GHG Emission Inventory Report - Haldia Refinery

Indian Oil Corporation Limited – Haldia Refinery
Greenhouse Gas Emission

Inventory Report
Reporting Period: 1st April 2009 to 31st March 2010
April 2011, Rev 02
1
Greenhouse Gas Emission Inventory Report
April 2011, Rev 2
Table of contents
1. Introduction.............................................................................................................................. 5
2. GHG Accounting Framework and Methodology ...................................................................... 9
2.1. GHG Accounting & Reporting Principles ......................................................................... 9

2.2. ISO 14064:2006 ............................................................................................................. 10
2.3. GHG Protocol................................................................................................................... 11
2.4. Defining the Organizational and Operational Boundaries ..............................................12
2.5. Establishing Base Year for Tracking GHG Emissions ..................................................... 17
2.6. Activity Data Collection and Analysis ............................................................................. 18
3. Quantification Methodology - Combustion Emissions: Stationary Emissions ..................... 20
3.1. Stationary Combustion Emissions ................................................................................. 20

3.2. Stationary Combustion in Process Units ........................................................................ 20
3.3. Stationary Combustion in CPP ....................................................................................... 20
3.4. Stationary Combustion from LPG Consumption in Canteen ......................................... 20
3.5. Methodological Approach................................................................................................21
4. Quantification Methodology -Combustion Emissions: Flaring emissions ............................. 24
4.1. Methodological Approach............................................................................................... 24

5. Quantification Methodology - Combustion Emissions: Mobile Emissions ........................... 26

6. Quantification Methodology – Process Emissions and Vented Sources ................................ 29

7. Quantification Methodology – Energy Indirect GHG Emissions ........................................... 33

8. Assumptions and Limitations in Estimation of GHG Emissions for IOCL Haldia Refinery .. 34
8.1. Assumptions ................................................................................................................... 34

9. Uncertainty Assessment ......................................................................................................... 35
10. Results of GHG Emission Inventory ..................................................................................... 37
10.1. Direct GHG Emissions Inventory Tools ......................................................................... 37

10.2. Activity Data for IOCL Haldia Refinery Operations ................................................... 38
10.3. Emissions Inventory and Carbon Intensity at IOCL Haldia Refinery ............................ 38
11. GHG Information Management System ................................................................................. 41
2
April 2011, Rev 2
11.1. Information Management System .................................................................................. 41

11.2. Document and Data Control ........................................................................................... 41
11.3. Roles and responsibilities ............................................................................................... 42
12. Verification ............................................................................................................................. 46
3
April 2011, Rev 2
Abbreviations
API American Petroleum Institute
IPIECA International Petroleum Industry Environmental Conservation
Association
IOCL Indian Oil Corporation Limited
FCCU Fluidised Catalytic Cracking Unit
VBU Vis breaking Unit
DHDS Diesel Hydrodesulphurization
VDU Vacuum Distillation Unit
CDU Crude Distillation Unit
HSD High Speed diesel
FO Fuel oil
FG Fuel Gas
AOR Annual Operation Report
CPP Captive Power Plant
GHG Greenhouse gas
HSE Health Safety Environment
BS –IV Bharat Stage-IV
MSQU Motor Spirit Quality Up-gradation Unit
GT Gas Turbine
OGP Oil and Gas Producers
ISO International Organization for Standardization
WRI World Resources Institute
WBCSD World Business Council for Sustainable Development
MOR Monthly Operations Report
BS-II Bharat Stage -II
RFCCU Resid Fluidized Catalytic Cracking Unit (RFCCU)
LPG Liquified Petroleum gas
GCV Gross Calorific Value
CEA Central Electricity Authority
GWPs Global Warming Potentials
CPCB Central Pollution Control Board
UNFCCC United Nation Framework Convention on Climate Change
HSE Health Safety Environment
HRSG Heat Recovery Steam Generator
R&D Research & Development
K-HDS Kero-Hydrodesulfurization Unit
PDA Propane Deasphalting Unit
FEU Furfural Extraction Unit
NMP N-Methyl Pyrrolidone
HFU Hydro Finishing Unit
CDWU Catalytic Dewaxing Unit
LOBS Lube Oil Base Stocks
MS Motor Spirit
FOB Fuel Oil Block
OHCU Once Through Hydrocracker Unit
CRU Catalytic Reforming Unit
SRU Sulphur Recovery Unit
ARU Amine Recovery Unit
SWS Salt Water Stripper
SDU Solvent Dewaxing Unit
MCW Micro Crystalline Works
FGRU Flare Gas Recovery Unit (FGRU)
LBO Lube Oil Block
T Tonnes
4
April 2011, Rev 2
1. INTRODUCTION
Indian Oil Corporation Limited (IOCL) is India's largest company by sales with a turnover of INR
271,074 crore and profit of INR 10,221 crore for the FY2009-10 (Source: http://www.iocl.com).
IOCL is the highest ranked Indian company in the latest Fortune ‗Global 500‘ listings, ranked at
the 125th position. IOCL‘s vision is driven by a group of dynamic leaders who have made it a
name to reckon with.
IOCL is currently metamorphosing from a pure sectoral company with dominance in
downstream in India to a vertically integrated, transnational energy behemoth. IOCL is already
on the way to becoming a major player in petrochemicals by integrating its core refining business
with petrochemical activities, besides making large investments in import/marketing ventures
for oil & gas in India and abroad
During the year 2009-10, IOCL sold over 63 million tonnes of petroleum products registering a
growth of 3.52%. Its determination to retain leadership, in the face of an uncertain retail pricing
scenario, was displayed by the sustained efforts made in commissioning new retail outlets in
urban and rural areas. IOCL continue to dominate the market in the competitive branded fuels,
lubricants and large volume consumer business. IOCL Indane LPG brand will be further
expanded through the launch of the Rajiv Gandhi Grameen LPG Vitarak Yojana.
IOCL‘s refineries together achieved a capacity utilisation of over 100% and the dispatches of
Bharat Stage –IV (BS-IV) quality fuels were done much in advance of the deadline. IOCL
pipelines registered the highest-ever operational throughput of about 65 million tonnes. With the
commissioning of the Chennai-Bengaluru Product Pipeline, the total network of pipelines
touched 10899 km. Research & Development (R&D) continues to drive IOCL innovations and 181
product formulations were developed and 65 approvals obtained from Original Equipment
Manufacturers. IOCL is committed to work for environment betterment and reduction of specific
energy consumption in its entire operation.
IOCL Haldia Refinery
The greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions inventory has been carried out in this report for IOCL
Haldia Refinery.
IOCL Haldia Refinery is one of the eight operating refineries of IOCL and it was commissioned in
January 1975. It is situated 136 km downstream of Kolkata in the district of Purba Medinipur,
West Bengal, near the confluence of river Hoogly and Haldi. From an original crude oil
processing capacity of 2.5 MMTPA, the refinery is operating at a capacity of 7.5 MMTPA at
present. Capacity of the refinery was increased to 2.75 MMTPA through de-bottlenecking in
1989-90, and the capacity was further increased to 4.7 MMTPA in 1996-97 with the
installation/commissioning of the second Crude Distillation Unit of 1.0 MMTPA capacity.
Petroleum products from this refinery are supplied mainly to eastern India through two product
pipelines as well as through barges, tank wagons and tank trucks. Products like Motor Spirit
(MS), High Speed Diesel (HSD) and Bitumen are exported from this refinery.
5
April 2011, Rev 2
IOCL Haldia Refinery is currently the only coastal refinery of the corporation and the lone lube
flagship (except Chennai Petroleum Corporation Limited), apart from being the sole producer of
Jute Batching Oil. Diesel Hydrodesulphurisation (DHDS) Unit was commissioned in 1999, for
production of low Sulphur content (0.25% wt) HSD. With augmentation of this unit, the refinery
is producing Bharat Stage –II (BS-II) and Euro-III equivalent HSD (part quantity) at present.
Resid Fluidized Catalytic Cracking Unit (RFCCU) was commissioned in 2001 in order to increase
the distillate yield of the refinery as well as to meet the growing demand of Liquified Petroleum
Gas (LPG), MS and HSD. IOCL Haldia Refinery also produces eco friendly Bitumen emulsion and
Microcrystalline Wax. A Catalytic De-waxing Unit (CDWU) was installed and commissioned in
the year 2003 for production of high quality Lube Oil Base Stocks (LOBS), meeting the API Gr-II
standard of LOBS. In order to meet the Euro-III fuel quality standards, the MS Quality
Improvement Project has been commissioned in 2005 for production of Euro-III equivalent MS.
The following Figure 1 depicts the process flow at the refinery.
Figure 1: Block Flow Diagram for IOCL Haldia Refinery.

