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Program Description:
"BMREINF9" is a spreadsheet program written in MS-Excel for the purpose of analysis and code checking of
steel members with various types of reinforcement configurations. Specifically, members are analyzed / code
checked per the AISC 9th Edition Allowable Stress Design (ASD) Manual. Both actual and allowable stresses
are computed, with the final result being a computed "stress ratio" of actual stress/allowable stress. Both the
intermediate and end weld requirements for attaching the reinforcing to the existing member are determined.
1. This program follows the procedures and guidelines of the AISC 9th Edition Allowable Stress (ASD) Manual
(1989).
2. This program uses the database of member dimensions and section properties from the "AISC Shapes
Database", Version 3.0 (2001) as well as the AISC 9th Edition (ASD) Manual (1989).
3. This program assumes that existing member is overstressed primarily due to X-axis (strong axis) bending.
However, the member may be also subjected to axial load (compression or tension) as well as Y-axis (minor
axis) bending. Thus, the maximum resultant stress in the top flange of the composite section is assumed to
be compression, while it is assumed to be tension at the bottom of the composite section.
4. This program addresses the concern of existing state of stress for original member by providing input of the
"residual" X-axis (major axis) bending moment in the unreinforced member, and in some of the worksheets
the "residual" axial load in the unreinforced member. These "residual" loads can be due to dead load alone
or a combination of dead load and an assumed portion of the live load.
The "residual", the added (new), and the maximum stresses for the beam are calculated as follows:
fa(residual, mem) = P(residual, mem)/A
fa(added) = (P(total)-P(residual, mem))/Ac
fa(reinf) = fa(added)
fa(mem) = fa(residual, mem) + fa(added)
fbx(residual, mem) = Mx(residual, mem)*12/Sx
fbx(added, reinf) = (Mx(total)-Mx(residual, mem))*12/Sxc(reinf)
fbx(added, mem) = (Mx(total)-Mx(residual, mem))*12/Sxc(mem)
fbx(reinf) = fbx(added, reinf)
fbx(mem) = fbx(residual, mem) + fbx(added, mem)
where: A = cross sectional area of existing member alone
Ac = cross sectional area of entire composite section
Sx = section modulus for the existing member alone
Sxc(reinf) = section modulus referenced to extremities of new reinforcing element(s)
Sxc(mem) = section modulus referenced to extremities of existing member
5. This program prompts for the X-axis (strong axis) "cut-off" moment for the beam, which may be input as a
value equal to the total design moment, but is more typically equal to the moment capacity of the existing
unreinforced member. The "cut-off" moment is the moment used to determine the end weld requirements
for the member reinforcing.
6. In this program for members subjected to known loadings consisting of axial load (compression or tension)
and/or uniaxial or biaxial bending, both the actual and allowable stress are computed, with the final result
being a computed "stress ratio" of actual stress/allowable stress.
7. For cases when the axial load is compression, then it is considered at the top flange of the section but it is
not considered at the bottom of the section. When the axial load is tension, then it is not considered at the
top flange of the section but it is considered for the bottom of the section.
8. In this program if beam reinforcing runs for full length, then the composite section properties will be used in
computing both the actual and the allowable axial compressive stresses. Otherwise, only the properties of
the original existing beam are used for reinforcing that does not run for full length of beam. (See Note #9.)
9. When a stiffened element (web) of a member subjected to axial compression is classified as a "slender"
element (exceeding non-compact limits) based on local buckling criteria, then the program complies with
AISC Appendix B. If the effective length of web for axial compression as determined by AISC Eqn. A-B5-8 is
found to be less than the actual web length, then the area of the web to be deducted is assumed as one-half
each side of the centroid of the existing beam for determining the effective section properties.
10. This program utilizes an "Allowable Stress Increase Factor" (ASIF) which is a multiplier of any of the
calculated allowable stresses Fa, Fbx, and Fby and also the Euler column buckling stresses F'ex and F'ey.
It is used and appears only in the stress ratio calculation. Typically a value of 1.0 may be used. However, a
value of 1.333 may be used for load combinations which include wind or seismic loads.
11. If a member loaded with axial compression has a maximum slenderness ratio K*L*12/r >200, then a
message will appear. However, this program does not consider or deem a particular member as
"inadequate" based on the slenderness ratio of 200 being exceeded.
12. For the case of combined axial compression with bending, if the calculated value of fa >=F'e (which is not
allowed) then a warning (error!) message will appear.
13. When the values of either 'Lx', 'Ly', or 'Lb' are input = 0' (or actually <= 1.0'), this program will use a value = 1.0'.
14. When the area of the top (assumed compression) flange is <= the area of the bottom (assumed tension)
flange, then this program will not consider the use of AISC Eqn. F1-8 per Section F1.3 in determining
the allowable X-axis bending stress, 'Fbx'.
15. The values of 'Cb', 'Cmx', 'Cmy', 'Kx, and 'Ky' may be calculated (if applicable) by accessing the additional
input data to the right of the main page in each of the calculation worksheets. Then, these calculated values
can be input under the member design parameters on the main page. (Note: there are equations which
very closely approximate the solutions for 'Kx' and 'Ky' obtained using the AISC Code Alignment Charts.)
16. This program does not calculate or check shear or deflection in member.
17. This program does not consider torsion on member.
18. This program does not consider deduction for holes in members subjected to tension.
19. In weld design, this program determines the AISC Code minimum fillet weld as well as the maximum
effective fillet weld size based on the shear strength of the base material. The weld size used will be the
AISC minimum weld size, not to exceed the maximum assumed value for a single pass weld of 5/16". If the
maximum effective fillet weld size is less than the actual size used, then the maximum effective fillet weld
size is used to determine the actual required weld lengths.
20. This program contains numerous “comment boxes” which contain a wide variety of information including
explanations of input or output items, equations used, data tables, etc. (Note: presence of a “comment box”
is denoted by a “red triangle” in the upper right-hand corner of a cell. Merely move the mouse pointer to the
desired cell to view the contents of that particular "comment box".)
