Table of Contents

1.0 INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................................... 2

2.0 TEST PLANNING.................................................................................................................... 3

3.0 ITEM CONSTRUCTION ......................................................................................................... 7

3.1 COPY OF TEST ................................................................................................................... 7

3.2 ANSWER SCHEME .......................................................................................................... 22

3.3 TABLE OF ITEMS............................................................................................................. 24

4.0 TEST ADMINISTRATION ................................................................................................... 35

5.0 ITEM ANALYSIS .................................................................................................................. 36

5.1 THE SCORE ....................................................................................................................... 36

5.2 ITEM DIFFICULTY AND ITEM DISCRIMINATION .................................................... 38

5.3 INTERPRETATIONS ........................................................................................................ 39

6.0 REFLECTION ........................................................................................................................ 41

7.0 CONCLUSION ....................................................................................................................... 43

APPENDIX I ................................................................................................................................ 44

APPENDIX II ............................................................................................................................... 45

APPENDIX III .............................................................................................................................. 46

APPENDIX IV.............................................................................................................................. 47

1
1.0 INTRODUCTION

This test is a beginning of a year. It is usually start on the first period of every year. This
test always held in the month of March before the school break has started. This test covers the
first chapter until chapter 4.

We choose Science Form 4 to be a part of our Test construction and Item Analysis major
project. This test covers chapter 1 that is scientific investigation, chapter 2 that is body
coordination, chapter 3 that is heredity and variation and chapter 4 that is matter and substances.

As a science student they must fully understand the steps in scientific investigation before
they perform any experiment. On the other hand, they also must understand their body organ,
hormone in body coordination chapter.

As a human we are have our own ancestors, thus it is very importance to know our
inheritance and heredity. Lastly, as we observe the surrounding, we are actually surrounded by a
matter and also substances. Thus, it is very important to realize their structure and function.

Moreover, as a teacher we must identify our student level of knowledge to make the
teaching and learning become smoothly. Furthermore Benjamin Bloom has identifies six level of
cognitive development that is remember, understand, apply, analyze, evaluate and create. Thus,
this level is use as a guideline to construct the item in this test.

2
 2.0 TEST PLANNING
TABLE OF SPECIFICATION

NUMBER ITEM
TOPICS SUBTOPICS MARKS REMEMBER UNDERSTAND APPLY ANALYZE EVALUATE CREATE
OF ITEMS TYPES

Chapter 1 : 1.1 Method in Scientific

Scientific investigation
investigatio  Step in scientific 1 MCQ 1 
investigation
n
 Type of variable in
scientific
1 MCQ 1 
investigation
 Relationship between
manipulated variable
1 MCQ 1 
and responding
variable
 Observation that can 1 MCQ 1 
be measured
 Graph representation 1 MCQ 1 
for temperature

3
 NUMBER ITEM
TOPICS SUBTOPICS MARKS REMEMBER UNDERSTAND APPLY ANALYZE EVALUATE CREATE
OF ITEMS TYPES

2.1 body coordination

Chapter 2 :  The importance of body 1 MCQ 1 

Body coordination
Coordination 2.2 human nerve system

 Central nerve system 1 MCQ 1 

 Type of neurons cells 1 MCQ 1 

 Location of neuron motor 1 MCQ 1 

2.4 The importance of proprioceptors in 1 MCQ 1 

Body coordination

2.5 Human Brain

 Parts of Human Brain 1 MCQ 1 

 Involuntary action and voluntary 1 MCQ 1 

action

2.6 Hormone coordination in human 1 MCQ 1 

body

 Pituitary gland as a major gland

 Adrenal gland function 1 MCQ 1 

2.8 Drugs abuse

 The effect of Opiates 1 MCQ 1 

 The impact of steroid to the 1 ESSAY 10 

athlete

4
 NUMBER ITEM
TOPICS SUBTOPICS OF ITEM TYPES MARK REMEMBER UNDERSTAND APPLY ANALYZE EVALUATE CREATE

3.1 Cell division.

Chapter 3
: Heredity  Definition of meiosis. 1 MCQ 1 
and
variation 3.2 Principles and mechanisms of heritance.

 Characteristic of nature inheritance

1 MCQ 1 
mechanism

 Percentage of nature inheritance

mechanism 1 MCQ 1 

3.3 Determination of child sex and twin

occurrences in humans.
1 MCQ 1 
 The number of sex chromosomes

3.4 Mutation.

 The causes of mutation gene 1 MCQ 1 

 The factors that cause mutation 1 MCQ 1 
3.5 The impact of genetic research on human life.

