GATE-2008 1 of 10

CIVIL ENGINEERING

ONE MARKS QUESTIONS 6. When a retaining wall moves away from

the backfill, the pressure exerted on the
wall is termed as
1. A mild steel specimen is under uniaxial
tensile stress Young’s modulus and yield a. passive earth pressure
stress for mild steel are 2 x 105 MPa and b. swelling pressure
250 MPa respectively. The maximum c. pore pressure
amount of strain energy per unit volume d. active earth pressure
that can be stored in this specimen without 7. Compaction by vibratory roller is the best
permanent set is method of compaction in case of
a. l56 Nmm/mm3 a. moist silty sand
b. 15.6 Nmm/mm3 b. well graded dry sand
c. l.56 Nmm/mm3 c. clay of medium compressibility
d. 0.l56 Nmm/mm3 d. silt of high compressibility
2. A reinforced concrete structure has to be 8. Two primary air pollutants are
constructed along a sea coast. The a. sulphur oxide and ozone
minimum grade of concrete to be used as
b. nitrogen oxide and peroxyacetylnitrate
per IS: 456-2000 is
c. sulphur oxide and hydrocarbon
a. M 15
d. ozone and peroxyacetylnitrate
b. M 20
9. Two biodegradable components of
c. M 25
municipal solid waste are
d. M 30
a. plastics and wood
3. In the design of a reinforced concrete
b. cardboard and glass
beam the requirement for bond is not
getting satisfied. The economical option to c. leather and tin cans
satisfied the requirement for bond is by d. food wastes and garden trimmings
a. bundling of bars 10. A flood wave with a known inflow
b. providing smaller diameter bars more hydrograph is routed through a large
in number reservoir. The outflow hydrograph will
have
c. providing larger diameter bars less in
number a. attenuated peak with reduced time base
d. providing same diameter bars more in b. attenuated peak with increased time-
number base
4. The shape of the cross-section, which has c. increased peak with increased time-
the 1aiest shape factor, is base
a. rectangular d. increased peak with reduced time-base
b. I-section 11. A stable channel is to be designed for a
discharge of Qm3/s with silt factor f as per
c. diamond
Lacey’s method. The mean flow velocity
d. solid circular (m/s) in the channel is obtained by
5. Group symbols assigned to silty sand and a. (Qf2/140)1/6
clayey sand are respectively
b. (Qf/140)1/3
a. SS and CS
c. (Q2f2/140)1/6
b. SM and CS
d. 0.48(Q/f)1/3
c. SM and SC
12. The base width of an elementary profile of
d. MS and CS a gravity dam of height H is b. The
specific gravity of the material of the dam
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is G and uplift pressure coefficient is K. 17. The type of surveying in which the
The correct relationship for no tension at curvature of the earth is taken into account
the heel is given by is called
b 1 a. Geodetic surveying
a. 
H GK b. Plane surveying
b c. Preliminary surveying
b.  GK d. Topographical surveying
H
b 1 18. A person standing on the bank of a canal
c.  drops a stone on the water surface. He
H GK notices that the disturbance on the water
b 1 surface is not traveling upstream. This is
d. 
