L-4ff-lIME Date: 07/12/2014

BANGLADESH;.UNIVERSI)'Y OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY, DHAKA

L-4/T-l B. Sc. Engineering Examinations 2012-2013

Sub: ME 401 (Internal Combustion Engines)

Full Marks: 210 Time: 3 Hours

USE SEP ARA TE SCRIPTS FOR EACH SECTION
The figures in the margin indicate full marks.

SECTION-A
There are FOUR questions in this section. Answer any THREE.
Assume reasonable values for missing data (if any). Symbols have their usual meanings.

1. (a) Describe, with neat sketches, the features of two-stroke and four-stroke cycle 81 and

CI engines. (15)
(b) Why should new engines be operated at low speeds and loads? (5)
(c) A 2.2 litre four cylinder in-line 81 engine has a bore of 87.5 mm and a stroke of 92
mm. The compression ratio of the engine is 8.9. The engine develops a maximum power

of 65 kW at 5000 rpm. Calculate the mean piston speed, bmep, and specific power. (15)

2. (a) Two-stroke cycle engine develops less than twice the power of an equivalent fOlJr-
stroke cycle engine at the same engine speed. State the reasons why this potential

advantage of the two-stroke cycle is offset in practice. (8)

(b) What is scavenging? Distinguish between cross, loop, and through scavenging. (10)
(c) What is a stratified charge engine? How is charge stratification achieved? (8)
(d) Discuss, with neat sketch, how heat is transferred from the exhaust valves of IC
(9)
engmes.

3. (a) Draw a typical distillation curve for SI engine fuels and discuss its significance. (12)
(b) What is equivalent air distillation (EAD)? Explain briefly. (10)

(c) Discuss the important qualities of SI and CI engiI}e fuels. (13)

4. (a) Briefly discuss, with appropriate figure, the air-fuel ratio requirements of an SI

Engine from no load to full load. How are these requirements met in an EFI system? (13)
(b) Describe, with neat sketches, the unit injector system used in CI engines. What are

its merits and demerits over the common-rail system? (12)

(c) S~;.engines fitted with three-way catalytic converters (TWCC) should have an
electronic fuel metering system - explain the statement with the help of the curves

showing variation of various pollutants with fuel-air equivalence ratio. (10)

Contd PI2
 =2=

ME 401/ME ,."

SECTION -B
There are FOUR questions in this section. Answer any THREE.
Symbols have their usual meanings.

5. (a) Briefly explain the physical meaning of 'laminate burning veloci~y' and 'laminar
flame speed'. Show typical effects of (15)
(i) equivalence ratio
(ii) initial mixture pressure
on laminar burning velocity.
(b) For methane + air combustion (15)
Hreac (298 K) = -74831 MJ/kmol
Hpnod (298 K) = -877238 MJ/kmol
Estimate the lower and higher heating values of methane at constant temperature and at
constant volume.
(c)Write a short note on 'SIT'. (5)

6. (a) Briefly explain the essential features of combustion in SI engines. Mention the

empirical rules for MBT timing in SI engines. (15)

(b) Briefly explain the phase of CI engine combustion. Make a briefly comparison
between SI engine combustion and CI engine combustion. (15)
(c) Identify 3 zones present in Gas Turbine combustion. (5)

7. (a) Draw a typical valve timing diagram of a SI engine. Briefly explain the deviations of
spark timing, inlet and exhaust valve opening and closing from ideal cycle. (15)
(b) Define volumetric efficiency of an engine. Identify the key factors affecting the
volumetric efficiency and present the 'dimensional analysis' approach to account some
of the key factors. (15)
(c) Estimate intake and exhaust valve sizes of an engine with maximum speed of 7000
rpm. Given that, y = 1.4, bore = stroke = 0.1 m and Tj = 330 K. (5)

(15)
L-4ff-l/ME Date: 13/12/2014
BANGLADESH UNIVERSITY OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY, DHAKA
L-4/T-I B. Sc. Engineering Examinations 2012-2013

Sub: ME 421 (Fluid Machinery)

Full Marks: 210 Time: 3 Hours

USE SEPARATE SCRIPTS FOR EACH SECTION
The figures in the margin indicate full marks.

SECTION -A
There are FOUR questions in this section. Answer any THREE.
Assume reasonable values for missing data.
The symbols have their usual meanings.

1. (a) Why the buckets of a Pelton wheel deflect the jet through an angle of 165°? Explain

the working proportions of Pelton turbine. (17)

(b) A water jet of 35 mm diameter is striking a series of blades at an angle of 0° with an
absolute velocity of 80 mls. After striking the blade the jet is deflected through an angle
of 160°. If the relative velocity is reduced by 10% due to friction, find (i) the velocity of

blade for maximum efficiency, (ii) the force acting on the blade and its direction. (18)

2. (a) Differentiate between main characteristic and operating characteristic curves of

hydraulic turbines. Give the details on the construction of constantefficie!1cy curves of

hydraulic turbine. (17) I

(b) An inward flow reaction turbine develops 220 kW at 150 rpm under a head of 10 m.
The overall efficiency of the turbine is 75% and the hydraulic losses in the turbine are
24% of the available energy. The speed ratio is 0.26 and the flow ratio is 0.96. If the
discharge is radial at the outlet, find the guide blade angle, vane angle at inlet and the

width of the wheel at inlet. (18)

3. (a) What is specific speed of a turbine? Derive the expression for the specific speed of a
I

turbine and explain its practical utility. (17)

(b) The runner of a Pelton turbine was built according to the following specifications:

Pt = 17,100 hp, H = 515 m, Q = 2,940 lit/sec, N = 300 rpm. (18)

Find the specifications of a one-ninth scale model of this turbine assuming the
efficiencies of the two turbines to be the same. Assume that the scale is applicable for

head of the model turbine.

eontd P/2
 =2=

ME 421/ME

4: (a) The figures below relate to a test on a water turbine working under its design head of

8.55 m. (18)

Unit power (hp) 11.9 12.45 12.80 12.80 12.6 12.15

Unit speed 56 65 74 83 92 100

Mass flow (kg/sec) 3540 3480 3400 3320 3200 3100 .

