National Association for the Advancement of Indigenous People

Date: April 16, 2018

To: Governor Rick Snyder

Governor, State of Michigan

Re: New Information,

http://research.wayne.edu/news/research-presents-new-information-about-flint-water-crisis-29105

Halito chim achukma (Greetings) Governor Snyder;

We appreciate your acceptance of this communication.

Since my first communication 16 months ago, much has been accomplished under the states’ direction. Unfortunately I
am not here to engage in dialog of successful work done. My mission concerns much work to be done; frightening
humanitarian work to be done.

Due to time passing and the possibility that our first communication was mis-placed upon arriving at your office, I will
make new my introduction. I am Tushkahumoc Xelup, Director of the National Association for the Advancement of
Indigenous Peoples International (NAAIPi). NAAIPi is a United Nations registered IPO and ECOSOC member, and we
are currently established in new office locations in Detroit and Flint, Michigan. NAAIPi provides plenary protections
for many tribal members throughout the state of Michigan. I am here to address a new and unfolding crisis of enormous
importance to all the residents of Flint; past and current.

New reports state that people who lived in Flint during the years from 2012 until 2015 are infected with Legionella
bacteria; according to a new report from Wayne State University - Office of the Vice President for Research, all
residents who ingested water during the toxic flow are now infected with the Legionella Bacteria. We believe an
analysis and conclusion of such magnitude should have become public notice as soon as the report was made, but to our
understanding from random polling in the community, no one, not one member of the Flint population is aware of this
most damaging warning and revealing report.

To forego any prolonged delays in providing public notice of the existing health risk. On February 27, 2018, notice was
hand delivered to Mayor Karen Weaver, and the City Council’ office for the city of Flint’ Municipal Government, and
to this date, no response has come forward.

The current human rights catastrophe, which has been implemented upon the unknowing people of Flint, must be
engage by representatives from the state, for the purpose of establishing community based health monitoring
committees, to assist in providing information and to aid in reporting the severity of issues, and make known the health
care provisions in place for those infected and ‘affected after infection methods are found. We believe such an effort
should be made without delay, and such programs should be developed to ensure that the people infected are treated
effectively and immediately.

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The people infected need transparency of truth and information and they have a right to have solid assurance from
government that the damage done to them by their elected officials is treated as real life threatening issues, which must
be addressed. According to the CDC’s report, which is attached, it states that Legionella Bacteria is actually from a
pathogen (PARASITE). We have also found that the parasite can be removed from the body, thus allowing the body to
begin a healing process. We are concerned that these informations are intentionally being kept from the people of Flint,
and if such claims are true, this would become a genocidal issue, long and short term. We are seeking an immediate
forum to initiate and develop health and clean water “awareness campaigns”. Directives of these forums should address
immediate plans to assess both the mental and physical health conditions of all the people from the infected area.

Please review the attached report, and please do not delay in alerting not only the people living in Flint now, but the
people who migrated from the Flint area due to the poisoning of the water system. Since establishing office in the Flint
area we have witnessed many of our members becoming sickly, and mentally degenerated, and now with this new
report we are no longer wondering what the problems are; we know.

A prompt response is required

Contact NAAIPi at 857 990-8319

Tushkahumoc@gmail.com
www.naaipi.com
May your day conclude with Peace, Harmony and Balance.

Respectfully,

Hemoc Xelup
Director, NAAIPi

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 ATTACHED FROM WAYNE STATE UNIVERSITY ONLINE

NEW REPORT
Materials provided by Wayne State University - Office of the Vice President for Research

http://research.wayne.edu/news/research-presents-new-information-about-flint-water-crisis-29105

Date:
February 5, 2018
Source:
Wayne State University - Office of the Vice President for Research
Summary:
The Flint Area Community Health and Environment Partnership research team found that the majority of
Legionnaires' disease cases that occurred during the 2014-15 outbreak in Genesee County, Mich., can be
attributed to the change in of the City of Flint's drinking water supply to the Flint River. The researchers also
found that the specific strain of Legionella isolated from Flint residences as part of FACHEP's sampling in
2016 is not readily detected by common diagnostic tests for Legionella.
Share:
FULL STORY

Based on a detailed statistical analysis of multiple datasets, the Flint Area Community Health and Environment
Partnership (FACHEP) research team found that the majority of Legionnaires' disease cases that occurred during the
2014-15 outbreak in Genesee County, Michigan, can be attributed to the change in of the City of Flint's drinking
water supply to the Flint River. The researchers also found that the specific strain of Legionella isolated from Flint
residences as part of FACHEP's sampling in 2016 is not readily detected by common diagnostic tests for Legionella.
These conclusions are part of two peer-reviewed scientific reports authored by FACHEP and recently published in
the academic journals Proceedings of the National Academy of Science (PNAS) and mBio.

The researchers conducted an exhaustive analysis of data on Legionnaires' cases in Genesee, Wayne and Oakland
Counties from 2011 to 2016. FACHEP researchers determined that in 2014-15 there was an increase in the risk of
acquiring Legionnaires' disease across the Flint water distribution system that is consistent with a systemwide
proliferation of Legionella bacteria. An estimated 80 percent of Legionnaires' cases during this period are attributable
to the change in water supply, according to the article in PNAS.

"During the period when their water was supplied from the Flint River, Flint residents were seven times more likely
to develop Legionnaires' disease," said lead author Sammy Zahran, professor of economics at Colorado State
University. "After public announcements urging residents to boil their water, there was a lower risk of developing the
disease, likely because people avoided using their water."

Data indicate that the Legionnaires' outbreak at a local hospital alone could not account for the increase in
Legionnaires' disease cases that occurred in Flint during the water crisis.

