CHAPTER THREE

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

3.1 Introduction

This chapter presents the research methodology applied in this study including the

research design, unit of analysis, sample size, sampling technique whereas,

measurement, data collection and data analysis.

3.2 Research Design

To achieve the objective of this study, a cross-sectional design by using quantitative

method will be used in this study and using questionnaire survey. The defining feature

of cross-sectional is that it can compare different population and data collection will be

collected at a time to answer all the research objective. Additional, quantitative

research method will be used in this study which relies on the primary data from a

survey involving social network user in Kuala Lumpur area.

3.3 Unit of Analysis

Unit of analysis refers to the level of aggregation that is focus of the study as

emphasize by Sekaran and Bougie (2009). It is very important to be clear about the

unit of analysis. As the study explore the impact of social networking sites that lead to

the cybercrime, therefore, the unit of analysis is the individual which refers to the youth

of social network user in Kuala Lumpur area.

3.4 Sample size

Sample is a section of the population that a researcher will choose for the study

(Sekaran & Bougie, 2009). The larger the sample size, the lower the error will occur.

The sample size is the number of observations used for calculating the estimation of

a given population. The numbers of entities such as subject, people and elements in

a subset of a population selected for an analysis. The sample will represent the entire

population of study. This allow to make the conclusion of the whole population by

studying and understanding the sample (Sekaran & Bougie, 2009).

In this study, the total population of citizen in Kuala Lumpur area is 1.76 million. The

proposed sample size for this study is 150 respondents. Table 3.1 provides the formula

used for determining the sample size and the formula is used by (Morgan, 2012) to

calculate the proposed sample size :

3.5 Sampling Technique

Sampling can be defined as a process of selecting a sufficient number of the right

elements from the total of the population which makes it easier to generalize the

properties of the characteristics to the population element (Sekaran & Bougie, 2009).

In this study, the purposed sampling technique is probability sampling because the

elements of the population has some probability being selected as sample object.

There are six types of probability sampling which are simple random sampling,

systematic sampling, stratified random sampling (SRS), cluster sampling, area

sampling and double sampling. Thus, the probability that will be used in this study is

stratified random sampling (SRS).

The stratified random sampling (SRS) will be applied in this study to divide members

of the populations within overall population (Sekaran & Bougie, 2009). This sampling

is used to highlight the specific layers within the population. In this study, the members

of the population which are the social network user in Kuala Lumpur will be divided in

strata called gender consisting of male and female. Then, the respondents were

randomly selected from the strata. The advantage of using the stratified sampling is to

ensure the presence of the key sub-group within the sample.

In addition, the target population for this study are the social network user who lives in

Kuala Lumpur. This target group will be chosen because in Kuala Lumpur, the percent

of people who have social network is higher

3.6 Measurement/Instrument

Measurement is the assignment of a number or other symbols to characteristic or

attributes of object according to the personified set of rules (Sekaran & Bougie, 2009).

This study determines the use of social sites, privacy and network security, internet

apprehension and pre-existent features of social sites that lead to the frequency and

intensity of cybercrime in Kuala Lumpur. To retrieve their feedback, a set of

questionnaires will be designed based on variables used in this study.

The questionnaire is a research instrument consisting of a series of question and other

prompt for gathering information from the respondents. It is a set of formalized

question to obtain information from the respondents. The questionnaire for this study

will be developed dual-language, covers both English and Malay language.

The propose questionnaire will be cover six sections:

1. Section A: Demographic Profile

2. Section B: Frequency and Intensity of Cybercrime

3. Section C: The Use of Social Site

4. Section D: Privacy and Network Security

5. Section E: Internet Apprehension

6. Section F: Pre-Existent features of Social sites

The following measurement for each variable used in this study is presented in detail

in the following sub-sections.

3.6.1 Frequency and Intensity of Cybercrime

I spend my time average of 10 to 15 hours each day surfing the internet.

The measurement of