Assessment – A conceptual framework for assessment / research

There are four main divisions in assessment / research:

Evaluation
Quantitative
Qualitative
Review

Evaluation
Evaluation can be of policy, initiatives or interventions and can be formative or
summative in nature. An evaluation may utilise both sub categories of assessment /
research, Qualitative and Quantitative. In terms of assessment interventions (or
instruments) evaluations allow you to assess the instruments themselves.

Quantitative Research, a definition –

The use of structured questions where the response options have been
predetermined and a large number of respondents is involved.

This approach can be sub categorised into the following discrete types of
assessment:
Descriptive (non-experimental)
Quantitative - Quasi-Experimental
(A quasi-experiment can allocate some treatment, to part of a population, but not
another, but without any kind of randomisation. It is obviously not as good as a real
experiment from a theoretical standpoint, since you can never be sure that the groups
have not been assigned according to some more or less systematic plan. The classic in
this was the Lanarkshire milk experiment, supposed to observe the effect of free milk on
children’s growth, where the teachers scuppered the project by giving the milk to the
children who needed it most)
Quantitative - Experimental
(An experiment compares two (or more) programmes of instruction, schools etc,
individuals are randomly assigned to one or other arm of a study, and the results
compared at the end.)
Nota Bene: Experiments and even quasi-experiments can be difficult to set up and
one may be tempted to use pre-existing groups and compare their performance. This
is an ex post facto design. However ex post facto designs have the problem that the
groups involved may be intrinsically different. So some pupils might attend grammar
schools and some comprehensives, and if on the whole pupils in the grammar
schools did better, than it could be suggested that this was due to differences in
attainment at entry. If we have information on such type of factor (e.g. achievement
at entry), and can make allowance for it statistically

Qualitative research, a definition -

Collecting, analyzing, and interpreting data by observing what people do and say –
useful at the beginning of a research project to establish the status quo - (can be needed to
explain findings in Quantitative research)

Quantitative or Qualitative

The distinctions between the two approaches are shown in the comparative table
below:
Quantitative Qualitative
Objective Subjective
Research questions: How many? Strength of Research questions: What? Why?
association?

"Hard" science "Soft" science

Literature review must be done early in study Literature review may be done as study
progresses or afterwards

Test theory Develops theory

One reality: focus is concise and narrow Multiple realities: focus is complex and broad

Facts are value-free and unbiased Facts are value-laden and biased
Reduction, control, precision Discovery, description, understanding, shared
interpretation

Measurable Interpretive
Mechanistic: parts equal the whole Organismic: whole is greater than the parts
Report statistical analysis. Report rich narrative, individual; interpretation.
Basic element of analysis is words/ideas.

Basic element of analysis is numbers

Researcher is separate Researcher is part of process
Subjects Participants
Context free Context dependent
Hypothesis Research questions
Reasoning is logistic and deductive Reasoning is dialectic and inductive
Establishes relationships, causation Describes meaning, discovery
Uses instruments Uses communications and observation
Strives for generalization Strives for uniqueness
Generalizations leading to prediction, explanation, and Patterns and theories developed for
understanding understanding

Highly controlled setting: experimental setting (outcome Flexible approach: natural setting (process
oriented) oriented)

Sample size: n Sample size is not a concern; seeks "informal

rich" sample

"Counts the beans" Provides information as to "which beans are worth

counting"

For each of these sub categories there are different approaches. It should be
remembered that these approaches to assessment are often used in association
with each other rather than in isolation. Each has its own data collection and data
analysis methods. It is, therefore, imperative to define at the outset what the final
outcome (or report) requires as proof and then determine, in reverse, what data
collection method will allow that analysis to take place. This in turn will determine the
approach (or combination of approaches). The data gathering instruments, or
“assessments” can then be constructed to best deliver the required data. Open the
embedded PDF spreadsheet (fig1) for greater detail on the different approaches

In educational terms the construct of the assessment instrument must be broad

enough in its coverage of the curriculum, have a range of difficulty in its questions,
have validity – face, construct etc, be reliable and comparable over time.

Figure 2, flow diagram ,shows the relationships between the assessment approach
and the analyses that follow from the data collected. The outcomes can be used
either in a formative or a summative manner depending on the construct of the test.

Figure 3 depicts the end-to-end process of developing and delivering both

quantitative and qualitative assessments.

