LWC 2018

Further Reading:
An overview of technologies needed to realize optical networks is given in:
K.-I. Sato and S. Okamoto, "Photonic transport technologies to create robust
backbone networks," IEEE Commun. Mag., vol. 37, pp. 78-87, Aug. 1999.

The role of different technologies in a European WDM network is presented in:

I. Van de Voorde, C. M. Martin, J. Vandewege, and X. Z. Qiu, "The SuperPON
demonstrator: An exploration of possible evolution paths for optical access
networks," IEEE Commun. Mag., vol. 38, pp. 74-82, Feb. 2000.

D. Cavendish, "Evolution optical transport technologies: From SONET/SDH to

WDM," IEEE Commun. Mag., vol. 38, pp. 164-172, June 2000.

G. D. Khoe, Y. Koike, T. Ishigure, P. K. v. Bennekom, H. P. A. v. d. Boom, W. Li,

and G. Yabre, "Status of GIPOF systems and related technologies," Proc.
European Conf. on Optical Comm. (ECOC) 99, vol. 2, pp. 274-277, Sept. 1999.

J. Zubia and J. Arrue, "Plastic optical fibers: An introduction to their technological

processes and applications," Optical Fiber Technology, vol. 7, no. 2, pp. 101-140,
Apr. 2001.

J. L. Mrotek, M. J. Matthewson, and C. R. Kurkjian, "Diffusion of moisture

through optical fiber coatings," J. Lightwave Tech., vol. 19, pp. 988-993, July
2001.

G. J. Foschini, R. M. Jopson, L. E. Nelson, and H. Kogelnik, "The statistics of

PMD-induced chromatic fiber dispersion," J. Lightwave Tech., vol. 17, pp. 1560-
1565, Sept. 1999.

W. B. Gardner, "Fibers for high-capacity systems," Proc. European Conf. On

Optical Comm. (ECOC) 99, vol. 2, pp. 270-273, Sept. 1999.

G. Yabre, "Comprehensive theory of dispersion in GI optical fibers," J. Lightwave

Tech., vol. 18, pp. 166-177, Feb. 2000.

T. Ishigure, Y. Koike, and J. W. Fleming "Optimum index profile of the

perfluorinated polymer-based GI polymer optical fiber and its dispersion
properties," J. Lightwave Tech., vol. 18, pp. 178-184, Feb. 2000.

G. Yabre, "Theoretical investigation on the dispersion of GI polymer optical

fibers," J. Lightwave Tech., vol. 18, pp. 869-877, June 2000.
M. Karlsson, J. Brentel, and P. A. Andrekson, "Long-term measurements of PMD
and polarization drift in installed fibers," J. Lightwave Tech., vol. 18, pp. 941-951,
July 2000.

T. Ishigure, M. Kano, and Y. Koike, "Which is a more serious factor to the

bandwidth of GI POF: Differential mode attenuation or mode coupling?" J.
Lightwave Tech., vol. 18, pp. 959-965, July 2000.

P. D. Biernacki, M. Y. Frankel, M. E. Gingerich, and P. J. Matthews, "A high-

speed mixed digital-to-analog circuit board for accurate control of wavelength
tunable lasers," J. Lightwave Tech., vol. 17, pp. 1222-1228, July 1999.

T. L. Boyd, D. Klemer, P. A. Leilabady, J. Noriega, and M. Pessot, "A 1550-nm

solid-state laser source for DWDM applications," J. Lightwave Tech., vol. 17, pp.
1904-1908, Oct. 1999.

L.-G. Zei, S. Ebers, J.-R. Kropp, and K. Petermann, "Noise performance of

multimode VCSELs," J. Lightwave Tech., vol. 19, pp. 884-892, June 2001.

