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INPUT DATA
1.1 GENERAL
Location Class (1 or 2)
LC := 1
Note: Location Class Definition :
1 The area where no frequent human activity is anticipated along the pipeline route
2 Pipeline section including Riser & Tie-in spool close to platform taken up to a distance
of 12.2m from the riser bottom flange
-3
Contents minimum density ρcmin := 0kg m
-3
Contents maximum density ρcmax := 0kg m
-3
Concrete coating density ρconc := 3044 kg m
-3
Field Joint coating density ρfjc := 1100 kg m
pipe diameter with marine growth Dmg := Dconc + 2 tmg Dmg = 1425.4 mm
Wts := Do - Di
2 2 π -1
weight of non-corroded steel 4 ρst g Wts = 7044.925 N m
Wts_cor := Do - Di_cor
2 2 π -1
weight of corroded steel 4 ρst g Wts_cor = 7044.925 N m
Wtcc := Dcc - Do
2 2 π -1
weight of anti-corrosion coating ρcc g Wtcc = 13.527 N m
4
weight of anti-corrosion coating per Wtcc JL = 165.025 N
joint
2 π -1
weight of water Wtw := Dclad ρw g Wtw = 10867.911 N m
4
5
weight of water per joint Wtw JL = 1.326 10 N
2 π -1
weight of contents (min. density) Wtcmin := Dclad ρcmin g Wtcmin = 0 N m
4
2 π -1
weight of contents (min. density, corroded) Wtcmin_cor := ( Di_cor - 2 tclad) ρcmin g Wtcmin_cor = 0 N m
4
2 π N
weight of contents (max. density) Wtcmax := Dclad ρcmax g Wtcmax = 0
4 m
2 π -1
weight of contents (max. density, Wtcmax_cor := ( Di_cor - 2 tclad) ρcmax g Wtcmax_cor = 0 N m
corroded) 4
2 π -1
buoyancy without marine growth Wb := Dconc ρw g Wb = 16118.376 N m
4
5
Wb JL = 1.966 10 N
buoyancy without marine growth
Corroded
weight in air - corroded
-1
submerged weight - water filled Wsub_weq := Wsub_w Wsub_weq = 16561.306 N m
-1
submerged weight - product filled Wsub_pmaxeq := Wsub_pmax Wsub_pmaxeq = 5693.394 N m
(maximum density) no marine growth
Corroded
-1
submerged weight - empty Wsub_cor_eeq := Wsub_cor_e Wsub_cor_eeq = 5693.394 N m
no marine growth
-1
submerged weight - product filled Wsub_pmineq := Wsub_pmin Wsub_pmineq = 5693.394 N m
(minimum density) no marine growth
-1
submerged weight - empty Wsub_cormg_eeq := Wsub_cormg_e Wsub_cormg_eeq = 5693.394 N m
marine growth
-1
submerged weight - product filled Wsub_pmin_mgeq := Wsub_pmin_mg Wsub_pmin_mgeq = 5693.394 N m
(minimum density) marine growth
-1
Sumerged weight for condition Wsub_eq := Wsub_eeq if Cond = "Installation" Wsub_eq = 5693.394 N m
Wsub_pmin_mgeq if Cond = "Operation"
Hydrodinamic Dimensions
b
Submerged weight check wsub := "OK" if γw 1.0
(Section 3.2 DNV F109 2010 Page 9) ws + b
"Not OK, Increase Concrete Thickness" otherwise
b
UCv := γw
ws + b UCv = 0.813
wsub = "OK"
-1
Maximum submerged weight Wsubmax := Wsub_weq Wsubmax = 16561.306 N m
-water filled
2
ϕs
Bearing capacity factors Nq := exp ( π tan( ϕs) ) tan 45 ° + Nq = 1
(Section 7.4.1 DNV F105) 2
Nc := π + 2 Nc = 5.142
Dv
Bearing capacity - sand Rsand ( v) := γsoil B( v) Nq max v - , 0 m + 0.5Nγ B ( v)
4
Cross sectional area Ap( v) := B( v) v if v 0.5 Dv
N
of penetrated part of pipe Rsand ( 0.2m) = 0
B( v) v if v > 0.5 Dv m
vp
UCvsp := UCvsp = 1.988
0.5 Dv
Vertical stability requirement - no sinking
Requirement Stabvertical := "Satisfied" if γsubmax < γsoil_wet
Soillimit otherwise
Stabvertical = "Satisfied"
γsubmax
UCvss := UCvss = 0.744
γsoil_wet
