Name _________________________________

Date ___________________ Pd ___________

The Cold War in Asia: China and Korea

I. The Cold War Expanded into Asia in the 1940s and 1950s
A. The Cold War was a conflict of rival ideologies between the ___________ & ___________ that lasted from 1945 to 1991
1. Early in the Cold War from 1945 to 1949, the focus of the conflict was on ______________________
2. The United States used the ____________________________, ______________________________, & ___________
to successfully contain communism in Europe
3. Beginning in 1949, however, _____________________________ seemed to _____________ as communism spread to
China, Korea, & Vietnam in Asia
B. Communism in China
1. The Fall of China’s Dynastic System
a. For almost 2,000 years, China was the world’s most ____________________________________________ because
of trade along the _________________________ & the power of the ruling dynasties
b. In the 1600 & 1700s, European nations became powerful, began _______________, & claiming _______________
c. The __________________________________ in the 1700s & 1800s made Europe the center of power in the world
d. Europeans used _________________________ to control Africa & Asia
i. Britain used the ___________________________ to claim ______________ rights in China
ii. By 1900, China was _____________ & divided into __________________________________________________
2. Sun Yat-sen and the Nationalists introduce democracy in China

a. A group of reformers called __________________________________ called for changes

b. In 1912, _________________________ ended the Chinese dynastic system & created a ______________________
called the Republic of China
i. But, the republic did not ___________________________ China or help peasants
ii. In the 1920s, nationalist leader ___________________________________________ took over & ran China as a
___________________________
3. The Communist Revolution

a. Meanwhile, _______________________ was growing in China under the leadership of ______________________

b. Mao’ s Communist Party gained popularity among __________________________________________ by offering
to redistribute ________________ from wealthy warlords
c. From 1930 to 1949, Nationalists & Communists fought in a bloody _______________________ for control of China
d. In 1949, the ______________________________ won the Civil War & Mao created the Peoples’ Republic of China
i. Chiang’s gov’t ______________ China & set up in ____________________________
ii. The USA was _______________________ when __________________ fell to communism & only recognized the
_________________________________ as the gov’t of China
4. Mao was determined to reshape China’s economy based on Marxist ___________________
a. He seized __________________ from the rich & ___________________ the land among the poor peasants
b. Mao followed ______________________ example by creating ________________________________________ &
a _______________________________________ to improve Chinese industry
5. The Great Leap Forward

a. In 1958, Mao began a massive program to create _____________________ & ____________________ called the
“_____________________________________________________”
b. Millions of Chinese citizens were sent to work on large _____________________________________ to grow food
 c. Other citizens were required to work on massive ___________________________________________ like making
iron & _______________ or building dams & __________________________________
d. Mao’s Great Leap Forward started well…but, the it required forced labor & led to lots of _____________________
by millions of Chinese citizens
e. The Great Leap Forward was a _____________________ & led severe ___________________________________,
famine, & poor quality industry
f. Mao __________________ the Great Leap Forward after three years
6. The Cultural Revolution

a. After the failure of the Great Leap Forward, Mao began the __________________________________ (1966 -1976)
b. The goal of the Cultural Revolution was to emphasize Mao’s ____________________________________________
& attack _______________________________ Chinese ideas
c. Mao distributed to all Chinese citizens the “_____________________________________________,” a book of his
quotes that reinforced what was _______________________________ for Chinese communists
d. Mao targeted _______________________________________ & many joined the __________________________,
a group to protected the culture of the revolution
e. Red Guards closed _________________________ & universities; burned books; & humiliated, beat, ____________
people who opposed Mao’s ideas
f. The Cultural Revolution ________________________ the Chinese people but also led to the __________________
or imprisonment of thousands of citizens
7. In 1976, Mao Zedong ______________ & was followed by more ___________________________ Communist officials
8. Even without Mao, China remains a Communist nation today
C. The fall of China to communism had a major impact on the Cold War between the USA & USSR
1. The U.S. reaction

a. The U.S. response to the fall of China was to more ____________________________________________________

communism the world
b. The USA was afraid of a “________________________________________________” in which communist nations
turn their _________________________ communist
c. As a result, the USA vowed to ____________________________ the spread of communism anywhere in the world
2. The USA acted when communism threatened ________________
a. During World War II, Korea was liberated from Japanese control by the _______________. army in the South & the
____________________________ army in the North
b. After WWII, Korea was divided along the 38° with a __________________________________ gov’t in North Korea
& a ______________________________ in South Korea
c. The Korean War

i. In 1950, North Korea (using Soviet supplied weapons) crossed the 38° & _______________________ South Korea
ii. When South Korea appealed to the United Nations, the USA ________________________________________ to
Korea to contain communism
iii. But, when the USA pushed too close to ___________, the Chinese Army entered the war & helped North Korea
iv. After 3 years of fighting, a _________________________________ was agreed to in 1953, the fighting stopped,
& the ________was restored as the boundary between North & South Koreas
d. The USA ________________________________________________ communism from spreading into South Korea
& showed that it was willing to ______________________ to contain communism
e. Today, Korea remains _________________________________ between a communist North & a democratic South
3. Non-Aligned Nations
 a. The fighting in Korea convinced many nations to _____________________________________ during the Cold War
b. These “neutral” countries during the Cold War were known as the “_______________________________ nations”
D. While Korea was a success, the Cold War would _______________________ in the 1950s & 1960s as communism
threatened Africa, Southeast Asia, & ________________________________________