Plot the curve of overall efficiency against unit speed. Find the turbine speed at
maximum efficiency, hence the specific speed of the machine.
(b) Write the differences among the fan, blower and compressor. For axial flow fan

derive the relation- (17)

_ 4II~P
CL-
wooP wzl
where the symbols have their usual meanings.

SECTION-B
There are FOUR questions in this section. Answer any THREE.
Assume any missing data.

5. (a) Estimate the effect of wall friction in the suction and delivery pipes of a
reciprocating pump and find ap. expression of the total work done by a single acting
reciprocating pump. (15+5)
Sketch and label the indicator diagram considering both piston acceleration and pipe

friction.
(b) A single acting reciprocating pump is made of a barrel of 500 mm bore and 500 mm
stroke, respectively. The pump delivers 0.11 m3/s of water against a head of 100 m. The
head loss due to friction in the suction and the delivery pipes are 2 m and 14 m,
respectively. The velocity of water in the pipe is 1.5 mls. If the pump efficiency is 92%
and the slip is 5%, calculate the speed of the pump and the power required to drive the

pump. (15)

6. (a) A centrifugal water pump rotates at 500 rpm. The impeller has uniform blade widths
bl = 50 mm, b2 = 25 mm, and radii rl = 40 mm, r2 = 125 mm. The blade angles are PI =
45°, P2 = 30°. Assuming no angular momentum of fluid at the blade entrance, determine
the ideal flow rate, pressure head rise across the impeller, and the theoretical torque and

power requirements. (20)

(b) A pump is designed to operate under optimum conditions at 600 rpm when
delivering water at 22.7 m3/min against a head of 19.5 m. What type of pump is

recommended for this operation? (15)

Contd P/3
 =3=

ME 421/ME

7. (a) In the figure for Q. 7(a), water flows through the pump at a rate of 50 LIs. The
J

allowable NPSH provided by the manufacturer at that flow is 3 m. Determine the

maximum height ~z above the water surface that the pump can be located to operate

without cavitating. Include all losses in the suction pipe. (20)

7m-.1
.J.
Pipe diameter •• 10 em. f 2 0.Q15

Flanged long sweep

elbows (K"' 0.19)

Reentrant
entrance
(K " 0.8)

Figure for Q7(a)

(b) Differentiate between hydrostatic transmissions and hydrodynamic transmissions. (5)

(c) Write short notes on any two: (10)
(i) Torque converter (ii) Torque motor (iii) Variable displacement vane pump

8. (a) The following pe.rformance data were obtained from a test on a 216 rom diameter

centrifugal pump moving water at a constant speed of 1350 rpm. (25)

Q (m3/min) 0 0.454 0.905 1.36 1.81 2.27 2.72 3.80

H(m) 12.2 12.8 13.1 13.4 13.4 13.1 12.2 11.0

TJ 0 0.26 0.46 0.59 0.70 0.78 0.78 0.74

Plot head, power and efficiency against discharge. If the pump operates in a system
whose demand curve is given by 5 + Q2, find the discharge and the power required. In

the demand curve, Q is given in m3/min.

(b) If the pump described in Q8(a) is run at 1200 rpm, find the discharge, head and
required power. Is the operating efficiency under these conditions the same as the pump

running at 1350 rpm? (10)

L-4/T-l/ME Date: 05/0112015
BANGLADESH UNIVERSITY OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY, DHAKA
L-4/T-l R Sc. Engineering Examinations 2012-2013
Sub: ME 441 (Theory of Structures)

Full Marks: 210 Time: 3 Hours

USE SEPARATE SCRIPTS FOR EACH SECTION

_ _--_ _ _
The figures in the margin indicate full marks.
__
_ .._-_ _. _--_ _-_._._-- _-_ __ - _ __ _ _ .._ .

SECTION-A
There are FOUR questions in this section. Answer any THREE.
Symbols have their usual meaning.

1. (a) With neat sketches, show all possible types of loading that may exist at the edges of
a thin rectangular plate. Also give brief descriptions of the symbols used to represent the

loadings. (17)

(b) Suppose a 2-D function is given as (18)

w(x, y) = A lx2 y2 - bx2y - axy2 + a~xy J

where A is an arbitrary constant.

(i) Find the condition for the function to be a deflection function of a thin
rectangular plate of sides a and b, which is subjected to a uniform loading of
intensity qo.
(ii) Test the suitability of the function for the case of a plate rigidly fixed at its

ends.

2. (a) Give the physical and mathematical interpretations of the boundary conditions

required to solve the following plate problem (Fig. for Q. 2(a). (17)

Giver,. that, plate ends AC and CE are simply-supported, and those of AB and BD are
i

rigidly fixed.

