASUREMENT width. Because of this, they are normally used, when more
dimensional values need to be collected.
LENGTH MEASUREMENT USING LASER DOPPLER Camera View PRINCIPLE: A CAMERA DETECTS A LASER LINE EMITTED BY THE
SENSOR. THE LASER LINE PLANE IS PERPENDICULAR TO THE
Laser Doppler sensors can measure the length even of hot surfaces without contact. TRANSPORT DIRECTION OF THE OBJECTS TO BE MEASURED.
IF AN OBJECT CROSSES THE PLANE, THE LASER LINE FOLLOWS
They may also be protected by an adequate housing including air purge. ITS SURFACE CONTOUR. THUS, THE CAMERA RECORDS THE
EDGES AND THE SURFACE PROFILE.
PRINCIPLE: A LASER SPOT IS PROJECTED ON THE MOVING SURFACE. DEPENDING ON
REFLECTION IN OR AGAINST MOVEMENT DIRECTION, THE REFLECTED BEAM HAS A DIFFERENT
PHASING. USING THIS PHASING DIFFERENCE, THE SPEED, AND BY A CERTAIN PERIOD THE
LENGTH, CAN BE CALCULATED.
LASER DOPPLER
SENSOR LIGHT-SECTION SENSORS:
OPTARIS M
MEASURING THE OUTER DIAMETER OF
Camera TUBES USING BACKLIGHT AND CAMERA
PRINCIPLE: A LONG LIGHT SOURCE EMITS A BAND OF LIGHT WHICH
IS DETECTED BY A CAMERA. ANY TUBE CROSSING THE LIGHT CAUSES
A SHADOW WHICH IS RECORDED BY THE CAMERA. FOR A FIXED
DISTANCE, THE DIAMETER CAN BE CALCULATED IN RELATION TO
CALIBRATION VALUES. USING TWO PERPENDICULAR SYSTEMS, THE
PARALLAX ERROR CAN BE COMPENSATED AUTOMATICALLY AND THE
OVALITY CAN BE CALCULATED.
OUTER DIAMETER
Backlight
MEASURING THE OUTER DIAMETER OF TUBES
USING LASER-SCAN MICROMETERS
Laser-scan-micrometer consist of emitter and receiver. LAP
METIS sensors use a light plane generated by a laser beam,
which is deflected by a rotating prism and directed by a lens. MEASURING THE OUTER DIAMETER OF TUBES
In the receiver, the laser is focused on a diode. For each pass, USING LIGHT-SECTION
the laser needs a fixed time interval. If there is an object in the
Light-section sensors can do a lot more than only meas-
laser plane, the receiver is shadowed for a certain amount of
Sender Sender Sender
MULTI-AXES – RDMS:
ONE MICROMETER CAN MEASURE ONE
AXIS OF AN OBJECT, E.G. THE DIAMETER.
LASER-SCAN-MICROMETER:
TO GET THE OVALITY OR FURTHER
METIS EMITTER AND RECEIVER
DIMENSIONAL VALUES, SEVERAL
MEASURING AXES ARE NECESSARY. THESE
MULTI-AXES SYSTEMS IN ROUND STEEL
HOUSINGS FORM LAP RDMS SERIES. Camera View
Emitter
Receiver Receiver
Receiver
OUTER CONTOUR
MEASURING THE OUTER CONTOUR OF MEASURING THE OUTER CONTOUR OF TUBES USING
TUBES USING LIGHT-SECTION SCANNING TRIANGULATION
At contour measurement, light-section sensors can show their full The setup for laser-triangulation-scanner is similar to the setting for
performance. The complete surface of a tube can be recorded and light section sensors.
measured. Depending on constellation, besides diameter, ovality and While the latter use a permanent laser line, triangulation-scanner
Camera View
contour also welding seams and surface faults can be detected. generate a laser point, which oscillates perpendicular to the tube.
Thus, not the whole surface is covered, but – depending on transport
PRINCIPLE: A CAMERA DETECTS A LASER LINE EMITTED BY THE speed and scanning frequency – a tight web of measuring points.
SENSOR. THE LASER LINE PLANE IS PERPENDICULAR TO THE Measurement will cover diameter, ovality and contour. Welding
TRANSPORT DIRECTION OF THE TUBES TO BE MEASURED.
IF A TUBE CROSSES THE PLANE, THE LASER LINE FOLLOWS seams will be detected at regular intervals. Surface faults will only
ITS SURFACE CONTOUR. THUS, THE CAMERA RECORDS be detected, if their size is larger than the measurement grid.
THE SURFACE PROFILE IN HER DETECTION AREA. TO
COVER THE WHOLE SURFACE AND DIAMETER, SEVERAL
SENSORS NEED TO BE PLACED AROUND THE TUBE.
LIGHT-SECTION SENSORS:
OPTARIS M
STRAIGHTNESS MEASUREMENT USING
LASER TRIANGULATION SENSORS
A chain of displacement sensors can also be used for
straightness measurement. As the laser beam only hits the
tube on one side, the tube has to be turned around its
longitudinal axis to get all deviations.
TRIANGULATION SENSORS:
ATLAS, POLARIS, ANTARIS
LASER-SCAN-MICROMETER:
METIS EMITTER AND RECEIVER
TUBE-END INSPECTION
AUTOMATIC MEASUREMENT OF TUBE-ENDS
For connecting tubes the correlation of dimensions and geometry at the ends of the tubes is
of utmost importance. A robot with a C-shaped measuring frame at the end of its arm collects
all relevant data. Three triangulation sensors and one light section sensor are placed in the
measuring frame. They provide the measurement data for outer and inner diameter, outer
and inner contour, wall thickness, rectangularity in relation to the tube’s longitudinal axis and
chamfer angles. The measuring frame is rotated 360° around the tube’s longitudinal axis,
following the tube’s circumference. Due to the fixed turning point you get a complete image of
the measured values in relation to their angle.
© L AP, MKT-140032 1.18. en, 2016-03-03 • Photos „Hot Tube“and „Steel Mill“: Vallourec & Mannesmann
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