"BMREINF9.xls" Program
Version 2.0
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"BMREINF9.xls" Program
Version 2.0
Fa =
Combined Section Properties (continued): Use: Fa =
Iyc = 357.13 in.^4 Iyc = Iy+Iyp fa/Fa =
Syc(top/mem) = 79.45 in.^3 Syc(top/mem) = Iyc/(bf/2) (ref. outside edge of top flange of member) Pa =
Syc(bot/mem) = 79.45 in.^3 Syc(bot/mem) = Iyc/(bf/2) (ref. outside edge of bot. flange of member) X-axis Ben
Syc(bot/pl) = 54.94 in.^3 Syc(bot/pl) = Iyc/(Bp/2) (ref. outside edge of reinforcing Is Top plate)
Flg.<Bot. Flg?
ryc = 2.919 in. ryc = SQRT(Iyc/Ac) Lc =
Lu =
Check Stresses: Lb/rt =
For Axial Compression: fa/Fy =
KL/rx = 15.15 KL/rx = Kx*Lx*12/rxc (use rxc for combined section) fbx(residual) =
KL/ry = 49.32 KL/ry = Ky*Ly*12/ryc (use ryc for combined section) fbx(added, top/mem) =
KL/r = 49.32 KL/r = Max. of: Kx*Lx*12/rxc or Ky*Ly*12/ryc fbx(added, bot/mem) =
Cc = #N/A #N/A fbx(top/mem) =
fa = 0.24 ksi fa = P/Ac (use Ac for combined section) fbx(bot/mem) =
Fa = #N/A ksi #N/A fbx(bot/pl) =
Pa = #N/A kips Pa = Fa*Ac (use Ac for combined section) Is Lb<=Lc?
#N/A Is dc/tw<=allow?
For X-axis Bending: (for combined section) Is b/t<=65/SQRT(Fy)?
Lc = 9.49 ft. Lc = Min. of: 76*bf/SQRT(Fy)/12 or: 20000/(dc/Af*Fy)/12 Is b/t>95/SQRT(Fy)?
Lu = 11.14 ft. Lu = Max. of: ((20000/(dc/Af*Fy))/12 or: SQRT(102000/Fy)*rtc/12 Fbx(top) =
Lb/rt = 65.91 Lb/rt = Lb*12/rtc = unbraced length for bending ratio Fbx(top) =
fbx(residual) = 3.41 ksi fbx(residual) = Mx(residual)*12/Sx (at top and bottom of member)
Fbx(top) =
fbx(add. top) = #N/A ksi #N/A Fbx(top) =
fbx(add. bot) = #N/A ksi #N/A Fbx(top) =
fbx(top/mem) = #N/A ksi fbx(top/mem) = fbx(residual)+fbx(added, top/mem) Fbx(top) =
fbx(bot/mem) = #N/A ksi fbx(bot/mem) = fbx(residual)+fbx(added, bot/mem) Fbx(top) =
fbx(bot/pl) = #N/A ksi #N/A Use: Fbx(top) =
Fbx(top) = 20.32 ksi Fbx(top)=(2/3-Fy*(Lb/rf)^2/(1530000*Cb))*Fy <= Qs*0.60*Fy Use: (Eqn. Fbx(bot)
F1-6) =
Fbx(bot) = 21.60 ksi Fbx(bot) = allowable tension bending stress at bottom Mrx =
Mrx = #N/A ft-kips #N/A Y-axis Ben
fby(top/mem) =
X-axis Euler Stress: (use rxc for combined section) fby(bot/mem) =
F'ex = 650.56 ksi F'ex = 12*(π)^2*29000/(23*(Kx*Lx*12/rxc)^2) fby(bot/pl) =
Fby =
For Y-axis Bending: (for combined section) Mry =
fby(top/mem) = #N/A ksi #N/A Euler Stres
fby(bot/mem) = #N/A ksi #N/A F'ex =
fby(bot/pl) = #N/A ksi #N/A F'ey =
Fby = 27.00 ksi Fby = 0.75*Fy (Eqn. F2-1) Stress Rat
Mry = #N/A ft-kips #N/A At Top Flan
S.R. =
Y-axis Euler Stress: (use ryc for combined section) S.R. =
F'ey = 61.38 ksi F'ey = 12*(π)^2*29000/(23*(Ky*Ly*12/ryc)^2) S.R. =
S.R. =
Stress Ratios: At Bottom
S.R.(top/mem) = #N/A #N/A #N/A S.R. =
S.R.(bot/mem) = #N/A #N/A #N/A S.R. =
S.R.(bot/pl) = #N/A #N/A #N/A At Bottom
(continued)
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"BMREINF9.xls" Program
Version 2.0
S.R. =
Weld Design: Weld Desi
Interior We
Interior Welds of Plate Reinf. to Member: (assume intermittent fillet weld) Fw =
Fw = 0.525 kips/in. Fw = Rv*Ap*Y4/(2*Ixc) (weld force per inch) w(min) =
w(min) = 5/16 in. w(min) = Min. fillet weld size from AISC Table J2.4, page 5-67
w(max,eff) =
w(max,eff) = 0.6594 in. w(max,eff) = Min. of: (tp or tf)*(0.40*Fy/((SQRT(2)/2)*0.30*70))
w(use) =
w(use) = 5/16 in. w(use) = w(min) <= 5/16" Lw(min) =
Lw(min) = 1.500 in./ft. Lw(min) = Max. of: 1.5" or 4*w(min) Lw(use) =
Lw(use) = 1.500 in./ft. Lw(use) = Max. of: (Fw*12)/(w*SQRT(2)/2*0.3*70) or Lw(min) Note: w = w
Note: w = w (use) End Welds
Use: 5/16'' Fillet Weld, 1.5'' @ 12'' Each Side of Plate For Case #1:
Fw(total) =
End Welds of Plate Reinf. to Member: (assume continuous fillet weld) Lw(end) =
For Case #1: Weld Across End of Plate a'(min) =
Fw(total) = 120.18 kips Fw(total) = M(cutoff)*12*Ap*Y4/Ixc+(Ap/Ac)*ABS(P(axial)) a'(req'd) =
Lw(end) = 8.990 in. Lw(end) = Min. of: bf or Bp a'(use) =
a'(min) = 19.500 in. a'(min) = 1.5*Bp, for weld size < 0.75*tp Lw(total) =
a'(req'd) = 8.455 in. a'(req'd) = (Fw(total)/(w*SQRT(2)/2*0.3*70)-Lw(end))/2 Note: w = w
a'(use) = 19.500 in. a'(use) = Max. of: a'(min) or a'(req'd) For Case #2:
Lw(total) = 47.990 in. Lw(total) = 2*a'(use)+Lw(end) (@ each end of plate reinf.)Fw(total) =
Note: w = w (use) Lw(end) =