Contd P12
 =2=

ME 441/ME
Contd ... Q. No.2

(b) Briefly explain the governing equations and the end conditions required to solve the

following problems of Sprint-supported Cantilever beam. [See Fig. for Q. 2(b)] . (18)
------_.--_._---_ ....

qunit per length

..• 1

Linear spring, KI

Torsional spring, K2
q unit per length

Figure for Q. 2(b)

3. (a) Explain the concepts of 'Strain energy' and 'Complementary energy'. (17)
Show that for a linear elastic material, the strain energy and complementary energy are
interchangeable.
(b) For the simply-supported beam shown in Fig. for Q. 3(b), find an approximate

solution of deflection using stationary potential energy method. (18)

Find the maximum deflection of the beam and comment on the accuracy of the
approximate solution.

//2

T-~-'-------
y
I

Figure for Q. 3(b)

Contd P/3
 =3=

ME 441/ME

4. (a) With suitable mathematical interpretations describe Lagrange's energy method for

analyzing the problems of mechanical vibration. (17)

(b) Define 'Degrees of freedom' ofa vibratory system. (18)
Derive the equations of motion for the coupled pendulum shown in Fig. for Q. 4(b)

using Lagrange's energy approach.

SECTION-B
There are FOUR questions in this section. Answer any THREE.

5. (a) State and prove the reciprocity theorem of shear stresses. (15)
(b) How many components of stresses are necessary to completely define the state of

stress of a point within a body? Why? (5)

(c) Prove the following relation for volumetric strain (15)
ev=(6x+6y+6z)

Contd P/4
 =4=

ME 441/ME

6. (a) Differentiate between plane strain and plain stress problems. (5) ,

(b) The displacement field of a deformed elastic body is given by. (15)
u = (x2 +6y+ 6xy)xI0-5unit
v = (yz) x 10-5 unit
w = (xy + yz2 )x 10-5 unit
(i) Find the state of strain at a point within the body with Cartesian coordinates
(1,5,3).

(ii) Find the state of stress at the same point taking E = 30 xl 06 psi and v = 0.3.

(c) Test the validity of the following function as a stress function, t/J = Ai. If the
function is valid, illustrate the corresponding state of stresses on a rectangular plane
geometry. (15)

7. (a) Show that the limiting value of Poisson's ratio for any material is v ~ 0.5. (15)
(b) Consider the following functions: (20)
Bx = axy2 rxy=O
a#O
By = ax2y and r yz = az 2 + by where
b#O
Bz = axy rxy =ax2 +by2

Can these functions describe the stain field in a continuum elastic medium under no
body force condition? Justify.

8. (a) What assumptions are necessary for warping function formulation of a solid bar
under torsion? (5)
(b) Determine the stress distributions in cylindrical bar of elliptical cross-section
subjected to uniform torque using stress function formulation. (15)
(c) Show that the stress function t/J = k~2 - a2 ) is applicable to the solution of a solid
circular cylindrical bar of radius 'a', under uniform torsion. Also determine the
following: (15) .
(i) Maximum stress in terms of applied torque
(ii) Rate of twist
(iii) Warping displacement of cross-section.
L-4ff-l/ME Date: 05/0112015
BANGLADESH UNIVERSITY OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY, DHAKA
L-4/T-l B. Sc. Engineering Examinations 2012-2013
Sub: ME 445 (Noise and Vibration)
Full Marks: 210 Time: 3 Hours
. USE SEPARATE SCRIPTS FOR EACH SECTION

SECTION-A
There are FOUR questions in this section. Answer any THREE.
The figures in the margin indicate full marks.
Assume reasonably any missing data. Symbols carry their meaning.

I. (a) What are the basic requirements of a medium to transmit sound? (12)
Sketch a standard acoustic board. Explain how it can arsorb and reflect noise.
(b) List noise sources of an HVAC system. Explain with sketches how nOIse IS
attenuated ina duct. What measures should be taken when the duct must cross a
partition wall? . (11)
(c) A point source uniformly radiates sound at a frequency of 1.2 kHz. At a distance of
10 m from the source SIL is observed to be 85 dB. Assume freely progressive sinusoidal
wave and calculate: (12)
P nns, I, X and acoustic energy density at the observation poiQ,t.Take pc = 406 ray/so

2. (a) Sketch a sound measuring system and state the functions of followings: (10)
transducer, preamplifier, weighting filters and the rectifier.
(b) With a sketch describe how noise is attenuated in a reactive silencer. (10)
(c) List the six major sources of noise from a diesel generator set. Describe briefly how .
such noise can be attenuated. (10)
(d) List all requirements of a good acoustic auditorium. (5)

3. (a) Define following terms: Direct sound field, reverberant sound field and directivity
factor .. (9)
(b) Dimensions of a machine room is 15x 10x2.5 m. Absorption coefficients: 0.05 for
floor and ceiling, 0.25 for side walls. . (14)
A worker receives SIL of 90 dB at a distance 10m from a heavy duty pump that creates
the noise. If the directivity factor is 3 at worker's position, calculate acoustic power of
the pump.
(c) With sketches write down the specific functions of followings in machine
foundation: inertia base, springs and flexible connectors. (12)

4. (a) With sketches describe the standard practice to install a heavy duty pump with pipes
that carry liquid, drain pipe and electric cables. (12)
(b) An observer receives 55 dB, 50 dB and 45 dB (in terms of SIL) from three sound
sources at different frequencies. Take, pc = 406 ray/so Calculate at the observer's
position: (12)
resultant SIL, rms value of total pressure and particle velocity.
Contd P/2
 =2=

ME 445/ME
A.,X B
(c)
.~=.- =.' .-7<--~6 (11)

One dimensional sound wave equation is given as:

a&22p 1
= C2
a0(2
2
p

With reference to FIG. 4(c), pressure gradient is zero at x = 0 and pressure is Psin w( at
x = 1. Derive the expression for p(x,t) and hence evaluate p(x,() at x =f;i.