 The factor that involve genetic

1 MCQ 1 
engineering

3.6 Variation.

 The causes the difference of continuous 1 MCQ 1 

variation

5
 Topic Subtopic Number Item type Marks Remember understands Apply Analyse Evaluate Create
of item
Chapter 4: 4.1 Changes in the states of matter 1 MCQ 1 
Mass and 4.2 Atomic Structure
substances  Charges of nucleus 1 MCQ 1 
4.3 Proton Number and Nucleon
Number in Atoms of elements
 Nucleon contains
1 MCQ 1 
4.4 Classification of Elements in the
Periodic Table
 Characteristic of periodic 1 MCQ 1 
table group
4.5 Properties of substances 1 MCQ 1 

4.6 Properties and uses of metals

and non metals
 Properties of non metals 1 MCQ 1 

4.7 Methods of Purifying Substances

 Methods of purifying Subjective-
substances 3 short 10   
answers

 Formation of salt 
1 MCQ 1

6
3.0 ITEM CONSTRUCTION

3.1 COPY OF TEST

1511/ 1
Sains
Kertas 1
Mac
2017
1 jam

SEKOLAH MENENGAH KEBANGSAAN

MUNSHI ABDULLAH
MELAKA
PEPERIKSAAN AWAL TAHUN 2017
____________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

SAINS TINGKATAN EMPAT

KERTAS 1

SATU JAM
____________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ______ ________________________________________________________________________________

JANGAN BUKA KERTAS SOALAN INI SEHINGGA DIBERITAHU

1. Kertas ini mengandungi Dua (2) bahagian. Bahagian A dan Bahagian B.

2. Anda dikehendaki untuk menjawab SEMUA soalan di bahagian A dan Bahagian B.
3. Bahagian A mempunyai 30 soalan objektif. Jawab setiap soalan dengan membulatkan
jawapan yang betul.
4. Anda dinasihati supaya mengambil masa 25 minit untuk Bahagian A dan 35 minit bagi
soalan di Bahagian B

7
1. Nyatakan langkah yang terdapat di dalam penyiasatan saintifik selepas mengenal pasti
masalah?

A. Mengawal pemboleh ubah

B. Mengenal pasti hipotesis

C. Membuat pemerhatian

D. Menjalankan penyiasatan

2. Antara pemboleh ubah yang dimalarkan berikut, yang manakah paling sesuai untuk mengkaji
hubungan di antara ayunan ladung dan panjang benang?

A. Panjang tali ladung

B. Jisim ladung

C. Masa ayunan ladung

D. Bentuk ladung

3. Yang manakah menerangkan hubung kait antara pemboleh ubah dimanipulasikan dengan
pemboleh ubah bergerak balas?

A. Pemerhatian

B. Hipotesis

C. Masalah

D. Fenomena

8
4. Pemerhatian yang hanya boleh diperhatikan tetapi tidak dapat diukur ialah _____________

A. jarak yang dilalui.

B. perubahan warna.

C. kenaikan suhu bilik.

D. luas permukaan jalan.

5. Antara yang berikut, yang manakah paling sesuai digunakan untuk mewakili perubahan
suhu?

A. C.

26%
23%
43%

B. D.

6. Berikut merupakan kepentingan koordinasi badan, kecuali

A. Membolehkan badan kita bergerak balas terhadap perubahan dalam persekitaran.

B. Mengawal pentafsiran otak supaya gerak balas yang betul dapat dihasilkan.

C. Melindungi badan seseorang daripada kecederaan yang disebabkan oleh kecuaian.

D. Mengelakkan seseorang itu mengambil minuman keras dan tidak bersenam.

9
7. Manakah antara berikut merupakan tindakan luar kawal?

A. Berfikir

B. Mendengar

C. Melihat

D. Bercakap

8. Rajah di bawah menunjukkan dua jenis sel saraf P dan Q dalam badan manusia. Antara
berikut, yang manakah mewakili sel-sel saraf tersebut?

P Q

Rajah 1

P Q

A. Neuron deria Neuron perantaraan

B. Neuron perantaraan Neuron motor

C. Neuron motor Neuron deria

D. Neuron motor Neuron perantaraan

10
9.

Mata seorang pelajar mengerlip untuk mengelakkan kemasukan seekor serangga kecil ke
dalamnya.

Antara bahagian yang berlabel P, Q, R, dan S pada rajah di bawah, yang manakah
bertanggungjawab kepada gerak balas itu?

P
Q

S
R

Rajah 2

A. P

B. Q

C. R

D. S

11
10. Mengapakah kelenjar pitituari juga dikenali sebagai kelenjar utama di dalam sistem
endokrin?

A. Merangsang kematangan ovum

B. Mengawal pelbagai jenis hormon

C. Mengawal kadar metabolisma

D. Merangsang kelenjar tiroid

11. Antara yang berikut, yang manakah merupakan komponen sistem saraf pusat?

A. Saraf spina

B. Saraf kranium

C. Saraf tunjang

D. Saraf otot

12.

Seorang penonton perempuan menjerit semasa menonton siaran langsung perlawanan bola
sepak antara Malaysia dengan Indonesia dalam Sukan SEA.

Kelenjar manakah mempengaruhi tindakan penonton?

A. Ovari

B. Tiroid

C. Adrenal

D. Pankreas

12
13. Di manakah terletaknya sel bagi neuron motor?