Use: 5/16'' Fillet Weld, 19.5'' Continuous Each Side of Plate and Across End a'(min) =
a'(req'd) =
For Case #2: No Weld Across End of Plate a'(use) =
Fw(total) = 120.18 kips Fw(total) = M(cutoff)*12*Ap*Y4/Ixc+(Ap/Ac)*ABS(P(axial)) Lw(total) =
Lw(end) = 0.000 in. Lw(end) = 0 (assumed) Note: w = w
a'(min) = 26.000 in. a'(min) = 2*Bp, for no weld across end of plate ###
a'(req'd) = 12.950 in. a'(req'd) = (Fw(total)/(w*SQRT(2)/2*0.3*70))/2 (Determini
a'(use) = 26.000 in. a'(use) = Max. of: a'(min) or a'(req'd) End Welds
Lw(total) = 52.000 in. Lw(total) = 2*a'(use) (@ each end of plate) For Case #1:
Note: w = w (use) Fw1 =
Use: 5/16'' Fillet Weld, 26'' Continuous Each Side of Plate Lw(end) =
a'(use) =
Pw =
Comments: Mw =
Sw(max) =
Sw(min) =
Fw(result) =
w(req'd) =
###
For Case #2:
Fw1 =
Lw(end) =
a'(use) =
Pw =
Mw =
Sw =
Fw(result) =
w(req'd) =
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"BMREINF9.xls" Program
Version 2.0
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"BMREINF9.xls" Program
Version 2.0
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"BMREINF9.xls" Program
Version 2.0
w(max,eff) =
Weld Design: w(use) =
Lw(min) =
Interior Welds of WT Reinf. to Member: (assume intermittent fillet weld) Lw(use) =
Fw = 0.294 kips/in. Fw = Rv*Awt*Y4/(2*Ixc) (weld force per inch) Note: w = w
w(min) = 1/ 4 in. w(min) = Min. fillet weld size from AISC Table J2.4, page 5-67 End Welds
w(max,eff) = 0.1261 in. w(max,eff) = tw(wt)*(0.40*Fy/((SQRT(2)/2)*0.30*70*2)) Fw(total) =
w(use) = 1/ 4 in. w(use) = w(min) <= 5/16" a'(min) =
Lw(min) = 1.500 in./ft. Lw(min) = Max. of: 1.5" or 4*w(min) a'(req'd) =
Lw(use) = 1.887 in./ft. Lw(use) = Max. of: (Fw*12)/(w*SQRT(2)/2*0.3*70) or Lw(min) a'(use) =
Note: w = w (max,eff) Lw(total) =
Use: 1/4'' Fillet Weld, 2'' @ 12'' Each Side of WT Web Note: w = w
###
End Welds of WT Reinf. to Member: (assume continuous fillet weld) (Determini
Fw(total) = 66.46 kips Fw(total) = M(cutoff)*12*Awt*Y4/Ixc + (Awt/Ac)*ABS(P(axial)) End Welds
a'(min) = 3.000 in. a'(min) = 3" (assumed) Fw1 =
a'(req'd) = 17.751 in. a' = (Fw(total)/((SQRT(2)/2)*0.3*70*w))/2 a'(use) =
a'(use) = 17.751 in. a'(use) = Max. of: a'(min) or a'(req'd) Pw =
Lw(total) = 35.502 in. Lw(total) = 2*a'(use) (@ each end of WT reinf.) Mw =
Note: w = w (max,eff) Sw =
Use: 1/4'' Fillet Weld, 18'' Continuous Each Side of WT Web @ Ends Fw(result) =
w(req'd) =
###
Comments: ###
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"BMREINF9.xls" Program
Version 2.0
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"BMREINF9.xls" Program
Version 2.0
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"BMREINF9.xls" Program
Version 2.0
w(max,eff) =
Weld Design: w(use) =
Lw(min) =
Interior Welds of I-Beam Reinf. to Exist. Member: (assume intermittent fillet weld) Lw(use) =
Fw = 0.287 kips/in. Fw = Rv*A2*Y4/(2*Ixc) (weld force per inch) Note: w = w
w(min) = 1/ 4 in. w(min) = Min. fillet weld size from AISC Table J2.4, page 5-67
w(max,eff) = 0.3055 in. w(max eff) = Min. of: (tf1 or tf2)*(0.40*Fy/((SQRT(2)/2)*0.30*70))
For Case #1:
w(use) = 1/ 4 in. w(use) = w(min) <= 5/16" Fw(total) =
Lw(min) = 1.500 in./ft. Lw(min) = Max. of: 1.5" or 4*w(min) Lw(end) =
Lw(use) = 1.500 in./ft. Lw(use) = Max. of: (Fw*12)/(w*SQRT(2)/2*0.3*70) or Lw(min) a'(min) =
Note: w = w (use) a'(req'd) =
Use: 1/4'' Fillet Weld, 1.5'' @ 12'' Each Side of Beam Reinf. a'(use) =
Lw(total) =
End Welds of I-Beam Reinf. to Exist. Member: (assume continuous fillet weld) Note: w = w
For Case #1: Weld Across End of Beam Reinf. For Case #2:
Fw(total) = 96.33 kips Fw(total) = M(cutoff)*12*A2*Y4/Ixc + (A2/Ac)*ABS(P(axial)) Fw(total) =
Lw(end) = 4.010 in. Lw(end) = Min. of: bf1 or bf2 Lw(end) =
a'(min) = 4.010 in. a'(min) = bf2, for weld size >= 0.75*tf2 a'(min) =
a'(req'd) = 10.969 in. a'(req'd) = (Fw(total)/(w*SQRT(2)/2*0.3*70)-Lw(end))/2 a'(req'd) =
a'(use) = 10.969 in. a'(use) = Max. of: a'(min) or a'(req'd) a'(use) =
Lw(total) = 25.949 in. Lw(total) = 2*a'(use)+Lw(end) (@ each end of beam reinf.)Lw(total) =
Note: w = w (use) Note: w = w
Use: 1/4'' Fillet Weld, 11'' Continuous Each Side of Beam Reinf. and Across End ###
(Determini
For Case #2: No Weld Across End of Beam Reinf.