SECTION-B -
There are FOUR questions in this section. Answer any THREE.
The questions are of equal value.

5. (a) An external torque To sin OJ( is applied to the free end of a uniform shaft of length L
and diameter d. Find the steady state vibration of the shaft.
(b) For free vibration of an automobile as a TDOFS, draw the free body diagram and
deduce the governing equation of motion. Specify, if there is any coupling of
coordinates.

6. (a) A homogeneous sphere of radius r and mass m is free to roll without slipping on a
spherical surface of radius R. If the motion of the sphere is restricted to a vertical plane,
determine the natural frequency of oscillation of the sphere.
(b) For a SDOF system, having harmonically excited vibrations, following data is given,
m = 250 kg, k = 2.5 MN/m, damping ratio = 0.2, (i) Draw the system and write the
governing equation (ii) Draw the force polygon, corresponding to resonance (iii) If
frequency rates (m/ron) is 2, find the phase angle ~, and non-dimensional force kXlFo.

7. (a) Write short note on (i) Accelerometer (ii) Lenchester damper.

(b) A machine of 300 kg is supported on spring. Its static deflection is 6 mm, damping
ratio = 0.18. Find (i) natural frequencies of free vibration with and without damping and
(ii) spring stiffness.
When started, forced vibration is produced due to rotating imbalance. By varying speed
the resonant amplitude of 10 mm was recorded at critical speed. (iii) Find the amount of
rotating imbalance and calculate amplitude of vibration at a speed ratio of 10.

8. (a) Define with sketch an untuned linear viscous damper. Write the governing equations .
.Plot the response versus speed ratio curve for the main mess and hence define the
optimum damping ratio.
(b) A engine weighing 8 kg runs at 5000 rpm (equal to resonant frequency). A tuned
linear vibration absorber weighing 2.5 kg is attached to it so that the amplitude of the
engine is zero~ Find the magnitude of the impressed force if amplitude of the absorber is
0.01 m.
L-4/T-l/ME Date: 05/0112015
BANGLADESH UNIVERSITY OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY, DHAKA
I: •

L-4/T -I B. Sc. Engineering Examinations 2012-20 I j

Sub ': ME 461 (Control Engineering)

Full Marks: 210 Time: 3 Hours

USE SEPARATE SCRIPTS FOR EACH SECTION

The figures in the margin indicate full marks.

Symbols indicate their usual meaning. Assume reasonable value for any missing data.

SECTION'-A
There are FOUR questions in this section. Answer any THREE.

1. (a) Define poles and zeros of a transfer function and describe how they are related to the

stability of a control system. (10)

(b) Write down Routh-Hurwitz criterion for stability. Explain its limitations. (10)
(c) Define frequency response as applied to a physical system. What are the basic two

ways to plot the frequency response? (10}

(d) What is "system type number"? (5)

2. (a) For a non-unity feedback system with (12)

() 10(s + 10) ()
Gs= ( ),Hs=S+4,
ss+2
find (i) the system type,(ii) the appropriate error constant associated with the system

type, and (iii) the steady state error for a unit step input.

(b) A system has a pair of complex conjugate poles ii, P2 = -lIj2, a single real zero

Zl = -4 , and a gain factor K = 3. Find the differential equation representing the system. (8)

(c) A closed-loop system is used to track the sun to obtain the maximum power from a
photovoltaic array. The tracking system may be represented by figure below with

H(s) = I and G(s) = 100/(r.Y + I), where t' = 3 seconds normally. Calculate (i) the

sensitivity of the system for a small change in 't and (ii) the time constant of the system

response. (15)

R(s) E.(s) C(,r)

+ G(3)

B(S)
H{s)

___ --Ei9ure for Q. No. 21c)

Contd P/2
 =2=~

ME 461/ME '.

3. Consider a unity feedback system where, '" . (35)

K
a(s) .= s(s + 3) (S2 + 2s + 2 )
Do the following:
(i) sketch the root locus;
(ii) find the asymptotes,
(iii) find the range of gain K that makes the system stable, :

(iv) find the breakaway and the jro-axis ~rossing points,

(v) find the angle of departure from the complex poles.

4. (a) Construct a Bode plot for a system with open loop transfer function. (30)

G(s) = 200 .
(s +2)(s + 4)(s + 5)
Determine the following:
(i) the gain margin,

(ii) the phase margin and

(iii) the ~ature of stability.
(b) What are the adv'antages of using Bode plot for frequency'response analysis? (5)

~ECTION-B
There are FOUR questions in this section. Answer any THREE.

0.-
S. (a) Solve for x(t) in the system shown in Figure 5(W) iff(t) is a unitstep. (17)

x(J)
M = I kg
Ks=5 N/ai
tv= 1 N-slm
1(/) = u(t)N
;,,~Jlt,%t;(~(i. 1(0

(b) Define time constant, rise time, peak time, and settling time. For the system shown

in Figure 5(b), do the.following: (18)

(i) Find the transfer function G(s) = X(s)1 F(s)
. . (ii) Find (; Wn; %OS; Ts; Tr •

/(1)

5 N-s1m
Contd P/3
........
f.!g~r~.?{~L
..•.................
,..
 =3=

ME461/ME ,.