H K GK because the flow in the canal is
13. The specific gravity of paving bitumen as a. sub-critical
per IS : 73-1992 lies between b. super-critical
a. 1.10 and 1.06 c. steady
b. 1.06 and 1.02 d. uniform
c. 1.02 and 0.97 19. The product of matrices (PQ)–1P is
d. 0.97 and 0.92 a. P–1
14. A combined value of flakiness and b. Q–1
elongation index is to be determined for a c. P–1Q–1P
sample of aggregates. The sequence in d. PQ P–1
which the two tests are conducted is
d2y
a. elongation index test followed by 20. The general solution of  y  0 is
flakiness index test on the whole dx 2
sample a. y = P cos x + Q sin x
b. flakiness index test followed by b. y = P cos x
elongation index test on the whole c. y = P sin x
sample d. y = P sin2x
c. flakiness index test followed by
elongation index test on non-flaky
aggregates
TWO MARKS QUESTIONS
d. elongation index test followed by
flakiness index test on non-elongated
aggregates
15. The capacities of “One-way 1.5 m wide 21. Cross-section of a column consisting of
sidewalk (persons per how)” and “One- two steel strips, each of thickness t and
way 2-lane urban road (PCU per hour, width b is shown in the figure below. The
with no frontage access, no standing critical loads of the column with perfect
vehicles and very little cross traffic)” are bond and without bond between the strips
respectively are P and P0 respectively. The ratio P/P0 is
a. 1200 and 2400
b. 1800 and 2000
c. 1200 and 1500
d. 2000 and 1200
a. 2
16. The shape of the STOP sign according to
IRC : 67-2001 is b. 4
a. circular c. 6
b. triangular d. 8
c. octagonal 22. A rigid bar GH of length L is supported by
a hinge and a spring of stiffness K as
d. rectangular

shown in the figure below. The buckling
load, PCr, for the bar will be
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26. The stepped cantilever is subjected to
moments, M as shown in the figure below.
The vertical deflection at the free end
(neglecting the self weight) is

ML2
a. 0.5 KL a.
8 EI
b. 0.8 KL
c. 1.0 KL ML2
b.
d. 1.2 KL 4 EI
23. The maximum shear stress in a solid shaft ML2
c.
of circular cross-section having diameter 2 EI
subjected to a torque T is . If the torque is d. Zero
increased by four times and the diameter
of the shaft is increased by two times, the
Data for linked answer questions Q.27 & Q. 28
maximum shear stress in the shaft will be
are given below. Solve the problems and choose
a. 2 the correct answers.
b.  Beam GNI is supported by three pontoons as
c. /2 shown in the figure below. The horizontal cross-
d. /4 sectional area of each pontoon is 8 m2, the flexural
24. A vertical rod PQ of length L is fixed at its rigidity of the beam is 10000 kN-m2 and the unit
top end P and has a flange fixed to the weight of water is 10 kN/m3.
bottom end Q. A weight W is dropped
vertically from a height h(<L)onto the
flange. The axial stress in the rod can be
reduced by
a. increasing the length of the rod
b. decreasing the length of the rod
c. decreasing the area of cross-section of
the rod
d. increasing the modulus of elasticity of 27. When the middle pontoon is removed, the
the material deflection at H will be
25. The maximum tensile stress at the section a. 0.2 m
X-X shown in the figure below is V
b. 0.4 m
c. 0.6 m
d. 0.8 m
28. When the middle pontoon is brought back
8P to its position as shown in the figure
a.
bd above, the reaction at H will be
6P a. 8.6 kN
b.
bd b. 15.7 kN
4P c. 19.2 kN
c.
bd d. 24.2 kN
2P 29. The degree of static indeterminacy of the
d. rigid frame having two internal hinges as
bd
shown in the figure below, is
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c. 345
d. 372
33. A reinforced concrete column contains
longitudinal steel equal to 1 percent of net
cross-sectional area of the column.
Assume modular ratio as 10. The loads
a. 8 carried (using the elastic theory) by the
b. 7 longitudinal steel and the net area of
c. 6 concrete, are Ps and Pc respectively. The
d. 5 ratio P/ expressed as per cent is
30. The members E.J and IJ of a steel truss a. 0.1
shown in the figure below are subjected to b. 1
temperature rise of 30 °C. The coefficient c. 1.1
of thermal expansion of steel is 0.000012 d. 10
per °C per unit length. The displacement
34. A pre-tensioned concrete member of
(mm) of joint E relative to joint H along
section 200 mm 250 mm contains tendons
the direction HE of the truss, is
of area 500 mm2 at centre of gravity of the
section. The prestress in the tendons is
1000 N/mm2. Assuming modular ratio as
10, the stress (N/mm2) in concrete is
a. 11
b. 9
c. 7
d. 5

a. 0.255
Data for Q. 34 & Q. 36 are given below. Solve
b. 0.589 the problem and choose the correct answers.
c. 0.764 A reinforced concrete beam of rectangular cross
d. 1.026 section of breadth 230 mm and effective depth
31. The span(s) to be loaded uniformly for 300 mm is subjected to a maximum factored shear
maximum positive (upward) reaction at force of 120 kN. The grades of concrete, main
support P, as shown in the figure below, steel and stirrup steel are M20, Fe415 and Fe250
is(are) respectively. For the area of main steel provided,
the design shear strength as per IS : 456-2000 is
0.48 N/mm2. The beam is designed for collapse
limit state.