The capacity of major processing units of IOCL Haldia Refinery and Thermal power plant are
presented in Table-1 and Table-2 respectively.
6
April 2011, Rev 2
Table 1: Details of Main Processing Units of IOCL Haldia Refinery.
S .No. Main Process Units Design capacity

Fuel Oil Block (FOB) Block
1 Crude Distillation Unit -I (CDU-I) 3.6 MMTPA
2 Crude Distillation Unit-II (CDU-II) 4.2 MMTPA
3 Catalytic Reforming Unit (CRU) 216 TMTPA
4 Kero-Hydrodesulfurization Unit (K-HDS). 577 TMTPA
Diesel Hydrodesulphurization (DHDS) Block
5 Vacuum Distillation Unit -II (VDU-II) 2.3 MMTPA
6 DHDS 1.5 MMTPA
7 Old Hydrogen Generation Unit 0.015 MMTPA
8 Fluidised Catalytic Cracking Unit (FCCU) 0.7 MMTPA
9 Motor Spirit Quality Upgradation Unit (MSQU) 0.2 MMTPA
10 Sulphur Recovery Unit-II (SRU - II) 60 TPD
11 Sulphur Recovery Unit--III (SRU - III) 60 TPD
12 Amine Recovery Unit (U-26) 139 m3/hr
13 Amine Recovery Unit (U-93) 450 m3/hr
14 Old Salt Water Stripper (U-29) 30 m3/hr
15 New Salt Water Stripper (U-29) 25 m3/hr
16 Salt Water Stripper (U-94) 25 m3/hr
Once Through Hydrocracker Unit (OHCU) Block
17 OHCU 1.7 MMTPA
18 New Hydrogen Generation Unit (NHGU) 0.075 MMTPA
19 Nitrogen Generation Unit (NGU) 1600 Nm3/hr (Gaseous)
Lube Oil Block (LOB) Block
20 Vacuum Distillation Unit-I (VDU-I) 1.5 MMTPA
21 Propane De-asphalting Unit (PDA) 0.8 MMTPA
22 Vis Breaking Unit (VBU) 492TMTPA
23 Catalytic Dewaxing Unit (CDWU) 0.2 MMTPA
24 Furfural Extraction Unit (FEU) 520TMTPA
25 Solvent Dewaxing Unit (SDU) 310TMTPA
26 N-Methyl Pyrrolidone (NMP) Extraction Unit 0.35 MMTPA
27 Hydro Finishing Unit (HFU) 0.2 MMTPA
28 Micro Crystalline Works (MCW) 15 TMTPA
Offsite
29 Flare Gas Recovery Unit (FGRU) 850 m3/hour
Table 2: Details of Thermal Power Plant at IOCL Haldia.
Steam Generation
S.no. Units (tonnes/hour)
1 Boiler-1 125
2 Boiler-2 125
3 Boiler-3 125
7
April 2011, Rev 2
Steam Generation
S.no. Units (tonnes/hour)
4 Boiler-4 150
5 Heat Recovery Steam Generator -1 (HRSG-1) 100
S. No. Units Capacity (MW)
1 Gas Turbine -1 (GT-1) 20
4 Turbine Generator -1 (TG1) 10.5
7 Turbine Generator - 4 (TG 4) 16.5
\
8
April 2011, Rev 2
2. GHG ACCOUNTING FRAMEWORK AND METHODOLOGY

2.1. GHG Accounting & Reporting Principles
In recent years, global warming and climate change have become international issues for both
industrialized and developing countries. These issues will continue to influence world, politically
and economically, for generations to come. Increasingly, companies are making efforts to
understand and manage their GHG opportunities and risks in order to ensure long-term success
in a competitive business environment.
GHG Inventory is expressed in terms of annual amount of CO2e emitted by a refinery while GHG
intensity is defined in terms of CO2e emission per tonne of crude processed. Many companies
have multiple objectives for GHG reporting, including emissions trading and public/voluntary
reporting.
The need for accounting and reporting of GHG emission inventory has become apparent not only
from corporate sustainability point of view but also from the perspective of reducing energy
intensity of operations. It also enables the reporting companies / refineries -
To prepare a GHG inventory that represents a true and fair account of their emissions,
through the use of standardized approaches and principles.
To understand how to prepare and what to consider for including in a report.
To provide business with information that can be used to build an effective strategy to
manage and reduce GHG emissions.
To create new opportunities for internal and external benchmarking.
To demonstrate industry commitment for consistent and transparent performance for GHG
accounting and reporting among various companies and GHG programs.
To encourage and facilitate stakeholder feedback, engagement and dialogue processes
towards mitigation of GHGs.
To use this information to improve business processes strategies and actions.
Current approaches for GHG emissions accounting vary among the few existing mandatory and
regulatory GHG reporting programs. The member companies of the petroleum industry have
jointly evolved guidelines that are specifically focused on the unique nature of the petroleum
industry. The key guidelines are:-
Petroleum Industry Guidelines for Reporting Greenhouse Gas Emissions (2003) by
International Petroleum Industry Environmental Conservation Association (IPIECA),
International Association of Oil and Gas Producers (OGP), and American Petroleum Institute
(API) prepared by Battelle
Compendium of Greenhouse Gas Emissions Estimation Methodologies for the Oil and
Natural Gas Industry (2009) by American Petroleum Institute (API) API (referred to as the
API Compendium).
9
April 2011, Rev 2
GHG emissions inventory and report for the petroleum refining operations for IOCL Haldia
Refinery have been developed based on ISO 14064-1:2006. ISO 14064-1:2006 provides guidance
at the organization level for quantification and reporting of GHG emissions and removals
In addition to above relevant provisions of Guidelines provided by ―The Greenhouse Gas Protocol
Corporate Accounting and Reporting Standard‖, revised edition by the WBCSD (hereinafter
referred to as the GHG Protocol) has also been used.
2.2. ISO 14064:2006

ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national
standards bodies (ISO member bodies). ISO 14064 consists following three parts:-
ISO 14064-1:2006 : Specification for the quantification, monitoring and reporting of
organization emissions and removals;
ISO 14064-2:2006: Specification for the quantification, monitoring and reporting of project
emission reductions and removal enhancements;
ISO 14064-3:2006: Specification and guidance for validation and verification.
The guidelines contained in ISO 14064-1:2006, i.e., specification for the quantification,
monitoring and reporting of organization emissions and removals have been used in the
preparation of GHG emissions inventory for IOCL Haldia Refinery.
2.2.1. Principles
RELEVANCE
Ensure that the GHG inventory appropriately reflects the GHG emissions of the company and
serves the decision-making needs of users – both internal and external to the company. An
important aspect of relevance is the selection of an appropriate inventory boundary that reflects
the substance and economic reality of the company‘s business relationships, not merely its legal
form. The choice of the inventory boundary is dependent on the characteristics of the company,
the intended purpose of information, and the needs of the users. When choosing the inventory
boundary, a number of factors need to be considered, such as:
Organizational structures: control (operational and financial), ownership, legal agreements,
joint ventures, etc.
Operational boundaries: on-site and off-site activities, processes and services
Business context: nature of activities, geographic locations, industry sector(s), purposes of
information, and users of information
COMPLETENESS
Account for and report on all GHG emission sources and activities within the chosen inventory
boundary. Disclose and justify any specific exclusion. For cases where emissions have not been
estimated, or estimated at an insufficient level of quality, it is important that this is transparently
documented and justified.
10
April 2011, Rev 2
CONSISTENCY
Use consistent methodologies to allow for meaningful comparisons of emissions over time. The
GHG information for all operations within an organization‘s inventory boundary needs to be
compiled in a manner that ensures that the aggregate information is internally consistent and
comparable over time. If there are changes in the inventory boundary, methods, data or any other
factors affecting emission estimates, they need to be transparently documented and justified.
TRANSPARENCY
Transparency relates to the degree to which information on the processes, procedures,
assumptions, and limitations of the GHG inventory are disclosed in a clear, factual, neutral, and
understandable manner based on transparent documentation and archives (i.e., an audit trail).
Information needs to be recorded, compiled, and analyzed in a way that enables internal
reviewers and external verifiers to attest to its credibility. Specific exclusions or inclusions need
to be clearly identified and justified, assumptions disclosed, and appropriate references provided
for the methodologies applied and the data sources used.
The information should be sufficient to enable a third party to derive the same results if provided
with the same source data. Disclosure should be made of any relevant assumptions and make
appropriate references to the accounting and calculation methodologies and data sources used.
ACCURACY
It is important to ensure that the quantification of GHG emissions is systematic and is neither
over nor under actual emissions, as far as can be judged, and that uncertainties are reduced as far
as practicable. Data should be sufficiently precise to enable intended users to make decisions
with reasonable assurance that the reported information is credible. GHG measurements,
estimates, or calculations should be systemically neither over nor under the actual emissions
value, as far as can be judged, and that are uncertainties reduced as far as practicable. The
quantification process should be conducted in a manner that minimizes uncertainty.
This Greenhouse Gas Emission Inventory report for IOCL Haldia Refinery has
been prepared for the period 1st April 2009 to 31st March 2010 in accordance with
ISO 14064-1:2006.
2.3. GHG Protocol

The Greenhouse Gas Protocol Initiative is a multi-stakeholder partnership of businesses, non-
governmental organizations (NGOs), governments, and others convened by the World Resources
Institute (WRI), a U.S.-based environmental Non-governmental organization, and the World
Business Council for Sustainable Development (WBCSD), a Geneva-based coalition of 170
international companies. Launched in 1998, the Initiative‘s mission is to develop internationally
accepted GHG accounting and reporting standards for business and to promote their broad
adoption.
The GHG Protocol Initiative comprises the GHG Protocol Corporate Accounting and Reporting
Standard, which provides a step-by-step guide for companies to use in quantifying and reporting
their GHG emissions. This GHG Protocol Corporate Standard provides standards and guidance
for companies and other types of organizations preparing a GHG emissions inventory. It covers
11
April 2011, Rev 2
the accounting and reporting of the six greenhouse gases covered by the Kyoto Protocol—carbon
dioxide (CO2), Methane (CH4), Nitrous oxide (N2O), Hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs),
Perfluorocarbons (PFCs), and Sulphur hexafluoride (SF6). The standard and guidance are
designed with the following objectives in mind:
To help companies prepare a GHG inventory that represents a true and fair account of their
emissions, through the use of standardized approaches and principles
To simplify and reduce the costs of compiling a GHG inventory
To provide business with information that can be used to build an effective strategy to
manage and reduce GHG emissions
To provide information that facilitates participation in voluntary and mandatory GHG
programs
To increase consistency and transparency in GHG accounting and reporting among various
companies and GHG programs.
2.4. Defining the Organizational and Operational Boundaries