Fw(total) = 96.33 kips Fw(total) = M(cutoff)*12*A2*Y4/Ixc + (A2/Ac)*ABS(P(axial))
For Case #1:
Lw(end) = 0.000 in. Lw(end) = 0 (assumed) Fw1 =
a'(min) = 8.020 in. a'(min) = 2*bf2, for no weld across end of beam reinf. Lw(end) =
a'(req'd) = 12.974 in. a'(req'd) = (Fw(total)/(w*SQRT(2)/2*0.3*70))/2 a'(use) =
a'(use) = 12.974 in. a'(use) = Max. of: a'(min) or a'(req'd) Pw =
Lw(total) = 25.949 in. Lw(total) = 2*a'(use) (@ each end of beam reinf.) Mw =
Note: w = w (use) Sw(max) =
Use: 1/4'' Fillet Weld, 13'' Continuous Each Side of Beam Reinf. Sw(min) =
Fw(result) =
w(req'd) =
Comments: ###
For Case #2:
Fw1 =
Lw(end) =
a'(use) =
Pw =
Mw =
Sw =
Fw(result) =
w(req'd) =
###
###
###
###
###
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"BMREINF9.xls" Program
Version 2.0
Is b/t<=65/SQRT(Fy)?
Check Stresses: Is b/t>95/SQRT(Fy)?
Fbx(top) =
For Axial Compression: (use Ac for combined section) Fbx(top) =
KL/rx = 15.04 KL/rx = Kx*Lx*12/rxc (use rxc for combined section) Fbx(top) =
KL/ry = 69.71 KL/ry = Ky*Ly*12/ryc (use ryc for combined section) Fbx(top) =
KL/r = 69.71 KL/r = Max. of: Kx*Lx*12/rxc or Ky*Ly*12/ryc Fbx(top) =
Cc = #N/A #N/A Fbx(top) =
fa(residual) = 0.09 ksi fa(residual) = P(residual)/A Fbx(top) =
fa(added) = 0.28 ksi fa(added) = (P(total)-P(residual))/Ac (use Ac for combined Use:section)
Fbx(top) =
fa = 0.37 ksi fa = fa(residual)+fa(added) Use: Fbx(bot) =
Fa = #N/A ksi #N/A Mrx =
Pa = #N/A kips Pa = Fa*Ac (use Ac for combined section) Y-axis Ben
#N/A fby =
For X-axis Bending: (for combined section) Fby =
Lc = 9.49 ft. Lc = Min. of: 76*bf/SQRT(Fy)/12 or: 20000/(d/Af*Fy)/12 Mry =
Lu = 11.84 ft. Lu = Max. of: ((20000/(d/Af*Fy))/12 or: SQRT(102000/Fy)*rt/12 Euler Stres
Lb/rt = 62.88 Lb/rt = Lb*12/rt = unbraced length for bending ratio F'ex =
fbx(residual) = 3.41 ksi fbx(residual) = Mx(residual)*12/Sx F'ey =
fbx(added) = #N/A ksi #N/A Stress Rat
fbx(top) = #N/A ksi fbx(top) = fbx(residual)+fbx(added) At Top Flan
fbx(bot) = #N/A ksi fbx(bot) = fbx(residual)+fbx(added) S.R. =
Fbx(top) = 21.31 ksi Fbx(top) = 12000*Cb/(Lb*dc/Af) <= Qs*0.60*Fy (Eqn. F1-8) S.R. =
Fbx(bot) = 21.60 ksi Fbx(bot) = allowable tension bending stress at bottom flange S.R. =
Mrx = #N/A ft-kips #N/A S.R. =
At Bottom
X-axis Euler Stress: (use rxc for combined section) S.R. =
F'ex = 660.45 ksi F'ex = 12*(π)^2*29000/(23*(Kx*Lx*12/rxc)^2) S.R. =
Weld Desi
For Y-axis Bending: (for combined section) Interior We
fby = #N/A ksi #N/A Fw =
Fby = 27.00 ksi Fby = 0.75*Fy (Eqn. F2-1) w(min) =
Mry = #N/A ft-kips #N/A w(max,eff) =
w(use) =
Y-axis Euler Stress: (use ryc for combined section) Lw(min) =
F'ey = 30.73 ksi F'ey = 12*(π)^2*29000/(23*(Ky*Ly*12/ryc)^2) Lw(use) =
Note: w = w
Stress Ratios: End Welds
S.R.(top) = #N/A #N/A #N/A Fw(total) =
S.R.(bot) = #N/A #N/A #N/A a'(min) =
a'(req'd) =
a'(use) =
Lw(total) =
Note: w = w
###
(Determini
End Welds
Fw1 =
a'(use) =
Pw =
(continued)
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"BMREINF9.xls" Program
Version 2.0
Sw =
Weld Design: Fw(result) =
w(req'd) =
Interior Welds of Each Reinf. Angle to Member: (assume intermittent fillet weld) ###
Fw = 0.038 kips/in. Fw = (Rv/2)*Aa*ya/(2*Ixc) (weld force per inch) ###
w(min) = 1/ 4 in. w(min) = Min. fillet weld size from AISC Table J2.4, page 5-67 ###
w(max,eff) = 0.2133 in. w(max,eff) = tw*(0.40*Fy/((SQRT(2)/2)*0.30*70*2)) ###
w(use) = 1/ 4 in. w(use) = Min. of: w(min) or w(max,eff) <= 5/16" ###
Lw(min) = 1.500 in./ft. Lw(min) = Max. of: 1.5" or 4*w(min) ###
Lw(use) = 1.500 in./ft. Lw(use) = Max. of: (Fw*12)/(w*SQRT(2)/2*0.3*70) or Lw(min) ###
Note: w = w (max eff) ###
Use: 1/4'' Fillet Weld, 1.5'' @ 12'' Each Side of Reinf. Angles ###
###
End Welds of Each Reinf. Angle to Member: (assume continuous fillet weld) ###
Fw(total) = 8.90 kips/angle Fw(total) = M(cutoff)/2*12*Aa*ya/Ixc + (Aa/Ac)*ABS(P(total)) ###
a'(min) = 3.000 in./angle a'(min) = 3" (assumed) ###
a'(req'd) = 1.404 in./angle a'(req'd) = (Fw(total)/((SQRT(2)/2)*0.3*70*w))/2 ###
a'(use) = 3.000 in./angle a'(use) = Max. of: a'(min) or a'(req'd) ###
Lw(total) = 6.000 in./angle Lw = 2*a'(use) (@ each end of angle reinf.) ###
Note: w = w (max eff) ###
Use: 1/4'' Fillet Weld, 3'' Continuous Each Side of Reinf. Angles @ Ends ###
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15 of 27 04/16/2018 01:41:11
"BMREINF9.xls" Program
Version 2.0
16 of 27 04/16/2018 01:41:11
"BMREINF9.xls" Program
Version 2.0
fbx(residual) =
Check Stresses: fbx(added) =
fbx(top) =
For Axial Compression: (use Ac for combined section) fbx(bot) =
KL/rx = 14.66 KL/rx = Kx*Lx*12/rxc (use rxc for combined section) Is Lb<=Lc?
