Академический Документы
Профессиональный Документы
Культура Документы
ANCIENT
SURVEYING
INSTRUMENTS
GE 10 : General Surveying
Astrolabe
1
6/18/2010
Telescope
Said to be invented by
Lippershey, and made
famous by Galileo, it was
only after the introduction
of cross hairs by Jean
Picard, which is used for
fixing the line of sight did
the telescope become an
integral part in many
surveying instruments
Semi-Circumferentor
Early surveying
instrument for
measuring and
laying off angles,
and for establishing
lines of sight
2
6/18/2010
Plane Table
- One of the oldest types of surveying
instruments used in field mapping
- Consists of a board leveled on a
tripod, which is set-up so that the board
is able to rotate in any desired direction
Alidade
- An instrument used on the plane table
for taking sights and drawing lines when
locating points on the map
- Combines a straight edge with a
sighting device normally a telescope
Dioptra
- Believed to be perfected
by Heron of Alexandria,
which he described in his
book (named Dioptra)
- Used for leveling and in
measuring horizontal and
vertical angles
3
6/18/2010
Roman Groma
Libella
- Believed to have
been used by the
Egyptians and the
Assyrians in
determining the
horizontal or level
line
4
6/18/2010
Chorobates
DDiopter
iopter
5
6/18/2010
Vernier
Merchet
6
6/18/2010