K. Tatsuno, K. Yoshida, T. Kato, T. Hirataka, T. Miura, K. Fukuda, T. Ishikawa,

M. Shimaoka, and T. Ishii, "High-performance and low-cost plastic optical
modules for access network system applications,"J. Lightwave Tech., vol. 17, pp.
1211-1216, July 1999.

W. Zheng, O. Hulten, and S. Esmaeli, ""Splice-loss estimation for an automated

ribbon-fiber fusion splicer," J. Lightwave Tech., vol. 17, pp. 1366-1378, Aug.
1999.

K. Shiraishi and S.-I. Kuroo, "A new lensed-fiber configuration employing

cascaded GI-fiber chips," J. Lightwave Tech., vol. 18, pp. 787-794, June 2000.

W.-H. Cheng, M.-T. Sheen, C.-P. Chien, H.-L. Chang, and J.-H. Kuang,
"Reduction of fiber alignment shifts in semiconductor laser module packaging," J.
Lightwave Tech., vol. 18, pp. 842-848, June 2000.

H. Yoda and K. Shiraishi, "A new lensed fiber employing a wedge-shaped graded-
index fiber tip for coupling between high-power laser diodes and single-mode
fibers," J. Lightwave Tech., vol. 19, pp. 1910-1917, Dec. 2001.

K. Kato, "Ultrawide-band/high-frequency photodetectors," IEEE Trans.

Microwave Theory Tech., vol. 47, pp. 1265-1281, July 1999.

P.-L. Liu, K. J. Williams, M. Y. Frankel, and R. D. Esman, "Saturation

characteristics of fast photodetectors," IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Tech., vol.
47, pp. 1297-1303, July 1999.
K. J. Williams and R. D. Esman, "Design considerations for high-current
photodetectors," J. Lightwave Tech., vol. 17, pp. 1443-1454, Aug. 1999.

G. Jacobsen and P. Wildhagen, "A general and rigorous WDM receiver model
targeting 10-40 Gb/s channel bit rates," J. Lightwave Tech., vol. 19, pp. 966-976,
July 2001.

M. Pauer, P. J. Winzer, and W. R. Leeb, "Bit error probability reduction in direct

detection optical receivers using RZ coding," J. Lightwave Tech., vol. 19, pp.
1255-1262, Sept. 2001.

R. Lewén, U. Westergren, R. Schatz, and E. Berglind, "Design of inductive pin

diode matching for optical receivers with increased bit rate operation," J.
Lightwave Tech., vol. 19, pp. 1956-1963, Dec. 2001.

S. Norimatsu and M. Maruoka, "Accurate Q-factor estimation of opticall amplified

systems in the presence of waveform distortion," J. Lightwave Tech., vol. 20, pp.
19-27, Jan. 2002.

E. Forestieri and G. Prati, "Novel optical line codes tolerant to fiber chromatic
dispersion," J. Lightwave Tech., vol. 19, pp. 1675-1684, Nov. 2001.

A. Sano and Y. Miyamoto, "Performance evaluation of pre-chirped RZ and CS-RZ

formats in high-speed transmission systems with dispersion management," J.
Lightwave Tech., vol. 19, pp. 1864-1871, Dec. 2001.

M. R. Phillips and D. M. Ott, "Crosstalk due to optical fiber nonlinearities in

WDM CATV lightwave systems," J. Lightwave Tech., vol. 17, pp. 1782-1792, Oct.
1999.

D. J. M. Sabido and L. G. Kazovsky, "Dynamic range of optically amplified RF

optical links," IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Tech., vol. 49, pp. 19501955, Oct.
2001.

A. Iocco, H. G. Limberger, R. P. Salathe. L. A. Everall, K. E. Chisholm, J. A. R.

Williams, and L. Bennion, "Bragg grating fast tunable filter for WDM," J.
Lightwave Tech., vol. 17, pp. 1217-1221, July 1999.

M. S. Leeson, "Performance analysis of direct detection spectrally sliced receivers

using Fabry-Perot filters," J. Lightwave Tech., vol. 18, pp. 13-25, Jan. 2000.