KL/ry = 79.25 KL/ry = Ky*Ly*12/ryc (use ryc for combined section) Is dc/tw<=allow?
KL/r = 79.25 KL/r = Max. of: Kx*Lx*12/rxc or Ky*Ly*12/ryc Is b/t<=65/SQRT(Fy)?
Cc = #N/A #N/A Is b/t>95/SQRT(Fy)?
fa(residual) = 0.09 fa(residual) = P(residual)/A Fbx(top) =
fa(added) = 0.31 fa(added) = (P(total)-P(residual))/Ac (use Ac for combined section)
Fbx(top) =
fa = 0.40 ksi fa = fa(residual)+fa(added) Fbx(top) =
Fa = #N/A ksi #N/A Fbx(top) =
Pa = #N/A kips Pa = Fa*Ac (use Ac for combined section) Fbx(top) =
#N/A Fbx(top) =
For X-axis Bending: (for combined section) Fbx(top) =
Lc = 9.49 ft. Lc = Min. of: 76*bf/SQRT(Fy)/12 or: 20000/(d/Af*Fy)/12 Use: Fbx(top) =
Lu = 11.84 ft. Lu = Max. of: ((20000/(d/Af*Fy))/12 or: SQRT(102000/Fy)*rt/12
Use: Fbx(bot) =
Lb/rt = 62.88 Lb/rt = Lb*12/rt = unbraced length for bending ratio Mrx =
fbx(residual) = 3.41 ksi fbx(residual) = Mx(residual)*12/Sx Y-axis Ben
fbx(added) = #N/A ksi #N/A fby =
fbx(top) = #N/A ksi fbx(top) = fbx(residual)+fbx(added) Fby =
fbx(bot) = #N/A ksi fbx(bot) = fbx(residual)+fbx(added) Mry =
Fbx(top) = 21.31 ksi Fbx(top) = 12000*Cb/(Lb*dc/Af) <= Qs*0.60*Fy (Eqn. F1-8) Euler Stres
Fbx(bot) = 21.60 ksi Fbx(bot) = allowable tension bending stress at bottom flange F'ex =
Mrx = #N/A ft-kips #N/A F'ey =
Stress Rat
X-axis Euler Stress: (use rxc for combined section) At Top Flan
F'ex = 694.90 ksi F'ex = 12*(π)^2*29000/(23*(Kx*Lx*12/rxc)^2) S.R. =
S.R. =
For Y-axis Bending: (for combined section) S.R. =
fby = #N/A ksi #N/A S.R. =
Fby = 27.00 ksi Fby = 0.75*Fy (Eqn. F2-1) At Bottom
Mry = #N/A ft-kips #N/A S.R. =
S.R. =
Y-axis Euler Stress: (use ryc for combined section) Weld Desi
F'ey = 23.78 ksi F'ey = 12*(π)^2*29000/(23*(Ky*Ly*12/ryc)^2) Interior We
Fw =
Stress Ratios: w(min) =
S.R.(top) = #N/A #N/A #N/A w(max,eff) =
S.R.(bot) = #N/A #N/A #N/A w(use) =
Lw(min) =
Lw(use) =
Note: w = w
End Welds
Fw(total) =
a'(min) =
a'(req'd) =
a'(use) =
Lw(total) =
(continued)
17 of 27 04/16/2018 01:41:11
"BMREINF9.xls" Program
Version 2.0
###
Weld Design: (Determini
End Welds
Interior Welds of Each Reinf. Bar to Member: (assume intermittent fillet weld) Fw1 =
Fw = 0.026 kips/in. Fw = (Rv/2)*Ab*yc/(2*Ixc) (weld force per inch) a'(use) =
w(min) = 5/16 in. w(min) = Min. fillet weld size from AISC Table J2.4, page 5-67 Pw =
w(max,eff) = 0.2133 in. w(max,eff) = tw*(0.40*Fy/((SQRT(2)/2)*0.30*70*2)) Mw =
w(use) = 5/16 in. w(use) = w(min) <= 5/16" Sw =
Lw(min) = 1.500 in./ft. Lw(min) = Max. of: 1.5" or 4*w(min) Fw(result) =
Lw(use) = 1.500 in./ft. Lw(use) = Max. of: (Fw*12)/(w*SQRT(2)/2*0.3*70) or Lw(min) w(req'd) =
Note: w = w (max,eff) ###
Use: 5/16'' Fillet Weld, 1.5'' @ 12'' Each Side of Reinf. Bars ###
###
End Welds of Each Reinf. Bar to Member: (assume continuous fillet weld) ###
Fw(total) = 5.98 kips/bar Fw(total) = M(cutoff)/2*12*Ab*yc/Ixc + (Ab/Ac)*ABS(P(total)) ###
a'(min) = 3.00 in./bar a'(min) = 3" (assumed) ###
a'(req'd) = 0.94 in./bar a' = (Fw(total)/((SQRT(2)/2)*0.3*70*w))/2 ###
a'(use) = 3.00 in./bar a'(use) = Max. of: a'(min) or a'(req'd) ###
Lw(total) = 6.00 in./bar Lw(total) = 2*a'(use) (@ each end of bar reinf.) ###
Note: w = w (max,eff) ###
Use: 5/16'' Fillet Weld, 3'' Continuous Each Side of Reinf. Bars @ Ends ###
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18 of 27 04/16/2018 01:41:11
"BMREINF9.xls" Program
Version 2.0
19 of 27 04/16/2018 01:41:11
"BMREINF9.xls" Program
Version 2.0
Lb/rtc =
Check Stresses: fa/Fy =
fbx(residual) =
For Axial Compression: (use Ac for combined section) fbx(added, mem) =
KL/rx = 13.05 KL/rx = Kx*Lx*12/rxc (use rxc for combined section) fbx(pls) =
KL/ry = 59.22 KL/ry = Ky*Ly*12/ryc (use ryc for combined section) fbx(mem) =
KL/r = 59.22 KL/r = Max. of: Kx*Lx*12/rxc or Ky*Ly*12/ryc Is Lb<=Lc?
