04.03.

2012

Application no. 1
SURVEYING CALCULATION
Application theme:

In order to establish the position of points depending on a reference

coordinates system, related to the Earth's surface it is necessary the knowledge
of some esential surveying calculations.

Input data :

The space rectangular coordinates (X,Y,Z) of 45 and 51 points from the

triangular network, in table 1.

The measurments for establishing the space position of new point 101:

-the horizontal angle: 𝛽101

-the zenithal angle: 𝑧101

-the ground distance: 𝑑𝑖 45−101

Station Aimed The The The The space rectangular Point

point point ground zenithal horizontal coordinates no.
distance angle angle
X(m) Y(m) Z(m)
𝑑𝑖 (m) (𝑧 𝑔,𝑐,𝑐𝑐 ) (𝛽 𝑔,𝑐,𝑐𝑐 )
∆51 - - 0𝑔 00𝑐 2421,69 1833,12 231,96 ∆51
∆45
○ 101 132,87 94𝑔 51𝑐 131𝑔 74𝑐 1735,55 2351,12 164,67 ∆45
(TABLE 1)

For modified values

𝑑𝑖 45−101 = 132,75 + 0,01 ∗ 12 = 132,87 m

𝑋45 = 1735,43 + 0,01 ∗ 12 = 132,87 𝑚

𝑍45 = 164,55 + 0,01 ∗ 12 = 164,67 𝑚

The application will consist of:

1) The determination of the grid bearing and the horizontal distance, from
coordinates 𝜃45−51 ; 𝑑0 45−51 ;

2) Determination by transfer of the grid bearing (𝜃45−101 );

3) Determination of the distance reduced to the horzon and the difference

between points 45 and 101 ( 𝑑0 45−101 ; ∆𝑍45−101 );

4) Determination of the plan rectangular coordinates ∆𝑋45−101 and ∆𝑌45−101 ;

5) Determination of the space rectangular coordinates of the new point 101

(𝑋101 ; 𝑌101 ; 𝑍101 )

The grid bearing is the angle measured clockwise from the north geographic
direction until the given direction. The grid bearing has value between 0-400𝑔 .

1) The determination of 𝜃45−51 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑑 0 45−51 ;

The representantion of the grid bearings in the fourth quadrans (Figure 1):

Ng Ng
IV I
B B
𝐼
𝛽4 𝛽1 = 𝜃𝐴𝐵

Ng A
𝐼𝑉
𝜃𝐴𝐵 A Ng

𝐼𝐼𝐼
III 𝜃𝐴𝐵
𝐼𝐼
𝜃𝐴𝐵
A A II

𝛽3 𝛽2
B B

Figure 1
∆𝑋𝐴𝐵 =𝑋𝐵 − 𝑋𝐴 ∆𝑌𝐴𝐵 =𝑌𝐵 − 𝑌𝐴
∆𝑌𝐴𝐵 ∆𝑌𝐴𝐵
tan 𝜃𝐴𝐵 = 𝜃𝐴𝐵 = tan−1
∆𝑋𝐴𝐵 ∆𝑋𝐴𝐵

𝐼 |∆𝑌𝐴𝐵 |
𝜃𝐴𝐵 = 𝛽1 = tan−1 [0𝑔 − 100𝑔 ]
|∆𝑋𝐴𝐵 |

|∆𝑌𝐴𝐵 | 𝐼𝐼
𝛽2 = tan−1 [100𝑔 − 200𝑔 ] 𝜃𝐴𝐵 = 200𝑔 − 𝛽 𝐼𝐼
|−∆𝑋𝐴𝐵 |

|−∆𝑌𝐴𝐵 | 𝐼𝐼𝐼
𝛽3 = tan−1 [200𝑔 − 300𝑔 ] 𝜃𝐴𝐵 = 200𝑔 + 𝛽 𝐼𝐼𝐼
|−∆𝑋𝐴𝐵 |

|−∆𝑌𝐴𝐵 | 𝐼𝑉
𝛽4 = tan−1 [300𝑔 − 400𝑔 ] 𝜃𝐴𝐵 = 400𝑔 − 𝛽 𝐼𝑉
|∆𝑋𝐴𝐵 |

The representantion of points ∆45 and ∆51 in the horizontal plan xOy

the and grid bearing (Figure2)

X

N N

51 𝜃51−45
𝑋51
𝑑0
∆𝑋45−51 𝛽4
𝜃45−51
𝑋45
45

𝑌51 ∆𝑌45−51 𝑌 y
45

Figure 2
|−∆𝑌45−51 |
𝜃45−51 = 400𝑔 − 𝛽4 = 400𝑔 − tan−1
|∆𝑋45−51 |

518𝑚
= 400𝑔 − tan−1 = 362𝑔 95𝑐
686,14𝑚

∆𝑌45−51 = 2351,12 𝑚 − 1833,12 𝑚 = 518𝑚

∆𝑋45−51 = 2421,69 𝑚 − 1735,55 𝑚 = 686,14𝑚

𝑑0 45−51 = √∆𝑋 2 + ∆𝑌 2 =√686,142 + 5182 = 859,71

2) Determination by transfer of the grid bearing 𝜃45−101 :

51 𝑁𝑔
51
51
51
101