a. PQ only 35. The spacing (mm) of 2-legged 8 mm

stirrups to be provided is
b. PQ and QR
a. 40
c. QR and RS
b. 115
d. PQ and RS
c. 250
32. Un-factored maximum bending moments
at a section of a reinforced concrete beam d. 400
resulting from a frame analysis are 36. In addition, the beam is subjected to a
50,80,120 and 180 kNm under dead, live, torque whose factored value is 01.90 kNm.
wind and earthquake loads respectively. The stirrups have to be provided to carry a
The design moment (kNm) as per IS:456- shear (kN) equal to
2000 for the limit state of collapse a. 50.42
(flexure) is b. 130.56
a. 195 c. 151.67
b. 250 d. 200.23
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37. Rivets and bolts subjected to both shear a. 26.6
stress (vf,cal) and axial tensile stress (tf,cal) b. 29.5
shall be so proportioned that the stresses c. 30.0
do not exceed the respective allowable d. 32.6
stresses vf and tf and the value of
42. A pile of 0.50 m diameter and of length 10
  vf ,cal  tf ,cal  m is embedded in a deposit of clay. The
   does not exceed
  vf  tf  undrained strength parameters of the clay
are cohesion = 60 kN/m2 and the angle of
a. 1.0 internal friction = 0. The skin friction
b. 1.2 capacity (kN) of the pile for an adhesion
c. 1.4 factor of 0.6, is
d. 1.8 a. 671
38. A continuous beam is loaded as shown in b. 565
the figure below. Assuming a plastic c. 283
moment capacity equal to M, the minimum d. 106
load at which the beam would collapse is
43. A saturated clay stratum draining both at
the top and bottom undergoes 50 percent
consolidation in 16 years under an applied
load. If an additional drainage layer were
present at the middle of the clay stratum,
4M P 50 percent consolidation would occur in
a.
L a. 2 years
6M P b. 4 years
b. c. 8 years
L
8M P d. 16 years
c. 44. A test plate 30 cm  30 cm resting on a
L
sand deposit settles by 10 mm under a
10M P
d. certain loading intensity. A footing 150cm
L  200 cm resting on the same sand deposit
39. The liquid limit (LL), plastic limit (PL) and loaded to the same load intensity
and shrinkage limit (SL) of a cohesive soil settles by
satisfy the relation a. 2.0 mm
a. LL > PL < SL b. 30.2mm
b. LL > PL > SL c. 27.8mm
c. LL < PL < SL d. 50.0 mm
d. LL < PL > SL
45. A volume of 3.0  106 m3 of groundwater
40. A footing 2m  1 m exerts a uniform was pumped out from an unconfined
pressure of 150kN/m2 on the soil. aquifer uniformly from an area of 5 km2.
Assuming a load dispersion of 2 vertical to The pumping lowered the water table from
1 horizontal, the average vertical stress initial level of 102 m to 99 m. The specific
(kN/m2) at 1.0 m below the footing is yield of the aquifer is
a. 50 a. 0.20
b. 75 b. 0.30
c. 80 c. 0.40
d. 100 d. 0.50
41. A direct shear test was conducted on a
cohesionless soil (c = 0) specimen under a Data for linked answer questions Q. 46 & Q.47
normal stress of 200 kN/m2. The specimen are given below. Solve the problems and choose
failed at a shear stress of 100 kN/m2. The the correct answers.
