Академический Документы
Профессиональный Документы
Культура Документы
(Patents pending)
• LOCKS ONTO A CHAIN LINK OR A SPECIAL SOCKET IN A MOORING LINE WHEN THE
LINE IS PULLED INTO A BIGHT
The Bight-Lock chaser is pulled along the mooring line from the MODU to the mud line near the anchor. The mooring
line is then paid out from the MODU to allow a bight to be pulled up in the line. As the angle between the limbs of the
bight decreases, the Bight-Lock chaser locks onto a chain link or a special socket on a forerunner wire. This prevents the
mooring line from running back through the chaser towards the anchor. Pulling on the chaser pendant line towards the
MODU then applies most of the pulling tension directly to the portion of mooring line between the Bight-Lock chaser and
the anchor. Simultaneous heaving in on the pendant line induces increasing uplift at the sea bed which unseats the
anchor at relatively low breakout load without MODU winch assistance which would be needed with a conventional
chaser.
Operational Advantages
The Bruce Bight-Lock chaser enables an anchor to be recovered in less time than with a conventional chaser and at
lower winch and bollard-pull capacity. It enables mooring line inserts to be made with a single AHV and enables easier
anchor recovery on leeward storm-mooring lines.
The Bight-Lock chaser also holds an anchor securely at the stern roller of an AHV without decking and with no risk of
slipping to the seabed if the mooring line goes slack. This avoids the possibility of damage to sub-sea structures which
may occur in shallow water when using a conventional chaser.
Bruce Anchor Limited, Anchor House, Cronkbourne, Douglas, Isle of Man, IM4 4QE, British Isles.
Tel: +44-1624-629203 Fax: +44-1624-622227 Email: sales@bruceanchor.co.uk Website: www.bruceanchor.co.uk
BAL-08-C
THE BRUCE BIGHT-LOCK CHASER
(Patents pending)
Weight kg A B C D E F G
Bruce Anchor Limited, Anchor House, Cronkbourne, Douglas, Isle of Man, IM4 4QE, British Isles.
Tel: +44-1624-629203 Fax: +44-1624-622227 Email: sales@bruceanchor.co.uk Website: www.bruceanchor.co.uk
THE BRUCE® FFTS® PM ANCHOR
HOLDING CAPACITY
1700
1600
1500
1400
1300
1200
1100
Holding capacity (mT)
1000
900
800
700
600
500
400
300
200
100
0
1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25 27 29 31 33 35 37 39 41 43 45
Anchor size (mT)
BAL-09-B
BAL-09-A
THE BRUCE® FFTS Mk 4 ANCHOR
(PATENTED)
Bruce Anchor Limited, Anchor House, Cronkbourne, Douglas, Isle of Man, IM4 4QE, British Isles.
Tel: +44-1624-629203 Fax: +44-1624-622227 Email: sales@bruceanchor.co.uk Website: www.bruceanchor.co.uk
THE BRUCE® FFTS MK 4 ANCHOR
HOLDING CAPACITY
1700
1600
1500
1400
1300
1200
1100
Holding capacity (mT)
1000
900
800
700
600
500
400
300
200
100
0
1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25 27 29 31 33 35 37 39 41 43 45
Anchor size (mT)
BAL-09-A
THE BRUCE® TENSIONER
(Patented)
CAN PRESET DRAG EMBEDMENT ANCHORS TO THE FULL DESIGN LOAD OF A MOORING SYSTEM
MAY BE OPERATED BY AN AHV WINCH, ELIMINATING THE NEED FOR A CRANE BARGE
Bruce Anchor Limited, Anchor House, Cronkbourne, Douglas, Isle of Man, IM4 4QE, British Isles.
Tel: +44-1624-629203 Fax: +44-1624-622227 Email: sales@bruceanchor.co.uk Website: www.bruceanchor.co.uk
THE BRUCE® TENSIONER
(Patented)
BAL-10-A
THE BRUCE® CHASER STOPPER
The Bruce chaser stopper is essentially a triangular plate with shackle holes at
forward and aft ends and a curved lower edge between these ends. The forward
end is formed as an elongated nose which can turns freely inside a Bruce chaser.
The height of the plate aft of the nose blocks passage of the chaser over the
stopper once the stopper has turned upright due to the chaser bearing on its
curved lower edge.
