Академический Документы
Профессиональный Документы
Культура Документы
A hub is a focal shaft for a turning wheel. On wheeled vehicles, the centre might be settled to the wheels,
pivoting with them, or resolved to its environment, with the wheels turning around the hub. The axles serve to transmit
driving torque to the bike, and in addition to keeping up the position of the wheels with respect to each other and the
vehicle body. The axles in a framework should likewise bear the heaviness of the vehicle in addition to any payload.
The front hub pillar is one of the significant parts of vehicle suspension framework. It houses the controlling get together
too. Around 35 to 40 percent of the aggregate vehicle weight is taken up by the front pivot. Subsequently, the legitimate
outline of the front pivot bar is to a high degree critical. In present research work plan of the front axle for Ashok
Leyland, 1612 Comet substantial business vehicle was finished. The approach in this venture has partitioned into two
stages. In the initial step, the front pivot was outlined by diagnostic strategy. For this, the vehicle determinations, its gross
weight and payload limit to discover the burdens and diversion in the shaft has been utilised. In the second step front
Original Article
pivot were displayed in NX-CAD and coincided in HYPERMESH programming module. The coincided model was
explained in ANSYS programming. The FE results were a contrasted and scientific plan.
Received: Oct 05, 2017; Accepted: Oct 25, 2017; Published: Jan 23, 2018; Paper Id.: IJMPERDFEB201884
INTRODUCTION
To achieve the need to outline a direct auto, (Boujut, J. F. and Blanco, E., 2003), (Jayaram, S, ‘et al.'
1999) the essential specialist should utilise innovative ideas. The requests on the vehicle planner expanded and
changed quickly, first to meet new security prerequisites and later to lessen weight with a specific end goal to fulfil
mileage necessities. (Odenthal, D, ‘et al.' 2012), (Kwasniewski, L, ‘et al.' 2006), (Ono, E, ‘et al.' 1998).
The experience couldn't be stretched out to new vehicle sizes, and execution information was not accessible on the
new criteria. Scientific displaying was in this way a consistent road to investigate. Most as of late, the limited
component strategy, a PC subordinate numerical system, has opened up another way to deal with vehicle outline.
(Veerakumar, P, ‘et al.' 2017), (Allen, R. W, ‘et al.' 1987) Synthesis, growth, spectral, optical and thermal studies
of thiourea family crystal: TTPB stated the thermal analysis of the mechanical systems (Subashini, A, ‘et al.'
2017), (B. Thangalakshmi, Nov 2013).
RELATED WORK
An investigation is made of the impact of tire-mechanics attributes on the conduct of a car experiencing
moves requiring the tires to deliver joined longitudinal and parallel powers. The numerical model utilised to speak
to the vehicle joins wheel rotational degrees of flexibility and connections communicating the longitudinal and
horizontal tire shear drive segments as logical elements of tire standard load, sideslip and slant points, and
www.tjprc.org editor@tjprc.org
764 Ponshanmugakumar A & Rajavel R
longitudinal slip.
(Kim, C. W., ‘et al.' 2005) A three-dimensional method for examination is proposed for the bridge– vehicle
cooperation to explore the dynamic reactions of a steel brace scaffold and vehicles. The overseeing conditions of
movement for a three-dimensional bridge– vehicle association framework considering the roadway surface are determined
to utilise the Lagrange condition of action while the coupled bridge– vehicle collaboration framework is settled employing
Newmark's β technique.
(Tamboli, J. A., & Joshi, S. G. 1999) Vehicles are subjected to arbitrary excitation because of street unevenness
and variable speed. In most research work announced before, the reaction examination for Mean Square Acceleration
Response (MSAR) has been completed by considering the power ghostly thickness (PSD) of the street excitation as
repetitive sound, the speed of the vehicle as consistent. Be that as it may, in the present paper the PSD of the genuine street
excitation has been found to take after a roughly exponentially diminishing bend.
(Shen, S, ‘et al.' 2007) In this article, the issues of progression and solidness for vehicle planar movement
frameworks have been examined. By presenting an alleged joint-point locus approach, equilibria of the structure and their
related dependability properties are given geometrically. With this technique, it is found that the distinction between the
front and the back directing edges assumes a vital part in vehicle framework progression and that the topological structure
of the stage picture and the sorts of bifurcations are not the same as those distributed beforehand.
(Xu, Y. L., & Guo, W. H. 2003) This paper shows an arrangement for performing a dynamic examination of the
coupled street vehicle and link stayed connect frameworks under turbulent breezes. Street vehicles are glorified as a mix of
various inflexible bodies associated with a progression of springs and dampers. A link stayed connect displayed utilizing
the three-dimensional limited component technique.
PROPOSED METHODOLOGY
Design
The front axle support have the ‘ I ’ section beam. And the axle is bent in the two ends. This beam is designed in
the 3D modeling software called solid works with the appropriate dimensions of the front axle and analysed with the
various materials like cast iron and ductile cast iron by using the ANSYS software. The results obtained for various
materials is compared with the steel which is currently used for manufacturing the front axle. Comparison includes the
mechanical properties like stress, strain and total deformations. Finally the material which have the high mechanical
strength is chosen for the further process of the axle manufacturing purposes.
