San Jose, Kaila Marie G.

CE21FA1 – PE003

TERM PAPER ABOUT TABLE TENNIS

Ping-pong is a sport that has the reputation for being nerdy and pointless, but if that’s your
impression of it, you have a lot to learn. Let me explain.

Playing a match is like taking a test: you have to calculate angles and probabilities under time
pressure. If you don’t determine the right force and acceleration, you might completely miss the ball.
Professional table tennis players do not become great overnight, as with any sport. Instead, they
dedicate long hours (perhaps spent more productively elsewhere) learning.

It’s inevitable: the more you play, the more types of players you’ll ­encounter. The Ping-Pong
Dork is the worst kind of challenger. He brings his own signature paddle to the match, insists on using
his regulation--standardized ball, will argue for hours about 40 mm versus 38 mm, and -actually knows
the names of the greatest players in the world. The most pathetic part is he’s beaten mercilessly every
time.

TERM PAPER ABOUT BADMINTON

The game of badminton is one with two distinct histories. Badminton can trace its roots over
2,500 years to a number of cultures, primarily China and India (where the game was known as poona).
The modern game takes its name from Badminton House, in Gloucester, England, where soldiers
familiar with the game through their service in India played the game on their return home. In the initial
years of its introduction to English society, the game was regarded as a genteel pastime; the rules of the
sport were codified in 1895, and remain virtually unaltered today.

The International Badminton Federation (IBF) was formed in 1934. The IBF has over 140
member countries. Badminton is contested in a singles' competition format for both men and women,
doubles events for both men and women, and mixed doubles. An international professional circuit,
involving significant prize money, has grown significantly since 1990. In 1992, badminton was introduced
to the Summer Olympics as a full medal sport.

Badminton has been played in many parts of the world as a recreational activity. It is a
deceptively simple sport, requiring a net, two or four people with lightweight metal or composite
material rackets made in a similar shape to that of a tennis racket, and a lightweight, feathered object
called the shuttlecock or shuttle. The goal is to deliver the shuttle over the net, with the intent to place
it where it cannot be returned by the opponent. Badminton was traditionally viewed as a sport that
anyone could play.
Molina, Wendy D.

CE21FA1 – PE 003

TERM PAPER ABOUT TABLE TENNIS

Table tennis is a very fun and enjoyable game. Now it is not only a game, but a sport – an
Olympic sport. Most historians will agree that table tennis originated centuries ago in England. It is
thought that it was first played with makeshift equipment on dining room tables. Around the beginning
of the 18th century people began using celluloid balls instead of the traditional rubber and cork. After
this the game became very popular in England and in the United States.

Ping-pong is the name that actually caught on and we still use it today. It became a patented
trade name for table tennis. Around the early 1920s the game was becoming very popular and in several
parts of the world a movement started to revive table tennis as a serious sport. A meeting held in 1926
in Berlin among five nations resulted in the formation of the international table tennis federation or ittf.
This federation governs and regulates tournaments around the world. There is also the United States
table tennis association or ustta that regulates and sponsors table tennis tournaments and events here
in the United States. The ittf is composed of about 140 member nations.

TERM PAPER ABOUT BADMINTON

Badminton originated thousands of years ago in India, before many of the other sports were
commercialized. It is believed to have evolved from a children’s game known as battledore and
shuttlecock, the battledore being a paddle and the shuttlecock a small-feathered cork, now called a
“bird” or “birdie.” The objective was simply to keep the bird in the air for as long as possible. Eventually
a net was added and the game became a competitive sport called “poona.” In the 1860’s it was adopted
by British army officers stationed in India and was brought back to England during the early 1870’s.
Played at a lawn party given by the Duke of Beaufort at his famous estate “Badminton,” it was enjoyed
immensely. When explaining the game to their friends, the guests referred to it as “the Badminton
game” for the name of his estate and the name stuck.

An important part of competitive badminton is the training ground, called a “club.” The first
badminton club, the Bath Badminton Club was established in 1877 and developed the first written rules
of the game, which have essentially remained unchanged since. In 1893 the Badminton Association of
England was founded as the first national governing body and the first All-England championship was
held in 1899.The first Badminton Club in America was The Badminton Club of New York, BCNY, was
formed in 1878, but it was primarily a social club.
Torres, Richelle Anne

CE21FA1 – PE003

TERM PAPER ABOUT TABLE TENNIS

Like many other sports, table tennis began as a mild social diversion. Descending from lawn
tennis to badminton to the ancient medieval game of tennis. Table Tennis likely began as a social hobby
in England toward the end of the 1800's. These early pioneers may have referred to their sport as
gossima, flim-flam, or ping-pong. The game became a huge fun event after the name Ping-Pong, the
noise made by the ball striking the table, was introduced by J. Jacques & Son. It became very popular in
England under its present name “Ping-Pong.” (Hickok)