The GHG emissions for an organization are the aggregate of the emissions from various facilities
either partially, jointly or wholly owned by the organization. The organization may also have
varying levels of influences over the operations within these facilities in addition to the varying
levels of ownership of these facilities. The Guidance provided within the ISO 14064-1:2006 is
used in determining the organizational boundary for IOCL Haldia Refinery.
2.4.1. Organizational Boundary for IOCL Haldia
As described in the ISO 14064-1:2006, the organization shall consolidate its facility-level GHG
emissions and removals by one of the following approaches:
a) Control: The organization accounts for all quantified GHG emissions and/or removals from
facilities over which it has financial or operational control; or
b) Equity Share: The organization accounts for its portion of GHG emissions and/or removals
from respective facilities
As IOCL management has full operational and financial control on the refinery operation, hence
control approach has been considered and 100% of the emissions would be attributed to IOCL
Haldia refinery only. Control includes full financial and operational control of the refinery
operations. The IOCL Haldia Refinery is located at address mentioned below:
Indian Oil Corporation Limited

Haldia Refinery
P.O. Haldia Oil Refinery – 721606
District Purba Medinipur, West Bengal
12
April 2011, Rev 2
The organizational boundary for IOCL Haldia refinery is described in the Table 3 below:
Table 3: Organizational boundary for IOCL Haldia Refinery.
SL. No Operation Site Description
Refinery Operations
IOCL Haldia Refinery Crude Distillation unit , Vacuum distillation unit ,

Complex Vis breaking unit , Hydrogen generation unit ,
Fluidised catalytic cracking unit , Sulphur
recovery unit, Catalytic reforming unit, Diesel
hydro desulphurization unit, Hydrocracker unit,
Furfural Extraction Unit, Catalytic Dewaxing Unit,
Kero-Hydrodesulfurization Unit, N-Methyl
Pyrrolidone, Propane Deasphalting Unit, Hydro
Finishing Unit, NHDT, Amine recovery unit, Salt
water stripper, micro crystalline works, Thermal
power plant, Flare gas recovery unit, Motor spirit
quality upgradation, Prime-G, Effluent treatment
plant, Oil movement and storage (OM&S), Tank
farms , Company owned vehicles, Tank wagon
loading gantry, Loco shed, Crude receiving station
and product pumping station.
2.4.2. Operational Boundary for IOCL Haldia Refinery
As per ISO 14064-1:2006, the establishment of operational boundaries includes identifying GHG
emissions and removals associated with the organization's operations. It involves categorizing
GHG emissions and removals into Direct GHG Emissions, Energy Indirect GHG Emissions and
Other Indirect GHG emissions. Setting the operational boundary involves identification of the
GHG emission sources and sinks associated with the operations included in the Organizational
Boundary described above. The emission sources then need to be categorized based on ownership
and control over the sources of GHG emissions as described in the Table 4 below:
Table 4: Typical Sources for Direct GHG emissions and removals, Energy Indirect
GHG emissions and Other Indirect GHG emissions.
S.No Emission types Description Typical Sources
1. Direct GHG Direct GHG Emissions occur o Emissions from

Emissions and from sources that are owned combustion in owned or
13
April 2011, Rev 2
S.No Emission types Description Typical Sources
Removals or controlled by the company controlled boilers, furnaces,

or direct GHG emissions vehicles, etc.;
from facilities within its
o Stationary combustion
organizational boundaries
sources
o Mobile combustion sources
o Flaring
o Process Vented Emissions
o Fugitive emissions
2. Energy Indirect GHG Energy Indirect GHG o Purchased electricity

Emissions Emissions include GHG
emissions from the
generation of purchased
electricity consumed with in
the operational boundary
3. Other Indirect GHG Other Indirect GHG Emissions due to

Emissions Emissions are the
o Exploration and production
consequence of the activities
of crude oil and natural gas;
of the company, but occur
from sources not owned or o Leased assets, franchises,
controlled by the company. and outsourced activities
o Transportation of
purchased Crude oil and
natural gas and any other
fuel
o Use of products
o Offsite catalyst generation
o Waste disposal
GHG emissions associated with IOCL Haldia Refinery operations were identified and categorized
into Direct GHG emissions and Energy Indirect GHG emissions as shown in Table 5.
Table 5: Operational Boundary for IOCL Haldia Refinery.
S.No GHG Sources considered Activity Data considered for GHG

Emissions emission quantification
Scope
1. Direct GHG emissions and removals

1.1 Stationary 1. Thermal power station 1. Data on fuel consumption for
14
April 2011, Rev 2

Scope
Combustion operation (GTs, HRSG, Thermal power station
Sources- TGs) 2. Lab analysis reports with
CPP information on fuel characteristics
for each fuel type.
These emissions are within organizational
boundaries and hence are included in
Direct GHG emissions
1.2 Stationary 1. Combustion in 1. Data on fuel consumption for
Combustion process plants process units
Sources- 2. Lab analysis reports with
Process information on fuel characteristics
plants for each fuel type.
These emissions are within
organizational boundaries and hence
are included in Direct GHG emissions
1.3 Mobile 1. Operation of contracted 1. Data on quantity of fuel
Emission vehicles ( Jeeps , cars, consumption
Sources contracted cranes) and 2. Data on total distance travelled (for
company owned vehicles road transport of contract vehicles)
(Ambulance, car,
3. Type of vehicles used (company
motorcycle, forklift,
owned and contracted). The
crane, Loco and other
contracted vehicles are operating
heavy machinery )
within the operational boundary and
are operating under the control of
IOCL Haldia refinery.
4. Default carbon content for HSD and
Gasoline.
1.4 Process 1. Process emissions from 1. Lab analysis reports with

Emissions various units information on coke
2. Cold Vent from VDU-I 2. Lab analysis report for various fuel
and VDU –II. used and the quantity of fuel used in
3. Fugitive emissions each process units
3. Design flow rate for vent gas and Lab
composition analysis for VDU-II
vent gas.
4. Default carbon content for Naphtha
from API Compendium 2009
5. Default fugitive emissions from API
Compendium 2009
6. Default N2O emissions from API
Compendium 2009
organizational boundaries and hence are
15
April 2011, Rev 2

Scope
included in Direct GHG emissions
1.5 Flaring 1. Flaring in case of 1. Lab analysis report for flare gas
Emergency shutdown or composition
valve passing or any plant 2. Annual Operations Report (AOR) for
disturbances. the quantity of gas flaring
organizational boundaries and hence are
included in Direct GHG emissions
1.6 LPG 1. Emissions due to LPG 1. Data on LPG consumption in canteen
consumption consumption in canteen 2. GCV and default emission factor
in canteen for LPG.
1.7 CO2 usage 1. Emissions due to CO2 1. Quantity of CO2 used in fire
in Fire usage in fire extinguisher extinguisher
extinguisher
2. Energy Indirect GHG emissions
2.1 Power 1. Power Imports in refinery 1. Data on units of electricity imported
emissions from the NEWNE Grid ,
2. Grid emission factor as per CEA
database version 05
There is no combustion of biomass in IOCL Haldia Refinery and hence CO2 emissions from
combustion of biomass are not considered.
As shown in table above, the operational boundary of IOCL Haldia Refinery includes Direct GHG
emissions and Energy Indirect GHG emissions. Other Indirect GHG emissions have not been
considered in this GHG emission inventory.
2.4.3. Exclusions
Sink has been conservatively excluded from the scope due to lack of detailed information on type
of trees in IOCL Haldia Refinery. Other Indirect GHG emissions have not been considered in this
GHG emission inventory.
2.4.4. Greenhouse Gases

All GHG emissions figures are in tonnes of Carbon dioxide equivalents (CO2e) and include CO2,
N2O, HFCs and CH4.
The possible sources of SF6 and PFCs in a petroleum refinery can be electric circuit breakers and
fire extinguishing media respectively. There are no emission sources of SF6 and PFCs in IOCL
Haldia Refinery as these gases are not being used, in electric circuit breakers and as fire
extinguishing media respectively. A declaration has been enclosed as Appendix I, stating that SF6
have not been used in electric circuit breakers in IOCL Haldia Refinery during 1 st April 2009 to
16
April 2011, Rev 2
31st March 2010. Also, a declaration has been enclosed stating that PFCs have not been used as
fire extinguishing media in IOCL Haldia Refinery during 1st April 2009 to 31st March 2010.
2.5. Establishing Base Year for Tracking GHG Emissions

Establishing a Base Year is required for companies to be able to set a performance datum with
which to compare current and future emissions. Base year, as per ISO 14064-1:2006, is defined
as historical period specified for the purpose of comparing GHG emissions or removals or other
GHG-related information over time.
As per ISO 14064-1:2006, the organization shall establish an historical base year for GHG
emissions and removals for comparative purposes or to meet GHG programme requirements or
other intended uses of the GHG inventory. If sufficient information on historical GHG emissions
or removals is not available, the organization may use its first GHG inventory period as the base
year. In establishing the base year,
a) The organization shall quantify base-year GHG emissions and removals using data
representative of the organization's activity, typically single-year data, a multi-year average or a
rolling average,
b) The organization shall select a base year for which verifiable GHG emissions or removals data
are available,
c) The organization shall explain the selection of the base year, and
d) The organization shall develop a GHG inventory for the base year consistent with the
provisions of ISO 14064.
2.5.1. Determining Base Year for IOCL Haldia Refinery
The first GHG inventory period i.e. 1st April 2009 to 31st March 2010 is selected as the base year
for IOCL Haldia Refinery. The reasons for selection of base year are as follows:
1) The GHG inventory for the base year has been quantified as per ISO 14064-1:2006.
2) Verifiable GHG emissions data are available for the year.
Thus, 1st April 2009 to 31st March 2010 is selected as the base year for IOCL Haldia Refinery and
future comparison of emissions will be done based on the emissions inventory developed for the
year 2009-10.
2.5.2. Recalculating Base Year Emissions:
As per ISO 14064-1:2006, the organization shall develop, apply and document a base-year
recalculation procedure to account for
1. Changes in the operational boundaries
2. The ownership and control of GHG sources or sinks transferred into or out of organizational
boundaries, and
3. Changes to GHG quantification methodologies that result in significant changes to quantified
GHG emissions or removals
17
April 2011, Rev 2
Recalculation of base year emissions, if necessitated due to the circumstances described above,
will ensure consistency and relevance of the GHG emissions reported by IOCL Haldia Refinery
and enable meaningful comparison and tracking of emissions over time. If required, IOCL
Haldia Refinery would document base-year recalculations in subsequent GHG inventories.
2.6. Activity Data Collection and Analysis