angle of internal friction of the soil
(degrees) is
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The ground conditions at a site are shown in the d. 1269
figure below. 50. A wastewater sample contains 10–5.6 m
mol/l of OH– ions at 25°C. The pH of this
sample is
a. 8.6
b. 8.4
c. 5.6
d. 5.4
46. The saturated unit weight of the sand 51. Match List-I (Estimation method) with
(kN/m3) is List-II (Corresponding indicator) and
a. 15 select the correct answer using the codes
b. 18 given below the list :
c. 21 List-I
d. 24 P. Azide modified Winkler method for
47. The total stress, pore water pressure and dissolved oxygen
effective stress (kN/m2) at the point P are, Q. Dichromate method for chemical
respectively oxygen demand
a. 75, 50 and 25 R. EDTA titrimetric method for hardness
b. 90, 50 and40 S. Mohr or Argentometric method for
c. 105, 50 and 55 chlorides
d. 120, 50 and 70 List-II
1. Eriochrome Black T
Data for linked answer questions Q. 48 & Q.49 2. Ferroin
are given below. Solve the problems and choose 3. Potassium chromate
the correct answers. 4. Starch
P Q R S
A column is supported on a footing as shown in a. 3 2 1 4
the figure below. The water table is at a depth of
b. 4 2 1 3
10 m below the base of the footing.
c. 4 1 2 3
d. 4 2 3 1
52. Determine the correctness or otherwise of
the following Assertion [A] and the
Reason [R]
Assertion: The crown of the outgoing
larger diameter sewer is always matched
with the crown of incoming smaller
diameter sewer.
48. The net ultimate bearing capacity (kN/m2) Reason: It eliminates backing up of
of the footing based on Terzaghi’s bearing sewage in the incoming smaller diameter
capacity equation is sewer.
a. 216 a. Both [A] and [R] are true and [R] is the
b. 432 correct reason for [A]
c. 630 b. Both [A] and [R] are true but [R] is not
d. 846 the correct reason for [A]
49. The safe load (kN) that the footing can c. Both [A] and [R] are false
carry with a factor of safety 3 is d. [A] is true but [R] is false
a. 282 53. The 5-day BOD of a waste water sample is
b. 648 obtained as 190mg/l (with k = 0.01 h–1).
c. 945 The ultimate oxygen demand (mg/l) of the
sample will be
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a. 3800
b. 475
c. 271
d. 190
54. A water treatment plant is required to
process 28800 m3/d of raw water (density
= 1000 kg/m3, kinematic vicosity = 10–6
a. 1 in 6.0
m2/s). The rapid mixing tank imparts a
velocity gradient of 900 s–1 to blend b. 1 in 5.0
35mg/l of alum with the flow for a c. 1 in 3.4
detention time of 2 minutes. The power d. 1 in 2.5
input (W) required for rapid mixing is 57. Water emerges from an ogee spillway with
a. 32.4 velocity = 13.72 m/s and depth = 0.3 m at
b. 36 its toe. The tail water depth required to
c. 324 form a hydraulic jump at the toe is
d. 32400 a. 6.48 m
55. Match List-I (Terminology) with List-II b. 5.24 m
(Definition/Brief Description) and select c. 3.24 m
the correct answer using the codes given d. 2.24 m
below the lists: 58. An outlet irrigates an area of 20 ha. The
List-I discharge (l/s) required at this outlet to
P. Primary treatment meet the evapotranspiration requirement of
Q. Secondary treatment 20mm occurring uniformly in 20 days
neglecting other field losses is
R. Unit operation
a. 2.52
S. Unit process
b. 2.31
List-II
c. 2.01
1. Contaminant removal by physical
forces d. 1.52
2. Involving biological and/or chemical 59. A roundabout is provided with an average
reaction entry width of 8.4 m, width of weaving
section as 14 in, and length of the weaving
3. Conversion of soluble organic matter
section between channelizing islands as
to biomass
35m.Thecrossingtrafficandtotal traffic on
4. Removal of solid materials from the weaving section are 1000 and 2000
incoming waste water PCU per hour respectively. The nearest
Codes: rounded capacity of the roundabout (in
P Q R S PCU per hour) is
a. 4 3 1 2 a. 3300
b. 4 3 2 1 b. 3700
c. 3 4 2 1 c. 4500
d. 1 2 3 4 d. 5200
56. A weir on a permeable foundation with 60. Design parameters for a signalized
downstream sheet pile is shown in the intersection are shown in the figure below.
figure below. The exit gradient as per The green time calculated for major and
Khosla’s method minor roads are 34 and 18s, respectively.