6. (a) Obtain the complete solution for the following equation that represents a second-

order system: (23)

for, (i) ; = 0 (ii) ; = 1 (iii) ; < 1 (iv) ; > 1. Assume all initial conditions are to be

zero. Hence, show the step response of a second-order for these different damping

conditions.
(b) Show that for an under damped second order. system, peak time, Tp can be evaluated

(12)

7. (a) Reduce the block diagram shown in Figure 7(a) to a single block, r(s)=C(s)IR(s). (18)

G8(S) C(s)

(b) Design the values of K] and K2 in the system of Figure 7(b) to meet the following

specifications: Steady-state error component due to a unit step disturbance is 0.000016;

steady-state error component due to a unit ramp input is 0.005. (17)

D(s)

R(s) + Kt(s +2)

(.I + 3)

Contd P/4
 =4=

ME 461/ME

8. (a) Develop the mathematical model of the armature controlled DC motor of the Figure
8(a). Hence deduce the transfer function of the model and show the model in a block

diagram. «18)

....._ .f.igllfe.~{a)

(b) Briefly describe proportional (P), integral (I), and derivative (D) controllers. Explain

how these three elements of the PID control system work together to create a practical

control system. (17)

L-4/T-l/ME Date: 05/0112015
BANGLADESH UNIVERSITY OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY, DHAKA
L-4/T -1 B. Sc. Engineering Examinations 2012-2013
Sub: ME 469 (Nuclear Engineering)
Full Marks: 210, Time: 3 Hours
USE SEPARATE SCRIPTS FOR EACH SECTION

_ _ __ _---_ _ -
The figures in the margin indicate full marks.
_ _ _ _ _ _ .._------_ _-_ .................•. - _---
SECTION-A
There are FOUR questions in this section. Answer any THREE.

eolA \o~¥"f\ -
1. (a) Describe the procedure for calibration of a coMrol rod in a nuclear reactor. (7)
(b) How radiation exposure can be reduced? What do you mean by penetrating power of
radiation? Describe the interaction of radiation with matter. (10)
(c) What do you mean by fission product decay heating? A certain 235U fueled reactor
operates at a thermal power of 1000 MW for 1.5 yrs and is then shutdown. Estimate the
decay energy at the times; at shutdown; 2 hrs after shutdown; 1 year after shutd~wn.
Hence discuss your findings. (18)

2. (a) Name a list of materials that we generally used in the manufacturing of the different

components of a nuclear power reactor. (10)

(b) Describe the effects of neutron irradiation on the mechanical behaviour of metallic
materials. (10)
(c) What do you mean by nuclear reactor safety system? Briefly describe with proper
, .
sketches and examples. (15)

3. (a) What do you mean by typical coolant sub-channel of a nuclear power reactor?
Describe with sketches. (7)
(b) How do the actual heat-flux, estimated critical heat-flux and DNB ratio vary along
the fuel rod of a power reactor. Describe with neat sketches. (8)
(c) What are the factors that one should consider in designing nuclear reactor? Describe. (10)
(d) Calculate the surface temperature of a fuel rod in a reactor core under sub-cooled
forced convective boiling conditions at a system pressure of 9 MPa when the average
heat-flux is (i) 1 MW/m2 (ii) 6 MW/m2. The saturation temperature of water is 290°C.

Discuss the findings. (10)

4. (a) What do you mean by LOCA? How does cladding temperature system pressure vary
with time during initial stage of LOCA in PWR? Describe. (7)
(b) What are the multiple barriers to prevent the escape of radioactivity from nuclear <g
reactors? Describe. p)
(c) What do you mean by Decommissioning of a nuclear power plant? Describe briefly
the activities during decommissioning of a nuclear reactor with a block diagram. (8)
(d) Write short note on lessons learnt from Fukushema Daichi and Chemobil nuclear
accidents. (12)
Contd P/2
 =2=
ME 469/ME

SECTION -B
There are FOUR questions in this section. Ans'Yer any THREE.

5. (a) What do you mean by binding energy? Describe its variation with atomic mass
number. (8)
(b) Give a hypothetical neutron flux distribution in a thermal reactor. What do you mean
by moderation of neutron by elastic collision? 1,..List.•..the .v~ious
I ~ •
possible events that may
occur during the life time of neutron in a thermal reactor._ (12)
(c) How do fission product yields vary with mass number? Describe with proper

sketches. (5)
(d) How do mass attenuation coefficients vary with gamma ray energy? Describe its
physical meaning. What are the differences between a thermal reactor and a first
reactor? (10)

6. (a) Name the Commercial Nuclear Power reactor types. Briefly classify from various
viewpoint and describe their basic features. (10)
(b) Give a complete schematic diagram ofPWR reactor. (8)
(c) What are the specific features ofGEN III+ Nuclear Power reactor? , (7)
(d) What are the specific features of generation IV type nuclear reactors? Describe. (10)

7. (a) What do you mean by nuclear fuel cycle? Give a brief outline of complete uranium
fuel cycle with a block diagram. ~10)
(b) What do you mean by reprocessing of spent fuel? Describe. (6)
(c) What do you mean by Xenon and Samarium poisoning of Nuclear power reactor?
•

Briefly describe the differences. (10)

(d) What are the differences between the prompt and delayed neutrons? Write short note
on temperature and pressure coefficient of reactivity. What is meant by one dollar of
reactivity? (9)

8. (a) Name the components of a thermal power reactor and briefly describe function of
each component. (12)
(b) Briefly describe the general guidelines for site selection of a nuclear power plant and

discuss. (13)
(c) Describe classification of radioactive wastes produced from Nuclear Power Plants.
Describe high level waste activities from different reactor fuel cycles. (10)
 for a r~Oa~t~r-;hi~h 'h;;
b;e~"~~erit:~dtJf~;Uili: til
.~DetsslOn prOduct decay pow~r
The ratio P(to, ts)/P, where t' . m ~ m~e to and then shut down.
obtained from the ex;~ession s IS agam the coolmg tIme (reactor o1f), is then

P(to, is) = P(ts) _ P(to + t.)