Figure 1: Assessment approaches

Figure 2: Approaches and their analyses as used in the NFER
A comparison of the development of Quantitative and Qualitative assessments / research
Quantitative Assessment
Top Level Processes
“ITT” formulated and agreed or
received from Client
Initial "appropriateness" review of ITT
(is it worth considering)
Revise CRM information / Update
"Tenders" segment of Information
D'base
Assign ITT owner
Enter project data detail incl
dissemination process decision*
Review ITT
Input “Checkpoint dates” into Project PHR
Highlight Report (Pre-delivery stage)
Prepare document structure and
standard text templates
Set up Document Management
system files and assign rights
Health and safety review
Project Risk assessment
Compile standard text entries
Write Technical response
Prepare costings
Data Services costs (total includes
O'head and staff costs)
Statistical analysis costs given in
"ave" statistician days)
Dissemination Freelance and
Print/publishing costs
O'head costs including
Communications costs - where
appropriate
Staff costs
Dept Staff time alloc
Produce schedules / Timetable
Produce response to ITT / Proposal
Peer review
Stakeholder review
Decision to proceed
Authorisation to submit response to
Client
Submit response
Update CRM database
Produce project Board Paper /
Project Outline (Board Paper without the
Finances)
Produce Board Paper (for Research
Development Fund approval
Update Proj Info System
Contract pitch & negotiations
Client agrees project – or
- Proposal unsuccessful
If unsuccessful - Client debriefing to
establish criteria
Update Proj Info System with
reasons
Inform stakeholders
Client signs / Supplier receives
Contract
Throughout the DELIVERY stage any Agreed response to tender
change to the specification of any
element must have an Impact
Analysis and must be agreed with
the impacted parties - Project
Governance - and will be reported on
the Project Highlight Report
Notify Finance with Profiled Budget Contract Costing calculations to
Update Proj Info System
Project Team meeting
Confirm Requirements to DTP,
Statistical Analysis, Data Services, detailed in the final contract /
Communications
Notify non-print requirements,
delivery and archiving Requirements detailed in the final contract /
to Facilities (changes from must
have been notified through Change
Control)
Review / Complete Project
Origination Documentation (project
form)
Tests Specification
Early development (Text Selection)
Writers Meeting
Item Writing
Develop mark scheme
Items entered by DTP
Informal Trialing
Internal Review Meetings
Expert review
Teacher Panel
(Clients') Review Meetings
Items Revised
Specify Sample for Data Services
Sample Agreed
Specify Tests
DTP Produce Tests
Other related materials - instructions Templates - instructions, manuals
Questionnaires, instruments etc
produced
Materials to Team
Team Reviews
Draft the coding frame
Print Authorisation
Confirmation of non-print
requirements, delivery and archiving
Requirements to Facilities (changes
from earlier process must have been
notified through Change Control
Print test materials
Accept print materials ready for
despatch
Despatch tests
Write Analysis Specification
Analysis Specification for Stats
Approve Data entry Set-up
Testing period
Tests returned
Marker training
Mark & coding schemes Reviewed
Marking
Data entry
Data Preparation
Analysis
Write technical report - appendix
Consolidate the report
Internal Review
Expert review
Teacher Panel
(Clients') Review Meetings
Report to Client
Specify Sample (to RDS)
Sample Agreed
Specify Tests
DTP Produce Tests
Other related materials - instructions Templates - instructions, manuals
Questionnaires, instruments etc
produced
Materials to Team
Team Reviews
Print Authorisation
Confirmation of delivery and archiving Print Authorisation update in Proj
Requirements to Facilities (changes Mgmgnt system
from earlier process must have been
notified through Change Control
Print test materials
Accept print materials ready for
despatch
Despatch tests
Write Analysis Specification
Analysis Specification for Stats
Approve Data entry Set-up
Testing period
Tests returned
Mark & coding schemes Reviewed
Marker training
Marking
Data entry
Data Preparation
Analysis
Write technical report - appendix
Consolidate the report
Internal Review
Report to Client
Clients Review Meeting(s) - possibly Final Client report
iterative
Review dissemination decision
Prepare Final Materials
Finalise mark Schemes
Hand Over to Client
Write standards report
Standard Setting Meeting
Write Research summary - includes
"Key points"
Report to Client
Figure 3: A comparison of the development of Quantitative and Qualitative
assessments / research at the NFER
Documentation / information
dependencies - input into the
process
