CHAPTER III

RESEARCH METHODS

A. Research Design

This research is design for experimental research. The researcher used pre-

test, treatment and post-test instrument. All documents needed on the process are

used as a support to get a better achievement result.

B. Population and Sample

1. Population

Population of this research will be the eight grader students at SMP PGRI

Berau 2016-2017. There is only one class available for the eight grader, and the

class has 40 students.

2. Sample

Sample of this research will be all students of class VIII, which will be taken

by using population sampling technique. Population sampling technique is the

technique to taking sample where all member of population choosen as sample.

C. Instruments of the Research

Instruments which will be used to collect data is formative test. The test

consist of pre-test and post-test. The pre-test will be done before applying the

treatment. The post-test will be done after the treatment has been done.

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D. Procedure of Collecting Data

1. Pre-Test

The researcher gave a multiple choice test as the pre-test. The test taken as

the first score before treatment by implementing discovery learning model. The

researcher wants to know the result of the students’ score and how far the students’

writing achievement especially on narrative text.

2. Post-Test

The researcher gave a post-test to the students after the treatment given by

teaching narrative text with implementing discovery learning model. The

researcher wants to know the result of the students’score after teaching narrative

text by implementing discovery learning model. The researcher used the multiple

choice test for post-test.

E. Data Analysis

In analyzing data the researcher uses descriptive quantitative method. As

using this technique, the researcher collect data, arranges data and presents data.

Then the result will be displayed in table and picture. Afterwards to analyze the

correlations between pre-test and post-test result, the researcher uses Paired Sample

T-Test in SPSS ver.20 statistical programs. Paired Sample T-Test have been

interpreted as a sample with the same subject which undergoes two different

treatment or measurement. If result of calculation indicate t-count value more high

than t-table value, it’s mean significant. Therefore, the hypothesis of the research

will be accepted.