"Our study shows that during the water crisis, the risk of a Flint resident having Legionnaires' disease increased as
the amount of free chlorine in their water decreased," said Shawn McElmurry, associate professor of civil and
environmental engineering at Wayne State University and the FACHEP principal investigator. "Since municipalities
typically evaluate the risk of waterborne illnesses by measuring free chlorine, a better understanding of how chlorine
is deactivated can inform future water management policies and practices."

Chlorine is a chemical that is routinely added to drinking water to kill microbes.

During the water crisis, the likelihood of Legionnaires' disease occurring in communities adjacent to Flint also
increased, probably due to the number of people who commuted into Flint.

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The analysis also suggested that chlorine residual levels recommended by regulatory agencies (0.2 or 0.5 parts per
million) may not be sufficient to protect communities from Legionella pneumophila exposure when water quality
conditions are such that they support strong Legionella pneumophila growth. These were the conditions in Flint
during and immediately after the water change.

After the city returned to the Lake Huron water source supplied by the Great Lakes Water Authority, the risk of a
Flint neighborhood presenting with Legionnaires' disease retreated to historically normal levels.

From a random sampling of water from approximately 130 Flint households in fall 2016, after return to the Lake
Huron water source, Legionella bacteria were isolated from 12 percent of homes surveyed. This frequency was
similar to findings from residences in neighboring areas.

While Legionnaires' disease is typically associated with Legionella pneumophila strains classified as "serogroup 1,"
the majority (16 out of 18) of strains isolated from Flint residences were closely related serogroup 6 Legionella
pneumophila strains, according to the article published in mBio. In the United States and Europe, more than 90
percent of Legionnaires' disease cases are diagnosed using a urine test that readily detects serogroup 1, but not
serogroup 6 or other serogroups of Legionella bacteria.

"In laboratory tests of disease risk, the serogroup 6 strain isolated from Flint and Detroit homes resembled the
serogroup 1 bacteria obtained from Legionnaires' disease patients in Southeast Michigan," said Michele Swanson,
professor of microbiology and immunology at the University of Michigan Medical School and senior author of the
mBio article. The strains obtained from Flint and Detroit residences are similar to bacteria isolated from
Legionnaires' disease patients in other countries, as judged by their genetic fingerprint.

One Legionella pneumophila strain isolated from a Flint residence is genetically similar to the serogroup 1 bacteria
obtained from Legionnaires' disease patients in Southeast Michigan. Whether this small group of patients became ill
after inhaling contaminated water in a Flint home can be assessed by more detailed analysis.

The study did not determine whether serogroup 6 Legionella pneumophila contributed to pneumonia of unknown
origin in Southeast Michigan. Other studies have found that serogroup 6 can cause Legionnaires' disease.

Swanson said that more research is needed. "To evaluate risk, we need to know whether serogroup 6 Legionella
pneumophila survive as well as serogroup 1 bacteria do in water aerosols, since that's how people inhale this
bacterium," she said. "Whether the treated Flint River water altered the virulence or resilience of Legionella
pneumophila is another key question we need to examine."

McElmurry noted that the investigation was challenging. "These are very complicated questions, and we are working
with a very talented team of investigators including epidemiologists, infectious disease specialists, microbiologists,
water engineers, social-behavioral scientists and statisticians to understand what happened in Flint," he said. "Most
important was the assistance of residents who worked directly with us on this challenging problem."

The peer review process for research published in academic journals helps verify that the methods and conclusions
have been evaluated by experts in the field and meets rigorous standards for accuracy. Research and the peer review
process take time. "While we have been anxious to share these results as soon as possible we thought it was also
important that our research was subjected to the highest level of independent review," said McElmurry. "Peer review
allows us to demonstrate that our work is independent and free of any external influence."

Dr. Lawrence Reynolds, a Flint area pediatrician and member of Governor Snyder's Flint Water Advisory Task
Force and the Flint Water Interagency Coordinating Committee, noted that the FACHEP group engaged the
community in its research efforts.

"This abandonment of basic human and civil rights by those who once had the public trust led to water quality, safety
and access issues that endangered the public health. In the midst of this maelstrom, a group of engineers along with

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medical, public health and social scientists assembled a research team to pursue answers to problems that others
would rather leave unexamined. The authors of these papers from several universities and members of the research
team -- which included community members in meaningful roles -- affirmed the higher purpose of science -- to
expand knowledge and serve the common good. As this FACHEP team developed, the key underpinning was the
attention to clear, honest communication and careful listening to disenfranchised, marginalized Flint residents."

FACHEP is a consortium led by Wayne State University that includes the University of Michigan, Michigan State
University, Kettering University, Colorado State University and the Henry Ford Health System.

The FACHEP team collected water samples from 357 randomly selected homes in Flint including 136 homes in
2016 and 221 homes in 2017. It also collected samples from 268 randomly selected homes in Genesee County,
including 51 homes tested in 2016 and 217 homes tested in 2017, and 141 randomly selected homes in Wayne
County.

Samples collected in Genesee County, outside of Flint, and in Wayne County will serve as comparisons to Flint
samples to better understand water quality in Flint.”

Story Source:

Materials provided by Wayne State University - Office of the Vice President for Research. Note: Content may be
edited for style and length.

Journal Reference:

1. Sammy Zahran, Shawn P. McElmurry, Paul E. Kilgore, David Mushinski, Jack Press, Nancy G. Love,
Richard C. Sadler, Michele S. Swanson. Assessment of the Legionnaires’ disease outbreak in Flint,
Michigan. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 2018; 201718679 DOI:
10.1073/pnas.1718679115

Wayne State University - Office of the Vice President for Research. "New information about the Flint water crisis."
ScienceDaily. ScienceDaily, 5 February 2018. <www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2018/02/180205151557.htm>

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