ITT or Draft ITT
Final ITT
Entry fields from CRM (BDG) project Entry into CCRD & Updated CRM &
requirements - TBA "Tenders" segment of Information
D'base
ITT Updated PIO Tenders database table
ITT
ITT
Style guide
Doc Mgmnt guide
H&S Policy
Risk Policy
CVs & other standing texts including
dissemination text
Text files supplied by contributory
Specialist Services
Departmental costings supplied in
response to ITT owners request for
services
O'head, staff costs
O'head, staff costs
Dissemination methods & Project specific profiled costings
specification, Print cost matrix
Fixed costs and overhead allocations NONE
Staff rates by Grade
Current resource allocations
ITT / Draft response to ITT, specialist Project schedule including
services sub-process schedules
ITT / Draft response to ITT, specialist Proposed Response to Client - incl
services sub-process schedules
Proposed Response to Client
Proposed Response to Client
NONE
Final proposed Response to Tender - Agreed response to tender
including final agreement from
Stakeholders to amendments made
where there is an impact
Agreed response to tender Authorisation
Agreed response to tender
Agreed response to tender
Agreed response to tender
Agreed response to tender, Board
paper template
Agreed response to tender
NONE
Original Invitation to Tender & Agreed
response to tender
Client criteria & Original Invitation to
Tender & Agreed response to tender
Client criteria - Decision on awarding
the contract
Agreed response to tender
Letter of intent or Contract - Letter /
email
Decision on awarding the contract
contract
NONE
match Clients requirements, a
profiled budget for Finance
Letter of intent or Contract - Letter /
email
Agreed response to tender and
contract synopsis - Profiled budget
Final agreed requirements as
response
Final agreed requirements as
response
Agreed response to tender and
contract synopsis - Profiled budget -
Final agreed requirements as
detailed in the final contract /
response & agreed specifications
Specification template
Project specific Specification
Item specification - Text maps (Eng)
Item specification - Text maps (Eng)
Items
Item specification
DTP'd items in dummy tests
Item performance in trials report
Items & Performance report for client
review
Items & Performance report for client
review
Draft Performance report for client
review
Agreed items for inclusion in pre-test
1 - with amendments
NONE
Specification template
Sample specification
Specification template
Test specification
etc
Printed materials or digital files
Compiled and produced test
Mark scheme
Agreed Test instrument
Print Authorisation update in Proj
Mgmgnt system
NONE
Print specification, print authorisation Printed materials
and DTP'd test instrument
Printed materials
List of schools involved in the tril -
addresses, contacts
Specification Templates
Analysis specification
Analysis specification
NONE
NONE
Batches of pre-test 1 answer
booklets
Draft Mark and coding schemes
Approved mark scheme - scripts
Raw marks
Raw data
NONE
Prepared Data files - Templates
Draft analysis - Templates
NONE
Draft analysis - Templates
Draft report - Level or standards
setting report for National Curriculum
tests
Items & Performance report for client
review
Items & Performance report for client
review
Draft Performance report for client
review
Final report
NONE
Specification template
Sample specification
Specification template
Test specification
etc
Printed materials or digital files
Compiled and produced test
Agreed Test instrument
NONE
Print specification, print authorisation Printed materials
and DTP'd test instrument
Printed materials
List of schools involved in the tril -
addresses, contacts
Specification Templates
Analysis specification
Analysis specification
NONE
NONE
Draft Mark and coding schemes
Batches of pre-test 2 answer
booklets
Approved mark scheme - scripts
Raw marks
Raw data
NONE
Prepared Data files - Templates
Draft analysis - Templates
NONE
Draft analysis - Templates
Draft report - Level or standards
setting report for National Curriculum
tests
Final report
NONE
Proj Info System PHR detail on
dissemination process decision*
Reviewed Client report - Actions for
the Actions log
Pre-test 1&2 reviewed markschemes
Final assessment materials
Final materials, final mark scheme
Outcomes of Pre-test 2, Anchor test Draft Standards report
reports, Draft report - Level or
standards setting report for National
Curriculum tests & PREVIOUS
YEARS REPORTS
Draft Standards report Final Standards Report
Final Client Report
Report Template
"Documentation" or output from
the process
Final ITT
Decision to proceed
Updated "Proj mgmnt system" with
auto Dissemination spc for auto
costings from stndard print cost table
NONE
Updated PHR & schedules
Skeleton ITT response document
Correctly structured Doc Mgmnt