Cc = #N/A #N/A Is dc/tw<=allow?
fa(residual) = 1.00 ksi fa(residual) = P(residual)/A Is b/t<=65/SQRT(Fy)?
fa(added) = 0.25 ksi fa(added) = (P(total)-P(residual))/Ac (use Ac for combined
Is b/t>95/SQRT(Fy)?
section)
fa = 1.24 ksi fa = fa(residual)+fa(added) Fbx(top) =
Fa = #N/A ksi #N/A Fbx(top) =
Pa = #N/A kips Pa = Fa*Ac (use Ac for combined section) Fbx(top) =
Fbx(top) =
For X-axis Bending: (for combined section) Fbx(top) =
Lc = 10.56 ft. Lc = Min. of: 76*MAX(Bp,bf)/SQRT(Fy)/12 or: 20000/(dc/Afc*Fy)/12 Fbx(top) =
Lu = 27.47 ft. Lu = Max. of: ((20000/(dc/Afc*Fy))/12 or: SQRT(102000/Fy)*rtc/12 Fbx(top) =
Lb/rt = 54.22 Lb/rtc = Lb*12/rtc = unbraced length for bending ratio Use: Fbx(top) =
fbx(residual) = 3.90 ksi fbx(residual) = Mx(residual)*12/Sx Use: Fbx(bot) =
fbx(added) = #N/A ksi #N/A Mrx =
fbx(pls) = #N/A ksi #N/A Y-axis Ben
fbx(mem) = #N/A ksi fbx(top&bot/mem) = fbx(residual)+fbx(added, mem) fby(pls) =
Fbx(top) = 21.60 ksi Fbx(top) = 12000*Cb/(Lb*dc/Afc) <= Qs*0.60*Fy (Eqn. F1-8) fby(mem) =
Fbx(bot) = 21.60 ksi Fbx(bot) = allowable tension bending stress at bottom cover plateFby =
Mrx = #N/A ft-kips #N/A Mry =
Euler Stres
X-axis Euler Stress: (use rxc for combined section) F'ex =
F'ex = 876.78 ksi F'ex = 12*(π)^2*29000/(23*(Kx*Lx*12/rxc)^2) F'ey =
Stress Rat
For Y-axis Bending: (for combined section) At Top of U
fby(pls) = #N/A ksi #N/A S.R. =
fby(mem) = #N/A ksi #N/A S.R. =
Fby = 27.00 ksi Fby = 0.75*Fy (Eqn. F2-1) S.R. =
Mry = #N/A ft-kips #N/A S.R. =
At Top of E
Y-axis Euler Stress: (use ryc for combined section) S.R. =
F'ey = 42.57 ksi F'ey = 12*(π)^2*29000/(23*(Ky*Ly*12/ryc)^2) S.R. =
S.R. =
Stress Ratios: S.R. =
S.R.(top/pl) = #N/A #N/A #N/A At Bottom
S.R.(top/mem) = #N/A #N/A #N/A S.R. =
S.R.(bot/mem) = #N/A #N/A #N/A S.R. =
S.R.(bot/pl) = #N/A #N/A #N/A At Bottom
S.R. =
S.R. =
Weld Desi
Interior We
Fw =
w(min) =
w(max,eff) =
w(use) =
(continued)
20 of 27 04/16/2018 01:41:11
"BMREINF9.xls" Program
Version 2.0
Lw(use) =
Weld Design: Note: w = w
End Welds
Interior Welds of Plate Reinf. to Member: (assume intermittent fillet weld) For Case #1:
Fw = 0.379 kips/in. Fw = Rv*Ap*yp/(2*Ixc) (weld force per inch) Fw(total) =
w(min) = 5/16 in. w(min) = Min. fillet weld size from AISC Table J2.4, page 5-67Lw(end) =
w(max,eff) = 0.5673 in. w(max,eff) = Min. of: (tp or tf)*(0.40*Fy/((SQRT(2)/2)*0.30*70))
a'(min) =
w(use) = 5/16 in. w(use) = w(min) <= 5/16" a'(req'd) =
Lw(min) = 1.500 in./ft. Lw(min) = Max. of: 1.5" or 4*w(min) a'(use) =
Lw(use) = 1.500 in./ft. Lw(use) = Max. of: (Fw*12)/(w*SQRT(2)/2*0.3*70) or Lw(min) Lw(total) =
Note: w = w (use) Note: w = w
Use: 5/16'' Fillet Weld, 1.5'' @ 12'' Each Side of Plates For Case #2:
Fw(total) =
End Welds of Plate Reinf. to Member: (assume continuous fillet weld) Lw(end) =
For Case #1: Weld Across End of Plates a'(min) =
Fw(total) = 86.04 kips Fw(total) = M(cutoff)*12*Ap*yp/Ixc + (Ap/Ac)*ABS(P(total)) a'(req'd) =
Lw(end) = 8.970 in. Lw(end) = Min. of: bf or Bp a'(use) =
a'(min) = 15.000 in. a'(min) = 1.5*Bp, for weld size < 0.75*tp Lw(total) =
a'(req'd) = 4.786 in. a'(req'd) = (Fw(total)/(w*SQRT(2)/2*0.3*70)-Lw(end))/2 Note: w = w
a'(use) = 15.000 in. a'(use) = Max. of: a'(min) or a'(req'd) ###
Lw(total) = 38.970 in. Lw(total) = 2*a'(use)+Lw(end) (@ each end of plate reinf.) (Determini
Note: w = w (use) End Welds
Use: 5/16'' Fillet Weld, 15'' Continuous Each Side of Plates and Across EndsFor Case #1:
Fw1 =
For Case #2: No Weld Across End of Plates Lw(end) =
Fw(total) = 86.04 kips Fw(total) = M(cutoff)*12*Ap*yp/Ixc + (Ap/Ac)*ABS(P(total)) a'(use) =
Lw(end) = 0.000 in. Lw(end) = 0 (assumed) Pw =
a'(min) = 20.000 in. a'(min) = 2*Bp, for no weld across end of plate Mw =
a'(req'd) = 9.271 in. a'(req'd) = (Fw(total)/(w*SQRT(2)/2*0.3*70))/2 Sw(max) =
a'(use) = 20.000 in. a'(use) = Max. of: a'(min) or a'(req'd) Sw(min) =
Lw(total) = 40.000 in. Lw(total) = 2*a'(use) (@ each end of plate) Fw(result) =
Note: w = w (use) w(req'd) =
Use: 5/16'' Fillet Weld, 20'' Continuous Each Side of Plates ###
For Case #2:
Fw1 =
Comments: Lw(end) =
a'(use) =
Pw =
Mw =
Sw =
Fw(result) =
w(req'd) =
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21 of 27 04/16/2018 01:41:11
"BMREINF9.xls" Program
Version 2.0
22 of 27 04/16/2018 01:41:11
"BMREINF9.xls" Program
Version 2.0
fbx(residual) =
Check Stresses: fbx(added, mem) =
fbx(mem) =
For Axial Compression: (use Ac for combined section) fbx(WT's) =
KL/rx = 20.27 KL/rx = Kx*Lx*12/rxc (use rxc for combined section) Is Lb<=Lc?