A. Ganglion

B. Jirim Kelabu

C. Jirim putih

D. Meninges

14. Apakah fungsi reseptor regang?

A. Mengesan haba di sekitar badan.

B. Mengawal tindakan luar kawal.

C. Mengekalkan postur badan.

D. Mengawal tindakan refleks.

15. Dadah yang manakah boleh menyebabkan halusinasi?

A. Opium

B. Morfina

C. Kanabis

D. Kafeina

16. Meiosis melibatkan ______ pembahagian nukleus diikuti oleh ______ pembahagian
sitoplasma.

A. satu......satu

B. satu......dua

C. dua......satu

D. dua......dua

13
Berdasarkan petikan dibawah, jawab soalan 17 dan 18.

Gen bagi sifat tinggi (T) bagi pokok kacang pea adalah dominan kepada gen kerdil (t). Sepohon
pokok yang tinggi daripada baka tulen dikacukkan dengan sepohon pokok kerdil. Pokok F1 yang
diperoleh dibiarkan mendebunga sendiri untuk menghasilkan pokok F2.

17. Antara yang berikut, yang manakah benar mengenai pokok F1?

A. Semua pokok mempunyai ketinggian yang tinggi.

B. Semua pokok mempunyai ketinggian yang sederhana.

C. Nisbah pokok tinggi kepada pokok kerdil ialah 1 : 1.

D. Nisbah pokok tinggi kepada pokok kerdil ialah 3 : 1.

18. Jika sepohon pokok tinggi yang heterozigot daripada generasi F2 dikacukkan dengan sepohon
pokok kerdil, berapakah peratus kebarangkalian untuk mendapat pokok yang kerdil?

A. 0%

B. 50%

C. 75%

D. 100%

19. Jika sel induk mempunyai 16 kromosom dan mengalami mitosis, berapakah bilangan
kromosom dalam sel anak tersebut?

A. 4

B. 8

C. 16

D. 32

14
20. Manakah antara kecatatan berikut disebabkan oleh mutasi gen?

A. Albinisme

B. Sindrom turner

C. Polidaktil

D. Sindrom klinefelter

21. Bahan yang manakah boleh menyebabkan mutasi?

A. Minuman berkabonat

B. Sinaran ultraungu

C. Kloroflourokarbon

D. Gelombang bunyi

22. Manakah antara yang berikut melibatkan kejuruteraan genetik?

A. Penghasilan anak kembar seiras.

B. Penghasilan kelapa sawit tenera.

C. Terapi gen untuk merawat kanser.

D. Penghasilan klon melalui kultur tisu.

15
23. Nurul dan Nadia ialah kembar seiras tetapi kulit Nurul lebih gelap daripada kulit Nadia.
Apakah yang menyebabkan perbezaan ini?

A. Mutasi gen.

B. Mutasi kromosom.

C. Pemilihan semulajadi.

D. Faktor persekitaran.

24. Pelmejalwapan boleh didefinisikan sebagai perubahan keadaan jirim daripada keadaan
___________.

A. pepejal kepada cecair.

B. gas kepada cecair.

C. pepejal kepada gas.

D. cecair kepada keadaan gas.

25. Nucleus sesuatu atom bercas positif kerana mengandungi yang bercas positif dan
yang bercas negatif.

A. neutron......elektron

B. elektron......neutron

C. proton........neutron

D. proton.......elektron

16
26. Nombor proton bagi Iodin ialah 53 dan nombor nukleonnya ialah 127. Berapakah bilangan
neutron di dalam atom Iodin?

A. 230

B. 127

C. 74

D. 53

27. Garam boleh terhasil dengan campuran

A. logam dan asid.

B. asid dan alkali.

C. logam dan alkali.

D. logam dan air suling.

28.
 Larut di dalam air untuk menghasilkan asid.
 Digunakan untuk pensterilan dan sebagai agen peluntur.
 Terdiri daripada gas-gas toksik.

Ciri-ciri unsur di atas merujuk kepada kumpulan ___________ .

A. 1

B. 3

C. 17

D. 18

17
29. Mengapa bahan yang terdiri daripada molekul-molekul mempunyai takat lebur yang rendah?

A. Zarah- zarah dipegang dengan kuat oleh ikatan logam

B. Zarah – zarah dipegang dengan kuat oleh ikatan ion.

C. Zarah – zarah dipegang secara longgar oleh daya van der Waals.

D. Zarah – zarah bergerak secara bebas tanpa apa-apa ikatan.

30. Berikut adalah sifat fizik bahan bukan logam kecuali

A. konductor haba dan elektrik yang lemah.

B. takat lebur dan takat didih yang tinggi.

C. permukaan yang pudar dan kasar.

D. tidak boleh ditempa dan takat lebur yang rendah.

18
 BAHAGIAN B

1. Adakah pengambilan steriod oleh atlet-atlet negara memberi impak kepada mutu sukan
di malaysia? Bincangkan dua (2) sebab bagi menyokong kenyataan anda.
(10 Markah)

___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________

19
2.