system file with correct access
permissions
report
report
Current data included in updated ITT
response
Updated ITT
Costing calculations to match Clients
requirements, an Updated ITT a
profiled budget for Finance
Project specific profiled costings
Project specific profiled costings
NONE
calenderised projected staff
deployment for resource planning and
management reporting
Checkpoints & product delivery to
clients as a minimum
Annotated comments on Response
to Tender
Annotated comments on Response
to Tender - impact analysis of
alternatives agreed & supplied
NONE
NONE
Updated CRM database
Project Board Paper (report on
projects won) and Project Outline
(Board Paper - financials)
Board paper for RDF approval
Updated "Proj mgmnt system" and
"DTP / P rint specifications
NONE
Updated Response to tender
Letter of intent or Contract
Letter / email
Updated CRM database - updated
Proj mgmnt system d'base - Lesson
learnt report - updated Actions Log
Updated "Proj mgmnt system" and
"DTP / Print specifications
Notice of contract status - awarded /
lost
Scanned parts of contract - or
physical storage of contract
NONE
Request for change - impact analysis
Profiled budget for accounts - auto
compiled from the input to the ITT
Updated "Proj mgmnt system"
NONE
Agreed specification
Agreed specification
Updated documents where
necessary, Change Control with
impact analysis where necessary
(others impacted)
Project specific Specification
Item specification - Text maps (Eng)
NONE
Draft Items (Eng internal) (Maths /
Science external)
Draft item level marking scheme
DTP'd items in dummy tests
Item performance in trials report
Draft Performance report for client
review
Draft Performance report for client
review
Performance report for client review
Agreed items for inclusion in pre-test
1 - with amendments
Final items for inclusion in pre-test 1
NONE
Sample specification - Draft
Agreed specification
Test specification
DTP'd test instruments
Finished "related materials"
NONE
Agreed Test instrument
Draft Coding Framework
Print Authorisation update in Proj
Mgmgnt system
NONE
NONE
Despatch authorisation update in
Proj Mgmnt system
Despatch notes
Draft specification
Agreed specification
Updated information
NONE
completed answer books
Trained markers
Revised mark and coding scheme
Raw marks
Raw data
Prepared Data files
NONE
Draft analysis
Draft technical appendix
NONE
Draft report - Level or standards
setting report for National Curriculum
tests
Final first pre test report
Draft Performance report for client
review
Performance report for client review
Agreed items for inclusion in pre-test
1 - with amendments
Final Client report
NONE
Sample specification - Draft
Agreed specification
Test specification
DTP'd test instruments
Finished "related materials"
NONE
Agreed Test instrument
Print Authorisation update in Proj
Mgmgnt system
NONE
NONE
Despatch authorisation update in
Proj Mgmnt system
Despatch notes
Draft specification
Agreed specification
Updated information
NONE
completed answer books
Revised mark and coding scheme
Trained markers
Raw marks
Raw data
Prepared Data files
NONE
Draft analysis
Draft technical appendix
NONE
Draft report - Level or standards
setting report for National Curriculum
tests
Final report
Final Client report
NONE
Reviewed Client report - Actions for
the Actions log
Enter updated PHR detail on
dissemination - auto inform CMIS
Final assessment materials - to
meet Client requirements
- Final Mark Scheme - to meet Client
requirements
NONE
Research summary and Key Points
Final Client report
Quantitative Assessment
Top Level Processes - greyed
out entries common with
Quantitative Assessment
“ITT” formulated and agreed or
received from Client
Initial "appropriateness" review of ITT
(is it worth considering)
Revise CRM information / Update
"Tenders" segment of Information
D'base
Assign ITT owner
Enter project data detail incl
dissemination process decision*
Review ITT
Input “Checkpoint dates” into Project PHR
Highlight Report (Pre-delivery stage)
Prepare document structure and
standard text templates
Set up Document Management
system files and assign rights
Set up Document Management
system files and assign rights
Set up Document Management
system files and assign rights
Set up Document Management
system files and assign rights
Set up Document Management
system files and assign rights
Set up Document Management
system files and assign rights
Set up Document Management
system files and assign rights
Set up Document Management
system files and assign rights
Set up Document Management
system files and assign rights
Set up Document Management
system files and assign rights
Set up Document Management
system files and assign rights
Set up Document Management
system files and assign rights