By the early years of this century, Ping-Pong had already acquired some of its present day
complexities, but it was still used by many as an after-dinner amusement game rather than a sport.
Dining-room tables made up some of the early equipment that was used. Several different every-day
objects were used to play the sport. They used a line of books as the net; rackets were lids from empty
cigar boxes, and then a little later, parchment paper stretched around a frame created a paddle. The ball
would be either a ball of string, or perhaps more commonly, a champagne cork or rubber ball. The game
underwent a few changes in England in the next few years. One person introduced a celluloid ball to the
game, while another added pimpled rubber to the wooden paddle. These additions were used by many
and advanced on by others.

TERM PAPER ABOUT BADMINTON

Badminton is a court or lawn game played with lightweight rackets and a shuttlecock, a small,
cork hemisphere with 14 to 16 feathers attached and weighing about 80 grains (0.17-ounce [5 g]). A
nylon shuttlecock with the apron furnished by feathers is also used. The game is named for Badminton,
the country estate of the dukes of Beaufort in Gloucestershire, England, where it was first played in
about 1873. It may have started much earlier in India. In the 1860s British army officers stationed there
reportedly played the game out of doors and called it poona. Ultimately, badminton derives from an old
children's game, battledore and shuttlecock.

The first unofficial All-England badminton championships for men were held in 1899, and the
first badminton tournament for women was arranged the next year. The International Badminton
Federation (IBF), world governing body of the sport, was formed in 1934. Its headquarters are in
Cheltenham, Gloucestershire, Eng. Badminton is also popular in Malaysia, Indonesia, Japan, and
Denmark. A number of regional, national, and zonal badminton tournaments are held in several
countries. The best known of these matches is the All-England Championships. Other well-known
international tournaments include the Thomas Cup (donated 1939) for men's team competition and the
Uber Cup (donated 1956) for women's team competition. Badminton first appeared in the Olympic
Games as a demonstration sport in 1972 and as an exhibition sport in 1988. At the 1992 Games it
became a full-medal Olympic sport, with competition for men's and women's singles (one against one)
and doubles (two against two). Mixed doubles was introduced at the 1996 Games.
Mendoza, Mary Nathalie

CE21FA1 – PE003

TERM PAPER ABOUT TABLE TENNIS

The origin of table tennis has never been exactly pinpointed, even though it's a relatively young
sport, younger than lawn tennis and not much older than basketball. The earliest known form of the
sport, called indoor tennis, was played in the early 1880s by British army officers in India and South
Africa, using lids from cigar boxes as paddles and rounded corks from wine bottles as balls, with a row of
books set up across the middle of a table to form the net. Other versions developed in England during
the 1890s, known variously as "whiff whaff" and "gossima," and Parker Brothers began manufacturing
an indoor tennis kit that included a portable net that could be set up on a table, a small ball covered
with netting, and miniature paddles. James Gibb, an Englishman who visited the United States in 1900,
brought some hollow celluloid balls home and began playing indoor tennis with friends, using the new
balls. Gibb apparently came up with the name "ping pong," representing the sounds of the ball hitting
the paddle and then the table. A Ping Pong Association was founded in England that year, but it lasted
less than three years, mainly because Parker Brothers' control of the name made equipment rather
expensive. Nevertheless, the sport spread rather quietly in England and Europe, primarily with
equipment marketed by other manufacturers using the generic name of table tennis.

SHOW MORE TERM PAPER ABOUT BADMINTON

The simplicity of badminton that makes it an attractive recreational activity remains its hallmark
at the elite level. The speed and the power of the shots transform badminton from recreation to a
significant athletic challenge. The sport requires extremely well-developed agility and hand-eye
coordination. The tactics of the game demand a command of a deft touch, to drop a shot into a precise
area of the opposing court, as well as the power to deliver a smash; elite competitors can deliver the
shuttle at speeds in excess of 150 mph (250 km/h). The placement of shots and the tactics to be
employed are also important components of badminton success.

The physical training program for effective badminton will combine several features. Stretching
and flexibility is of primary importance, as the lateral movement and explosive reactions required place
a significant stress on the lower leg joints and groin tissues. Exercises that assist in plyometrics training
and intervals will support the movements required in a small space. While the sport is primarily
anaerobic in terms of its energy demands, it is common for badminton matches to be extended over
multiple sets, with more than one match played per day. Aerobic fitness assists these athletes in their
recovery from the anaerobic exertions of the sport.