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The main aim of this work is to find the Population growth, Economic
effects of rapid population growth on development, Economic progress,
economic development in India. This is Developed and developing countries,
very important because India is second Linear regression model.
most populated country in the world and
many studies show that India will
overtake china soon based on the Background:
population growth rate in both of these
countries. So the study of relationship Based on the history of all the developed
between these variables may help the countries, we can find that the human capital
government to consider the effect of is a major component of growth. This can be
population growth on their policies in basically said from the fact that resources
future.
required for economic growth are driven by
This paper is mainly divided into the availability of human capital. Other
five parts. In part 1, we try to make the positive affects of population growth are
reader familiarize with the existing works economies of scale, the possibility of
on this topic. Part 2 lists the variables increasing market for the goods produced in
which are relevant to show how the country, and the new attitudes,
population growth and economic ideologies, creativity they bring compared to
development interact. In part 3, we will
the older population. But population growth
look upon how the developed countries
have progressed and the interaction may also have adverse affect on a nation’s
between these variables in those growth. This is because many resources has
countries. In part 4, the relationship to be spent on the rising human population
between these variables in the Indian and it creates pressure on the limited natural
context is looked upon and we also try to resources a country has and diverts the
resources to maintain the capital than Food Production doesn’t get
increasing the stock of capital per worker. compounded
Therefore the study of a relationship The new population will not get
between these variables is important. sufficient amount of food.
Some adverse event(Starvation,
crisis etc) causes decline in the
The actual evidence on the relation between population. Then this leads to food
population growth and economic growth production and population coming
does not lead to any uniform or standard back to the equilibrium.
conclusion. This just varies from country to
There are generally three different types of
country and something which is found in the
views on how population effects the
past may not be applicable to the future. But
economic development of a nation. One,
there is a higher probability that history of a
opposing the positive impact on economic
relationship between these variables in a
development. Two, supporting the negative
country can predict the future relationship.
effect of economic development. Three, they
So the focus on these variables in India is
believe that there is no relation between
important. This paper is quite different from
economic development and population
the other papers in terms of the variables
growth.
used and the way the theories are explained.
Malthusian Population Trap is the main
example for the theories which support
Introduction: negative impact. There are a few other
theories which support the positive impact
Effect of Population Growth Rate on stating the importance of human capital on
Economic development is one of the most economic development in a country. This
debatable topic on earth. There are a lot of also rises from the fact that any growth in
theories which show that rise in population the economic development needs human
has negative effect on both economic growth capital as its main weapon and the rise in
and development of a country. All these population can act as a provider of human
debates have started since Malthus proposed capital. According to this view population
his theory in the book “Essay on the growth is the real strength and power of a
Principle of Population”. He tried to find out country. They also say that with higher
the reason for diminishing returns in most of population, we will have high labor force
the countries and he said that Population and this will help for creating labor diversity
growth is the major reason. His theory goes in the nation and in turn will help for the rise
in as follows:- in output of a nation.
Results:
This research study has adopted the same
model. But we made a few changes in the After the initial regression analysis, we have
variables used. We replaced a few of those have found the following conclusions which
variables and included Unemployment rate, are shown in the table below.
Corruption Perception Index, Foreign Direct
R Square 0.961307
Adjusted R
Square 0.947488
Standard
Error 136.0381
Observation
s 20
ANOVA
Significan
df SS MS F ce F
128738 69.5645
Regression 5 6436942 8 9 2.2E-09
18506.3
Residual 14 259089.3 8
Total 19 6696032
Where X1 is Corruption Perception Index Having a closer look at the p values, we had to
omit the FDI variable and natural resource
X2 is unemployment rate (yearly) depletion, it’s p value being much greater than
X3 is population (in million) 0.1 and hence it lead us to a model with three
independent variables.
X4 is FDI inflows (in billion USD)
(% of GNP)
Natural resource depletion(% of GNP)
ANOVA
Significance
df SS MS F F
Regression 3 6417429 2139143 122.8497 2.94E-11
Residual 16 278603 17412.69
Total 19 6696032