KL/ry = 29.65 KL/ry = Ky*Ly*12/ryc (use ryc for combined section) Is dc/tw<=allow?
KL/r = 29.65 KL/r = Max. of: Kx*Lx*12/rxc or Ky*Ly*12/ryc Is b/t<=65/SQRT(Fy)?
Cc = #N/A #N/A Is b/t>95/SQRT(Fy)?
fa(residual) = 0.09 ksi fa(residual) = P(residual)/A Fbx(top) =
fa(added) = 0.16 ksi fa(added) = (P(total)-P(residual))/Ac (use Ac for combined section)
Fbx(top) =
fa = 0.25 ksi fa = fa(residual)+fa(added) Fbx(top) =
Fa = #N/A ksi #N/A Fbx(top) =
Pa = #N/A kips Pa = Fa*Ac (use Ac for combined section) Fbx(top) =
Fbx(top) =
For X-axis Bending: (for combined section) Fbx(top) =
Lc = 9.49 ft. Lc = Min. of: 76*bf/SQRT(Fy)/12 or: 20000/(d/Af*Fy)/12 Use: Fbx(top) =
Lu = 11.84 ft. Lu = Max. of: ((20000/(d/Af*Fy))/12 or: SQRT(102000/Fy)*rt/12
Use: Fbx(bot) =
Lb/rt = 62.88 Lb/rt = Lb*12/rt = unbraced length for bending ratio Mrx =
fbx(residual) = 3.41 ksi fbx(residual) = Mx(residual)*12/Sx Euler Stres
fbx(added) = #N/A ksi #N/A F'ex =
fbx(mem) = #N/A ksi fbx(top&bot/mem) = fbx(residual)+fbx(added, mem) Stress Rat
fbx(WT's) = #N/A ksi #N/A At Top Flan
Fbx(top) = 21.31 ksi Fbx(top) = 12000*Cb/(Lb*dc/Af) <= Qs*0.60*Fy (Eqn. F1-8) S.R. =
Fbx(bot) = 21.60 ksi Fbx(bot) = allowable tension bending stress at bottom cover plateS.R. =
Mrx = #N/A ft-kips #N/A S.R. =
S.R. =
X-axis Euler Stress: (use rxc for combined section) At Upper O
F'ex = 363.32 ksi F'ex = 12*(π)^2*29000/(23*(Kx*Lx*12/rxc)^2) S.R. =
S.R. =
Stress Ratios: S.R. =
S.R.(top/mem) = #N/A #N/A #N/A S.R. =
S.R.(top/WT) = #N/A #N/A #N/A At Lower O
S.R.(bot/WT) = #N/A #N/A #N/A S.R. =
S.R.(bot/mem) = #N/A #N/A #N/A S.R. =
At Bottom
S.R. =
S.R. =
Weld Desi
Interior We
Fw =
w(min) =
w(max,eff) =
w(use) =
Lw(min) =
Lw(use) =
Note: w = w
End Welds
Fw(total) =
a'(min) =
(continued)
23 of 27 04/16/2018 01:41:11
"BMREINF9.xls" Program
Version 2.0
a'(use) =
Weld Design: Lw(total) =
Note: w = w
Interior Welds of Plate Reinf. to Member: (assume intermittent fillet weld) ###
Fw = 0.000 kips/in. Fw = Rv*Awt*ywt/(2*Ixc) (weld force per inch) (Determini
w(min) = 3/16 in. w(min) = Min. fillet weld size from AISC Table J2.4, page 5-67 End Welds
w(max,eff) = 0.2133 in. w(max,eff) = Min. of: (tp or tf)*(0.40*Fy/((SQRT(2)/2)*0.30*70)) Fw1 =
w(use) = 3/16 in. w(use) = w(min) <= 5/16" a'(use) =
Lw(min) = 1.500 in./ft. Lw(min) = Max. of: 1.5" or 4*w(min) Pw =
Lw(use) = 1.500 in./ft. Lw(use) = Max. of: (Fw*12)/(w*SQRT(2)/2*0.3*70) or Lw(min) Mw =
Note: w = w (use) Sw =
Use: 3/16'' Fillet Weld, 1.5'' @ 12'' Each Side of Plates Fw(result) =
w(req'd) =
End Welds of WT Reinf. to Member: (assume continuous fillet weld) ###
Fw(total) = 2.70 kips Fw(total) = Mx(cutoff)*12*Awt*ywt/Ixc + (Awt/Ac)*ABS(P(total)) ###
a'(min) = 3.000 in. a'(min) = 2*Lw(use) (assumed) ###
a'(req'd) = 0.486 in. a'(req'd) = (Fw(total)/((SQRT(2)/2)*0.3*70*w))/2 ###
a'(use) = 3.000 in. a'(use) = Max. of: a'(min) or a'(req'd) ###
Lw(total) = 6.000 in. Lw(total) = 2*a(use)' (@ each end of WT reinf.) ###
Note: w = w (use) ###
Use: 3/16'' Fillet Weld, 3'' Continuous Each Side of WT Web @ Ends ###
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24 of 27 04/16/2018 01:41:11
"BMREINF9.xls" Program
Version 2.0
25 of 27 04/16/2018 01:41:11
"BMREINF9.xls" Program
Version 2.0
fbx(residual) =
Check Stresses: fbx(added, mem) =
fbx(mem) =
For Axial Compression: (use Ac for combined section) fbx(WT's) =
KL/rx = 16.86 KL/rx = Kx*Lx*12/rxc (use rxc for combined section) Is Lb<=Lc?