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d. 2000 vehicles per hour and 40 km per
hour
63. The plan of a survey plotted to a scale of
10 m to 1 cm is reduced in such a way that
a line originally 10cm long now measures
9cm. The area of the reduced plan is
measured as 81 cm2. The actual area (m2)
of the survey is
a. 10000
The critical lane volume on the major mad b. 6561
changes to 444) vehicles per hour per lane c. 1000
and the critical lane volume on the minor d. 656
road remain unchanged. The green time
64. The lengths and bearings of a closed
will
traverse PQRSP are given below.
a. increase for the major road and remain
Line Length(m) Bearing(WCB)
same for the minor mad.
b. increase for the major road and PQ 200 0°
decrease for the minor road. QR 1000 45°
c. decrease for both the roads. RS 907 180°
d. remain unchanged for both the roads. SP ? ?
61. It is proposed to widen and strengthen an The missing length and bearing,
existing 2-lane NH section as a divided respectively of the line SP are
highway. The existing traffic in one a. 207 m and 270°
direction is 2500 commercial vehicles b. 707 m and 270°
(CV) per thy. The construction will take 1 c. 707 m and 180°
year. The design CBR of soil subgrade is d. 907 m and 270°
found to be 5 per cent. Given: traffic
65. The foal length of the object glass of a
growth rate for CV = 8 percent, vehicle
tacheometer is 200 mm, the distance
damage factor = 3.5 (standard axles per
between the vertical axis of the
CV), design life = 10 years and traffic
tacheometer and the optical centre of the
distribution factor = 0.75. The cumulative
object glass is 100mm and the spacing
standard axles (msa) computed are
between the upper and lower line of the
a. 35 diaphragm axis is 4mm. With the line of
b. 37 collimation perfectly horizontal, the staff
c. 65 intercepts are 1 m (top), 2 m (middle), and
d. 70 3 m (bottom). The horizontal distance (m)
62. A linear relationship is observed between between the staff and the instrument
speed and density on a certain section of a station is
highway. The free flow speed is observed a. 100.3
to be 80km per hour and the jam density is b. 103.0
estimated as 100 vehicles per 1cm length. c. 150.0
Based on the above relationship, the d. 153.0
maximum flow expected on this section
66. A road is provided with a horizontal
and the speed at the maximum flow will
circular curve having deflection angle of
respectively be
55° and centre line radius of 250 m. A
a. 8000 vehicles per hour and 80km per transition curve is to be provided at each
hour end of the circular curve of such a length
b. 8000 vehicles per hour and 25 km per that the rate of gain of radial acceleration
hour is 0.3 m/s3 at a speed of 50 km per bout
c. 2000 vehicles per hour and 80km per Length of the transition curve required at
hour each of the ends is
a. 2.57 m
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b. 33.33 m to be physically modeled in the laboratory
c. 35.73 m where maximum available discharge is
d. 1666.67 m 020 m3/s. For a geometrically similar
model based on equality of Froude
67. A light house of 120 m height is just
visible above the horizon from a ship. The number, the length of the river reach (m)
correct distance (m) between the ship add in the model is
the light house considering combined a. 26.4
correction for curvature and refraction, is b. 25.0
a. 39.098 c. 20.5
b. 42.226 d. 18.0
c. 39098
d. 42226 Data for Q.72 and Q.73 are given below. Solve
the problems and choose correct answers.
Data for linked answer questions Q. 68 & Q.69 A rectangular channel 6.0 m wide carries a
are given below. Solve the problems and choose discharge of 16.0 m3/s under uniform flow
the correct answers. condition with normal depth of 1.60 m. Manning’s
‘n’ is 0.015.