M. McCall, "On the application of coupled mode theory for modeling fiber Bragg
gratings," J. Lightwave Tech., vol. 18, pp. 236-242, Feb. 2000.

S. Rotolo et al., "Integrated optic tunable add-drop filters for WDM ring
networks," J. Lightwave Tech., vol. 18, pp. 569-578, April 2000.
L. Benvenuti and L. Farina, "The design of fiber-optic filters," J. Lightwave Tech.,
vol. 19, pp. 1366-1375, Sept. 2001.

B. Nyman, M. Farries, and C. Si, "Technology trends in dense WDM

demultiplexers," Optical Fiber Technology, vol. 7, no. 4, pp. 255-274, Oct. 2001.

S. D. Dods and R. S. Tucker, "A comparison of the homodyne crosstalk

characteristics of optical add-drop multiplexers," J. Lightwave Tech., vol. 19, pp.
1829-1838, Dec. 2001.

S. Bischoff, A. Buxens, H. N. Poulsen, A. T. Clausen, and J. Mork, "Bidirectional

FWM in semiconductor optical amplifiers: Theory and experiment," J. Lightwave
Tech., vol. 17, pp. 1617-1625, Sept. 1999.

H. S. Seo, K. Oh, and U. C. Paek, "Simultaneous amplification and channel

equalization using Raman amplifier for 30 channels in 1.3-mm band," J. Lightwave
Tech., vol. 19, pp. 391-397, March 2001.

F. A. Flood, "Comparison of temperature dependence in C-band and L-band

EDFAs," J. Lightwave Tech., vol. 19, pp. 527-535, April 2001.

C. R. S. Fludger and R. J. Mears, "Electrical measurements of multipath

interference in distributed Raman amplifiers," J. Lightwave Tech., vol. 19, pp. 536-
545, April 2001.

V. E. Perlin and H. G. Winful, "Optimal design of flat-gain wide-band fiber Raman

amplifiers," J. Lightwave Tech., vol. 20, pp. 250-254, Feb. 2002.

The Jan.-Mar. 1999 issue of the Bell Labs Technical Journal (vol. 4, no. 1) is
entirely devoted to optical networking. This issue is available on the
Web: http://www.lucent.com/ideas/perspectives/bltj/.

The Dec. 2000 issue of J. Lightwave Tech. is entirely devoted to optical

networking.

Five papers in the March 2001 issue and 4 papers in the March 2002 issue of
the IEEE Communications Magazine are devoted to optical switching.

L. Berthelon, "Management of WDM networks," Proc. European Conf. on Optical

Comm. (ECOC) 99, vol. 2, pp. 94-97, Sept. 1999.

C. Mas and P. Thiran, "A review on fault location methods and their application to
optical networks," Optical Networks Magazine, vol. 2, no. 4, pp. 73-87,
July/August 2001.
A. Sahara, T. Inui, T. Komukai, H. Kubota, and M. Nakazawa, "40-Gb/s RZ
transmission over a transoceanic distance in a dispersion managed standard fiber
using a modified inline synchronous modulation method," J. Lightwave Tech., vol.
18, pp. 1364-1373, Oct. 2000.

Q. Yang, K. Bergman, G. D. Hughes, and F. G. Johnson, "WDM packet routing for

high-capacity data networks," J. Lightwave Tech., vol. 19, pp. 1420-1426, Oct.
2001.

H. Sunnerud, J. Li, C. Xie, and P. A. Andrekson, "Experimental quantification of

soliton robustness to PMD in conventional and dispersion-managed systems," J.
Lightwave Tech., vol. 19, pp. 1453-1461, Oct. 2001.

M. Murakami, T. Matsuda, H. Maeda, Y. Tada, and T. Imai, "WDM upgrading of

an installed submarine optical amplifier system," J. Lightwave Tech., vol. 19, pp.
1665-1674, Nov. 2001.