Po Po Po (8.22)

The two terms on the rigllt of this equation are to be found from Fig. 8.3

Heat Generation in Reactors 351

8.2

10-1
10-1

Time after shutdown (cooling time), Is ,sec

Fig.8.3 The ratio P(t.)/Po of the fission product decay power to the reactor operating
power as a function of time t. after shutdown. (Subcommittee ANS-5 of the American
Nuclear Society, 1968.)

8
./1 If a 235U fueled reactor contains substantial quantities of U, as many of 23
these reactors do, the decay of 239U and 239Np, formed by the absorption of neu-
_trons in the 238U, must also be taken into account. Using the equations of radio-
active decay derived in Chapter 2, it is easy to show that

P29 = 2.28 X 1O-3C (~a25) [1 _ e-4.91 x 1O- 4

10]e- 4. x 10-
91 4
1. (8.23)
Po (Jf25

and
P39 .,,:, 2.17 X lO-3C{ ~a25) [(1 _ e-3.41 x 10-610) e-3•41 x 10-6
1,
Po \Uf25 4
_ 7.0 X 10-3(1 - e-4.91 x 10-410)e-4.91 x 10- ••]. (8.24)
9
In these equations, P29 and P39 are the decay powers of ~39U and 23 Np, respe"c-
tively, C is the conversion factor for the reactor, and Ua25 and Uf25 are the effective
thermal cross sections of 235U; The times to and ts are again in seconds.

. . . .
6.138.; Fofsubcooled or local boiling, the relationship
q (e 6.2
-= -6t"
p
/ )4 (6.46)
A 0.79
has been found to be applicable, where q/A is in W/m'1. ,p is the pre~sure ~ MPa, and
"Atb is in kelvins [20). In the region of a PWR channel prior to the mceptlOn of local
 I

I
"-

I
I

L-4/T-l/ME Date: 15/01l20J5

BANGLADESH UNIVERSITY OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY, DHA~
L~4/T-1 . B. SC. Engineering Examinations 2012-2013

Sub: IPE 431 (Machine Tools)

Full Marks: 210 Time: 3 Hours

USE SEPARATE SCRIPTS FOR EACH SECTION
,The questions are of equal value.
_____________________________ . i_
i
SECTION-A
There are FOUR questions in this section. Answer any THREE.

1. (a) Show that Rn ~ Ry• Ri where Rn, Ry and Ri represent the usual meaning. (8)
. I
(b) Show that, the number of teeth of adjacent gears of a cluster must be at le'Jlst 4

(assumed that all gear has the same module). (7)

(c) Derive an expression of 'k' for LP series according to kronenberg proposal. Find the

value of 'k' for following condition: I (20)

Economic cutting speed, v = 20 m/min, nl == 12 rpm, nz = 480 rpm, Z = 10.

2. (a) What are the advantages of infinitely variable drive system? (8)

(b) Describe the Ward-Leonard set with schematic diagram. , (15)

(c) Draw any two ray diagram for a 12 speed gear box using different configuration. (12)
. I
I

3. (a) Explain briefly the clearance adjustment methods of flat and dovetail slideways ]Nith
• r
. !
. necessary sketches. . (20)
(b) Describe the working principle of the hydraulic tracer control unit in a si~lgle

coordinate system with neat sketch. (15)

4. (a) What are the design criteria for designing a combination of vee and flat slideways?
I
r

What are the force components? Derive the equations for the unknown forces actin~ on
I

the slideways. ! (20) r

(b) Describe the advantages and limitations of plastic slideways. (7)

(c) What are the requirements to design a control system in a machine tool? (7)

Contd P/2
 ='2 =

IPE 431/IPE

SECTION -B
There are FOUR questions in this section. Answer any THREE.

5. (a) Where do you find half nut, worm gearing and reversing mechanism in a typical

lathe machine? Explain their purposes and related mechanisms. (15)

(b) Discuss the taper turning attachment and two feed methods of taper turning with

necessary sketches. (10)

(c) What are the motions involved in helical gear cutting by gear shaper and gear

hobber? Explain briefly. (10)

, 6. (a) Select differential change gears and appropriate index plate, determine absolute
number of revolutions of index crank and index plate for cutting a gear of 129 teeth.
Here number of start of right hand worm is 1 and number of teeth of the worm wheel

is 40. (18)
In index plate 1: number of holes in the concentric circles are) 1, 14, 17,23,29
In index plate 2: number of holes in the concentric circles are 19,22,31,37,41,43
In spare gear box, number of teeth of the available gears are 50, 55, , 195,200
(there are at least two gears for each teeth number)
(b) How does the location of bearing affects the machining accuracy? Explain
appropriate location for better accuracy. (12)
(c) Explain the necessisity of separator in ball bearing. (5)

7. (a) What are the requirements of machine tool structure? How do the fasteners/ribs

affects the machining accuracy? (10)

(b) What are the machine tool acceptance tests? Explain briefly. (lOY
(c) Discuss Faceplate and Dog plate and different Rests with necessary sketches. Also

mention their necessisity in lathe operatiol? (15)