Rajah

a) Nyatakan dua(2) kesilapan dan kesan dalam susunan radas di atas. (4 Markah)

________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________

b) Bagaimanakah cara untuk membuktikan bahawa hasil sulingan itu ialah air suling?

(3 Markah)

________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________

20
c) Cadangkan satu kaedah yang sesuai untuk mengasingkan garam tulen daripada campuran
bahan lain. (3 Markah)

________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________ __

KERTAS SOALAN TAMAT

21
3.2 ANSWER SCHEME

Soalan objektif

1 B 7 A 13 B 19 C 25 C
2 B 8 B 14 D 20 A 26 C
3 B 9 C 15 A 21 B 27 A
4 B 10 B 16 D 22 D 28 C
5 C 11 B 17 D 23 D 29 C
6 D 12 C 18 C 24 D 30 B

Soalan subjektif

1.

Pendapat Markah
Ya. 2
Sebab
- Meningkatkan protein dalam badan. 4
- Memberi susuk tubuh yang berbentuk tegap kepada ahli bina 4
badan.
- Membina otot badan dan sel tisu. 4
- Meningkatkan prestasi dan stamina untuk atlet beraksi di dalam 4
sukan.
Pendapat Markah
Tidak 2
- Menyebabkan seseorang atlet itu menjadi agresif dan baran. 4
-Mengakibatkan kerosakan buah pinggang kerana fungsi buah 4
pinggang adalah untuk menapis dan menyingkirkan produk
sampingan daripada badan termasuk steroid yang mana
sebahagiannya disingkirkan melalui air kencing
- Meningkatkan risiko pembekuan darah di dalam salur darah. 4
Pembekuan darah akan menyebabkan perjalanan darah terganggu
dan merosakkan otot jantung. Akibatnya, jantung tidak dapat
mengepam darah secara berkesan.
*jawapan dalam bentuk pernyataan dan mana-mana yang berkaitan dengan jawapan boleh
diterima.

22
2. a) Kesilapan
1. Aliran air masuk dan keluar.
2. Kedudukan termometer yang menyukat suhu air.
Kesan
1. Air yang mengalir tidak dapat menyejukkan wap yang mengalir dari tiub kecil.
2. Suhu wap yang terhasil daripada pemanasan air laut tidak dapat disukat.
(Jawapan yang berkait diterima)

b) Hasil air suling dipanaskan dan takat didih air suling adalah 100c.

c) - Penapisan dan penghabluran

- Penghabluran
- Penyulingan berperingkat.

23
 3.3 TABLE OF ITEMS

Level on
No. Item and answer score bloom
taxonomy
1. Nyatakan langkah yang terdapat di dalam penyiasatan saintifik selepas mengenal
pasti masalah?
A. Mengawal pemboleh ubah
B. Mengenal pasti hipotesis 1 Remember
C. Membuat pemerhatian
D. Menjalankan penyiasatan
KEY : B
2. Antara pemboleh ubah yang dimalarkan berikut, yang manakah paling sesuai
untuk mengkaji hubungan di antara ayunan ladung dan panjang benang?
A. Panjang tali ladung
B. Jisim ladung 1 Understand
C. Masa ayunan ladung
D. Bentuk ladung
KEY : B
3. Yang manakah menerangkan hubung kait antara pemboleh ubah dimanipulasikan
dengan pemboleh ubah bergerak balas?
A. Pemerhatian
B. Hipotesis 1 Remember
C. Masalah
D. Fenomena
KEY : B
4. Pemerhatian yang hanya boleh diperhatikan tetapi tidak dapat diukur ialah
_____________
A. jarak yang dilalui.
B. perubahan warna. 1 Understand
C. kenaikan suhu bilik.
D. luas permukaan jalan.
KEY : B

24
5. Antara yang berikut, yang manakah paling sesuai digunakan untuk mewakili
perubahan suhu?
A. C.

26% 23%

43%

1 Understand
B. D.

KEY : C
6. Berikut merupakan kepentingan koordinasi badan, kecuali
A. Membolehkan badan kita bergerak balas terhadap perubahan dalam
persekitaran.
B. Mengawal pentafsiran otak supaya gerak balas yang betul dapat dihasilkan.
C. Melindungi badan seseorang daripada kecederaan yang disebabkan oleh 1 Remember
kecuaian.
D. Mengelakkan seseorang itu mengambil minuman keras dan tidak
bersenam.
KEY : D
7. Manakah antara berikut merupakan tindakan luar kawal?
A. Berfikir
B. Mendengar
1 Understand
C. Melihat
D. Bercakap
KEY : A

25
8. Rajah di bawah menunjukkan dua jenis sel saraf P dan Q dalam badan manusia.
Antara berikut, yang manakah mewakili sel-sel saraf tersebut?

P Q
Rajah 1

P Q 1 Remember

A. Neuron deria Neuron perantaraan

B. Neuron perantaraan Neuron motor

C. Neuron motor Neuron deria

D. Neuron motor Neuron perantaraan

KEY : B

26
 9.
Mata seorang pelajar mengerlip untuk mengelakkan kemasukan seekor serangga
kecil ke dalamnya.