K. Kamakura and I. Sasase, "A new modulation scheme using asymmetric error-
correcting codes embedded in optical orthogonal codes for optical CDMA," J.
Lightwave Tech., vol. 19, pp. 1839-1850, Dec. 2001.

G. Kramer and G. Pesavento, "Ethernet passive optical network (EPON): Building

a next-generation optical access network," IEEE Commun. Mag., vol. 40, pp. 66-
73, Feb. 2002.

B. Huttner, B. Gisin, and N. Gisin, "Distributed PMD measurement with a

polarization-OTDR in optical fibers," J. Lightwave Tech., vol. 17, pp. 1843-1848,
Oct. 1999.

E. Park, "Error monitoring for optical metropolitan network systems," IEEE

Commun. Mag., vol. 40, pp. 104-109, Feb. 2002.

C. Stauter and W. Clements, "Automated testing speeds Raman amplifiers into the
field," WDM Solutions, vol. 4, pp. 39-44, Apr. 2002 (www.wdm-solutions.com).

New Technology and Developments

A. D. Fitt, K. Furusawa, T. M. Monro, and C. P. Please, "Modeling the fabrication

of hollow fibers," J. Lightwave Tech., vol. 19, pp. 1924-1931, Dec. 2001.

L. Grüner-Nielsen. S. N. Knudsen, B. Edvold, T. Veng, D. Magnussen, C. C.

Larsen, and H. Damsgaard, "Dispersion compensating fibers," Optical Fiber
Technology, vol. 6, no. 2, pp. 164-180, Apr. 2000.
J. L. Auguste et al., "Conception, realization, and characterization of a very high
negative chromatic dispersion fiber," Optical Fiber Technology, vol. 8, no. 1, pp.
89-105, Jan. 2002.

E. L. Wooten et al., "A review of lithium niobate modulators for fiber-optic

communication systyems," IEEE Selected Topics in Quantum Electronics, vol. 6,
pp. 69-82, Jan./Feb. 2000.

H. Shakouri, "Wavelength lockers make fixed and tunable lasers precise," WDM
Solutions, vol. 4, pp. 23-24, 28-32, Jan. 2002 (www.wdm-solutions.com).

H. Yoda and K. Shiraishi, "A new lensed fiber employing a wedge-shaped graded-
index fiber tip for coupling between high-power laser diodes and single-mode
fibers," J. Lightwave Tech., vol. 19, pp. 1910-1917, Dec. 2001.

J. L. Rebola and A. V. T. Cartaxo, "Power penalty assessment in optically

preamplified receivers with arbitrary optical filtering and signal-dependent noise
dominance," J. Lightwave Tech., vol. 20, pp. 401-408, March 2002.

A. K. Sano and Y. Miyamoto, "Performance evaluation of prechirped RZ and CS-

RZ formats in high-speed transmission systems with dispersion management," J.
Lightwave Tech., vol. 19, pp. 1864-1871, Dec. 2001.

T. R. Clark, M. Currie, and P. J. Matthews, "Digitally linearized wide-band

photonic link," J. Lightwave Tech., vol. 19, pp. 172-179, Feb. 2001.

R. A. Minasian, "Photonic signal processing of high-speed signals using fiber

gratings," Optical Fiber Technology, vol. 6, no. 2, pp. 91-108, Apr. 2000.

L. Benvenuti and L. Farina, "The design of fiber-optic filters," J. Lightwave Tech.,

vol. 19, pp. 1366-1375, Sept. 2001.

C. F. Lam, N. J. Frigo, and M. D. Feuer, "A taxonomical consideration of optical

add/drop multiplexers," Photonic Network Communications, vol. 3, no. 4, pp. 327-
334, Oct. 2001.

