Individual in the Organisation

- Understanding Self
Understanding Personality

I am like all other people

I am like some other people
I am like no other person

• What is Personality?
P = f ( H x E x S)

• Relevance of understanding personality ?

 Understanding Self- Psychological
Processes

1. Attitudes & Values

2. Self-Concept & Emotional Stability

3. Locus of Control
1. Attitudes and Values
Attitudes
Predisposition to evaluate an object, person or situation
in a certain way.
They are not inborn, but learnt.
Attitudes can change

Attitudes have 3 components:

• Affective- emotional expression towards object/
person/situation

• Cognitive- opinion or belief

• Behavioural – action towards object/person

1. Attitudes and Values contd.

Values

• Guide Behavior. Abstract. Deep seated, more

permanent.
• Vary across individual, family, organisation, region,
nation etc
• Instrumental & Terminal Values
• Globalisation brings challenges to manage diverse
cultures – understand national cultures & values
2. Self-Concept & Behavior
Positive Self-concept
• Resilient – face setbacks
• Open to criticism
• Can level with authority
• Likely to get on with
others
• Confident, Self-assured
• Comfort with new people
/ new situations
• Long lasting relationships
Low Self-esteem
• Defensive, Fearful,
• Hesitant
• Self-destructive behavior
• Seek approval of others
• Authority issues
• Low initiative
• Compliance
• Resistance to change
• Rebellious
 3. Locus of Control

EXTERNALIST INTERNALIST
3. Locus of Control
Externals
• Influenced by fate & others
• Low self-direction
• Cautious in trying new
approaches
• Express greater
dissatisfaction with job, orgn,
and superior
• Often feel helpless
• Become cynical
Role Taking vs. Role Making
Internals
• Self-reliant, self-directed
• Accept responsibility for
own growth & career
development
• Confident
• Higher risk- taking
• Self blaming
• Achievement oriented
• Higher perseverance
 Area of
Concern

Area of Control
Do People Change ?

Safety Growth
(Ontological Guilt)

• Captives of the Past “I have always been this way"

• Low self-esteem
• Being a critic rather than a doer
• Fear of Failure