Antara bahagian yang berlabel P, Q, R, dan S pada rajah di bawah, yang manakah
bertanggungjawab kepada gerak balas itu?

P
Q

S 1 Apply
R

Rajah 2
A. P
B. Q
C. R
D. S
KEY : C
10. Mengapakah kelenjar pitituari juga dikenali sebagai kelenjar utama di di dalam
sistem endokrin?
A. Merangsang kematangan ovum
B. Mengawal pelbagai jenis hormon 1 Remember

C. Mengawal kadar metabolisma

D. Merangsang kelenjar tiroid
KEY : B
11. Antara yang berikut, yang manakah merupakan komponen sistem saraf pusat?
A. Saraf spina
B. Saraf kranium
1 Remember
C. Saraf tunjang
D. Saraf otot
KEY : B

27
12.
Seorang penonton perempuan menjerit semasa menonton siaran langsung
perlawanan bola sepak antara Malaysia dengan Indonesia dalam Sukan SEA.

Kelenjar manakah mempengaruhi tindakan penonton?

1 Understand
A. Ovari
B. Tiroid
C. Adrenal
D. Pankreas
KEY : C
13. Di manakah terletaknya sel bagi neuron motor?
A. Ganglion
B. Jirim Kelabu 1 Remember
C. Jirim putih
D. Meninges
KEY : B
14. Apakah fungsi reseptor regang?
A. Mengesan haba di sekitar badan.
B. Mengawal tindakan luar kawal.
1 Remember
C. Mengekalkan postur badan.
D. Mengawal tindakan refleks.
KEY : D
15. Dadah yang manakah boleh menyebabkan halusinasi?
A. Opium
B. Morfina
1 Remember
C. Kanabis
D. Kafeina
KEY : A
16. Meiosis melibatkan ______ pembahagian nukleus diikuti oleh ______
pembahagian sitoplasma.
A. satu......satu
B. satu......dua 1 Remember
C. dua......satu
D. dua......dua
KEY : D

28
17. Berdasarkan petikan di bawah, jawab soalan 17 dan 18.

Gen bagi sifat tinggi (T) bagi pokok kacang pea adalah dominan kepada gen
kerdil (t). Sepohon pokok yang tinggi daripada baka tulen dikacukkan dengan
sepohon pokok kerdil. Pokok F1 yang diperoleh dibiarkan mendebunga sendiri
untuk menghasilkan pokok F2.
1 Understand
Antara yang berikut, yang manakah benar mengenai pokok F1?
A. Semua pokok mempunyai ketinggian yang tinggi.
B. Semua pokok mempunyai ketinggian yang sederhana.
C. Nisbah pokok tinggi kepada pokok kerdil ialah 1 : 1.
D. Nisbah pokok tinggi kepada pokok kerdil ialah 3 : 1.
KEY : D
18. Jika sepohon pokok tinggi yang heterozigot daripada generasi F2 dikacukkan
dengan sepohon pokok kerdil, berapakah peratus kebarangkalian untuk mendapat
pokok yang kerdil?
A. 0%
1 Apply
B. 50%
C. 75%
D. 100%
KEY : C
19. Jika sel induk mempunyai 16 kromosom dan mengalami mitosis, berapakah
bilangan kromosom dalam sel anak tersebut?
A. 4
B. 8 1 Apply

C. 16
D. 32
KEY : C
20. Manakah antara kecatatan berikut disebabkan oleh mutasi gen?
A. Albinisme
B. Sindrom turner
1 Remember
C. Polidaktil
D. Sindrom klinefelter
KEY : A

29
21. Bahan yang manakah boleh menyebabkan mutasi?
A. Minuman berkabonat
B. Sinaran ultraungu
1 Remember
C. Kloroflourokarbon
D. Gelombang bunyi
KEY : B
22. Manakah antara yang berikut melibatkan kejuruteraan genetik?
A. Penghasilan anak kembar seiras.
B. Penghasilan kelapa sawit tenera.
1 Remember
C. Terapi gen untuk merawat kanser.
D. Penghasilan klon melalui kultur tisu.
KEY : D
23. Manakah antara yang berikut melibatkan kejuruteraan genetik?
A. Penghasilan anak kembar seiras.
B. Penghasilan kelapa sawit tenera.
1 Understand
C. Terapi gen untuk merawat kanser.
D. Penghasilan klon melalui kultur tisu.
KEY : D
24. Pemejalwapan boleh didefinisikan sebagai perubahan keadaan jirim daripada
keadaan ___________.
A. pepejal kepada cecair.
B. gas kepada cecair. 1 Remember
C. pepejal kepada gas.
D. cecair kepada keadaan gas.
KEY : D
25. Nucleus sesuatu atom bercas positif kerana mengandungi yang bercas
positif dan yang bercas negatif.
A. neutron......elektron
B. elektron......neutron 1 Understand
C. proton........neutron
D. proton.......elektron
KEY : C

30
26. Nombor proton bagi Iodin ialah 53 dan nombor nukleonnya ialah 127. Berapakah
bilangan neutron di dalam atom Iodin?
A. 230
B. 127 1 Apply
C. 74
D. 53
KEY : C
27. Garam boleh terhasil dengan campuran
A. logam dan asid.
B. asid dan alkali.
1 Remember
C. logam dan alkali.
D. logam dan air suling.
KEY : A
28.
 Larut di dalam air untuk menghasilkan asid.
 Digunakan untuk pensterilan dan sebagai agen peluntur.
 Terdiri daripada gas-gas toksik.

