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Instrumentation
! Transducers kit
! Programmable Logic
Control Applications
! Dual Conveyor plc Workcell
! Elevator
Curriculum Coverage This trainer introduces the theory and practice of automatic control systems
Analogue and allows investigation of open and closed loop analogue, digital, speed
! Operational amplifier and position control.
characteristics The system consists of three main units:
! Motor, tachogenerator and
brake characteristics Mechanical Unit: with input and output potentiometers, motor, tachogenerator,
! Simple control & speed systems absolute and incremental encoder and on-board waveform generators.
! Error channel and feedback Analogue Unit: with four-input error amplifier. Optional additional time con-
polarity
stant. Variable gain and velocity feedback. Single, two term or full PID control.
! Influence of gain
! Velocity feedback Digital Unit: provides access to PC via a USB interface, has A/D and D/A
! System following error converters, linear or PWM motor drive, LED display.
! Speed control systems
! Introduction to 3-term control Feedback Discovery software supports both the Analogue and Digital units and
! Applications of 3-term control allows assignment work to be carried out with on-screen theory, background,
! Single amplifier control circuits practicals and questions.
! Transient velocity feedback
and derivative feedforward The three equipment package options are:
! Transfer functions & frequency 33-001-USB Servo Fundamentals Trainer; comprising the Analogue Control
response principles unit, Digital Control unit and the Mechanical unit.
! Application of frequency res-
ponse methods to the system 33-002-USB Analogue Servo Trainer; which is comprised of the Analogue
Digital Control unit and the Mechanical unit.
! A/D and D/A conversion 33-003-USB Digital Servo Trainer; which is comprised of the Digital Control
! Motor control unit and the Mechanical unit.
! Potentiometer position sensors
! Digital encoders All packages are supplied with dc Power Supply, interface cables, Discovery
! Gray code encoder software and courseware.
! Incremental encoder
! Speed & directional encoding The software supplied with the Digital unit contains PC-based instrumentation,
! Position control using including a chart recorder.
analogue and digital sensors
A Servo Fundamentals Trainer Upgrade Pack 33-021 is also available for
! Speed control using analogue
and digital sensors customers to upgrade their existing 33-001, enabling it to be connected to a
! Position servo using P+D control PC using USB technology and Discovery software.
! Position servo using P+I control
! Position servo using PID control
Linear Servos
Curriculum Coverage Many engineering applications and systems depend on accurate measure-
ments and monitoring. Transducers are fundamental to the measurement
Electro-mechanical Transducers
process, consequently the study of different types of transducers, how
Utilising variation in resistance: they operate and how their output signals may be processed, is essential
! Wheatstone bridge background knowledge for any engineer.
! Amplifiers
The Transducers Kit introduce students to the concepts and understanding
! Liquid depth and resistivity of common transducer devices and standard signal conditioning methods.
! Displacement
They are available in three kits:
! Strain
Transducers Kit TK2942-001 which comprises; the Measurements Package,
Utilising variation in capacitance: Electro-mechanical, Heat and Light Transducers Kits, 01-100 dc Power Supply
! Wheatstone bridge for with all leads, accessories and courseware, TK2942-1 Complete Transducers
capacitance Kit which includes the items in TK2942-001 plus Function Generator, Timer
! Variable area and distance Counter, Oscilloscope and Capacitance and Resistance boxes. There is also
capacitive
an Introduction to Transducers Kit TK2941 available which contains the
! Use with an oscillator and
discriminator in FM systems
TK2941E and TK2941M.
The student manual contains 28 assignments, covering the use of all three
Utilising variation in inductance:
Transducers Kits (TK2941E, 2941H and 2941L) and includes relevant theory
! Electromagnetic inductance and practical information.
! Variable inductance transducer
The Transducers Kit consists of a measurements package (containing a
! Mutual inductance transistor
comprehensive instrumentation module and a test rig) and three self-contained
! Linear variable differential
transducers kits, which are all available separately but must be used with the
transformer
Measurements package:
! Transducer circuits
Electro-Mechanical Transducers Kit TK2941E
Light Transducers Includes six linear displacement transducers to be mounted on the test rig.
! The nature of light n Linear variable resistor n Variable inductor
n Variable area capacitor n Linear variable differential transducer (LVDT)
! Photoconductive cell
n Variable distance capacitor n Strain gauge
! Semiconductor photodiode
! Phototransistor Heat Transducers Kit TK2941H
! Spectral response Includes 4 thermal devices and a heat bar assembly with temperature gradient.
n Thermistor n Platinum resistance
Heat Transducers n Bi-metallic switch n Thermocouple
! Programming timers
Automatic Washing Machine 34-401 Traffic Signal Control 34-402 ! Setting initial conditions
This process allows a sequence of This application allows traffic light
events to be controlled. The develop- control of crossroads using a timed ! Time-based process controls
ment of several different programs sequence. The control program can ! Use of interrupts and
is possible, which can be set-up as be developed to cope with interrupts emergency stop
conditional jumps. from pedestrian crossing requests
or off-peak vehicle detector inputs.
Curriculum Coverage
! Fundamentals of logic
The Dual Conveyor Workcell is a complete system which can be used to ! Basics of PLC programming
develop the parts selection task into a simple assembly process. Plastic and ! Developing ladder logic
metal components are selected by size and are fed onto the chutes for dispens- programmes
ing into a final assembly task where they are combined with a 2nd component.
The finished product can then be sorted by material, assembly or type. ! Programming timers
The system allows complex control scenarios to be developed using ! Programming counters
combinations of timers and counters with master and zone control functions.
! Structure of control systems
An optional Diameter Gauging Unit 34-110 is also available which can be added
to the workcell to allow the diameter of any components on the conveyor to be ! Sequencer programmes
measured. Using a similar system to the height detector, the unit provides three ! Jump instructions and
possible outputs: under size, over-size, or the logical NAND of the two providing subroutines
one input to the PLC for correct sized components.