J. Hecht, "Course WDM," Laser Focus World, vol. 38, pp. 153-159, Jan. 2002
(www.laserfocusworld.com).

H. S. Seo, K. Oh, and U. C. Paek, "Simultaneous amplification and channel

equalization using Raman amplifier for 30 channels in 1.3-mm band," J. Lightwave
Tech., vol. 19, pp. 391-397, March 2001.

V. E. Perlin and H. G. Winful, "Optimal design of flat-gain wide-band fiber Raman

amplifiers," J. Lightwave Tech., vol. 20, pp. 250-254, Feb. 2002.
Five papers in the March 2001 issue and 4 papers in the March 2002 issue of
the IEEE Communications Magazine are devoted to optical switching.

A. Neukermans and R. Ramaswami, "MEMS technology for optical networking

application," IEEE Communications Magazine, vol. 39, pp. 62-69, Jan. 2001.

R. Doverspike and J. Yates, "Challenges for MPLS in optical network

restoration," IEEE Communications Magazine, vol. 39, pp. 89-96, Feb. 2001.

T. Hoshida, T. Terahara, and H. Onaka, "Specification method for loss distribution

profiles in transmission paths for WDM transmission systems employing
distributed Raman amplification," Optical Networks Magazine, vol. 2, no. 5, pp.
86-91, Sept./Oct. 2001.

T.-W. Yeow, K. L. E. Law, and A. Goldenberg, "MEMS optical switches," IEEE

Communications Magazine, vol. 39, pp. 158-163, Nov. 2001.

Y. G. Wen, Y. Zhang, and L. K. Chen, "On architecture and limitation on optical

multiprotocol label switching (MPLS) networks using optical-orthogonal-code
(OOC) wavelength label," Optical Fiber Technology, vol. 8, no. 1, pp. 43-70, Jan.
2002.

G. Kramer and G. Pesavento, "Ethernet passive optical network (EPON): Building

a next-generation optical access network," IEEE Communications Magazine, vol.
40, pp. 66-73, Feb. 2002.

Update on numbering of ITU-T Recommendations listed in Sec. 13.1:

 Recommendation G.ons is now designated Recommendation G.709

 Recommendation G.onc is now designated Recommendation G.665
 Recommendation G.onm is now designated Recommendation G.874

Some Interesting Papers & Implementations.

A. Iocco, H. G. Limberger, R. P. Salathe. L. A. Everall, K. E. Chisholm, J. A. R.

Williams, and L. Bennion, "Bragg grating fast tunable filter for WDM," J.
Lightwave Tech., vol. 17, pp. 1217-1221, July 1999.

C. Stauter and W. Clements, "Automated testing speeds Raman amplifiers into the
field," WDM Solutions, vol. 4, pp. 39-44, Apr. 2002 (www.wdm-solutions.com).

H. G. Weber, D. Breuer, U. Feiste, I. Koltchanov, R. Ludwig, and C. A. Weinert,

"High-speed transmission over standard fiber," Proc. European Conf. on Optical
Comm. (ECOC) 99, vol. 1, pp. 196-199, Sept. 1999.
G. Veith, "European 40-Gb/s field tests," Proc. European Conf. on Optical Comm.
(ECOC) 99, vol. 2, pp. 82-83, Sept. 1999.

G. Bendelli et al., "PEGASO OTN testbed," Proc. European Conf. on Optical

Comm. (ECOC) 99, vol. 2, pp. 114-117, Sept. 1999.

R. Pease, "Breakthrough technologies to make MONET a fully optical

network," Lightwave, vol. 16, Sept. 1999.

D. Stoll, P. Leisching, H. Bock, and A. Richter, "Metropolitan DWDM: A

dynamically configurable ring for the KomNet Field Trial in Berlin," IEEE
Commun. Magazine, vol. 39, pp. 106-113, Feb. 2001.