Petroleum refinery is an energy intensive process that predominantly generates CO2 emissions at
various stages during the primary and secondary production processes, resulting in direct GHG
emissions and Energy Indirect GHG emissions. Quantification of these emissions has been based
on Annual Operations Report provided by IOCL Haldia Refinery. Calculation methodologies
tools and associated guidance documents provided within the following are used
Compendium of Greenhouse Gas Emissions Estimation Methodologies for the Oil and
Natural Gas Industry by American Petroleum Institute (API), 2009 (referred to as the
API Compendium 2009).
GHG protocol and its sector tool sets
IPCC guidelines
ISO 14064-1:2006.
CEA database Version -5
Tool to calculate the emission factor for an electricity system published by UNFCCC.
API Compendium recognizes calculation techniques and emission factors for estimating GHG
emissions for oil and natural gas industry operations. These techniques cover the calculation or
estimation of emissions from the full range of industry operations. The API Compendium is
neither a standard nor a recommended practice for the development of emissions inventories.
Rather, as the name implies, it represents a compilation of commonly used GHG emission
estimation methodologies. There are twelve industry segments which are referred to in the
Compendium:-
Conventional Exploration and Production
Oil Sands and Heavy Oil Upgrading
Coal Bed Methane Production
Gas Processing
Carbon Capture and Geological Storage
Natural Gas Storage and LNG Operations
Transportation and Distribution
Refining
Petrochemical Manufacturing
Minerals and Mining Operations
Retail and Marketing
Energy Generation
The guidelines for the Refining (API Section 2.2.8) and Energy Generation (API Section 2.2.12)
have been referred to in estimation of GHG inventory. It is important to note that the
Compendium makes an important consideration for fuel properties in terms of heating values
and carbon content. Data in IOCL Haldia Refinery has been reconciled as per the mass balance
18
April 2011, Rev 2
across the refinery. CO2 emissions associated with the combustion of fossil fuels or refined
products in the Compendium are based on the conversion of 100% of the fuel carbon to CO2.
2.6.1. Emission sources
As per section 3.2 of the Compendium, emissions of GHG in the oil and natural gas industry
typically occur from following general source classes:
Combustion sources, including both stationary devices and mobile equipment
Process emissions and vented sources
Fugitive sources
Indirect sources. (Energy Indirect GHG emissions)
The sources identified for IOCL Haldia Refinery are described in following sections of the report.
19
April 2011, Rev 2
3. QUANTIFICATION METHODOLOGY - COMBUSTION EMISSIONS:

STATIONARY EMISSIONS
3.1. Stationary Combustion Emissions
The combustion of fuels produces emissions of the CO2, CH4 and N2O. When weighted by their
Global Warming Potentials (GWPs), CO2 typically represent over 99% of the GHG emissions
from the stationary combustion of fossil fuels.
In all stationary combustions, all the carbon in the fuel is assumed to be oxidized to CO2 in the
long run. When calculating CO2 emissions, it is critical that all fuel consumption data and
composition should have the same basis.
Some combustion units may use fuels different than the primary fuel type for start-up or burner
ignition. Depending upon the frequency of unit startups, this quantity of fuel could become
significant. The organization level GHG inventory should include emissions from all combustion
sources even if infrequently used. For example, in some of the units, startup heaters are there
which are only used during plant startups (e.g. FCCU)
The sources of stationary combustions have been broadly classified as process units and captive
power plant (CPP).
3.2. Stationary Combustion in Process Units

The process unit wise quantities of different types of fuels, which are consumed in a year, are
tabulated. Based on the fuel composition/ calorific value, the carbon content factor of each of the
fuel types (FO, FG) is calculated. Thus, CO2 emissions from each of the furnace/heaters in
tonne/yr can be quantified for each of the furnaces in process units.
Unlike other fired heaters, the reformer furnace in Hydrogen plant utilizes naphtha/FG feed as a
primary fuel and PSA off gas stream as a secondary fuel. Thus, the CO2 emissions associated with
hydrogen reformer furnace needs to be quantified only on the naphtha feed as from the process
only the secondary fuel is being generated.
The CO2 emissions due to coke combustion in the FCCU unit would also be quantified based on
the carbon content in the coke and the amount of coke combusted in the FCCU.
3.3. Stationary Combustion in CPP

In the Thermal power plant, FO is used whereas in GT, Naphtha is used as fuel. Fuel gas is used
in HRSG. The quantities of different types of fuels which are consumed in a year are tabulated.
Based on the fuel composition/ calorific value, the carbon content factor of each of the fuel types
(FO, FG) is calculated. Thus, CO2 emissions from each of combustion source in TPS can be
quantified as tonnes CO2 /year.
3.4. Stationary Combustion from LPG Consumption in Canteen

LPG is consumed in the canteen for cooking and it is within the operational boundaries of IOCL
Haldia Refinery. The Canteen operation has been controlled by management of IOCL Haldia
Refinery and hence its emissions are considered as Direct GHG emissions. The total CO2
20
April 2011, Rev 2
emissions from LPG consumption are calculated considering GCV of LPG, default CO2 emission
factor for LPG from API Compendium and the quantity of LPG consumed in the canteen.
3.5. Methodological Approach

The below decision trees represent the methodological approach for Stationary Combustion:-
The fuel carbon content is available for fuel oil, fuel gas and coke within the IOCL Haldia
Refinery, API compendium‘s section 4.3 has been used to estimate stationary combustion
emissions. The carbon content of a fuel mixture is a weighted average of the individual
component carbon contents. This is determined by first calculating the weight percentage carbon
of each of the fuel components. This is accomplished by multiplying the molecular weight of
carbon by the number of moles of carbon and dividing by the molecular weight of the compound.
The following equation is used:
Wt%C Cj = 12 lb C ×X lbmole C/ lbmole C × lbmole Cj ×100%

MW Cj (lb/lbmole)
where
Wt% CCj = carbon content of individual hydrocarbon compound on a mass percent basis;
j = any hydrocarbon compound CxHyOz from Equation 4-1;
12 = molecular weight of carbon;
X = Stoichiometric coefficient for carbon (for example X=3 for pentane, C3H8);
21
April 2011, Rev 2
MW CXY = molecular weight of individual hydrocarbon compound

The carbon content of the fuel mixture is calculated using the following equation (Equation 4-
10):
#Compound
Wt%C Mixture = 1/100 ×∑i=1 (Wt % i ×Wt% C i)
where
Wt% CMixture = carbon content of mixture, on mass percent basis;
Wt%i = weight percent of component i; and
Wt%Ci = carbon content of component i on a weight percent basis, calculated using the
previous equation (Equation 4-9).
For combustion of gaseous fuels (fuel gas), CO2 emissions are calculated using the following
equation (Equation 4-11), assuming 100% oxidation:
ECO2 = FC × (1/ molar volume conversion) × MW Mixture ×Wt% C Mixture ×44/12
Where
E CO 2 = mass emissions of CO2 (lb or kg);
FC = fuel consumed (scf or m3);
Molar volume = conversion from molar volume to mass (379.3 scf/lbmole or 23.685
conversion m3/kgmole);
MW Mixture = molecular weight of mixture; and
44/12 = stoichiometric conversion of C to CO2.
For combustion of liquid fuels (fuel oil), CO2 emissions are calculated using the following
equation (Equation 4-12), assuming 100% oxidation:
ECO2 = FC × D ×Wt% C Mixture ×44/12
Where
D = density of fuel (lb/gal or kg/m3);
FC = fuel consumed (gal or m3).
For combustion of solid fuels (coke), CO2 emissions are calculated using the following equation
(Equation 4-13), assuming 100% oxidation:
ECO2 = FC ×Wt% C Mixture ×44/12
Where
FC = fuel consumed in mass units (lb, kg, tonnes).
22
April 2011, Rev 2
In case of naphtha and HSD, carbon content is taken from table 3.8 of API Compendium 2009.
For HSD, the carbon content of distillate oil (diesel) is used. This value is 86.34% carbon by
weight.
For naphtha, the value of special Naphtha is taken, which is 84.76% carbon by weight. The
emissions are calculated from based on this carbon content.
Complete combustion is assumed in estimating CO2 emissions per API Compendium 2009.
The CO2 emissions from the LPG consumption have been calculated using the default CO2
emission factor of LPG (GCV basis) from table 4-3 of API Compendium 2009.. The GCV of the
LPG is taken from the publicly available source http://www.gasindia.in/technical-
specification.html applicable for India.
As per API Compendium 2009, N2O is produced both naturally, through various biological
reactions in the soil and in water, and anthropogenically through industrial, waste management,
and agricultural activities. With respect to oil and natural gas industry operations, trace amounts
of N2O may be formed from reactions that occur during stationary or mobile source combustion.
The quantity of N2O formed during combustion varies based on the fuel, equipment, and
pollution control device. Depending on the facility type (i.e. compressor station or gas plant) and
the proliferation (and model/type) of reciprocating engines at a particular upstream facility, N2O
emissions can be more than 2% of the total facility GHG emissions inventory, on a CO2e basis. As
per API Compendium 2009, N2O emissions contribute less than 1% of a refinery‘s overall GHG
inventory (on a CO2e basis). Therefore, conservatively, N2O emissions from combustion at IOCL
Haldia Refinery have been taken to be 1% of Direct GHG emissions.
CH4 is negligible (complete combustion) and the same has been excluded from the GHG
inventory exercise (API Compendium 2009).
Quantification methodologies from API Compendium 2009 have been used as these are
specifically developed for oil and natural gas industry. The applied methodologies consider fuel
properties to calculate the carbon content of the individual fuels /feed and coke. As the carbon
content of the refinery specific fuel has been considered it would help in quantification of
representative GHG inventory.
23
April 2011, Rev 2
4. QUANTIFICATION METHODOLOGY -COMBUSTION EMISSIONS:

FLARING EMISSIONS
CO2 emissions from flares and incinerators are a special category of stationary combustion
because flares are typically not operated for the purpose of producing useful energy. They also
tend to function at lower combustion efficiencies than other devices (i.e., they allow a larger
percentage of the fuel to pass unburnt). However, for the purpose of estimating CO2 emissions
from flares, the methods and data collection approaches are no different than for other
combustion units.
To account emissions from flares, the average representative flare gas composition and the
annual flaring quantity is tabulated.. Using the carbon content factor, CO2 emissions are then
quantified. In addition, the CO2 emissions arising from the continuous burning of the pilot fuel
(to keep pilot burners running) can be included, if the consumption of the same is measurable/
quantifiable.

