LAB WORKSHEET

Day / Date : Monday/ 23rd April 2018

Subject : Chemistry
Lesson : Acid Base Titration
Level : 11 Science A and B
Academic Year : 2017 – 2018

Name/ group : .............................. Note : recorded in national report

I. Objective
 To find the concentration of a unknown acid solution through acid base reactions
 To determine end-point of acid base titration
 To understand acid base titration curve

II. Background

 The analyte (titrand) is the

solution with an unknown
molarity.
 The reagent (titrant/ titrator/
standard solution) is the solution
with a known molarity that will
react with the analyte.

clamp

burrete stand

titrant/ titrator

analyte (titrand)

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Acid-Base Titration Reactions
Acid base titration involve neutralization reaction in order to determine an unknown
concentration. Acid base titrations can be made up of both strong and weak acids and bases. Acid
base titrations often require the use of some kind of indicator depending on the strength of acid or
base that is being titrated. In some cases a weak base or weak acid is used or a pH meter which
reads the pH of the solution being titrated.

The equivalence point, or stoichiometric point, of a chemical reaction is the point at which
chemically equivalent quantities of bases and acids have been mixed. In other words, the moles of
acid are equivalent to the moles of base, according to the equation
(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Equivalence_point). The end point is reached when the indicator
permanently changes color.

III. Materials and apparatus

A. Apparatus B. Materials
1. Erlenmeyer/ conical flask 125 mL 1. NaOH 0.1 M as standard solution
2. Calibrated Burette (titrant)
3. Burette Stand and clamp 2. HCl unknown concentration as
4. Volumetric pipette or measuring cylinder
analyte/ titrand
5. Drop pipette
6. White paper 3. PP indicator
4. Universal indicator

IV. Procedure
1. Make sure burette, volumetric pipette/ measuring cylinder and the conical flask are clean.
2. Place 25 mL of the analyte (HCl) into the erlenmeyer/ conical flask using volumetric pipette
or measuring cylinder.
3. Add three to four drops of the phenolphthalein (PP) indicator into the erlenmeyer flask
4. Swirl the beaker in order to mix the analyte and indicator.
5. Clamp the burette carefully to a burette stand. The tip of the burette should not be touching
any surfaces.
6. Place the standardized solution (NaOH) into the burette
7. Place the erlenmeyer flask containing analyte under the burette
8. Record the initial volume of the burette. Make sure to measure at the bottom of the meniscus.
9. Perform the titration until the end point is reached. The end point is when the indicator
permanently changes color to pale pink. Be sure to swirl the erlenmeyer flask
10. Record the final readings on the burette
11. Repeat the titration three times
12. Calculate the volume of standard solution used by subtracting the initial volume measurement
from the final volume measurement of the burette.
13. Now perform the necessary calculations in order to obtain the concentration of the unknown
solution.

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V. Results
A. Strong Acid + Strong Base
Color of HCl solution + PP indicator in the beginning :____________________
Color of HCl solution + PP indicator in the end point : ____________________
Final volume of volume of
Initial volume of
Titration NaOH 0,1 M NaOH 0,1 M pH
NaOH 0,1 M (mL)
(mL) used (mL)
1
2
3
average

pH universal
V HCl (mL) V NaOH (mL) pH calculation
indicator
1 25 0
2 25 12.5
3 25 25
4 25 40

B. Weak Acid + Strong Base

Color of CH3COOH solution + PP indicator in the beginning :____________________
Color of CH3COOH solution + PP indicator in the end point : ____________________
Final volume of volume of
Initial volume of
Titration NaOH 0,1 M NaOH 0,1 M pH
NaOH 0,1 M (mL)
(mL) used (mL)
1
2
3
average

V CH3COOH V CH3COOH pH universal

pH calculation
(mL) (mL) indicator
1 25 0
2 25 12.5
3 25 25
4 25 40

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VI. Questions
1. Create a pH vs. volume of NaOH used curve for HCl + NaOH and CH3COOH + NaOH
titration!

2. Show the end point of HCl + NaOH and CH3COOH + NaOH titration in titration curve! Is
there any difference from both end points? Explain!

3. Find the concentration/ molarity of HCl and CH3COOH!

VII. Conclusion

Resources
https://chem.libretexts.org/Demos%2C_Techniques%2C_and_Experiments/General_Lab_Techniq
ues/Titration/Acid-Base_Titrations
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