When the mooring line is hauled out, the weight of line and anchor initially act
together to keep the chaser on the nose of the stopper. If the plane of the stopper is
not vertical, the weight causes the stopper to pivot about its contact point with the
chaser until it becomes vertical and the chaser is blocked by the height of the
stopper. This forces the anchor to hang pointing towards the MODU (Fig. 1 overleaf).
As haul out continues, the weight of the bight between chaser and MODU keeps the
stopper in the chaser and maintains the orientation of the anchor for set down
(Fig. 2 overleaf).
The Bruce Chaser Stopper is always edge on to the direction of embedment and so
offers minimal penetration resistance to anchor embedment.
Bruce Anchor Limited, Anchor House, Cronkbourne, Douglas, Isle of Man, IM4 4QE, British Isles.
Tel: +44-1624-629203 Fax: +44-1624-622227 Email: sales@bruceanchor.co.uk Website: www.bruceanchor.co.uk
THE BRUCE® CHASER STOPPER
Fig.2 Stopped chaser holds anchor in correct orientation for set down
BAL-09-A
THE BRUCE® DENNLA Mk4 (Patented)
Either Mode
Rapid turnaround on deck
Single load path shank gives determinable fatigue life
No need for a ROV, pendant lines, or sub-sea connection
Bruce Anchor Limited, Anchor House, Cronkbourne, Douglas, Isle of Man, IM4 4QE, British Isles.
Tel: +44-1624-629203 Fax: +44-1624-622227
Email: sales@bruceanchor.co.uk Website: www.bruceanchor.co.uk
2 Dimensions in millimetres SOFT CLAY
DENNLA Mk4 12m A : Deployment B : Installation
C : Installed (Triggered) D : Recovery
78°
Installation 66°
Shear Pin
Position
3623
36°
Lock Down
Pin Position
The Dennla Mk4 is a low profile anchor which solves this problem by having its final centroid angle reduced from 90º to 78º (‘near
normal’), a modification that enables the anchor to continue embedding after triggering and to do so when pulled at angles at the
mudline as high as 45º, a feature important for deepwater applications. At the same depth of embedment as a triggered VLA of
equal fluke area, the triggered Dennla has about 90% of the holding capacity of the VLA. However, on loading further, the VLA will
pull out whereas the Dennla will continue to embed and generate an increasingly greater holding capacity than that at which the
VLA would have failed. This is a crucial advantage of the Dennla over its VLA predecessor.
Deployment
For soft clay sea beds, the Dennla is pulled in until a chosen line tension is reached at a mooring line scope giving a final uplift
angle of 15° to 25º at the mud line. Scope is then shortened, increasing the uplift angle to 35° to 45º. This produces leverage
which parts the shear pin and allows the shank to rotate to establish a new centroid angle of 78º. On reducing the uplift angle at the
mud line and pulling further, the fluke inclination increases and the anchor penetrates deeper than would otherwise have been
possible.
For sand and stiff clay, the Dennla Mk4 is installed conventionally with its shank locked down.
Recovery
The Dennla negotiates stern rollers smoothly and is compact and easy to handle on deck, features which reduce
turnaround time for presets in deep and ultra deep water. A mooring spread of Dennlas can be installed, recovered, and
reinstalled at a new location in significantly shorter time than suction piles, suction installed plate anchors, VLAs, or
drop-in anchors. This translates into a saving of two to three days or more per rig-move compared with such anchors, a
track record established since 2002.
The addition of the lock down feature of the Dennla Mk4 adds high performance in sand and stiff clay. The anchor can
also be racked sideways on bolster bars ready for deployment from a MODU as a near normal load anchor for soft clay,
or, by locking down its shank, as a conventional anchor for sand and stiff clay.
D *
Weight (kg) A B C D E F
Bruce Anchor Limited, Anchor House, Cronkbourne, Douglas, Isle of Man, IM4 4QE, British Isles
Tel: +44-1624-629203 Fax: +44-1624-622227 Email: sales@bruceanchor.co.uk
BRUCE GP (General Purpose) ANCHOR
Anchor Holding Capacity - chain forerunner in sand and soft clay (mud)
Bruce FFTS GP - HC(chain/sand) = 76.15W 0.94 - HC(chain/mud) = 64.92W 0.92
1400
Holding capacity (mT)
1200
1000
800
600
400
200
0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
Anchor weight (mT)
1400
Holding capacity (mT)
1200
1000
800
600
400
200
0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
Anchor weight (mT)
BAL/07/B
THE BRUCE® OMNI-DIRECTIONAL DENNLA®
(Patents pending)
Bruce Anchor Limited, Anchor House, Cronkbourne, Douglas, Isle of Man, IM4 4QE, British Isles.
