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Homogénea Heterogénea Aerobio Facultativo Anaerobio Enzima Lote Alimentado
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Agitación Agitación
Mecánica Neumática
• Clasificación por fases de la biorreación:
:
(A) Matraz agitado, (B) Tanque agitado , (C) Percolador , (D) Airlift, (E) Tanque agitado con tubo
de arrastre, (F) Airlift de brazo externo, (G) Tambor rotatorio, (H) Fotobiorreactor tipo airlift , (I)
Filtro giratorio, (J) Columna de burbujeo , (K) Tanque aireado y de fase gaseosa (L).
• Clasificación:
• : Homogéneo, Heterogéneo.
• : Mecánica, Neumática
• : microorganismo(anaerobio, facultativo,
aerobio), enzimático.
Que aprendimos hoy?
1. In low shear, there is low mixing which means the bioreactor can be
used for growing plant and animal cells.
2. Since there is no agitation, sterility is easily maintained.
3. In a large vessel, the height of liquid can be as high as 60 m, the
pressure at the bottom of the vessel will increase the oxygen solubility,
and the value of kLa will increase.
4. Extremely large vessels can be constructed. In one single cell protein
plant, the reactor had a total volume of 2300m3 (a column of 7m
diameter and 60m height with a reactor working volume of 1560m3).
Further, in this reactor the microorganisms were grown on methanol for
SCP, the biochemical reaction resulting in an extremely large heat
release. It was not possible to remove such a high exothermic heat of
reaction with a conventional stirred-tank design.
In applications of airlift bioreactor there are various types of fermenter. The
most common airlift bioreactors are pressure cycle, internal and external loop
bioreactors.
Loop Bioreactor
A modified type of airlift system with gas and liquid flow patterns in which a
pump transports the air and liquid through the vessel. Here, an external loop is
used, with a mechanical pump to remove the liquid. Gas and circulated liquid
are injected into the tower through a nozzle.
Scheme of (a) bubble column, (b) air-lift reactor with draft tube, (c) air-lift
fermenter with buffle for internal loop and (d) air-lift fermenter with external loop.
Setup of a lab-scale air-lift reactor
(courtesy of Bioengineering AG, Switzerland)
Air-lift reactors usually provide better mixing than bubble
columns, and the operation range is much broader.
Operating ranges of gas and liquid velocities in bubble column and air-lift reactors
(from Chisti and Moo-Young 1987, modified)
Fixed bed and fluidized bed bioreactors have gained growing
attention in the cultivation of mammalian cells since they allow
cultivation of immobilized cells within macroporous carriers at
very high cell densities.
A fixed bed bioreactor (also referred to as “packed bed
bioreactor”) consists of a vessel filled or packed with carrier
material used as support for immobilization of cells. Whereas in
fixed bed bioreactors the stationary bed of carriers is not agitated,
in fluidized bed bioreactors the carriers are kept floating
(“fluidization”)
Que aprendimos hoy?