H. Ueda, K. Okada, B. Ford, G. Mahony, S. Hornung, D. Faulkner, J. Abiven, S.

Durel, R. Ballart, and J. Erickson, "Deployment status and common technical
specifications for a B-PON systems," IEEE Commun. Magazine, vol. 39, pp. 134-
141, Dec. 2001.

C. Hamilton, R. Ward, and M. Wendel, "Deployment of intelligent optical switches

in North America," Technical Digest Optical Commun. Conf. (OFC), paper ThP1,
pp. 496-498, March 2002.

Y. Zhu, C. R. S. Fludger, W. S. Lee, P. Lobb, T. Schilhabel, and A. Hadjifotiou,

":Experimental comparison of all-Raman vs. Raman/EDFA amplification with 40
Gb/s-based ETDM/DWDM transmission over 400 km TW-RS fibre, Technical
Digest Optical Commun. Conf. (OFC), paper ThX1, pp. 552-554, March 2002.

H. Ooi, K. Nakamura, Y. Akiyama, T. Takahara, J. Kumasako, J. C. Rassmussen,

T. Terahara, Y. Kawahata, H. Isono, G. Ishikawa, N. Yamaguchi, "3.5-Tb/s (43-
Gb/s X 88 Ch) transmission over 600-km NZDSF with VIPA variable dispersion
compensators," Technical Digest Optical Commun. Conf. (OFC), paper ThX3, pp.
555-556, March 2002.

Web Links

Consulting in photonic communications

PhotonicsComm Solutions, Inc. provides technical consultation, business planning, and

education related to photonic communications. http://www.photonicscomm.com

General information, photonics resources, and industry news

· http://fibers.org
· http://optics.org
· http://www.efiber.net
· http://www.lightreading.com
· http://icd.pennnet.com
· http://lw.pennnet.com
· http://wdm.pennnet.com

Virtual Photonics, Inc (now called VPIsystems, Inc.) is the designer of the simulation
software tools PTDS (full version) and PTDS lite (included in the
book): http://www.vpisystems.com

Other simulation-software providers include:

· Artis Software Corp. http://www.artis-software.com
· MIL3 http://www.opnet.com
· Optiwave Corp. http://www.optiwave.com
· Rsoft http://www.rsoftinc.com
· ZKOM http://www.zkom.de

The URL for the educational equipment supplier OptoSci Ltd. listed in Ref. 82
is http://www.optosci.com

All varieties of optical fibers

· Alcatel http://www.alcatel.com
· Corning http://www.corning.com/opticalfiber/
· IntelCore http://www.intelcore.com
· Lucent http://www.lucent.com/ofs/

All varieties of optical fiber cables

· Berk-Tek http://www.berktek.com
· Corning Cable Systems http://www.corningcablesystems.com
· Drake Molex http://www.drakamolex.com
· Fujikura http://www.fujikura.com/prod/products.html
· Lucent http://www.lucent.com/ofs/
· Mohawk/CDT http://www.mohawk-cdt.com
· Optical Cable Corp. http://www.occfiber.com

Plastic optical fibers

· Boston Optical Fiber http://www.bostonoptical.com
· Mitsubishi http://www.pofeska.com

Lasers, laser drivers, external modulators

· Agere http://www.agere.com/opto/
· Alcatel http://www.alcatel.com
· Boston Laser http://www.bostonlaserinc.com
· Coherent http://www.coherentinc.com
· Corning Lasertron http://www.lasertroninc.com
· JDS Uniphase http://www.JDSU.com
· Nortel Networks http://www.nortelnetworks.com/optoelectronics/
· Optima Precision http://www.optima-prec.com
· Photonic Systems http://www.photonicsinc.com
· Southampton Photonics http://www.southamptonphotonics.com
· Tunable Photonics http://www.tunablephotonics.com
Thermo-electric coolers
· Kryotherm http://www.kryothermusa.com
· Marlow http://www.marlow.com
· Melcor http://www.melcor.com