Ciri-ciri unsur di atas merujuk kepada kumpulan ___________ . 1 Remember

A. 1
B. 3
C. 17
D. 18
KEY : C
29. Mengapa bahan yang terdiri daripada molekul-molekul mempunyai takat lebur
yang rendah?
A. Zarah- zarah dipegang dengan kuat oleh ikatan logam
B. Zarah – zarah dipegang dengan kuat oleh ikatan ion. 1 Understand
C. Zarah – zarah dipegang secara longgar oleh daya van der Waals.
D. Zarah – zarah bergerak secara bebas tanpa apa-apa ikatan.
KEY : C

31
30. Berikut adalah sifat fizik bahan bukan logam kecuali
A. konductor haba dan elektrik yang lemah.
B. takat lebur dan takat didih yang tinggi.
C. permukaan yang pudar dan kasar. 1 Remember

D. tidak boleh ditempa dan takat lebur yang rendah.

KEY : B

32
1. Adakah pengambilan steriod oleh atlet-atlet negara memberi impak kepada mutu
sukan di malaysia? Bincangkan dua (2) sebab bagi menyokong kenyataan anda.
KEY :
Pendapat Markah
Ya. 2
Sebab
- Meningkatkan protein dalam badan. 4
- Memberi susuk tubuh yang berbentuk 4
tegap kepada ahli bina badan.
- Membina otot badan dan sel tisu. 4
- Meningkatkan prestasi dan stamina untuk 4
atlet beraksi di dalam sukan.
Pendapat Markah
Tidak 2
10 Evaluate
- Menyebabkan seseorang atlet itu menjadi 4
agresif dan baran.
- kerosakan buah pinggang kerana fungsi 4
buah pinggang adalah untuk menapis dan
menyingkirkan produk sampingan
daripada badan termasuk steroid yang
mana sebahagiannya disingkirkan melalui
air kencing
- meningkatkan risiko pembekuan darah di 4
dalam salur darah. Pembekuan darah akan
menyebabkan perjalanan darah terganggu
dan merosakkan otot jantung. Akibatnya,
jantung tidak dapat mengepam darah
secara berkesan.
*jawapan dalam bentuk pernyataan dan mana-mana yang berkaitan dengan
jawapan boleh diterima.

33
2.a)

4 Analysis
Rajah
Nyatakan dua (2) kesilapan dan kesan dalam susunan radas di atas.
KEY :
Kesilapan
3. Aliran air masuk dan keluar
4. Kedudukan termometer yang menyukat suhu air laut
Kesan
3. Air yang mengalir tidak dapat menyejukkan wap yang mengalir dari tiub
kecil.
4. Suhu wap yang terhasil daripada pemanasan air laut tidak dapat disukat.
(Jawapan yang berkaitan diterima)
b) Bagaimanakah cara untuk membuktikan bahawa hasil sulingan itu ialah air suling?
KEY : 3 Understand
Hasil air suling dipanaskan dan takat didih air suling adalah 100c
c) Cadangkan satu kaedah yang sesuai untuk mengasingkan garam tulen daripada
campuran bahan lain.
KEY :
3 Remember
- Penapisan dan penghabluran
- Penghabluran
- Penyulingan berperingkat.

34
4.0 TEST ADMINISTRATION

Before this test is held, we have considered their physical, psychological and also their
reliability in order for them to answer this test without any disruption. This is important because
some student is actually can answer the test but unfortunately with the disruption, they will feel
down and for some reason they will not be able to answer the test nicely.

Furthermore, we ask them 2 days before the exam held about their physical condition. It
is important to know their health condition to make sure that the test will be run smoothly. If
there is a student who cannot sit for the test on that day, we will make sure that he or she will
answer the test at the place that is suitable for their condition.

As we know that this test is a one hour test, thus we plan to do this test in a library. We
find out at the Kuala Lumpur National Library has a room that is used for meeting. We find out
that the room is very conducive to the students in order to answer the test that we have prepared.

On the other hand, we also ask them to have a breakfast before the test started. In order
for them to have an energy during the test held. We set up the table for 20 students in the
meeting room. Before we started the exam, we gave them a time for them to prepare their needs.

As the test held, we observe them in order to prevent them to copy one another. It is
important to make sure that it is their effort and understanding that is presentable in the test
paper.