Set up Document Management
system files and assign rights
Set up Document Management
system files and assign rights
Set up Document Management
system files and assign rights
Set up Document Management
system files and assign rights
Decision to proceed
Authorisation to submit response to
Client
Submit response
Update CRM database
Produce project Board Paper /
Project Outline (Board Paper without the
Finances)
Produce Board Paper (for Research
Development Fund approval
Update Proj Info System
Contract pitch & negotiations
Client agrees project – or
- Proposal unsuccessful
If unsuccessful - Client debriefing to
establish criteria
Update Proj Info System with
reasons
Inform stakeholders
Client signs / Supplier receives
Contract
Throughout the DELIVERY stage any Agreed response to tender
change to the specification of any
element must have an Impact
Analysis and must be agreed with
the impacted parties - Project
Governance - and will be reported on
the Project Highlight Report
Notify Finance with Profiled Budget Contract Costing calculations to
Update Proj Info System
Project Team meeting
Confirm Requirements to DTP,
Statistical Analysis, Data Services, detailed in the final contract /
Communications
Notify non-print requirements,
delivery and archiving Requirements detailed in the final contract /
to Facilities (changes from must
have been notified through Change
Control)
Review / Complete Project
Origination Documentation (project
form)
Select/specify Sample
Write Interview Schedule (Prompts )
Interview schedule (prompts) peer
review
Interview schedule (prompts) revised
Instrument produced
Interview schedule / prompts agreed
by client
Inform RDS of subjects used
Timetables (Schedules etc) produced contract timetable
/reviewed
Contact subjects & arrange visits Planned range of dates for fieldowork Updated timetable of fieldworker
Fieldworkers meeting DTP'd instrument
Fieldwork visits
Write up fieldwork notes
Agree report structure
analysis
Synthesis
Write report
Internal Review
Draft Report to Client
Can go straight to "Finalisation" if NONE
no Quantitative element
Speci fy Sample (to RDS)
Questionnaire writing (Design)
Questionnaire peer review including
Focus groups , cognitive interviewing questionairre
Questionnaire revised
Questionnaire DTP’d
Questionnaire peer / RDS review,
including Focus groups , cognitive
interviewing
Questionnaire Revised
Client agreement to Questionairre
Produce final DTP’d Questionnaire for Draft Instrument and amendments
relevant media mechanisms
Print Authorisation
Confirmation of non-print
requirements, delivery and archiving
Requirements to Facilities (changes
from earlier process must have been
notified through Change Control
Print questionnaire or produce
relevant delivery mechanism
Despatch questionnaires or make live List of establishments involved -
Write Analysis Specification
Analysis Specification agreed with
Stats
Approve Data entry Set-up
Survey period
Questionnaires / data returned
Coding
Data entry or "Pulsetrain"!
Data Preparation
Analysis
Write technical report - appendix
Consolidate the Quantitative report,
where appropriate
Internal Review
Draft Report to Client
Clients Review Meeting
Review dissemination decision
Prepare Final fully consolidated
report
Write Research summary - includes
"Key points"
Report to Client
Documentation / information
dependencies - input into the
process
ITT or Draft ITT
Final ITT
Entry fields from CRM (BDG) project Entry into CCRD & Updated CRM &
requirements - TBA "Tenders" segment of Information
D'base
ITT Updated PIO Tenders database table
ITT
ITT
Style guide
Doc Mgmnt guide
H&S Policy
Risk Policy
CVs & other standing texts including
dissemination text
Text files supplied by contributory
Specialist Services
Departmental costings supplied in
response to ITT owners request for
services
O'head, staff costs
O'head, staff costs
Dissemination methods & Project specific profiled costings
specification, Print cost matrix
Fixed costs and overhead allocations NONE
Staff rates by Grade
Current resource allocations
ITT / Draft response to ITT, specialist Project schedule including
services sub-process schedules
ITT / Draft response to ITT, specialist Proposed Response to Client - incl
services sub-process schedules
Proposed Response to Client
Proposed Response to Client
NONE
Final proposed Response to Tender - Agreed response to tender
including final agreement from
Stakeholders to amendments made
where there is an impact
Agreed response to tender Authorisation
Agreed response to tender
Agreed response to tender
Agreed response to tender
Agreed response to tender, Board
paper template
Agreed response to tender
NONE
Original Invitation to Tender & Agreed
response to tender
Client criteria & Original Invitation to
