Non organelle

b) Non organelle Characteristics Functions

1. Plasma/cell membrane  made of_________ &  it regulates the_______of
phospholipids substances_____and out of the
 ________ permeable cytoplasm

2. Cell wall  made of _________.  gives _____ to plant

 _______ to all fluids  provides mechanical
(Plant cell) ________ for the plant cell

3. Cytoplasm  jelly-like matrix  medium for _______

 medium which organelles are reactions in the cell.
_______.
 contains organic and
inorganic substances
2.1 UNDERSTANDING CELL STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION

Cell Structure : Organelle

a) Organelle Characteristics Function

1. Nucleus  the largest organelle  control all _______ of the cell
 has _______ thread  contain _______ which determine the
characteristics and cell functions.

2. Vacoule  fluid filled sac enclosed  vacoule in plants store chemicals such
by membrane called as water,________, ________, mineral,
(plant cell) tonoplast. _________.
 the fluid is called  vacoule regulate _________ in plant cell
__________. and paramecium
 supports ___________ plants

3.  cylindrical shape  the site of _________ production through

Mitochondrion  made up of ________ cellular respiration.
membrane units
Glucose + O2 Energy + H2O + CO2

 energy released is used for cellular

_______.

4. Lysosomes  contain hydrolytic  release enzyme to _______ material in

______. food vacuoles in organisms like
(animal cell)  membrane-bound sac Paramecium
 break down complex organic molecules
(eg protein, lipid, polysaccharides &
nucleic acid).
 digest _____, dead or damage _______ to
enable a cell to renew itself

5. Chloroplast  lens-shaped  traps _______ (energy) during

 contains __________. photosynthesis
(plant cell)
6. Centriole  small cylindrical  form spindle fibres during cell ______ in
structure animal cells
(animal cell)
7. Ribosome  small spherical  the site of _______ synthesis
organelles  use information from nucleus to make
 either attached to RER these proteins.
or free
8. Endoplasmic  The membranes of ER
are continuous with the
reticulum (ER) nuclear membrane
 has ______ attached to its
i) RER surface
 does not have _______ ii.
attached to its surface
ii) SER
i. RER
 _________ (made by ribosomes) to
Golgi apparatus.
 Protein are packaged in vesicles
which are called ____________.
Synthesis of ________ (phospholipids
and steroids)
 _________ of drugs & poisons

9. Golgi body/  stacks of flattened  processing, _________ and ________

membranous sacs.
apparatus  new membrane is
continuously added to
one end of Golgi
apparatus and buds off
as _______ vesicles at
the other end.
center of synthesized proteins (such as
enzyme/hormone/antibody, phospholipids
and carbohydrate & glycoproteins (such as
mucus).
 all these modified substances, enclosed in
a _______ vesicle and bud off from the
Golgi body to the cell membrane/other
parts of the cell.
Non organelle

b) Non organelle Characteristics Functions

1. Plasma/cell membrane  made of proteins &  it regulates themovement of
phospholipids substances in and out of the
 partially permeable cytoplasm

2. Cell wall  made of cellulose fiber  gives shape to plant

 permeable to all fluids  provides mechanical support
(Plant cell) for the plant cell

3. Cytoplasm  jelly-like matrix  medium for biochemical

 medium which organelles are reactions in the cell.
suspended
 contains organic and
inorganic substances
2.1 UNDERSTANDING CELL STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION

Cell Structure : Organelle

a) Organelle Characteristics Function

1. Nucleus  the largest organelle  control all activities of the cell
 has fine thread  contain DNA which determine the
characteristics and cell functions.

2. Vacoule  fluid filled sac enclosed  vacoule in plants store chemicals such
by membrane called as water, starch , amino acids, mineral,
(plant cell) tonoplast. lipid.
 the fluid is called cell sap  vacoule regulate water in plant cell and
paramecium
 supports herbaceous plants

3.  cylindrical shape  the site of ATP production through

Mitochondrion  made up of double cellular respiration.
membrane units
Glucose + O2 Energy + H2O + CO2

 energy released is used for cellular

activities

4. Lysosomes  contain hydrolytic  release enzyme to digest material in food

enzymes vacuoles in organisms like Paramecium
(animal cell)  membrane-bound sac  break down complex organic molecules
(eg protein, lipid, polysaccharides &
nucleic acid).
 digest old, dead or damage cells to enable
a cell to renew itself

5. Chloroplast  lens-shaped  traps light (energy) during photosynthesis

 contains chlorophyll
(plant cell)
6. Centriole  small cylindrical  form spindle fibres during cell division in
structure animal cells
(animal cell)
7. Ribosome  small spherical  the site of protein synthesis
organelles  use information from nucleus to make
 either attached to RER these proteins.
or free
8. Endoplasmic  The membranes of ER i.
are continuous with the
reticulum (ER) nuclear membrane
 has ribosomes attached to
i) RER its surface
ii) SER
 does not have ribosome
attached to its surface
9. Golgi body/  stacks of flattened
membranous sacs.
apparatus  new membrane is
continuously added to
one end of Golgi
apparatus and buds off
as secretion vesicles at
the other end.
RER
 Transport protein (made
by ribosomes) to Golgi apparatus.
 Protein are packaged in vesicles
which are called transport vesicle
ii. Synthesis of lipids (phospholipids and
steroids)
 detoxifies drugs & poisons
 processing, modify and packaging center
of synthesized proteins (such as
enzyme/hormone/antibody, phospholipids
and carbohydrate & glycoproteins (such as
mucus).
 all these modified substances, enclosed in
a secretion vesicle and bud off from the
Golgi body to the cell membrane/other
parts of the cell.