8. (a) Explain briefly the different parts of a NC machine tool with their functions. Explain

the drawbacks ofNC machine tools. (15)

(b) What are the requirements for designing optimum gear box? (10)
(c) Discuss briefly plate and face type cam mechanism. (10)

-------------------------------~---
L-4/T-2/ME Date: 10/0112015
BANGLADESH UNIVERSITY OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY, DHAKA
L-4/T-1 B. Sc. Engineering Examinations 2012-2013

Sub: ME 415 (Refrigeration and Building Mechanical System)

Full Marks: 210 Time: 3 Hours
The figures in the margin indicate full marks.
Assume reasonable value for any missing data. The symbols have their usual meanings.
USE SEP ARA TE SCRIPTS FOR EACH SECTION

SECTION-A
There are FOUR questions in this Section. Answer any THREE.
Refrigeration and AlC data book will be provided.

1. (a) Estimate the cooling load of a class-room at 3.00 pm for the following conditions:

Location: Dhaka (35)

Date: May 16
Floor: 10 m x 10 m, 3 m height
Roof: type 4,100 mm concrete, 25 mm insulation
Walls: 100 mm face brick + air space + 100 mm face brick (type c)
Windings: 20% of wall area on north and west walls. 13 mm clear glass,

U = 2.5 W/m2°C.
Light: 20 W/m2, florescent bulbs.
• Assume standard indoor conditions and fresh air supply required for 25 students,

as recommended in ASHRAE.
• Assume no heat transfer through floor, south and east walls.
• Assume reasonable electrical appliances.

2. (a) Atmosphere air at 30°C and 50% relative humidity is compressed isothermally to a

pressure of lObar. Estimate the psychometric condition of the compressed air. (10)

(b) A space is'to be maintained at 25°C and 50% relative humidity. If the space has a

sensible heat gain of 50 kW and moisture gain of 40 kglhr, estimate: (10)

(i) conditionS of supply air

(ii) volume of supply air.
You may assume a reasonable temperature of supply air.
(c) Air at 25°C and 50% RH is recirculated from a room and mixed with outdoor air at

33°C and 80% RH. If supply air to the room is 12°C and the volume of recirculated air is

three times the volume of outdoor air, estimate the capacity of the cooling system. (15)

3. (a) Briefly explain the factors affecting human comfort. (5)

(b) Briefly distinguish between (10)

(i) FCU and AHU

(ii) split and window type alc
Contd P/2
 =2=

ME 415
Coutd ... Q. No.3
(c) Size the supply duct system as shown in Fig. below, using equal friction method.
Specify the fan pressure required at location (1) for the system if the outlet grills have

pressure loss of 12 Pa. (20)

C.t>3-lD
'~2S0C~/S Water vapor
8" 10

21- 6QJ11l.l (.'03-10 Liquid

Water vapor water
gD.5'-ID S

w = 0.6 kgfs

4. (a) Make brief comparisons between (20)

(i) vapour compression vs. vapour absorption chillers
(ii) LiBr vs. NH3 absorption systems.

(b) Estimate refrigerant flow rate and COP of the system shown in Fig. for Q. No. 4(b). (15)

SECTION':"B
The~e are FOUR questions in this Section. Answer any THREE.

5. (a) 'Wbat are the basic characteristics of quick freezing process? Classify quick freezing

process. (5)
(b) What are the deviations m a real vapor compression cycle from Ideal vapor

compression cycle? (5)

(c) Calculate the power required by the two compressors in a R 134a system which serVC3
a 50 TR evaporator at - 40°C and 60 TR evaporator at - 10°C. The system uses two. stage
compression with inter-cooling and is arranged as in Fig. for Q. No. Sed). The condensing

temperature is 30°C. Also calculate the COP of the syste"? (20)

4
s
3

Intercooler and
nosh link

Contd P/3

Figure for the Q. NO.:lf<d)

 =3=

ME 415

6. (a) Hermetically sealed compressors are not generally centrifugal compressor - why? (5)
(b) What are the differences between solenoid valve and expansion valve? (5)
(c) What are the factors that affect the heat transfer capacity of an evaporator? (5)
(d) Explain the importance of Joule Thomson coefficient and inversion temperature when

operating a system for liquefaction of gases. (10)

(e) Briefly describe the working principle of a steam jet refrigeration system. (10)

7. (a) What is fire tetrahedron? What are the main causes of ignition? (5)
(b) Classify fire according to NFP A and specify which type of extinguisher will be used

for different type of fire. (10)

(c) For a facility having a total building area of 100000 sq. m, 1000 sq. m of combustible
material storage area, 2000 sq. m of elevated floor area, and a special area of 1000 sq.m.