4 LATERAL STABILITY
m
ln z + z0 - ln z0
m Type
( Type)
Vs = 2
s
z := Dtop
V( z) := Vs sin( θc)
z
ln + z0 - ln( z0 )
r
Type Type
m -1
V( z) = 1.87 m s Dtop = 1.425 m
Dtop
z0
Type
ln + 1 - 1
m
1+
Dtop z0
Type
V( z)
m
z
m
ln + 1
z0
Type
Steady current velocity associated with single design oscillation V' := Vc( z)
@ pipe level
4.1.2 SHORT TERM WAVE CONDITIONS (SECTION 3.4.3 DNV F109 2010)
Calculate near bed velocities using spectral theory. Therefore, all parameters need to be made dimensionless
g Hs Tp Dtop h π
gdim := Hsdim := Tpdim := Ddim := h dim := ωp := 2
m m sec m m Tpdim
2
sec
Tpdim
ϕ := ϕ = 5.713
Peak enhancement parameter Hsdim
2 4
5 Hsdim ωp
Generalised Phillips' constant α := ( 1 - 0.287 ln( γ) ) α = 0.005
16 2
gdim
-4 2
Spectral density function ω 5 ω- ωp
- - 0.5
4 ωp σ ( ω) ωp
2 -5 e
Sηη( ω) := α gdim ω e γ
ω
Frequency transfer function to seabed G( ω) := if ω < ωmax
(based on first order wave theory) sinh( kk( ω) h dim)
0 otherwise
2
Wave in duced velocity spectrum SUU( ω) := G( ω) Sηη( ω)
ωmax
n
Spectral moments of order n M n( n) := ω SUU( ω) dω
0
Zeroth order spectral moment M n( 0) = 0.105
m m
Significant wave velocity @ pipe level UsH := 2 M n( 0 ) UsH = 0.647
sec s
M n( 0 )
Mean zero up-crossing period @ pipe level Tu := 2 π sec Tu = 8.151 s
M n( 2 )
h
Reference period Tn :=
g Tn = 1.195 s
3hr
Number of oscillations in spectrum τ :=
Tu τ = 1324.942
kt := 1.25 if γ = 1 kt = 1.25
Parameter for wave period
1.17 if γ = 5
( 1.25 - 1.17)
1.17 + ( γ - 1 ) otherwise
4
U' H
U' H := UsH 2 ln( τ) +
1 0.5772
Wave velocit y @ pipe le vel for single = 1.972
design osciallation (Eq. 3.15 DNV F109 2 2 ln( τ) UsH
2010)
m
U' H = 1.276
s
Tn Tn
T' := Tu kt - 5 ( kt - 1 ) if T 0.2
Period associated with maximum wave, i.e. Tu
design oscillation (Eq. 3.16 DNV F109
u T' = 8.696 s
2010) Tu otherwise
4.1.3 WAVE DIRECTIONALITY AND SPREADING (SECTION 3.4.4 DNV F109 2010)
sp
Γ 1 +
1 2 sp π
cos( θ) sin( θw - θ) if θ <
2
Wave spreading directional functio n Dw( θ) :=
π 1 sp 2
Γ +
2 2
0 otherwise
π
2
Reduction factor is given by: RD := Dw( θ) dθ RD = 0.949
π
-
2
V
4.2 STEADY TO OSCILLATORY VELOCITY RATIO OF THE DESIGN SPECTRUM M= 0.01
U
AND THE SIGNIFICANT KEULEGAN-CARPENTER NUMBER
V( z)
Steady to oscillatory velocity ratio for design M := M = 3.046
spectrum Us
Us Tu
Significant Keulegan-Carpenter number Ks := Ks = 3.51
Dtop
V'
Steady to oscillatory velocity ratio for design M' := M' = 1.422
spectrum U'
U' T'
Significant Keulegan-Carpenter number K's := K's = 7.384
Dtop
4.3 PENETRATION DEPTH (SECTION 3.4.6 DNV F109 2010)
Penetration due to movement zpm := 0% Dconc
To calculate initial penetration maximum pipe weight and zero lift force can be assumed in calculation for ks and kc:
2
γsoil Dconc Su Dconc Su
κsi := κci := Gci :=
Wsub_weq Wsub_weq Dconc ( γsoil_wet)
- 0.67
Initial penetration are defined as: zpi := 0.037 κsi Dconc if Soil = "Sand"
for Sand (Eq. 3.28)
and Clay (Eq. 3.29) DNV F109 Gci0.3
3.2
Gci0.3
0.7
2010
0.0071 κ + 0.062 κ Dconc if Soil = "Clay"
ci ci
zpi = 1.217 m
zpi
%zpi := %zpi = 85.386 %
Dconc
Total Pipe Penetration depth including Pipe laying effect from Nonlinier analysis using Orcaflex Software
(As per appendix C in this report) is 51.3% of the Pipe Outside Diameter.