The below decision trees represent the methodological approach for Flaring Emission:-
For the purpose of this exercise, the quantity of gas flared as well as the flare gas composition is
available. 98% combustion efficiency is applied as suggested by API Compendium, 2009.
Further, for N2O emissions are likely negligible compared to CO2 emissions from flares,
therefore, it has been excluded on the principle of materiality. However, conservatively the total
N2O emissions have already been considered as 1% of the total direct emissions which also
includes the flaring component.
As the volume of hydrocarbons at the flare outlet is known, the following equation (Equation 4-
14, API Compendium 2009) is used to calculate CO2 emissions:
ECO2 = (HC × CFHC × FE/(1-FE) × 44/12) + MCO2
24
April 2011, Rev 2
Where
ECO2 = CO2 mass emission rate;
HC = flare hydrocarbon mass emission rate (from the flare);
CFHC = carbon weight fraction in hydrocarbon;
FE = flare destruction efficiency;
44/12 = C to CO2 conversion factor; and
M CO2 = mass of CO2 in flared stream based on CO2 composition of the stream.
For the purpose of this exercise, mass of CO2 in flared stream based on CO2 composition of the
stream is converted back into carbon mass and then reconverted to estimate emissions, due to
issues in temporal data aggregation.
specifically developed for oil and natural gas industry. The applied methodologies consider flare
gas composition to calculate the carbon content of the flare gas, quantity of flare gas has been
taken from the AOR. As the carbon content of the refinery specific flare gas has been considered
it would help in quantification of the representative GHG inventory.
25
April 2011, Rev 2
5. QUANTIFICATION METHODOLOGY - COMBUSTION EMISSIONS:

MOBILE EMISSIONS
As per API Compendium 2009, the transportation combustion sources are the engines that
provide motive power for vehicles used as part of petroleum operations. Transportation sources
may include company fleet vehicles such as cars and trucks used for work-related personnel
transport, as well as forklifts and other construction and maintenance equipment, rail cars,
tanker trucks, ships, and barges used to transport crude and petroleum products.
The fossil fuel-fired Internal Combustion engines used in transportation are a source of CO2
emissions. Small quantities of CH4 and N2O are also emitted based on fuel composition,
combustion conditions, and post-combustion control technology. CH4 emissions from
transportation fuel consumption can also be estimated using a mass balance and assuming
certain CH4 destruction efficiency for the CH4 content of the fuel. CH4 formation from the
combustion of gasoline and diesel, the most commonly used transportation fuels, typically only
contributes around 1% of CO2 equivalent emissions from the road transport sector; N2O
emissions are not much higher, contributing only 2-3% of CO2 equivalent emissions (API
Compendium -2009)
For the purpose of this report, transportation emissions are quantified from company owned
vehicles and vehicles on contract basis operating within the operational boundary.
CH4 and N2O emissions have been considered conservatively as 1% and 3% of the total CO2
emissions respectively.

The following figures illustrate the decision tables for estimating CO2 emissions from mobile
sources. The approaches for estimating CO2 emissions range from the use of fuel consumption
rates and composition data to applying default fuel data to fuel-based emission factors or
emission estimates based on vehicle distance traveled.
5.1.1. Company Owned Vehicles
HSD is consumed in Loco, company owned vehicles, forklift, cranes, hydra, other heavy
machinery. The fuel quantity consumed in Loco, company owned vehicles, forklift, cranes, hydra,
other heavy machinery is available and the same has been used to calculate the emissions from
fuel. The diesel consumption quantity is multiplied by the carbon content of 86.34% provided in
Table 3.8, API Compendium. The result so obtained is then multiplied by the stochiometric ratio
of CO2/C to estimate emissions. Quantification methodologies from API Compendium 2009 have
been used as these are specifically developed for oil and natural gas industry. The default carbon
content of HSD has been considered from the API Compendium 2009 as it is a standardized fuel.
Gasoline is also consumed in car, ambulance and motorcycles in IOCL Haldia Refinery. The
quantity of gasoline is available and the same has been used to calculate the emissions. The
gasoline consumption quantity is multiplied by the carbon content of 86.6% provided in Table
3.8, API Compendium. The result so obtained is then multiplied by the stochiometric ratio of
CO2/C to estimate emissions. Quantification methodologies from API Compendium 2009 have
been used as these are specifically developed for oil and natural gas industry. The default carbon
26
April 2011, Rev 2
content of Gasoline has been considered from the API Compendium 2009 as it is a standardized
fuel.
Is the volume of fuel

consumed available?
Yes
Are the fuel

carbon content
and density
available?
Yes
Table 3.8 of API

Compendium,
2009 is used
5.1.2. Contract Vehicles
The contract vehicles are under the control of management of IOCL Haldia Refinery and the
same are considered as Direct GHG emissions. For contract vehicles namely cars and jeeps
distance travelled is used to calculate the emissions from fuel. This is multiplied by the factors of
respective vehicles as available from the CPCB report ' Air Quality Monitoring Project -Indian
Clean Air Program http://cpcb.nic.in/DRAFTREPORT-on-efdiv.pdf. CPCB emissions factors
have been considered as these are developed based on Indian driving cycle and thus are
representative of vehicular emissions in India. Contracted cranes are also employed in IOCL
Haldia Refinery. The quantity of HSD consumed in contracted cranes is calculated considering
HSD consumption of 7 litres/hr of operation. The diesel consumption quantity is multiplied by
the carbon content of 86.34% provided in Table 3.8, API Compendium. The result so obtained is
then multiplied by the stochiometric ratio of CO2/C to estimate emissions. Quantification
methodologies from API Compendium 2009 have been used as these are specifically developed
for oil and natural gas industry. The default carbon content of HSD has been considered from the
API Compendium as it is a standardized fuel.
27
April 2011, Rev 2
Is the volume of fuel

consumed available?
No
Is the distance
traveled
known for each
vehicle
and fuel type?
Yes
Convert distance
traveled to
emissions based
on CPCB report
28
April 2011, Rev 2
6. QUANTIFICATION METHODOLOGY – PROCESS EMISSIONS AND

VENTED SOURCES
There are certain process units in refinery where CO2 is emitted as a result of the process feature
(i.e. physical or chemical processing) and not due to the combustion of fuels. These process units
and associated source of CO2 emissions is as below.
Fluidized Catalytic cracking unit – CO2 in flue gas stream coming from the regenerator, which
is released to the atmosphere. The CO2 is generated as a result of burning of coke deposited,
during continuous regeneration of FCC catalyst. The emission would be calculated using
amount of coke burnt, assuming 100% oxidation and that the carbon content factor of the
coke.
Hydrogen plant - The hydrogen (H2) plant produces significant CO2 emissions during the
steam reforming and water gas shift reactions. The CO2, which is a part of PSA off gas, is
ultimately vented to the atmosphere through reformer furnace section. The quantity of CO2
vented depends on the carbon content and rate of the feed of the hydrogen plant.
Sulphur recovery units – CH4 emissions would be negligible and CO2 emissions through
incinerator tail gas would be negligible (API Compendium 2009).
ETP – The effluent treatment plants having aerobic treatment process would have negligible
GHG emissions. As IOCL Haldia Refinery is having the aerobic treatment plant and the
associated emissions are already considered in the overall fugitive emissions from the refinery.
Cold vents from other units – There are some process specific vents which are directly
released to the atmosphere and are not routed to flare system due to its low pressure or
composition. For example, the vent in VDU overhead, purge gas vent in hydro treaters. The
estimation of CH4 and CO2 for these vents can be done if the flow measurements and
composition of these streams are available.
Crude Flashing Losses: As per API Compendium 2009, where liquids are in contact with a gas
phase, high pressures will cause some of the gas to go into solution (i.e., thermodynamic
equilibrium between the phases will eventually occur). When the liquid is brought to
atmospheric conditions, the solution gas is released through a rapid process called flashing.
Crude oil production tanks (primarily fixed roof tanks) emit CH4 (and potentially CO2 for a
CO2 -rich stream) through flashing losses, which occur as the crude oil pressure decreases
from the separator conditions to atmospheric pressure in the storage tank. This primarily
occurs in production operations; however, flashing emissions can also occur from oil pipeline
pigging. Once crude oil reaches atmospheric pressure and the volatile CH4 has flashed off, the
crude is considered ―weathered‖ or stabilized. Unless site-specific data indicate otherwise,
―weathered‖ crude is assumed to have no CH4. Therefore, the same has been excluded from
the GHG inventory analysis as weathered crude is used in IOCL Haldia Refinery.
Tanks Working/Standing Losses: Liquid petroleum storage tanks can produce hydrocarbon
emissions through working and standing (breathing) losses. These storage tanks include crude
oil tanks in production and intermediate tanks at a refinery. Tank types include fixed roof
tanks as well as floating roof tanks. Working loss emissions occur during the filling and
emptying of the tanks as evaporative losses occur and vapor space is displaced. Standing losses
occur during storage of the liquid, and can result from diurnal temperature changes. Working
29
April 2011, Rev 2
and breathing loss emissions of these gases are very small in production and virtually non-
existent in the downstream segments. Unless site-specific data indicate otherwise,
―weathered‖ crude and other refined petroleum products are assumed to contain no CH4 or
CO2. Therefore, the same has been excluded for this GHG inventory exercise.
6.1.1. Catalytic cracking unit (FCCU)
The methodological approach for catalytic cracking unit is Are the partial pressures
of CO2 and CO known?
presented below:-
For this exercise, the emissions have been quantified using the No
following equation (Equation 5.4). This approach uses the coke
burn rate expressed in mass per year. The coke burned is Is the flue gas
assumed to proceed completely to CO2. concentration
known?
No
Apply the approach