A horizontal circular curve with a centre line
radius of 200 m provided on a 2-lane, 2-way SH
section. The width of the 2-lane road is 7.0 m. 72. The longitudinal slope of the channel is
Design speed for this section is 80 km per hour. a. 0.000585
The brake reaction time is 2.4s, and the b. 0.000485
coefficients of friction in longitudinal and lateral c. 0.000385
directions are 0.355 and 0.15, respectively.
d. 0.000285
73. A hump is to be provided on the channel
68. The safe stopping sight distance on the bed. The maximum height of the hump
section is without affecting the upstream flow
a. 221 m condition is
b. 195 m a. 0.50 m
c. 125 m b. 0.40 m
d. 65 m c. 0.30 m
69. The set-back distance from the centre line d. 0.20 m
of the inner lane is 74. The channel width is to be contracted The
a. 7.93 m minimum width to which the channel can
b. 8.10 m be contracted without affecting the
c. 9.60 m upstream flow condition is
d. 9.77 m a. 3.0 m
70. The flow of water (mass density = 1000 b. 3.8 m
kg/m3 and kinematic viscosity = 10m2/s) in c. 4.1 m
a commercial pipe, having equivalent d. 4.5 m
roughness ks as 0.12 mm, yields an
average shear stress at the pipe boundary =
Data for linked answer questions Q.75 and
600 N/m2. The value of ks/( being the Q.76 are given below. Solve the problems and
thickness of laminar sub-layer) for this choose correct answers.
pipe is
An automobile with projected area 2.6 m2 is
a. 0.25 running on a road with a speed of 120 km per
b. 0.50 hour. The mass density and the kinematic
c. 6.0 viscosity of air are l2kg/m3 and 1.5 × 10-5 m2/s,
d. 8.0 respectively. The drag coefficient is 0.30.
71. A river reach of 2.0 kin long with
maximum flood discharge of 10000 m3/s is 75. The drag force on the automobile is
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a. 620 N 81. If probability density function of a random
b. 600 N variable X is
c. 580 N f(x) = x2 for –1  x  1, and
d. 520 N = 0 for any other value of x
76. The metric horse power required to then, the percentage probability
overcome the drag force is  1 1
P    x   is
a. 33.23  3 3
b. 31.23 a. 0.247
c. 23.23 b. 2.47
d. 20.23 c. 24.7
2h  2h d. 247
77. The equation k x  k = 0 can be
x 2 z 2
z
82. The Eigen values of the matrix [P] =
 2h 2h 4 5 
transformed to  = 0 by  2 5 are
xt2 z 2  
substituting a. –7 and 8
k b. –6 and 5
a. xt  x z
kx c. 3 and 4
kx d. 1 and 2
b. xt  x 83. A person on a trip has a choice between
kz
private car and public transport. The
kx probability of using a private car is 0.45.
c. xt  x
kz While using the public transport, further
choices available are bus and metro, out of
kz which the probability of commuting by a
d. xt  x
kx bus is 0.55. In such a situation, the
3 x probability (rounded up to two decimals)
78. The value of    6  x  y  dxdy is
0 0
of using a car, bus and metro, respectively
would be
a. 13.5 a. 0.45,0.30 and 0.25
b. 27.0 b. 0.45,0.25 and 0.30
c. 40.5 c. 0.45,0.55 and 0.00
d. 54.0 d. 0.45,0.35 and 0.20
79. Three values of x and y are to be fitted in a 84. The following simultaneous equations
straight line in the form y = a + bx by the x+y+z=3
method of least squares. Given x = 6, y x + 2y+ 3z = 4
= 21, x2 =14 and xy = 46, the values of x + 4y + kz = 6
a and b are respectively will NOT have a unique solution fork
equal to
a. 2 and 3
a. 0
b. 1 and 2
b. 5
c. 2 and 1
c. 6
d. 3 and 2
d. 7
dy x 
80. Solution of   at x = 1 and y = 3 85. The inner (dot) product of two vectors P
dx y 
is and Q is zero. The angle (degrees)
a. x – y2 = –2 between the two vectors is
b. x + y2 = 4 a. 0
c. x2 – y2 = –2 b. 30
d. x2 + y2 = 4 c. 90
d. 120