%zto := 51.3%
Total pipe penetration can be taken as the sum of initial penetration and penetration due to
movement (Eq. 3.27DNV F109 2010):
zp := zpi + zpm + zpl zp = 0.731 m
Equivalent penetration in trench is
defined as (Eq. 3.30 DNV F109 2010):
1 1 zt
zpt := tan( θt) Dconc if tan( θt) Dconc
2 2 2
zpt = 0 m
zt
otherwise
2
zp zp
rpen_y := 1.0 - 1.4 if 0.5 rpen_y = 0.3
Dtop Dtop
0.3 otherwise
zp zp
1.0 - 1.3 D - 0.1 if 0.1 < D 0.8667
top top
0 otherwise
0.42
zt
1.0 - 0.18 ( θtr - 5 )
0.25
rtr_y := if 5 θtr 45 Pos = "Trench" rtr_y = 1.000
Dtop
1 otherwise
Load reduction factor due to trenching (Eq. 3.22) (vertical direction)
0.46 0.46
zt zt
1.0 - 0.14 ( θtr - 5 ) if 5 θtr 45 Pos = "Trench" 1.0 - 0.14 ( θtr - 5 )
0.43 0.43
rtr_z := >0
Dtop Dtop
otherwise
0.46
zt
0 if 5 θtr 45 Pos = "Trench" 1.0 - 0.14 ( θtr - 5)
0.43
<0
Dtop
1 otherwise rtr_z = 1
Peak load coefficients CY and CZ are taken from Tables 3-9 and 3-10 page 18 DNV F109 2010
With value of : M' = 1.422 and K's = 7.384
1 2
F'Z := rtot_z ρw Dtopm C'Z ( U' + V') if piggy = "Yes"
2
1 2 -1
rtot_z ρw Dtop C'Z ( U' + V') if piggy = "No" F'Z = 3309.491 N m
2
1 2
F'Y := rtot_y ρw Dtopm C'Y ( U' + V') if piggy = "Yes"
2
1 2 -1
rtot_y ρw Dtop C'Y ( U' + V') if piggy = "No" F'Y = 3407.281 N m
2
4.5.2 SOIL RESISTANCE (SECTION 3.4.6 DNV F109 2010)
C'Y
L' := + C'Z L' = 5.421
μ
N
F'C := Wsub_pmin - F'Z F'C = 2383.903
m
2
γsoil Dtop
κ's := κ's = 3.277
F'C
Su Dtop
κ'c := κ'c = 0.718
F'C
Su
Gc := Gc = 0.06
Dtop ( γsoil_wet)
Note : Safety Factor for absolute satbility (Tables 3-5 to 3-8 DNV F109 - 2010)
Table 3-6 Safety factors, winter storm in GoM and Southern Ocean
Low Normal High
Sand and rock 0,95 1,41 1,99
Clay 0,97 1,50 2,16 γ36 = 1.5
fact , Safety
F'Y + μ F'Z
Requirements 1 UCL1 := γSC UCL1 = 0.603
μ Wsub_pmin + F'R
F'Z
Requirements 2 UCL2 := γSC UCL2 = 0.814
Wsub_pmin
Absolute Stability Criterion (Section 3.6.2 DNV F109 2010) Stable abs = "Yes"
5. OUTPUT SUMMARY:
t conc = 90 mm
Used concrete thickness
Dconc = 1.425 m
Full outside diameter pipe
-1
Submerged weight of empty or product filled pipe Wsub_pmin = 5693.394 N m
Wsub_pmin + b
Specific Gravity of the pipe = 1.353
b
-1
Design current velocity @ pipe height - Spectrum Vc( Dtop) = 1.721 m s
-1
Design current velocity @ pipe height - Single Oscillation V' = 1.721 m s
-1
Design velocity induced by waves @ pipe height - Spectrum Us = 0.614 m s
-1
Design velocity induced by waves @ pipe height - Single Oscillation U' = 1.21 m s
Condition:
Cond "Operation"
"Installation" or "Operation"