ECO2 = CCAvg x CF x (44 mass units CO /mole/12 represented by
Equation 5-4, API
mass units C/mole) Compendium 2009.
Where
E CO2 = emissions of CO2 in units of mass (pounds, kg, tonnes) per year;
CC = daily average coke burn rate in units of mass per year;
CF = fraction of carbon in the coke burned (if unknown, default = 1);
44 = molecular weight of CO2; and
12 = molecular weight of carbon (coke is assumed to be carbon).
specifically developed for oil and natural gas industry. The applied methodologies consider coke
composition to calculate the carbon content in the coke, quantity of coke has been taken from the
AOR. As the carbon content of the refinery specific FCC coke has been considered it would help
in quantification of the representative GHG inventory.
The methodology adopted for calculating the coke burnt is based on the heat and mass balance
across the regenerator. The details of the same have been provided below:
FCC coke calculation is based on the regenerator flue gas analysis data done through Gas
Chromatography. Through flue gas analysis energy balance of the regenerator-reactor is carried
out which provides the catalyst circulation rate in the system and the coke yield. The steps to
calculate FCC coke are as follows:
1. Analysis of the regenerator flue gas is carried out.
2. Net dry air inlet to the system in kg/hr is calculated using relative humidity of the air and
the air inlet to regenerator flow value.
30
April 2011, Rev 2
3. Flue gas outlet rate is calculated by nitrogen balance in the dry air. This gives the
individual flow rate of other components (naming O2, CO2 and CO).
4. O2 balance in inlet and outlet stream is carried out to calculate equivalent amount of
water and the amount of hydrogen in coke is calculated.
5. Carbon in coke is equal to the amount of carbon converted in the form of CO and CO2.
6. Total coke is carbon and hydrogen as calculated in step 4 and 5 above.
6.1.2. Hydrogen Plant
As naphtha is used as feedstock in the hydrogen plant, the approach is based on material balance
using the feedstock rate and carbon content. The following equation (Equation 5-8) presents this
material balance approach:
E CO2 = FR ×CF × (44 mass units CO /mole)/( 12 mass units C/mole)
Where
E CO 2 = emissions of CO2 in units of mass (pounds, kg, tonnes) per year;
FR = feedstock rate in units of mass per year (feedstock rate excluding H2O fed);
CF = Weight fraction of carbon in feedstock;
44 = molecular weight of CO2; and
12 = molecular weight of carbon.
specifically developed for oil and natural gas industry. The applied methodologies consider the
carbon content in naphtha as the default values given in the API Compendium 2009. The default
values are representative as naphtha is a standardized fuel.
6.1.3. Emissions from Cold vents
There are some process specific vents which are directly released to the atmosphere and are not
routed to flare system due to its low pressure or composition. In IOCL Haldia Refinery the
sources of cold vents has been identified as VDU I and VDU II units. The emission from the cold
vents in VDU I and VDU-II is quantified using the design flow rate and VDU-II vent gas
composition analysis.. The following equations have been used to calculate CH4 emissions in
cold vents from VDU-I and VDU –II.
E CO2 = FR ×CCH4 × GWP CH4
Where
E CO 2 = Emissions of CO2 in units of mass (pounds, kg, tonnes) per year;
FR = Vent gas flow rate in units of mass per year ;
CCH4 = Methane content (weight %) in vent gas;
31
April 2011, Rev 2
GWPCH4 = Global Warming Potential for CH4.
The following equations have been used to calculate CO2 emissions in cold vents from VDU-I and
VDU –II.
E CO2 = FR ×CCO2
Where
E CO 2 = Emissions of CO2 in units of mass (pounds, kg, tonnes) per year;
FR = Vent gas flow rate in units of mass per year ;
CCO2 = CO2 content (weight %) in vent gas.
32
April 2011, Rev 2
7. QUANTIFICATION METHODOLOGY – ENERGY INDIRECT GHG

EMISSIONS
Refineries may need to import energy, especially power from nearby sources like state grid. By
knowing the quantum of the energy imported and knowing the emission factor of that energy
generation facility, CO2 emissions from this indirect source can be quantified . These emissions
need to be accounted and reported separately as indirect emissions, as these are not in direct
control of the refinery.

As per API Compendium 2009, in the case where electricity is imported directly from a third
party power supplier, generation and fuel information may not be available in all cases. Where
the detailed data are unavailable, the default approach is to assume that the electricity was
supplied from the grid. Regional or national grid emission factors which are available can be used
to estimate emissions. Section 7.1.2 of the Compendium refers to the calculation methodology,
wherein the electricity imported is multiplied by the relevant grid emission factor to estimate
emissions. This approach has been used for IOCL Haldia Refinery and the emission factor has
been calculated using CEA data base version -5 and Tool to calculate the emission factor for an
electricity system (United Nation Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) tool). .
CEA database is used as it is an official source of data from Central Electricity Authority,
Government of India. IOCL Haldia refinery is importing electricity from NEWNE grid.
33
April 2011, Rev 2
8. ASSUMPTIONS AND LIMITATIONS IN ESTIMATION OF GHG

EMISSIONS FOR IOCL HALDIA REFINERY
8.1. Assumptions
This section deals with the assumptions and limitations regarding the estimation of emission
inventories.
The uncertainties inherent in the data used for emission inventories may affect the credibility and
the acceptability of estimations of GHG emissions. Uncertainties mostly depend on the quality
and availability of sufficient data to estimate emissions. For IOCL Haldia Refinery, sufficient data
has been recorded and collected to estimate GHG emissions with reasonable accuracy.
For activity data, facilities track annual consumption of fuels and assess the accuracy of metering
devices for individual measurements. Nonetheless, the basic principle is that the uncertainty in
the overall emissions is managed by regulating the uncertainty of the activity information and
applicable emissions factors. Basis and assumption for GHG emission inventory are summarised
in Table 6.
Table 6: Basis and Assumptions for Quantification for GHG Emission Inventory.
S. No Basis and Assumptions
1 The estimates are on annual basis for the period 1st April 2009 to 31st March 2010.
2 The fuel consumption and crude processed has been taken from published Annual
Operation Report (AOR).
3 NEWNE grid emission factor (0.84 tCO2/MWh) has been used for calculating
Energy Indirect GHG emissions through imported power.
4 The carbon content for fuel oil, fuel gas and VDU-II vent gas has been derived from
actual composition as obtained from the IOCL. Haldia Refinery.
5 The carbon content for flare gas and FCC coke has been derived from the actual
composition as obtained from the IOCL Haldia Refinery.
6 Emission calculations has been carried out as per Compendium of Greenhouse Gas
Emissions Estimation Methodologies for the Oil and Natural Gas Industry by
American Petroleum Institute (API), 2009.
7 Mobile combustion emissions have been calculated for contract and the company
owned vehicles as a part of Direct GHG emissions. The diesel and gasoline
consumed in company owned vehicles is taken from purchase receipts.
8 N2O emissions from entire refinery operation has been conservatively considered as
1% of overall direct GHG emissions as per API compendium 2009.
9 Oxidation factor for each fuel is taken as 100% as per API Compendium 2009/ IPCC
default values.
10 Sink has been conservatively excluded from the scope due to lack of detailed
information on type and age of trees.
11 Emissions due to crude flashing have been excluded as Haldia refinery is processing
weathered crude only.
12 Fugitive emissions have been conservatively considered as 0.19% of the total
refinery emission as per API compendium 2009.
13 CO2 emissions due to CO2 usage in fire extinguishers are directly taken from the
quantity of CO2 used in fire extinguishers.
14 Flare efficiency has been considered conservatively as 98% as per API Compendium
34
April 2011, Rev 2
2009.
15 Coke generation has been calculated based on the flue gas composition analysis,
heat and mass balance across the FCCU.
16 Fuel gas composition is assumed to be same throughout the refinery.
9. UNCERTAINTY ASSESSMENT
GHG inventory data are associated with varying degrees of uncertainty, and such actual
uncertainties have both technical and policy implications. As per API Compendium 2009, it is
important that the data set and method be based on four key factors (―The Four C‘s‖). These are
Comparability, Consistency, Certainty, and Confidence.
35
April 2011, Rev 2
As per API Compendium 2009, uncertainties in inventories are the result of three error
categories:
Spurious errors, which may be due to incomplete, unclear, or faulty definitions of emission
sources that result from human error or machine malfunction;
Systematic errors, which may be due to the methods (or models) used to quantify emissions
for the process under consideration; and
Random errors, which may be due to natural variability of the process that produces the
emissions.
Uncertainty in quantification of GHG emissions can be on account of uncertainty in available
activity data and inputs parameters used in calculation of emissions.
A bottom up approach has been used for compiling emission inventory. The emissions from
individual sources are quantified initially. The emission from all the sources has been added to
obtain emission inventory for the entire refinery operations. Following quality control steps have
been adhered in preparation of inventory so as to minimize uncertainty:-
1) The activity data has been checked from the respective sources to avoid transcription
errors.
2) Emission inventory calculations have been checked for integrity of database and
consistency of data between source categories.
3) The annual fuel consumption data is considered and fuel composition data used in
calculations is average for the year. The data is representative data for the time period
with limited inbuilt uncertainty.
4) Emission factors have been used from reliable sources which minimises uncertainty.
5) Instruments used for measurement and Laboratory analysis are calibrated regularly in
order to reduce measurement uncertainty.
6) Carbon content for fuel gas, flare gas, fuel oil and FCC coke has been calculated based on
composition analysis carried out in laboratory of IOCL Haldia refinery. Use of carbon
content specific to IOCL Haldia Refinery minimises uncertainty as compared to using
default carbon content from other sources.
7) Carbon content for Naphtha, Gasoline and HSD is taken from API Compendium 2009 as
these are standardized fuels.
8) The emissions from contracted cranes is calculated considering HSD consumption of 7
litres/hour of operation. In future, actual HSD consumption will be monitored for
contracted cranes.
36
April 2011, Rev 2
10. RESULTS OF GHG EMISSION INVENTORY