As the test finished, we collected their test paper and start marking theirs on that day. As
we know that, they will sit for Sijil Pelajaran Malaysia (SPM) next year. Thus, this test will
determine their readiness to sit for the examination.

35
5.0 ITEM ANALYSIS
5.1 THE SCORE

ITEM
NUMBER
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 SCORE

KEY B B B B C D A B C B B C B D A D D C C A B D D D C C A C C B
Muhaimin 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 22

Atiyah 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 17

Nadia 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 17

Amalina 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 16

Rabiatul 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 15

Alif 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 14

Aina 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 13

Amar 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 11

Qiden 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 11

Jimmy 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 10

Jauhar 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 10

Naufal 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 9

Aam 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 9

Razaq 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 9

Nor
0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 8
Azwan

Nurul 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 7

Aqashah 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7

Falah 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 6

Mia 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 6
36
Zetty 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 4
In order to calculate the discrimination index for each question, we have determine the high
scoring and low scoring group that is;

Upper Group

TEST TAKER SCORE

Muhaimin 22

Atiyah 17

Nadia 17

Lower Group

TEST TAKER SCORE

Zetty 4

Falah 6

Mia 6

37
5.2 ITEM DIFFICULTY AND ITEM DISCRIMINATION
DIFFICULTY DISCRIMINATION
#CORRECT #CORRECT
ITEM 𝐧𝐨. 𝐨𝐟 𝐭𝐞𝐬𝐭 𝐭𝐚𝐤𝐞𝐫𝐬 (𝐚𝐧𝐬𝐰𝐞𝐫 𝐜𝐨𝐫𝐫𝐞𝐜𝐭𝐥𝐲 ) 𝑼𝒑𝒑𝒆𝒓 𝒈𝒓𝒐𝒖𝒑 − 𝑳𝒐𝒘𝒆𝒓 𝒈𝒓𝒐𝒖𝒑
(UPPER GROUP) (LOWER GROUP)
𝐭𝐨𝐭𝐚𝐥 𝐧𝐨. 𝐨𝐟 𝐭𝐞𝐬𝐭 𝐭𝐚𝐤𝐞𝐫 𝑼𝒑𝒑𝒆𝒓 𝒈𝒓𝒐𝒖𝒑
Q1 1 0 0.13 1
Q2 3 0 0.33 1
Q3 2 0 0.33 1
Q4 3 2 0.43 0.3
Q5 3 1 0.53 0.7
Q6 3 0 0.23 1
Q7 2 1 0.60 0.5
Q8 1 0 0.20 1
Q9 1 0 0.20 1
Q 10 3 0 0.30 1
Q 11 3 1 0.40 0.7
Q 12 3 0 0.23 1
Q 13 3 0 0.20 1
Q 14 3 0 0.23 1
Q 15 2 1 0.20 0.5
Q 16 1 1 0.20 0
Q 17 1 0 0.20 1
Q 18 1 0 0.13 1
Q 19 2 0 0.23 1
Q 20 0 0 0.10 0
Q 21 3 0 0.40 1
Q 22 1 1 0.10 0
Q 23 2 1 0.30 0.5
Q 24 0 2 0.20 0
Q 25 1 1 0.13 0
Q 26 3 0 0.33 1
Q 27 2 0 0.23 1
Q 28 2 0 0.30 1
Q 29 1 2 0.13 -1
Q 30 2 0 0.20 1

38
5.3 INTERPRETATIONS

In order to identify whether this test is effective or not, the difficult index and the
discrimination index is calculated. After collecting and marking their test paper, we calculated
the difficulties index for each item and the discrimination index in this test for every item.

Moreover, the most difficult item is item number 22. It is because the difficulties index is
0.10. This shows that only 10% from the student that answer the question correctly. On the other
hand, item number 1 and 29 also considered to be one of the difficult item in this test. This is
because the difficulties index is 0.13 for item 1 and 29 respectively. Thus, it shows that only 13%
of the student that can answer this two item.

Furthermore, every test should have the easiest item in order for the lower group student
have some motivation to finished the test. The most easiest item in the test is item number 7.
This is because the difficulties index is 0.60. This shows that 60% of the student can answer the
question correctly.

Before we proceed to conclude the overall test, we have to determine the most effective
item in our test. The most effective item should have difficulties index ±0.50 and the
discrimination index is 0.7 to 0.9. For this test, the most effective item is item number 5 and 11.
For item number 5, the difficulties index is 0.53 and the discriminative index is 0.7.

This shows that 53% of the student can answer the item correctly and have successfully
discriminate 70% of upper and lower group students. For item number 11, the difficulties index
is 0.4 and the discrimination index is 0.7. this shows that the 40% of students can answer the
item correctly and have 70% discriminate the upper and lower group of student.

The item can be considered to be discriminative when the discriminative value is 1.0. thus,
most of the item in the test has a discriminative index that is 1.0. There is only 6 item that has a
discriminative index that is less than 1. This test basically can discriminate the upper and lower
group of student.

