CONFIDENTIAL CS/APR 2010/MAT222/422

UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MARA

FINAL EXAMINATION

COURSE : MATHEMATICAL LOGIC AND PROVING

TECHNIQUES
COURSE CODE : MAT222/422
EXAMINATION : APRIL 2010
TIME : 3 HOURS

INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES

1. This question paper consists of ten (10) questions.

2. Answer ALL questions in the Answer Booklet. Start each answer on a new page.

3. Do not bring any material into the examination room unless permission is given by the
invigilator.

Please check to make sure that this examination pack consists of:

i) the Question Paper

ii) an Answer Booklet - provided by the Faculty

DO NOT TURN THIS PAGE UNTIL YOU ARE TOLD TO DO SO

This examination paper consists of 6 printed pages
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CONFIDENTIAL 2 CS/APR 2010/MAT222/422

QUESTION 1

a) Use the membership tables to determine whether (A n B ) u ( A n B J = B . State the

reason(s) for your answer.
(5 marks)

b) Use the laws of set theory to simplify the following expression. State the laws used.

(AuB)u(AuI).
(5 marks)

QUESTION 2

a) Given a set A = {a, e, {i, o, u}, {e, x}, y}, determine whether each of the following is
TRUE or FALSE.

i. {e, y} c A.

ii. {o, u, i } e A.

iii. |(A)|=52.

iv. fcA.
(2 marks)

b) Draw a Venn diagram that represents the following expression.

(c C\(AUB))\(B\A)
(2 marks)

c) Given the statement: If a is true and b is true, then the conjunction a Ab is true.

i. Identify all the primitive statements.

ii. Write the negation of the given statement.

iii. Give the contrapositive of the given statement.

(6 marks)

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CONFIDENTIAL 3 CS/APR 2010/MAT222/422

QUESTION 3

Given the argument:

[((-.p v q) -> r) A (r -> (s v t)) A (->s A -.U) A (-.U -> -it)] -» p.

State the reasons for the steps given below that are used to validate the argument.

Steps Reasons
1. -iS A -iU premise

2. -iU (a)

3. -^u^^t premise

4. -.t (b)
5. -iS (c)

6. -iS A - i t (d)

7. r->(svt) premise

8. -i(s v t) —> -.r (e)

9. (-.SA-,t)-»-.r (f)

10. -ir (9)

11. (-.p v q ) ^ r premise

12. -i-ipv q) (h)

13. (P A -.q) 0)
14. P G)
(10 marks)

QUESTION 4

a) Show that the following argument is invalid by providing a counterexample.

[(p A q) A (p -> (r A q)) A (r -> (s v t)) A - I S ] -> -tt

(6 marks)

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CONFIDENTIAL 4 CS/APR 2010/MAT222/422

b) Let p(x,y): x2 > y and q(x,y): x + y < 2

If the universe for each x and y consists of real numbers, determine the truth values for
the following statements:

i. p(-3,8)Aq(1,3).

ii. p(2,2)->q(1,1).
(2 marks)

c) Let p(x): x 2 - 8 x + 1 5 = 0 , q(x): x is odd and r(x):x>0

For the universe of all integers, determine the truth or falsity of the following statement.
Give an example or a counterexample.

i. Vx [q(x) ->p(x)].

ii. 3x[p(x)-»(q(x)Ar(x)].
(2 marks)

QUESTION 5

a) Fill the blanks with the words: "forward" or "backward".

i. In the forward-backward method we move from the hypothesis and

move from the conclusion.

ii. Key question are asked based on a statement in the process.

iii. When using previous proposition to prove a new proposition, the previous
hypothesis written in terms of the notation of the current problem becomes the
new statement to prove in the process.

(4 marks)

b) Construct the truth table to determine whether:

i. ( p v q ) H -^q is a tautology, contradiction or contingency,

ii. ((p v q ) e -•q) « - i p v -•q.

iii. ((p v q ) o ->q) => ->p v ^q.

State the reasons for your answers.

(6 marks)

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CONFIDENTIAL 5 CS/APR 2010/MAT222/422

QUESTION 6

Prove that if triangle RST is equilateral, then the area of RST is 7 3 / 4 times the square of
the length of a side. Your answer should have an analysis of the proof and the condensed
proof.
(10 marks)

QUESTION 7

a) For the proposition:

For all integer n, if 5n + 4 is odd, then n is odd.

Fill in the blanks to complete the structure of proof using the contradiction method and
the contra-positive method.

Contradiction method:

Assume that then

Contrapositive method:

Assume that then

(3 marks)

b) Give the analysis of the proof for the proposition in a) by using either the contradiction
or the contrapositive method.
(7 marks)

QUESTION 8

Prove by using the choose method:

If P and Q are two sets defined by

P = { real numbers x : x2 - 25 > 0 }

Q = { real numbers x : x < -5 u x > 5}

then P c Q .

Your answer should have an analysis of the proof and the condensed proof.
(10 marks)

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CONFIDENTIAL 6 CS/APR 2010/MAT222/422

QUESTION 9

a) Give the definition of:

i. an even integer.

ii. an odd integer.

(2 marks)

b) Prove that the sum of the squares of two consecutive positive integers is an odd
number. Your answer should have an analysis of the proof and the condensed proof.
(8 marks)

QUESTION 10

4
a) Evaluate J](2i) 2 f o r i e Z+.
i=i
(1 mark)

b) Prove by induction that

|,(2i)2=2n(n + 1)(2n + 1 ) f o r . £ r

i=1 ^

(7 marks)

c) Use (b) to evaluate 4 + 16 + 36 + ...+ 5184.

(2marks)

END OF QUESTION PAPER

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