The emissions inventory for IOCL Haldia Refinery include Direct GHG emission and Energy
Indirect GHG emissions.
10.1. Direct GHG Emissions Inventory Tools

The tools and guidelines used for developing the emissions inventory for IOCL Haldia Refinery
operations are summarized in the table 7 below:
Table 7: Standards and Tools used in quantification of GHG emission inventory.
S. No Standards / Tools used Link
1. API Compendium of
Greenhouse gas emissions http://www.api.org/ehs/climate/new/upload/2009_GH
methodologies for the oil G_COMPENDIUM.pdf
and natural gas industry -
2009
2. ISO 14064 -1:2006
3. GHG protocol http://www.ghgprotocol.org/calculation-tools/all-tools
4. Central Pollution Control

CPCB Report ' Air Quality Monitoring Project -Indian
Board (CPCB) report on
Clean Air Program http://cpcb.nic.in/DRAFTREPORT-
vehicular emissions
on-efdiv.pdf
factors
5. CEA Data base for

http://www.cea.nic.in/reports/planning/cdm_co2/cdm_
NEWNE grid emission co2.htm
factor
6. Tool to calculate the

http://cdm.unfccc.int/methodologies/PAmethodologies/t
emission factor for an ools/am-tool-07-v2.pdf
electricity system
37
April 2011, Rev 2
10.2. Activity Data for IOCL Haldia Refinery Operations

The Activity data has been taken from various sources is summarized in Table 8.
Table 8: Activity data used in GHG emission inventory of IOCL Haldia Refinery.
S.No. Parameter Value (Tonnes) Source
Activity Data
1 Fuel Oil 244797 Annual Operations Report
2 HSD 172.24 Purchase receipts
3 Coke 41790 Annual Operations Report
4 Naphtha 158205 Annual Operations Report
5 Fuel Gas 89111 Annual Operations Report
6 Flare Gas 6388* Annual Operations Report
S.No. Parameter Value (MWh) Source
1 Electricity imports 12709.24 Annual Operations Report
*-0.5% correction factor
Carbon content of Naphtha and HSD has been taken from API Compendium 2009. HSD is
consumed in Loco, company owned vehicles, forklift, cranes, hydra, other heavy machinery and
contracted cranes. Carbon content of fuel oil, FCC coke, fuel gas and flare gas are determined
based on composition analysis in laboratory. VDU-II vent gas composition has been taken from
laboratory analysis. Vehicular emission factor have been taken from Central Pollution Control
Board report, March 2008 (http://cpcb.nic.in/DRAFTREPORT-on-efdiv.pdf).
10.3. Emissions Inventory and Carbon Intensity at IOCL Haldia Refinery
The table 9 below summarizes the emissions inventory for all units at IOCL Haldia Refinery.
Table 9: Results of GHG Emission inventory for IOCL Haldia Refinery.
GHG Emissions Inventory:

SNo Emission source GHG emissions
(Tonnes CO2e/Yr)
for April 2009- March
2010
A. Direct GHG Emissions
38
April 2011, Rev 2
1 Stationary combustion - at Process Units 531,105

2 Stationary combustion - at Captive Power Plant 754,416
3 Flaring 17,599
4 Process Emissions/ venting 373,690
5 Fugitive Emissions 3,186
6 Mobile combustion - contract vehicles 246
7 Mobile combustion - company owned vehicles 553
8 N2O emissions from overall combustion process 16,769
(equivalent CO2)
9 Fire Extinguisher CO2 Usage 0.025

10 LPG consumption in Canteen 132
Total Direct GHG Emissions (A) 1,697,698
B. Energy Indirect GHG Emissions

Emissions through imported power 10,677
1
Indirect emissions through imports of 10,677
power (B)
C. Sink
0
1 Removals from tree plantation
Total GHG Inventory (A+B)
1,708,375
GHG Intensity for April 2009 to March 2010

SN Item Value
1 GHG Inventory (Million Tonnes CO2e/Yr) 1.708
2 Actual Crude processed (Million Tonnes/Yr) 5.7

GHG Intensity (Tonnes CO2e/Tonne Crude
processed) 0.300
A graphical representation of GHG emission inventory is presented in Figure 2.
39
April 2011, Rev 2
Mobile combustion - N2O emissions from Fire Extinguisher CO2

company owned overall combustion Usage LPG consumption in
vehicles process 0.000001% Canteen
0.03% 1% 0.008%
Mobile combustion -
contract vehicles Emissions through
0.01% imported power
1%
Fugitive Emissions
0.19%
Stationary combustion
- at Process Units
Process Emissions/ 31%
venting
22%
Flaring
1%
Stationary combustion
- at Captive Power
Plant
44%
Figure 2: Summary of GHG emission inventory of IOCL Haldia Refinery.

Major sources of GHG emissions in IOCL Haldia Refinery are Stationary combustion at Thermal
power plant and stationery combustion in process units. These GHG emissions are due to
combustion of Fuel Oil, Fuel Gas and Naphtha. Process and venting emissions also amount for
22% of total emissions at IOCL Haldia Refinery.
40
April 2011, Rev 2
11. GHG INFORMATION MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

IOCL Haldia Refinery has maintained a GHG information management system to ensure that
data are properly recorded for inventory preparation. The IOCL Haldia Refinery is ISO
9001:2008, ISO 14001:2004 and OHSAS 18001:2007 certified refinery.
11.1. Information Management System
11.1.1. Data Monitoring
The fuel and feed quantities are monitored regularly and the composition analysis is being
carried out for Flare gas, Fuel gas, VDU-II Vent gas and Fuel oil. HSD and Naphtha are being
monitored and the carbon content of HSD and Naphtha has been taken from the API
Compendium 2009. In case of any malfunction, instrumentation officer repairs/replaces the
instrument.
11.1.2. GHG Reporting
Each unit/plant of IOCL Haldia Refinery provides the GHG emissions data to Chief Technical
Services Manager. The person responsible for the Greenhouse Gas Emission Inventory report is
Mr. Sidhhartha K Paul, Chief Technical Services Manager. Chief Technical Services Manager
submits the report to Dy General Manager (Technical Services) for review. Dy General Manager
(Technical Services) submits the report to General Manager (Technical Services) who in turns
submits to Executive Director for review.
11.1.3. Data Archiving
Data is archived electronically in the database management system of IOCL Haldia Refinery. The
data is complied to prepare Monthly Operation Report (MOR). Annual Operation Report (AOR)
is prepared by compiling the MOR. The reports are archived in soft and hard form.
11.1.4. Training
Training is provided to concerned officials on data archiving procedures, data monitoring

procedures and compilation of emission inventory. The training is contemporary, which results
in imparting focused knowledge leading to value addition to the attitude and skills of all trainees.
This ultimately leads to creativity in problem solving.
11.2. Document and Data Control
11.2.1. Purpose
Continuity of any System as well as its effectiveness depends upon the preservation of documents
and availability of the same at the time of need.
41
April 2011, Rev 2
11.2.2. Scope
The documents related to daily data compilation, Monthly Operation Report (MOR), Annual
Operation Report (AOR), Greenhouse Gas Emission Inventory report, laboratory analysis,
calibration procedures are under the scope of document and data control.
11.2.3. Document approval and issue
The overall control of master list of several documents and data is exercised by respective
departmental heads. Individual departments namely Operations, Maintenance, Technical
Services, Quality Control, Finance, Oil Accounting etc. maintain respective documents and data..
Approval of documents is done by respective departmental heads.
IOCL Haldia Refinery has developed a system of information sharing on document updation so
that master list gets updated with appropriate revisions. In addition, the traceability requirement
as identified in the procedure manuals is maintained for the periods stated.
11.2.4. Document Changes
All changes in document are approved by concerned authorities. The status of amendment, if
any, in each manual is also provided in respective manuals along with revision numbers etc. Total
review of the manual will be done once in 5 years.
11.3. Roles and responsibilities

The organizational structure for IOCL Haldia Refinery is shown in Figure 3. The Chief Technical
Services Manager will be responsible for coordinating with each unit so as to ensure that
emission inventory is prepared correctly. The inventory calculations will be cross-checked by
Chief Technical Services Manager to ensure that there are no errors or omissions. In case of any
error or omissions, the Chief Technical Services Manager coordinates with the concerned unit to
revise the inventory calculations. Inventory records will be archived in both soft and hard copy.
The person responsible for the Greenhouse Gas Emission Inventory report is Mr.
Sidhhartha K Paul, Chief Technical Services Manager.
The responsibilities of key management members are given below:
1. EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR
Function and Responsibilities