Determine the flow requirements and the storage capacity for 90 minutes. (10)
(d) Draw the typical diagram for fire protection with automatic fire pump in different

water supply zones of a tall building (according to BNBC). (10)

8. (a) Draw the different arrangement of elevator machines, sheaves and ropes. (5)
(b) Whatare the requirements for the ideal performance of passenger elevators? (5)
(c) For an office building, downtown, diversified use, 15 rentable floors above the lobby,
each 1"500m2 net. Floor-to-floor height = 3.7 m, determine a workable elevator system

arrangement. (20)
(d) For an escalator of 35° incline, two passengers per step, speed of 0.5 mls and 500 mm

tread or step length, determine the number of persons moved per hour. (5)
 Tl: Recolumended Elevator Intervals &::

Walt.lng Times
T21 MInimum PHC

OFFICE BUILDINGS
OFFICE BUILDINGS
Excellent service 15-24 9-14 12-14
1!)-17 Center city
Good service 25-29 Investment 11.5-13
Fair service 30-39 19...:23
Sin Ie rpose 14-16
Poor service 40-49 2+:29
unacceptable service 50+ 30+ RESIDENTIAL
RESIDENTIAL Prestige 5-7
Other 6-£'
Prestige apartments 50-70 30-42 10-11
Dormitories
Middle-income 60-80 36--48 12-15
Hotels-first quality
apartments Hotel~second quail 10-12
low-Income apartments 80-120 48-72
Q919
Dormitories 60-80 36-48
Hote1s-first quality 30-50 19...:30
Hotels----5econd qualit 50-70 30-42

T3~ Gar Passenger Capacity (p)

2000 (907) 12 10
2500 (1134) 17 13
3000 (1361) 20 16
3500(1588) 23 19
4000 (1814) 28 ,22

'"

... _--_. __ _ _ ----------_.

Cl: Average Trip Time (AVRTP)

.~ ol1clal1iocn
$ & t at lO 1'1 l2 13 I( la' 1. n 11
90

85
III

7li

1
10

65
&0
U

95
2tliDfprft
90
iOO'pi/lI
85 .J50lpm
UXlfpm
811 liXlfjlm
.:I,

J 75
70

i
65

100 250fJlm
9li ~o()fi;"n
3SOfpm
9Cl
400fpm
l5IlXl'jlI'II
iii

t 80

<J 1$
;0

I I 1 j I I J 2150
12'O'iloorlD 1lP:t' I .
~ ~ ~~
..-
4OOO-IIlCll'
100
,,. ". 350

-- -
."..,.. ~ ~ 4(10
,

.•... .~
~
.,... ...,;< 600
""""
/i.,.io".
I......-
,~ V'I~.
~
....
80 i~_
,
""'" ,

r {/)'

, :. 6 "I e , ., .;.
10 n 1213 J4 1I5t6 l' Jil
No..01 kaillcor.
/ r..
....•...•...

/
 C2: Round Trip (RT) Time
230

220
No. •• __ 110

1011
. no
u.~J.•.L, ~ Ito
.to
llCO.bc. / .~
III)
110
/'
~ J
110
110
1/ /
'"
~lt".;.;;

r/SJ.~
tJ
I
1111

110

150
ISO
i/ ".
lUG ;' / ". I---'
il: 110
/
1/
/' V "'"
i/ ~
I.•••
.••..
k
7011",",

,~ / /- ,.
'/
:/.
/.
(al
to
10
210
t/
~~.-
;u!0"_ •••1
ot.er
' .•.

ll(I

IllCl
11'0"ftloo••••• '
_UP

V
!f 110
1/
,/
W
;' ~ W
/' 1/ iP
i/ ./ ./ tIfJ~
V ./ ~ ,,- .<JI'. ~
.., '"
./
./ ./ ~ ~,
:I 100
/ 1/ ,,- :;...-
/, '"
/
/ /
'"
k;:: •.....
".. ;:; ..••.
'1'0 .~
11: /
'" V /.
~
~
1/ I5l
dO
lJO
1/ /. /. .,~ 18
i/
/ [./
'
/'
.. ~ 'CO"'"'

lit
/ !/ '/' ~ 13Cl
~ ~ /
)00 ~~"" .Ull 1311
~
to
"'"'
•• 5 t
• , IGUUUI. ~1'111'
110
IW
1<1)

• f 1 .• , 10 II 12 II II II II 1J 1.
110.01_ •••••

T4, Population of Typical Buildings

T6: Office BuildIng Occupancy

11(}"130(1(}..12J"
150-250 (14-23)

90-110(8-10)
13(}"200 (12-19) (}"10 floor; Approximately 80%
0-20 floor; Floors 1-10 approximately 75%
PERSONS PER SLEEPING ROOM 11-20 approximately 80%
Normal use 1.3 0-30 floors Floors 1-10 approximately 70%
Convention~ 1.9 11-20 approximalely 75%
, 21-30approximalely 80%
HOSPITALS VISITORS AND STAfF PER BEOO . 0-40 floors floors 1-10 approximately 70%
General private 3 11-20 approximately 75%
General public 3~ 21-30 approximately 80%
(tar e wards) 31-40 ap roximale 85%
APARTMENT HOUSES PERSONS PER BEDROOM
High-renlal housing 1,5
Moderate-rental 2.0
housing
Low~cost housin 2.5-3.0

T61 Elevator Equipment Recoml:nendo.tions

otnce buHding
{E l~r .1~~Q
1600

Hotel {2SOO
3000 ~::r Asabove.'

Q-6O 0-20
As above

150 0.63
6HOO 21-30 200--250 1.0
Hospital {3500 1 GOO} 101-125 31-40 250--300 1.6
.4000 2000 126-175 41-55 3S(}--4()0 2.0
17~250 . 56-75 5O(}..6(J0 2.5
>250 >75 700 3.6
0-75. (}--25 100 0.63
Apartmertts {2000
2500 : ~:} 7fH25
126-200
26-40
41-60
200
250-300
1.0
1.6

Stores

r 1~14000
5000
2000
2500 .
.
>200
0-100
.101-150
151-200
. .>200
>60
0-30
31-45
46-60
>60
35()-4()O
200
25(}"300
35(}--4()O
500
2.0
1.0
1.6
2.0
2.5 <f)