People v Jose (Forcible Abduction with Rape)

Facts:

On June 26, 1967, four principal-accused Jaime Jose, Basilio Pineda Jr., Eduardo Aquino and Rogelio
Cañal conspired together, confederated with and mutually helped one another, then and there, to
willfully, unlawfully and feloniously, with lewd design to forcibly abduct Magdalena “Maggie” dela Riva,
25 years old and single, a movie actress by profession at the time of the incident, where the four
principal accused, by means of force and intimidation using a deadly weapon, have carnal knowledge of
the complainant against her will, and brought her to the Swanky Hotel in Pasay City, and hence
committed the crime of Forcible Abduction with Rape.

Having established the element of conspiracy, the trial court finds the accused guilty beyond reasonable
doubt of the crime of forcible abduction with rape and sentences each of them to the death penalty.

Issue:

Whether or not the trial court made a proper ruling of the case considering the element of conspiracy.

Held:

No, the trial court’s ruling was not proper. The SC ruled that since the element of conspiracy was
present, where the act of one is the act of all, each of the accused is also liable for the crime committed
by each of the other persons who conspired to commit the crime. The SC modified the judgment as
follows: appellants Jaime Jose, Basilio Pineda Jr., and Eduardo Aquino are guilty of the complex crime of
forcible abduction with rape and each and every one of them is likewise convicted of three (3) other
crimes of rape. As a consequence thereof, each of them is likewise convicted with four death penalties
and to indemnify the victim of the sum of P10,000 in each of the four crimes. The case against Rogelio
Cañal was dismissed only in so far as the criminal liability is concerned due to his death in prison prior to
promulgation of judgment.
Facts:

On June 26, 1967, four (4) principal-accused Jaime Jose, Basilio Pineda Jr., alias “Boy”, Eduardo Aquino
Alias “Eddie” and Rogelio Cañal; together with Wong Lay Pueng, Silverio Guanzon and Jessie Guion as
accomplices, conspired together, confederated with and mutually helped one another, then and there,
to willfully, unlawfully and feloniously, with lewd design to forcibly abduct Magdalena “Maggie” de la
Riva, 25 years old and single, a movie actress by profession at the time of the incident, where the four
principal accused, by means of force and intimidation using a deadly weapon, have carnal knowledge of
the complainant against her will, and brought her to the Swanky Hotel in Pasay City, and hence
committed the crime of Forcible Abduction with Rape.

Wherefore, the court finds that the accomplices Pueng, Guanzon and Guion, on the ground that the
prosecution has failed to establish a prima facie case against them, the Motion to Dismiss filed for and in
their behalf is hereby granted, and the case dismissed against them.

Issue:

(a) What kind of rape was committed?

Held:

Undoubtedly, rape is that which is punishable by the penalty reclusion perpetua to death, under
paragraph 3, Article 335, as amended by Republic Act 4111 which took effect on June 20, 1964. Under
the law, rape is committed by having canal knowledge of a woman under any of the following
circumstances: (1) by using force and intimidation; (2) when the woman is deprived of reason and
otherwise unconscious; and (3) when the woman is under twelve years of age, even though neither of
the circumstances mentioned in the two next preceding paragraphs shall be present. The crime of rape
shall be punished by reclusion perpetua. Whenever the rape is committed the use of a deadly weapon
or by two or more persons, the penalty shall be reclusion perpetua to death.

As regards, therefore, the complex crime of forcible abduction with rape, the first of the crimes
committed, and the latter is the more serious; hence, pursuant to the provision of Art 48 of the RPC, the
penalty prescribed shall be imposed in its maximum period. Consequently, the appellants should suffer
the extreme penalty of death. In this regard, there is hardly any necessity to consider the attendance of
aggravating circumstances, for the same would not alter the nature of the penalty to be imposed.

However, said crime as attended with the following aggravating circumstances: (a) nighttime, appellants
having purposely sought such circumstance to facilitate the commission of these crimes; (b) abuse of
superior strength, the crime having been committed by the four appellants in conspiracy with one
another; (c) ignominy, since the appellants in ordering the complaint to exhibit to them her complete
nakedness for ten minutes before raping her, brought about a circumstance which tended to make the
effects of the crime more humiliating; and (d) the use of motor vehicle.

Of the three principal-appellants (Jose, Aquino and Cañal), none of them may claim aggravating
circumstances has been offset by the mitigating circumstance. Appellant Pineda should, however, be
credited with the mitigating circumstance of voluntary plea of guilty, a factor which does not in the least
affect the nature of the proper penalties to be imposed, for the reason that there would still be three
aggravating circumstances remaining.

Insofar as the car used in the commission of the crime is concerned, the order of the court a quo for its
confiscation is hereby set aside; and whoever is in custody thereof is hereby ordered to deliver its
possession to intervenor Filipinas Investment & Finance Corporation in accordance with the judgment of
the First Instance of Manila in Civil Case No. 69993 thereof.

Before the actual promulgation of the decision, the Court received a formal manifestation on the part of
the Solicitor general to the effect that Rogelio Cañal, one of the herein appellants, died in prison on
December 28, 1970. As a result, the case is dismissed as to him alone, and only insofar as his criminal
liability is concerned, with one-fourth (1/4) of the costs declared de officio.

Wherefore, the judgment under review is hereby modified as follows: Jaime G. Jose, Basilio Pineda, Jr.,
and Eduardo P. Aquino are pronounced GUILTY of the complex crime of forcible abduction with rape,
and each and every one of them likewise convicted of three (3) of the crimes of rape. As a consequence
thereof, each of them is hereby sentenced to four (4) death penalties; all of them shall jointly and
severally, indemnify the complainant of the sum of P10,000.00 in each of the four crimes, or a total of
40,000.00; and each shall pay one-fourth of the costs.