39
 In every test, there is no item that considered being perfect. There must be some item that
need to be replaced, eliminate or changed in order for the test to be effective. Item numbered 29
have to eliminate, because the discriminative index is -1. It shows that the question cannot
discriminate the upper and lower group of the students. If the question is good and we want to
keep it, the distractors must be changed in order for the lower group student cannot answer it
correctly.

The test is considered to be moderately effective because most of the item has a
difficulties index in the range of 0.1-0.6 and the discriminative index is between 0-1.0. Mostly,
the item in this test is averagely difficult. It is because none of the item has 100% student that
can answer it correctly. The discriminative indexes also mostly are 1.0. The test is too
discriminative for the student. Because 18 out of 30 item have a discriminative index that is 1.

40
6.0 REFLECTION

In making a set of question, we learned a lot about how to do good exam questions. A
characteristic of a good test is validity, reliability, practicality and objectivity. Validity is an
evaluation of the adequacy and appropriateness of the interpretations of the test score and uses of
assessment result to the administration of the school and parents.

The good test in based on face validity is determined by a review of the items and not
through the use of statistical analysis. It also in content validity which is we needs to estimate of
how much a measure represents every single element of a construct and example we look at into
a spelling, grammar and others. The test paper we assume valid also with construct validity
which is how well a test measures up to its claims. Reliability is refers to the consistency of
assessment results and the exam paper must have two examiners.

We have known that the question papers are consisting of three parts which are multiple
choice questions, short-answer item and essay item. We also have the advantage and
disadvantage of all types of questions that we have. For multiple choices, it is ease of scoring,
ease of determining validity and reliability and easily established and maintained standardized
administration conditions but multiple choice question are limited to assessing knowledge and
understanding, lacks face validity and it also requires high level skills in item writing, test
construction and data analysis.

For short-answer item and essay item, the items are easier to construct than multiple
choice question, the appearance of high face validity and adaptive to any extended response
activity, for the example is in proposal, report, examinations and presentation buts it is need a lot
of time consuming to mark the questions. It also may cause appears in having a low inter-rater
and intra-rater reliability and also causes low objectivity.

In making a test paper, we have to make sure grammar that we use is correct and correct
in spelling. We had a challenge in making a test paper by negligent in spelling error and in a
using of grammar. We also had a challenge to find higher order thinking skill questions in level
of bloom taxonomies. To find lower order thinking skill questions is easier to us but in higher
order thinking skill questions are harder to us to find that questions especially in multiple choice
questions.

41
 We had found out that remember, understand and apply in level of bloom taxonomies in
multiple choices questions. In short answer and essay question, we got the higher order thinking
skill questions in level of bloom taxonomies but we only had evaluation and analysis questions.

Besides that, we also had a challenge in create a good distractor. It is take a long time to
us to create a good distractor and hard to us to choose where should be put a key in the options
so students cannot to answer the questions by test-wise strategies only and want students to
answer that question by thinking.

It takes time in to make an option that has a same length so that students will not only
choose the longest option as their answer. We realize that, it will make them to guess the answer
easier. Also, the student sometimes picks all the option with the scientific sounding answer and
pick all of a word that related to the topic which one is the key and the others is distractor.

Last but not least, making this test paper makes us realize how is difficult to be a teacher
especially in constructing a test paper when the every detail in the test paper needs to be
analyzed carefully to avoid mistakes. At the same time, we had learn about the teamwork,
depending on each other and also we had learn how teacher needs to sacrifice their financial,
times and energy to construct a test paper to students.

However, the result from all of this is satisfied and we felt proud that we have learned
more about the constructing the test paper that before we had never felt how difficulties that
teacher felt in making a test paper to us.

42
7.0 CONCLUSION

As a conclusion, we have running the test at Kuala Lumpur National Library and the test
paper is moderately effective and able to discriminate between high scoring group and low
scoring group. We went through a few phases before producing the test paper which are review
and editing, arranging, providing the direction and reproducing. Our paper is constructed based
on table of specification and six level of bloom’s taxonomy.

Based on the interpretation, the results have shown that we are managed to separate the
upper and lower students by referring their test result. But not all the question in the test is
perfect question to test students. There also have an error or mistake in our test question from
early and have been corrected.

In our test paper, we did not put all the bloom’s taxonomy level because we are
conducting the first 4 chapter in subject science form 4. We think it is too early to test them with
hardcore question level. Most of objective question are lower order thinking skill level.

We also make sure the students are in the perfect health condition before they answer our
test question. This is to make sure that students are not distracted by their health while answering
exam question. We also ask students 2 days before giving them a test and all students are in the
best health condition.

If there is a student who falls sick during the test day, we will give exceptional to the
students and give the test on another day. This will be fair to all students and it will help us to
measure their knowledge without any disruption.

43
APPENDIX I

A Copy of Test

44
APPENDIX II

Table of Specification

45
APPENDIX III
Answer Scheme

46
APPENDIX IV
Answer Script

47