Tender & Agreed response to tender
Client criteria - Decision on awarding
the contract
Agreed response to tender
Letter of intent or Contract - Letter /
email
Decision on awarding the contract
contract
NONE
match Clients requirements, a
profiled budget for Finance
Letter of intent or Contract - Letter /
email
Agreed response to tender and
contract synopsis - Profiled budget
Final agreed requirements as
response
Final agreed requirements as
response
Agreed response to tender and
contract synopsis - Profiled budget -
Final agreed requirements as
detailed in the final contract /
response & agreed specifications
Specification template
NONE
Project specific instrument
Project specific instrument
Project specific instrument amended Digital version of the instrument
Project specific instrument amended Agreed interview schedule / prompts
Agreed Sample specification
Planned range of dates for fieldwork
visits
NONE
DTP'd instrument
Draft interview / observation notes,
recordings etc
Contractural requirements -
Fieldworker report
Fieldworker's reports
Fieldworker reports - and digital
materials, literature reviews etc
Synthesis, report Templates - where
appropriate
Draft report
Agreed Draft report
Specification template
Questionairre template where
appropriate
Project specific designed
Project specific designed
questionairre
Instrument specification
DTP'd items in draft instrument
DTP'd items in draft instrument
Project specific instrument amended Agreed Questionairre
Agreed instrument
Print Authorisation update in Proj
Mgmgnt system
Print specification, print authorisation Printed materials
and DTP'd test instrument
addresses, contacts
Specification Templates
Analysis specification
Analysis specification
NONE
NONE
Raw dat a files
Raw marks
Raw data
Prepared Data files - Templates
Draft analysis - Templates
Draft analysis - Templates - draft
Technical appendix
Draft report
Agreed Draft report
NONE
Agreed Draft report
Proj Info System PHR detail on
dissemination process decision*
Draft reports incl client comments
Final Client Report
Report Template
"Documentation" or output from
the process
Final ITT
Decision to proceed
Updated "Proj mgmnt system" with
auto Dissemination spc for auto
costings from stndard print cost table
NONE
Updated PHR & schedules
Skeleton ITT response document
Correctly structured Doc Mgmnt
system file with correct access
permissions
report
report
Current data included in updated ITT
response
Updated ITT
Costing calculations to match Clients
requirements, an Updated ITT a
profiled budget for Finance
Project specific profiled costings
Project specific profiled costings
NONE
calenderised projected staff
deployment for resource planning and
management reporting
Checkpoints & product delivery to
clients as a minimum
Annotated comments on Response
to Tender
Annotated comments on Response
to Tender - impact analysis of
alternatives agreed & supplied
NONE
NONE
Updated CRM database
Project Board Paper (report on
projects won) and Project Outline
(Board Paper - financials)
Board paper for RDF approval
Updated "Proj mgmnt system" and
"DTP / Print specifications
NONE
Updated Response to tender
Letter of intent or Contract
Letter / email
Updated CRM database - updated
Proj mgmnt system d'base - Lesson
learnt report - updated Actions Log
Updated "Proj mgmnt system" and
"DTP / Print specifications
Notice of contract status - awarded /
lost
Scanned parts of contract - or
physical storage of contract
NONE
Reques t for change - impact analysis
Profiled budget for accounts - auto
compiled from the input to the ITT
Updated "Proj mgmnt system"
NONE
Agreed specification
Agreed specification
Updated documents where
necessary, Change Control with
impact analysis where necessary
(others impacted)
Sample specification - Draft
Project specific instrument
Amendments to be made to the
instrument
Project specific instrument amended
Notiification
Draft interview / observation notes,
recordings etc
Fieldworker report
Report structure
Technical analysis
compiled materials
Draft report
Agreed Draft report
NONE
NONE
Sample specification -
Project specific designed
questionairre
Amendments to be made to the
instrument
Project specific instrument amended
DTP'd items in draft instrument
Amendments to be made to the
instrument
Project specific instrument amended
Final CRC instrument
Print Authorisation update in Proj
Mgmgnt system
NONE
Despatch notes
Draft specification
Agreed specification
Updated i nformation
NONE
NONE
Coded data files
Raw data
Prepared Data files
Draft analysis
Draft technical appendix
Draft report
Agreed Draft report
NONE
NONE
Reviewed Client report - Actions for
the Actions log
Enter updated PHR detail on
dissemination - auto inform
Communications
Final report
Research summary and Key Points
Final Client report