The position of the parts probe is controlled by two sensors ! Combined counter and timer
detecting top dead-centre of the drive cam. functions
Acceptable tolerances for components can be preset. ! PLC installation practices
The addition of the second gauge unit allows programs of
greater complexity to be developed. The programming of
the detector is an excellent introduction to the use of logical
detectors for in-process inspection and quality control.
NB: The plc in the picture is not supplied with the equipment.
PLC Applications
Matlab
MATLAB
SOFTWARE
Control Applications using MATLAB
MATLAB is a ‘higher-level’ technical computing language that provides an
environment for algorithm development, data analysis, data visualisation, etc.
Together with SIMULINK and additional toolboxes it facilitates control
system design and analysis, which can later be implemented in real-time
applications using Real-time Workshop. With an Advantech PCI card this
creates an impressive digital control system development environment.
Feedback Instruments control applications are designed to be compatible with
such an environment. Using the detailed training manuals the user is guided
through the design process within MATLAB.
The following crucial development steps are described:
" Phenomenological process models
" Dynamics analysis
" Discrete models identification
" Controller design
" Controller tests on the model
" Controller implementation in real-time applications
" Implementation of various control strategies
" Data visualisation
The Phenomenological process models are designed in SIMULINK to provide
initial models for the user to test. Model linearization is then discussed and the
use of simple dynamics analysis - like bode diagrams poles and zeros maps
are introduced.
To obtain accurate models Identification procedures incorporating MATLAB
functions are described. The user has a chance to go step-by-step through
the discrete models identification.
One of the ‘obtained models’ is used for the Controllers design and PID control
is explained. A guide is given for PID controller design, testing, tuning and
implementation on the model. Root locus technique is used to illustrate the
changes that PID controller tuning inflicts on the control system performance. Example of a self-designed control
system
The designed controllers are prepared in SIMULINK to be built and tested
through the Real-time Workshop using the Feedback control applications.
The series of assignments provide a comprehensive course, and the user
has a choice of using the pre-written applications, according to the manual,
or designing their own.
Swing up,
inverted
pendulum,
crane control
time (sec)
Setting-up the parameters to demonstrate control of the Pendulum cart Plot showing comparison between pendulum angle and
corresponding control signal
Advanced MATLAB
Control Applications
Matlab
MATLAB
SOFTWARE
Matlab
MATLAB
SOFTWARE
Curriculum Coverage
! Precision Modular Servo (PMS)
! Testing the dc motor model
! PMS model identification
! Static friction compensation
Model 1 & 2 identification
! PMS set-up control
The Precision Modular Servo Workshop has been designed to give a rapid ! Plant control
and direct path from control system design to hardware implementation. ! PID controller
! PMS velocity control
The resolution and accuracy of the system, and the consistency of its PID control of motor velocity
performance, makes the Precision Modular Servo Workshop ideal for serious Real-time PID control of motor
study of digital linear servo control systems. velocity
! Control signal saturation
As well as allowing study of digital control the Precision Modular Servo Anti wind-up design
Workshop also provides a complete introduction to servos, from fundamental Anti wind-up for PMS
studies of analogue servos through to full, real-time digital control using ! PMS position control
MATLAB, SIMULINK, Real-time Workshop and Real-time Windows Target. ! PID control of motor position
It is fully supported with laboratory assignments which have been designed to ! Real-time PID control of motor
position
give students a full understanding of the control paths within the equipment. ! Position tracking
For those customers who wish to upgrade their existing MS150 system to a ! PMS control under variable
33-008 there is an Upgrade Pack 33-310-PCI comprising a Incremental load conditions
Encoder, D/A, A/D Converter, software, cables and Courseware. ! Simple gain scheduling algorithm
! Gain scheduling
Advanced MATLAB
Control Applications
Matlab
MATLAB
SOFTWARE
Processes Covered
! Level & Flow
! Temperature
Pressure Rig 38-714
! Pressure
! pH
The Temperature Rig 38-600 and Level & Flow Rig 38-100 linked to the Forced Air Cooler 38-610
Power Electronics
The Feedback range of Power Electronics equipment covers thyristor Curriculum Coverage
control circuit principles and applications, through to the control of a
! Single and Three phase
dc motor, using Single and Three phase thyristor circuits. uncontrolled rectification
Ordering Information
*Ancillary
Linear Servos Equipment
Servo Fundamentals Trainer 33- 001- USB B
Analogue Servo Trainer 33-002-USB B
Digital Servo Trainer 33-003-USB B
Analogue & Digital Servo Fundamentals Trainer Upgrade Pack 33 - 021 A B
dc Modular Servo System MS150
ac Modular Servo System MS150A
ac/dc Modular Servo System MS150-2
Complete Modular Servo System MS150-3
Upgrade Pack 33- 310- PCI A
Transducers
Transducers Kit TK2942-001
Complete Transducers Kit TK2942-1
Introduction to Transducers Kit TK2941
Electro-mechanical Transducers Kit TK2941E
Heat Transducers Kit TK2941H
Light Transducers Kit TK2941L
Measurements Package TK2941M E
Programmable Logic Control Applications
Automatic Washing Machine 34-401 B C
Traffic Signal Control 34-402 B C
Dual Conveyor PLC workcell 34-120 B C
Elevator 34-150 B C
Advanced Control (MATLAB Applications)
Digital Pendulum System 33-005-PCI A D
Magnetic Levitation System 33-006-PCI A D
Twin Rotor MIMO System. 33-007-PCI A D
Precision Modular Servo Control Workshop 33-008-PCI A D
Coupled Tanks System 33-041 A# B
# when using MATLAB.