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Ductwork sizing
AeroDuct program
Characteristics and functions of the program
This calculation program on Excel makes it possible to dimension and carry out the calculation
of the pressure losses on the ductworks and air distribution systems.
AeroDuct can be distributed with calculation in English system (e.g., ounces, pounds, inches,
and feet) and common units in the metric system (e.g., grams, kilograms, meters, and
centimeters). .
It applies in all types of duct and holds account particularly on the operating conditions and
specific Characteristics on the ductworks, such as:
The calculation program is equipped with a customized command bar giving access to the
various procedures, boxes of calculation and macro commands.
The working files are created separately making it possible to reduce the data storage.
The working file can be made up of various computation sheets. You can from the same file, to
insert a new computation sheet or to duplicate the computation sheet in progress for the study of
a similar ductwork and to make the complementary modifications thereafter.
If you forget some elements from the ductwork, you can add lines of calculation anywhere,
without deteriorating the phases of calculations.
You can also choose the unit of pressure of your choice in the study:
• Pa (Pascal)
• Pounds per square foot (lbf/sq ft) = 47.88026 Pa
• Torr / mm Hg (133.3226 Pa)
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For each sheet of the table of calculation, the presentation is done, such as:
In basic display:
The hygienic airflow or smoke extract systems are indicated generally in the standards on a air
mass of reference of 0.0746 lb/ft^3 (1,200 kg/m3) - (equivalent to: 68°F (20°C) - 40%)
The real speed of the airflow in the ductwork is carried out from the corrected airflow.
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A displaying in yellow of the cell concerned indicates speeds of air higher than the quiet values
recommended in the installations at low pressure.
• The assemblies are often badly carried out, blocking partially the passage of the fluid.
• An estimated dusty ductwork can be considered.
• With the ageing of the ductwork, a possible corrosion can increase the pressure losses by
friction.
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- Maxi flow rate < 590 CFM (1000 m³/h) 590 ft/min ( 3 m/s)
- Maxi flow rate < 1200 CFM (2000 m³/h) 785 ft/min ( 4 m/s)
- Maxi flow rate < 2350 CFM (4000 m³/h) 980 ft/min ( 5 m/s)
- Maxi flow rate < 5900 CFM (10000 m³/h) 1180 ft/min ( 6 m/s)
- Maxi flow rate > 5900 CFM (10000 m³/h) 1380 ft/min ( 7 m/s)
Installations "high pressure" (speeds of air > to 2000 ft/min - 10 m/s) - Ejector-convectors,
Variable Air Volume Systems (VAV) or variable Induction units, etc.
• It is recommended to leave in the main ducts at a speed of 3940 to 4300 ft/min (20 to
22m/s).
• The main and secondary ducts are generally calculated on a basis of 0.0034 In.wg (0.85
Pa).
• The boxes are selected on the basis of acceptable noise level when the pressure at the
entry of the boxes is of 3 In.wg (750 Pa).
• The reduction speed can cause a renewal speed.
• The circuit of the cold air ducts is calculated for 100% of the necessary flow.
• On the other hand, for the hot air ducts, one admits 50% to 75% of the cold air flow
according to thermal loads.
• The variation between the temperature of the buildings in summer and the air in the cold
air duct is 50 to 55.5 °F (10 to 13°C).
• In summer, the temperature of the hot air in the duct is maintained at least with +5.4°F (+
3°C) above the average temperature of the air outlet.
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ThermExcel – Jean Yves MESSE – 50 rue d’Erevan (35 le Capricorne) - 92130 ISSY LES MOULINEAUX
The air velocity in the ducts cannot exceed a certain value. It results a minimal section of ducts
below from which it is misadvised going down for following reasons:
• Increase the noise of rustle of the air in the strait ducts and especially on the level of the
deviations.
• Increase the pressure losses and the energy consumed by the ventilator.
Example: a reduction in half of the section doubles the air velocity increases the pressure losses
and the absorptive power by the ventilator by a factor 4.
The program includes 2 procedures placed on customized command bar use to know the value of
the coefficient K.
1° / - Module of imputation on the working sheet of the designation and the value of the K-
factor.
2°/ - Data Visualization Module of the pressure loss coefficients according to the duct shape.
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Oblong ducts
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ThermExcel – Jean Yves MESSE – 50 rue d’Erevan (35 le Capricorne) - 92130 ISSY LES MOULINEAUX
Roughness factors
The index of roughness (k) will be modified directly according to the type of duct employed in
the calculation of the pressure loss with visualization by procedure placed on the customized
command bar.
Equivalent-K calculator
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Ventilator motor
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It is the communicated power to the air during of its passage through the ventilator.
with:
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Mechanical energy necessary to a ventilator is always higher than the energy transmitted to the
fluid consequently to various frictions of the transmission systems.
With:
The only types of ventilators, which are appropriate for the installations for constant pressure or
variable air volume, are the centrifugal blades fans inclined backwards and the propeller fans
(curved steeply sloping characteristics)
The Flow Volume cannot be reduced generally to the 1/3, seldom below 50%.
In the contrary case, it is necessary to use engines with progressive regulation, that is to say
mobile blading.
Transmission output
The transmission of the energy of the engine to the ventilator is done with a certain loss, mainly
in the case of a belt drive, because of the slip of the latter on the pulleys.
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