(1)

772-13-112P SA: 8674

SR: 1846

Given data:
The ball is guided along the vertical circular path r   2rc cos  ft
Value of rc  0.4 ft
Weight of particle w  0.5 lb
Angular velocity of arm   0.4 rad/s
Angular acceleration   0.8 rad/s 2

Free-body diagram of ball:

Let F be the force exerted by the arm on the ball

N is the normal force of the arm on the ball, acts perpendicular to the tangent to the curve
at   30 .Acceleration components ar and a are assumed to be directed towards their
respective positive axis.

Kinematics:
It is given a ball is guided along a circular path. Here path is expressed in terms of polar
coordinates r and  . Radial and transverse components of acceleration can be found by
using equations,
ar  r  r 2
a  r  2r
The value of radial r and time derivatives of r and  are evaluated at   30 .
Substituting value of rc  0.4 ft
r   2  0.4 cos
r  0.8cos  ft
r  0.8sin  .
r  0.8  cos  . 2  sin  . 

For   30
r  0.8cos  ft
r  30  0.8cos30
r  30  0.6928 ft
r   sin  .
r  30  0.8sin 30  0.4
r  30  0.16 ft/s

r  0.8 cos  . 2  sin  . 

r  30  0.8 cos30   0.42   sin 30  0.8 
r  30  0.4309 ft/s 2

Using the r and time derivatives of r,  at   30 , we can find acceleration components.

ar  r  r 2
ar  0.4309  0.6928  0.42 
 ar  0.5417 ft/s 2
a  r  2r
a  0.6928  0.8  2  0.16 0.4
 a  0.4263 ft/s 2

Equations of motion:
From free-body diagram
  Fr  mar
N cos   w sin   mar
N cos30  mar  w sin 30
0.5
N cos 30  0.5   0.5417   sin 30
32.2
N cos30  0.2415
0.2415
N
cos 30
N  0.279 lb
  F  ma
F  N sin   w cos   ma
Substituting the value of N in the above equation,
0.5
F  0.279sin 30  0.5cos 30   0.4263
32.2
0.5
F  0.4263  0.5cos 30  0.279sin 30
32.2
F  0.4396  0.1395
F  0.3 lb
Force exerted by the arm on the ball at instant   30 is F  0.3 lb

(2)

Principle of work energy:

T1  U1 2  T2
1 2 1 1
mv1  F  s  W  s  ks 2  mv22
2 2 2
1 2 1 2 1 2
  10   5   100  s   10  9.81 sin 30 s     200  s     10  1 
2  2  2 
s  2.018 m

Calculate the total distance S 2 .

S2  0.6  2.018  2.618 m

Mass of collar, m  2 kg
Velocity of collar at position A, vA  4 m/s
Un-stretched length of spring, lo  1 m
Stiffness of spring, k  100 N/m
Potential energy:
 vg   mgh1
1

v 
g 1  2  9.81 0
0
v 
g 2  mgh2

v 
g 2  2  9.81 x
 19.62x
The elastic potential energy of the spring at A is

 ve 1   ks12 
1
2 
1
 100   x  1
2

2
 50  x  1
2

Now from equation (1),

1
 ve 1   30 12
2
 ve 1  15J
The elastic potential energy of the spring at this instant s=1m is

 ve 2   ks22 
1
2 

 
2
1
 100  x 2  22  1
2

 
2
 50 x 2  22  1
Conservation of energy:
TA  VA  TC  VC
1
2

1
1
2
 2

mvA2   vg    ve 1  mvc 2   vg    ve 2 
1 1 1 1
mvA 2  mghA  ks12  mvc 2  mgh2  ks2 2
2 2 2 2
1 2 1 2
  2  4   0  15    2  vC   19.62  22.91
2  2 
16  0  15  vC  19.62  22.91
2

vC 2  27.7
vC  5.26 m/s
Velocity of collar at s=1m is vC  5.26 m/s
(4)

Mass of the car is m

Car passes over the curved road
Radius of curvature of the path is r
Maximum speed of the car at the top point A, still maintain contact with the road is vmax
Normal reaction the road exerts on the car at point B is N B

Free body diagram of car at point A and B:

Equation of motion:
Consider car at the top point A:
When the car is on top of the vertical curved road, the tires are about to lose contact with
the road surface. So normal force is not acting at point A. i.e., N  0
From fig(a)
   Fn  man
W  man
v2
mg  m

v2  gr
v  gr
Maximum speed of the car at top point A on the road is v  gr

Now consider the car at lowest point B on the road:

Using the result of v , the normal component of car acceleration an at the lowest point B
on the road is
v2
an 

gr
an 
r
an  g
From fig (b)
   Fn  man
N B  W  man
N B  mg  mg
N B  2mg
Normal reaction the road exerts on the car at the lowest point B is N B  2mg