Tel: +44-1624-629203 Fax: +44-1624-622227 Email: sales@bruceanchor.co.uk Website: www.bruceanchor.co.uk
THE BRUCE® OMNI-DIRECTIONAL DENNLA®
(Patents pending)
75° 75°
Stopper 65°
36°
3930
Lock Down
Pin Position
Fluke
Centroid
The anchor is pulled in with a drogue tail fitted and with a mooring line scope chosen to give an uplift
angle at the mud line of between 20˚ and 25˚ at a line tension typically between 150mT and 200mT.
Scope is then reduced to give uplift between 40˚ and 45˚ and the same line tension is applied to ensure
that leverage between shank and fluke parts a shear pin to allow the fluke centroid angle to increase
from 65˚ to 75˚ as shown for positions B and C. The anchor is now in the forward NNL mode (position
C) with the capability of embedding deeper at uplifts up to 45˚ to provide line-breaking capability. If the
mooring line heading is reversed over the anchor, the stoppered movement of the shank to position E
provides a rearward NNL mode which again provides line-breaking capacity.
Conventional Drag Embedment Mode
The Omni-directional Dennla shank can be locked down to fix the fluke centroid angle at 36º.
This enables the 12m2 and 14m2 Omni-directional Dennlas to act as conventional MODU anchors with,
respectively, the performance of a 12,000kg and a 15,000kg Bruce FFTS Mk4 anchor in sand and stiff
clay.
Anchor Recovery
The Omni-directional Dennla is recovered by the mooring line at uplift between 60º and 80º in a rearward
direction. If the mooring line direction has become reversed, it is recovered in a forward direction at the
same uplift (between 60º and 80º). Unstoppered, the anchor is recovered with the shank at position D as
for the Dennla Mk4. Recovery in conventional drag embedment mode is similar to that of a conventional
high holding power drag embedment anchor, e.g., Bruce FFTS Mk4.
Like the Bruce Dennla Mk4, the Omni-directional Dennla is designed to be racked on a MODU’s
bolster bars. It does not need a ROV for installation or recovery.
Anchor Sizing
The Omni-directional Dennla is sized in terms of nominal fluke area. For deeply penetrable
seabeds, the approximate anchor size needed is given by the relationship:
Anchor Size (m²) = UHC required / 81 for UHC values in the range 800 to 1,600 metric tonnes.
BAL-10-C
THE BRUCE® ROLLER CHASER
(Registered Design)
Where a roller chaser is preferred, the Bruce Roller Chaser provides offshore operators with a
rolling-action permanent chaser backed by Bruce technology and expertise.
Saddle shaped roller centralises anchor line for equal loading of side limbs
Bruce Anchor Limited, Anchor House, Cronkbourne, Douglas, Isle of Man, IM4 4QE, British Isles.
Tel: +44-1624-629203 Fax: +44-1624-622227 Email: sales@bruceanchor.co.uk Website: www.bruceanchor.co.uk
BAL-09-A
The Bruce® FBL (Four Bar Linkage) Anchor
(Patents pending)
The FBL anchor has a unique shank arrangement. Tandem twin shanks are linked by a slotted plate to
which the anchor shackle is attached, making the anchor in effect a four-bar linkage. The anchor
shackle-pin can move freely within the slot in the slotted plate which forms one bar of the linkage.
When the shackle pin is at the forward end of the slot, the shank locks down to a small fluke angle for
firm and hard soils. A simple mooring-line procedure enables the fluke angle to be adjusted by moving
the shackle pin to the forward end or the aft end of the slot while the anchor is in the soil. This avoids a
need for decking.
Other anchors deployed with fluke angles inappropriate for the soil conditions have to be brought on
deck for fluke angle adjustment, a procedure that accounts for a significant proportion of anchor handling
time.
By avoiding decking for fluke angle adjustment, the FBL anchor not only saves anchor handling time and
costs but also provides increased safety for deck crews in heavy weather conditions.
Bruce Anchor Limited, Anchor House, Cronkbourne, Douglas, Isle of Man, IM4 4QE, British Isles.
Tel: +44-1624-629203 Fax: +44-1624-622227 Email: sales@bruceanchor.co.uk Website: www.bruceanchor.co.uk
The Bruce® FBL (Four Bar Linkage) Anchor
(Patents pending)
Locked small fluke angle for firm soil Large fluke angle for soft soil
Anchor Installation
When the anchor is lowered into contact with the seabed, the shackle pin automatically locates at the
forward end of the slotted plate, providing a locked small fluke angle for firm soil. A rapid build up of line
tension confirms firm soil conditions. When this is noted, the anchor handling vessel (AHV) continues to
pull the anchor in to complete its installation.