Optical connectors, couplers, splices

· AMP http://www.amp.com
· Fujikura http://www.fujikura.com
· Furukawa http://www.furukawa.co.jp/connector/
· Gould http://www.gouldfo.com
· Luminent http://www.luminentinc.com
· RADIALL http://www.radiall.com

Photodetectors
· Alcatel http://www.alcatel.com
· Fermionics http://www.fermionics.com
· Hamamatsu http://usa.hamamatsu.com
· New Focus http://www.newfocus.com
· Nortel Networks http://www.nortelnetworks.com

Optical receivers.
· New Focus http://www.newfocus.com
· Nortel Networks http://www.nortelnetworks.com
· Ortel Corp. http://www.ortel.com

Optical power monitors

· Axsun Technologies http://www.axsun.com
· Bookham Technologies http://www.bookham.com
· EigenLight Corp., Inc. http://www.eigenlight.com
· JDS Uniphase http://www.JDSU.com

Analog fiber systems

· Force http://www.forceinc.com
· OPTICOMM http://www.opticomm.com

WDM components
· Alcatel http://www.alcatel.com
· Bookham Technologies http://www.bookham.com
· Bragg Photonics http://www.braggphotonics.com
· Chorum Technologies http://www.chorumtech.com
· JDS Uniphase http://www.JDSU.com
· Nortel Networks http://www.nortelnetworks.com
· Santec USA Corp. http://www.santec.com
· Southampton Photonics http://www.southamptonphotonics.com

Erbium-doped fiber amplifiesr (EDFAs)

· Alcatel http://www.alcatel.com
· JDS Uniphase http://www.JDSU.com
· Nortel Networks http://www.nortelnetworks.com
· Southampton Photonics http://www.southamptonphotonics.com
Transport and network-access equipment
· Alcatel http://www.alcatel.com
· Fujitsu Network Comm http://www.fnc.fujitsu.com
· Lucent http://www.lucent.com
· Nortel Networks http://www.nortelnetworks.com
· Pirelli http://www.pirelli.com
· Tellabs http://www.tellabs.com

Test equipment suppliers

· Agilent Technologies http://www.agilent.com
· Ando http://www.ando.com
· Anritsu Wiltron http://www.anritsuwiltron.com
· EXFO http://www.exfo.com
· Fotec http://www.fotec.com
· Hewlett-Packard (see Agilent Technologies)
· ILX Lightwave http://www.ilxlightwave.com
· NetTest http://www.nettest.com
· OZ Optics http://www.ozoptics.com
· RIFOCS Corp. http://www.rifocs.com
· SyntheSys Research http://www.synthesysresearch.com
· Tektronix http://www.tek.com

Other weblinks:

http://www.freespaceoptic.com

http://lasers.jpl.nasa.gov/index.html

http://www.commspecial.com/fiberguide.htm

http://www.lascomm.com/tutorial.htm

Reference sites directory on Optical Networks and IP over DWDM

BTS Fiber Optic Training Provider

http://www2.rad.com/networks/1999/wdm/wdm.htm

http://btstraining.com/fiber_optics_training.html

http://www.corning.com/opticalfiber/discovery_center/tutorials/fiber_101/

http://www.cse.ohio-state.edu/~jain/refs/opt_refs.htm

http://www.its.bldrdoc.gov/fs-1037/37search.htm

http://www.lumileds.com/

http://www.fiber-optics.info/
Hard Copy Reference Material

Govind P. Agrawal, Fiber Optics Communication Systems John Wiley & Sons (Asia ) Pvt. Ltd.

Senior J. Optical Fiber Communications, Principles & Practice, PHI.

S. O. Kasap, 'Optoelectronics and Photonics: principles and practices' Prentice Hall (2001)

William B. Jones, 'Introduction to Optical Fiber Communication Systems' Oxford University Press,
New York,

IEEE and OSA, `Journal of Lightwave Technology'

IEEE LEOS, `Photonic Technology Letters'