Reports to director (Refineries), Headquarters, New Delhi.
Acts as chief of IOCL Haldia Refinery
Decide the policy and strategies.
Provides necessary infrastructure, resources to meet the quality objective.
Provides support and guidelines for achieving production plan, project
development/formulation and implementation.
Ensures effective implementation of quality system through designated channel
42
April 2011, Rev 2
Ensures development, implementation and maintenance of various facilities so that there is

continuous improvement.
Reviews GHG emission inventory of IOCL Haldia Refinery.
2. GENERAL MANAGER (T) & GENERAL MANAGER (TS)

Overall Incharge of Technical Services, Maintenance, Production, Power & Utilities and
Contracts functions.
Ensures that system requirements are established, implemented and maintained in
accordance with the International standard, policy and Objectives.
Ensures Quality of products at all stages of Production and Delivery.
Responsible for supply plan for products, contract review and customer feedback.
Ensures monitoring of process units, identifying bottleneck areas, investigation of QMS
system related problems and recommendation of remedial measures through either in-house
or external agencies.
Ensures fulfillment of system requirement in production planning & monitoring, process
development conceptualization of projects and schemes.
Reviews GHG emission inventory of IOCL Haldia Refinery.
3. DEPUTY GENERAL MANAGER (TS)

Overall in-charge of technical services comprising Planning & Co-ordination, Process
Monitoring, Energy Conservation, Environmental Protection, Safety Audit, Quality Control,
Engineering Services and Inspection departments.
Ensures monitoring of Process Units, Quality control of products, specifications, identifying
bottleneck areas, investigation of quality and system related problems and recommendation
of remedial measures through either in-house or external agencies.
 Provides support for project development proposal/ formulation including detailed study and
co-ordination with headquarters for approval.
 Ensures technical support for design, engineering, execution of different schemes/ project
and engineering solution and agency for carrying out various contract jobs.
 Responsible for providing technical support for ensuring efficient energy, safety,
environment management, conducting periodic audit on energy & safety.
 Reviews GHG emission inventory of IOCL Haldia Refinery.
4. CHIEF TECHNICAL SERVICE MANAGER – HSE

 Coordinates with all statutory government bodies for compliance of various licenses etc.
 Responsible for providing technical support in respect of environment protection and safety
audit and to obtain data for occupational health.
 Obtains necessary Environmental Clearances for new project proposals and ensure
compliance of conditions stipulated under these clearances
43
April 2011, Rev 2
 Ensures compliance with respect to all safety related issues and initiate proposals / schemes
for enhanced safety of the refinery/personnel.
 Responsible for preparation of Greenhouse Gas Emission Inventory report and collection of
data from respective departments
5. CHIEF QUALITY CONTROL MANAGER (CQCM)

 Responsible for all activities related to inspection/ testing and certification of products (i.e.
crude oil, intermediate products, finished products and incoming materials)
 Responsible for maintaining the Pollution Control Lab for testing of quality of effluent and
other environmental related parameters.
44
April 2011, Rev 2
Figure 3: Organization structure at IOCL Haldia Refinery for GHG emission

reporting.
45
April 2011, Rev 2
12. VERIFICATION
The Greenhouse gas emission inventory report for IOCL Haldia Refinery for the period 1st April
2009 to 31st March 2010 has been subjected to third party verification by Bureau Veritas
Certification India Pvt. Ltd. The verification includes a site visit to IOCL Haldia Refinery from 11th
to 12th April 2011. The report has been subjected to reasonable level of assurance.
IOCL Haldia Refinery has provided all the data and information pertaining to GHG emission
inventory to Bureau Veritas Certification India Pvt Ltd. In line with section 4.11 of ISO 14064-
3:2006, in case any data or information is discovered after the conclusion of verification which
can materially affect the GHG emission inventory, the IOCL Haldia Refinery is committed to
provide the same to Bureau Veritas Certification India Pvt Ltd for further action.
46
April 2011, Rev 2
Appendix –I
47
April 2011, Rev 2
48
April 2011, Rev 2
References
1) Compendium of Greenhouse Gas Emissions Estimation Methodologies for the Oil and Natural
Gas Industry by American Petroleum Institute (API), 2009.
2) ISO 14064-1:2006: Specification with guidance at the organization level for quantification and
reporting of greenhouse gas emissions and removals.
3) The Greenhouse Gas Protocol, A Corporate Accounting and Reporting Standard‖, Revised
edition by the World Business Council for Sustainable Development (WBCSD), World Resources
Institute (WRI) (http://www.ghgprotocol.org/calculation-tools/all-tools).
4) CPCB Report ' Air Quality Monitoring Project -Indian Clean Air Program, March 2008
(http://cpcb.nic.in/DRAFTREPORT-on-efdiv.pdf)
5) Air Quality Monitoring, emission monitoring and source apportionment study for Indian
cities, national Summary Report, Dec 2010. (http://moef.nic.in/downloads/public-
information/Rpt-air-monitoring-17-01-2011.pdf).
6) CEA Data base version 5 (http://www.cea.nic.in/reports/planning/cdm_co2/cdm_co2.htm).
49
April 2011, Rev 2
Disclaimer
PwC has assisted IOCL Haldia Refinery in compiling the report on the basis of data provided by
IOCL Haldia Refinery. PwC has not carried out any audit, assurance, verification, certification,
cross examination of the actual or stated performance. The assignment also did not include:
Evaluation of the process of reporting data from the facilities / plants.
Assessment of information technology applications used to support the reporting process
for data used for GHG emission estimation.
Reconciliation of purchase power volumes to third party data.
PwC acknowledges that IOCL Haldia Refinery will submit this report to third parties or use
otherwise; IOCL releases PwC from any kind of liabilities and hold harmless against any kind of
damages due to use of this document by IOCL Haldia Refinery or third parties.
50

GHG Emission Inventory Report - Haldia Refinery

Загружено:

Сведения о документе

Исходное описание:

Авторское право

Доступные форматы

Поделиться этим документом

Поделиться или встроить документ

Параметры публикации

Этот документ был вам полезен?

Это неприемлемый материал?

Авторское право:

Доступные форматы

GHG Emission Inventory Report - Haldia Refinery

Загружено:

Авторское право:

Доступные форматы

Indian Oil Corporation Limited – Haldia Refinery

Greenhouse Gas Emission

Reporting Period: 1st April 2009 to 31st March 2010

April 2011, Rev 02

2. GHG Accounting Framework and Methodology ...................................................................... 9

2.1. GHG Accounting & Reporting Principles ......................................................................... 9

3.1. Stationary Combustion Emissions ................................................................................. 20

4.1. Methodological Approach............................................................................................... 24

5.1. Methodological Approach............................................................................................... 26

6.1. Methodological Approach............................................................................................... 30

7.1. Methodological Approach............................................................................................... 33

8.1. Assumptions ................................................................................................................... 34

10. Results of GHG Emission Inventory ..................................................................................... 37

10.1. Direct GHG Emissions Inventory Tools ......................................................................... 37

11.1. Information Management System .................................................................................. 41

Figure 1: Block Flow Diagram for IOCL Haldia Refinery.

Table 1: Details of Main Processing Units of IOCL Haldia Refinery.

S .No. Main Process Units Design capacity

Table 2: Details of Thermal Power Plant at IOCL Haldia.

2. GHG ACCOUNTING FRAMEWORK AND METHODOLOGY

2.2. ISO 14064:2006

2.3. GHG Protocol

2.4. Defining the Organizational and Operational Boundaries

2.4.1. Organizational Boundary for IOCL Haldia

Indian Oil Corporation Limited

SL. No Operation Site Description

IOCL Haldia Refinery Crude Distillation unit , Vacuum distillation unit ,

2.4.2. Operational Boundary for IOCL Haldia Refinery

S.No Emission types Description Typical Sources

1. Direct GHG Direct GHG Emissions occur o Emissions from

S.No Emission types Description Typical Sources

Removals or controlled by the company controlled boilers, furnaces,

2. Energy Indirect GHG Energy Indirect GHG o Purchased electricity

3. Other Indirect GHG Other Indirect GHG Emissions due to

Table 5: Operational Boundary for IOCL Haldia Refinery.

S.No GHG Sources considered Activity Data considered for GHG

1. Direct GHG emissions and removals

S.No GHG Sources considered Activity Data considered for GHG

1.4 Process 1. Process emissions from 1. Lab analysis reports with

S.No GHG Sources considered Activity Data considered for GHG

2.4.4. Greenhouse Gases

2.5. Establishing Base Year for Tracking GHG Emissions

2.5.1. Determining Base Year for IOCL Haldia Refinery

2.5.2. Recalculating Base Year Emissions:

2.6. Activity Data Collection and Analysis

2.6.1. Emission sources

3. QUANTIFICATION METHODOLOGY - COMBUSTION EMISSIONS:

3.2. Stationary Combustion in Process Units

3.3. Stationary Combustion in CPP

3.4. Stationary Combustion from LPG Consumption in Canteen

3.5. Methodological Approach

Wt%C Cj = 12 lb C ×X lbmole C/ lbmole C × lbmole Cj ×100%

MW CXY = molecular weight of individual hydrocarbon compound

ECO2 = FC × (1/ molar volume conversion) × MW Mixture ×Wt% C Mixture ×44/12

ECO2 = FC × D ×Wt% C Mixture ×44/12

ECO2 = FC ×Wt% C Mixture ×44/12

4. QUANTIFICATION METHODOLOGY -COMBUSTION EMISSIONS:

4.1. Methodological Approach

ECO2 = (HC × CFHC × FE/(1-FE) × 44/12) + MCO2

5. QUANTIFICATION METHODOLOGY - COMBUSTION EMISSIONS:

5.1. Methodological Approach

Is the volume of fuel

Are the fuel