After utilization of limit condition, the model is explained. The removal and stress have been a plot in ANSYS
programming module. The model of the hub is reproduced for two material in particular as Ductile CI and CI.
For Ductile CI
Deflection in the Axle
The above figure shows the result of total deflection of the front axle by using the ANSYS workbench software.
In the figure 2 the multi colors are showed. The colors denote the safe and unsafe portions of the front axle. The blue color
denotes the minimum deformation and the red color denotes the maximum deformations.
Stresses in Axle
The above figure shows the result of total stress of the front axle by using the ANSYS workbench software.
In the figure 3 the multi colors are showed. The colors denote the safe and unsafe portions of the front axle. The blue color
denotes the minimum stress and the green color denotes the maximum stress.
Figure 4: Analysis Result for Total Deflection for SAE 1020 Material
www.tjprc.org editor@tjprc.org
766 Ponshanmugakumar A & Rajavel R
The above figure shows the result of total deflection for SAE 1020 material of the front axle by using the ANSYS
workbench software. In the figure 4 the multi colors are showed. The colors denote the safe and unsafe portions of the front
axle. The blue color denotes the minimum deflection and the red color denotes the maximum deflection.
Figure 5: Analysis Result for Total Stress for SAE 1020 Material
The above figure shows the result of total stress for SAE 1020 material of the front axle by using the ANSYS
workbench software. In the figure 5 the multi colors are showed. The colors denote the safe and unsafe portions of the front
axle. The blue color denotes the minimum stress and the red color denotes the maximum stress.
CONCLUSIONS
From the above outcomes appeared in table 4.3 unmistakably the greatest redirection in the hub is for SAE 1020
materials yet in the meantime, the most extreme anxiety dispersion is low for SAE 1020 than Ductile Cast Iron. Along
these lines, that SAE 1020 is better material for assembling of the hub than Ductile Cast Iron. Under vertical stacking case,
greatest anxiety is beneath spring cushion area. Along these lines, the life is least of beneath cushion area and most extreme
stretch area is in the goose neck of hub for vertical and braking case. The relationship between's anxiety comes about
because of a logical count and from FEA guarantees that the work size and displaying approach utilised for the part were
very much characterized. At last, we could convey a safe and approve configuration to suit the necessities of the venture.
REFERENCES
1. Boujut, J. F. and Blanco, E., (2003). Intermediary objects as a means to foster co-operation in engineering design. Computer
Supported Cooperative Work (CSCW), 12(2), pp.205-219.
2. Jayaram, S., Jayaram, U and K. and Hart, P., (1999). VADE: An environment design of virtual assembly. IEEE Computer
Graphics and Applications, 19(6), pp.44-50.
3. Veerakumar, P. and Dheepak, (2017). Programmable logic control based automatic control for conveyor system,
International Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Technology, 8(3), pp. 229-235.
4. Rajasekhar J, Sama Bhargav & Sagina Doondi Nagarjuna, Reducing Effect of Bending Load and Torque Load on a Heavy
Vehicle Front Axle Using Composites, International Journal of Mechanical and Production Engineering Research and
Development (IJMPERD), Volume 3, Issue 4, September - October 2013, pp. 99-106
5. Subashini, A., Rajarajan, K. and Sagadevan, S., (2017). Synthesis, growth, spectral, optical and thermal studies of thiourea
family crystal: TTPB. Materials Research Express, 4(2), p.026202.
6. Kim, C. W., Kawatani, M., & Kim, K. B. (2005). Three-dimensional dynamic analysis for bridge-vehicle interaction with
roadway roughness. Computers & Structures, 83(19), 1627-1645.
7. Tamboli, J. A., & Joshi, S. G. (1999). Optimum design of a passive suspension system of a vehicle subjected to actual random
road excitations. Journal of sound and vibration, 219(2), 193-205.
8. Shen, S., Wang, J., Shi, P., & Premier, G. (2007). Nonlinear dynamics and stability analysis of vehicle plane motions. Vehicle
System Dynamics, 45(1), 15-35.
9. Xu, Y. L., & Guo, W. H. (2003). Dynamic analysis of coupled road vehicle and cable-stayed bridge systems under the turbulent
wind. Engineering Structures, 25(4), 473-486.
10. Odenthal, D., Bunte, T., & Ackermann, J. (2012, August). Braking control for the light vehicle. In Control Conference (ECC),
2012 European (pp. 598-603). IEEE.
11. Kwasniewski, L., Li, H., Wekezer, J., & Malachowski, J. (2006). Finite element analysis of vehicle-bridge interaction. Finite
Elements in Analysis and Design, 42(11), 950-959.
12. Allen, R. W., Rosenthal, T. J., & Szostak, H. T. (1987). Steady state and transient analysis of ground vehicle handling (No.
870495). SAE Technical Paper.
13. B. Thangalakshmi, (Nov 2013) Energy Detection Based Spectrum Sensing In Cognitive Radio Network, ijmsr, Vol.5, No.1.
www.tjprc.org editor@tjprc.org