KL/ry = 66.00 KL/ry = Ky*Ly*12/ryc (use ryc for combined section) Is dc/tw<=allow?
KL/r = 66.00 KL/r = Max. of: Kx*Lx*12/rxc or Ky*Ly*12/ryc Is b/t<=65/SQRT(Fy)?
Cc = #N/A #N/A Is b/t>95/SQRT(Fy)?
fa(residual) = 0.09 ksi fa(residual) = P(residual)/A Fbx(top) =
fa(added) = 0.28 ksi fa(added) = (P(total)-P(residual))/Ac (use Ac for combined section)
Fbx(top) =
fa = 0.37 ksi fa = fa(residual)+fa(added) Fbx(top) =
Fa = #N/A ksi #N/A Fbx(top) =
Pa = #N/A kips Pa = Fa*Ac (use Ac for combined section) Fbx(top) =
Fbx(top) =
For X-axis Bending: (for combined section) Fbx(top) =
Lc = 9.49 ft. Lc = Min. of: 76*bf/SQRT(Fy)/12 or: 20000/(d/Af*Fy)/12 Use: Fbx(top) =
Lu = 11.84 ft. Lu = Max. of: ((20000/(d/Af*Fy))/12 or: SQRT(102000/Fy)*rt/12
Use: Fbx(bot) =
Lb/rt = 62.88 Lb/rt = Lb*12/rt = unbraced length for bending ratio Mrx =
fbx(residual) = 3.41 ksi fbx(residual) = Mx(residual)*12/Sx Euler Stres
fbx(added) = #N/A ksi #N/A F'ex =
fbx(mem) = #N/A ksi fbx(top&bot/mem) = fbx(residual)+fbx(added, mem) Stress Rat
fbx(WT's) = #N/A ksi #N/A At Top Flan
Fbx(top) = 21.31 ksi Fbx(top) = 12000*Cb/(Lb*dc/Af) <= Qs*0.60*Fy (Eqn. F1-8) S.R. =
Fbx(bot) = 21.60 ksi Fbx(bot) = allowable tension bending stress at bottom cover plateS.R. =
Mrx = #N/A ft-kips #N/A S.R. =
S.R. =
X-axis Euler Stress: (use rxc for combined section) At Upper O
F'ex = 525.04 ksi F'ex = 12*(π)^2*29000/(23*(Kx*Lx*12/rxc)^2) S.R. =
S.R. =
Stress Ratios: S.R. =
S.R.(top/mem) = #N/A #N/A #N/A S.R. =
S.R.(top/WT) = #N/A #N/A #N/A At Lower O
S.R.(bot/WT) = #N/A #N/A #N/A S.R. =
S.R.(bot/mem) = #N/A #N/A #N/A S.R. =
At Bottom
S.R. =
S.R. =
Weld Desi
Interior We
Fw =
w(min) =
w(max,eff) =
w(use) =
Lw(min) =
Lw(use) =
Note: w = w
End Welds
For Case #1:
Fw(total) =
(continued)
26 of 27 04/16/2018 01:41:11
"BMREINF9.xls" Program
Version 2.0
a'(min) =
Weld Design: a'(req'd) =
a'(use) =
Interior Welds of WT Reinf. to Member: (assume intermittent fillet weld) Lw(total) =
Fw = 0.000 kips/in. Fw = Rv*Awt*ywt/(2*Ixc) (weld force per inch) Note: w = w
w(min) = 3/16 in. w(min) = Min. fillet weld size from AISC Table J2.4, page 5-67
For Case #2:
w(max,eff) = 0.3249 in. w(max,eff) = Min. of: (tp or tf)*(0.40*Fy/((SQRT(2)/2)*0.30*70))
Fw(total) =
w(use) = 3/16 in. w(use) = w(min) <= 5/16" Lw(end) =
Lw(min) = 1.500 in./ft. Lw(min) = Max. of: 1.5" or 4*w(min) a'(min) =
Lw(use) = 1.500 in./ft. Lw(use) = Max. of: (Fw*12)/(w*SQRT(2)/2*0.3*70) or Lw(min) a'(req'd) =
Note: w = w (use) a'(use) =
Use: 3/16'' Fillet Weld, 1.5'' @ 12'' Each Side of Plates Lw(total) =
Note: w = w
End Welds of WT Reinf. to Member: (assume continuous fillet weld) ###
For Case #1: Weld Across End of WT Reinf. (Determini
Fw(total) = 1.12 kips Fw(total) = Mx(cutoff)*12*Awt*ywt/Ixc + (Awt/Ac)*ABS(P(total)) End Welds
Lw(end) = 5.000 in. Lw(end) = bfwt For Case #1:
a'(min) = 5.000 in. a'(min) = bfwt, for weld size >= 0.75*tfwt Fw1 =
a'(req'd) = 0.000 in. a'(req'd) = (Fw(total)/(w*SQRT(2)/2*0.3*70)-Lw(end))/2 Lw(end) =
a'(use) = 5.000 in. a'(use) = Max. of: a'(min) or a'(req'd) a'(use) =
Lw(total) = 15.000 in. Lw(total) = 2*a'(use)+Lw(end) (@ each end of WT reinf.) Pw =
Note: w = w (use) Mw =
Use: 3/16'' Fillet Weld, 5'' Continuous Each Side of Plates and Across Ends Sw(max) =
Sw(min) =
For Case #2: No Weld Across End of WT Reinf. Fw(result) =
Fw(total) = 1.12 kips Fw(total) = Mx(cutoff)*12*Awt*ywt/Ixc + (Awt/Ac)*ABS(P(total))w(req'd) =
Lw(end) = 0.000 in. Lw(end) = 0 (assumed) ###
a'(min) = 10.000 in. a'(min) = 2*bfwt, for no weld across end of WT reinf. For Case #2:
a'(req'd) = 0.202 in. a'(req'd) = (Fw(total)/(w*SQRT(2)/2*0.3*70))/2 Fw1 =
a'(use) = 10.000 in. a'(use) = Max. of: a'(min) or a'(req'd) Lw(end) =
Lw(total) = 20.000 in. Lw(total) = 2*a'(use) (@ each end of WT reinf.) a'(use) =
Note: w = w (use) Pw =
Use: 3/16'' Fillet Weld, 10'' Continuous Each Side of Plates Mw =
Sw =
Fw(result) =
Comments: w(req'd) =
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27 of 27 04/16/2018 01:41:11