In soft soil conditions, a slow build up of line tension occurs because of the initial small fluke angle.
When this is noted, the AHV continues to pull in until the line tension reaches a value of 40-50mT,
confirming sufficient embedment depth for adjustment of fluke angle. Scope is then shortened until the
shackle pin slides to the rear of the slot to unlock the four bar linkage and increase the fluke angle to that
of a near normal load anchor. An abrupt increase in line tension confirms that the near normal load fluke
angle has been reached. Scope is then increased to enable the anchor to be embedded further to
complete its installation.
Anchor Recovery
The FBL anchor is recovered from firm clay or sand by short scope retrieval like a conventional high
holding power anchor, e.g., Bruce FFTS Mk4, at an uplift angle of between 60º and 70º.
In soft clay, the anchor has to be readjusted to its small fluke angle for recovery. For pre-sets, this is done
by pulling the mooring line backwards to rotate the anchor in the seabed, then pulling the line forwards to
relocate the shackle pin at the forward end of the slot to re-establish the small fluke angle. The mooring
line is then hauled in with an uplift angle of between 60º and 70º to break the anchor out of the seabed as
for firm clay or sand.
For MODUs equipped with FBL anchors and chain mooring lines, the recovery procedure is facilitated by
using a Bruce Bight-Lock Chaser. The chaser locks on to the chain and avoids a problem which can be
encountered with conventional chasers where the load generated on the anchor side of the chaser causes
the mooring line to slide through the chaser, making it difficult to establish a bight capable of rotating an
anchor in the seabed. On establishing a bight, recovery procedure is as for pre-sets, but with the chaser
used to raise the mooring line into the uplift angle of between 60º and 70º to break the anchor from the
seabed. The anchor is then hauled in and held secure at the stern roller of the AHV for safe return to the
MODU. As the entire mooring line load is taken by the chaser locked on the chain, decking is not required.
By avoiding decking for fluke angle adjustment, the Bruce FBL anchor can save anchor handling time at
any water depth, with the time saved increasing with water depth. For the same reason, the anchor
offers greater safety for deck crews in heavy weather conditions.
BAL-13-B
Bruce Tracker and Anchor Communication System
(Patented & Patents pending)
Tracking an anchor
The Bruce Tracker consists of a pivoting probe attached to the fluke of an anchor, an inclinometer
within the probe, and a soil turbine mounted at the rear of the probe. The probe automatically aligns
with the embedment trajectory of the anchor.
Sequential incremental displacements of distance and inclination along the embedment trajectory
are logged simultaneously by the soil turbine and inclinometer respectively to record the trajectory.
Additional inclinometers on the anchor record roll and pitch while, optionally, an instrumented
anchor shackle may be provided to record load at the shackle.
The Anchor Communication System consists of a directional acoustic transponder located at the
mud-line on the end of a drogue tail attached to the anchor fluke. The directional acoustic
transponder transmits real time data from the tracker and ancillary instrumentation to an omni-
directional acoustic transponder lowered from a surface vessel or moored structure. This data is
then displayed in graphic form in real time on a monitor.
Bruce Anchor Limited, Anchor House, Cronkbourne, Douglas, Isle of Man, IM4 4QE, British Isles.
Tel: +44-1624-629203 Fax: +44-1624-622227 Email: sales@bruceanchor.co.uk Website: www.bruceanchor.co.uk
The Bruce Tracker and Anchor Communication System
(Patented & Patents pending)
The system is compatible with the HiPAP® system and has two-way communication, enabling the
instrumentation to be interrogated as required.
Batteries in the directional acoustic transponder power both the transponder and the
instrumentation on the anchor. The batteries can be changed by a ROV, to enable the
instrumentation on the anchor to be interrogated throughout the life of the mooring.
The test anchor equipped with the Bruce Tracker produces anchor trajectories which provide detail
on anchoring capability that is not possible with conventional geotechnical investigations.
A cone penetrometer can be fitted to the pivoting probe of the Bruce Tracker to provide data which
may be interpreted to characterise mooring bed soils along the embedment trajectory of the
anchor. Such data may supplement, extend, or replace at less cost, conventionally obtained
geotechnical data.
BAL-13-C