George Marsh

Additional features in Film

Subtitles in Different languages.

In most movies, there is the ability to turn on subtitles.

This ability allows any user whatever their nationality to
watch and enjoy the movie by reading the subtitles as
the film plays. The many languages that movies often
cover are: German, French, Belgium, Polish, Czech,
Spanish and Chinese. But, these ad on sot the movie
come with a cost. And that is a big cost, when a
company is working on subtitling a movie, each person
helping this process gets around $1 – $5 a minute. Especially on long films such as: Kill Bill or The
hateful eight, this operation can take multiple days causing the cost to rise drastically hour by hour.
One of the most widely used examples of subtitles being used are not in English. This is because,
English is the most commonly used language in the film industry so most of the viewers will speak
English. This availability that subtitles open is massive as it causes the once only English company to
become multi-national making its corporation ten times bigger if not more. This is better in all cases
as the company will make more money and the viewer will get entertainment in their language.
Some film franchises choose to add another V.O. (voice over) as it would make the film look sloppy
and poorly made. Voice overs often cause the mouth movements of the movie to un-link with the
audio so the user will get a bad display of noise and will look trashy. However, having the ability to
distribute the film to a wider audience and all around the world
opens a whole new type of genre to use from the company.
There are however some films that do not have area codes so
their films are unpredictable and cannot be one certain
nationality or genre. The language menu for most films has all
languages in their own language so that not only do subtitles
change, all the content on that file will change to fit the
language chosen. This adds more technology to the product so the user will have a larger file to
download or run in their machine but it will work out as it helps a lot for users with an alternate
nationality.

Text – Based Materials

In DVD’s, there are a few text based parts that are displayed before the movie is played and content
is shown as a disclaimer or warning to people who may disagree with the film or how it was made.
This could also be a copyright warning making sure users steer away from trying to film or record the
film as that is illegal. The text isn’t often noticed when the film is about to p[lay as the users are not
looking out for it but the company has to show the information by law so that the user and viewer
can understand all of the laws before they do what they do such as videoing the film. The text
basically allows the user who recorded the film to be prosecuted by the film company as they were
warned at the start of the film by the text. The disclaimer section however, has a completely
different purpose and is there to warn viewers of how the film was made and if it includes action
then the user will be informed about how professionals were used to perform the stunts and it
wouldn’t be safe to recreate them in any circumstance. Some DVD’s has separate assets such as the
video, image and text. On almost all films, there are disclaimers showing the legalities of rental laws
George Marsh

on the film. The information must be understandable and clear otherwise someone may not get why
what they’ve done it bad. Also, if a user has a disability of some sort disabling them from
understanding the text on screen then they are only partly blamed as the company did not make
sure that everyone can understand their rules.

Easter Eggs

An Easter egg is a hidden message or solvable puzzle

that has been purposely injected into the game by
developers which could be differently interpreted by
users to make the user think of different stories or
anecdotes to go along with the already formed story.
In this example, in the film “Big Hero 6” an image of a
character from another different Disney films called
“Frozen” is shown on the wall. Small things like this are classed as Easter eggs and fans take a huge
interest in them. This can be in games and movies but is most commonly used in games. In DVD’s,
they are sometimes but in the background of some shots making it hard to see and making it more
of an achievement when one it found. However, an Easter egg cannot be confused with a continuity
error. An Easter egg is supposed to be in a game and a continuity is not as it is something to do with
tiny elements in a film making a small error for E.G. a woman may put a glass of wine of a desk and
in the next shot, the glass will not be there. However, an Easter egg is implanted by developers for
E.G. there can be a graphic of a well-known character on the wall spray-painted on. That is an Easter
egg.

Animation

In DVD’s there are animations present everywhere. Especially in modern films, they are becoming
more involved with animation each year. The most common film corporation that uses animation is
marvel studios. With all the superheroes doing amazing stunts and flying high in there, the company
need to use animation as without it, it would either look poor or be too expensive. Animation in
general have a large spread on what they can do as the style very much determines the outcome of
the product. If a company produces a product with a cartoon then the outcome will be people
viewing it as a children-based product and a reputation can last for a very long time. However, if a
company were to spend a lot of money on animation to make the outcome of the video very
professional and will give the company who made it a very special type of recognition and the
reputation from that will ensure that users can expect more content like that from them. This
method of high quality animation, also known as CGI, is
becoming more and more popular by the year.
Companies such as: Disney, Warner Brothers, 21st
century fox and much more. From Harry Potter to Toy
Story, all of these companies have developed more
advanced technology making CGI animation a much
more popular basis to make entertainment on.

DTS (Digital Theatre Systems)

The Digital Theatre System was originally started to hold the quality of sound and all audio in films
and movies. The biggest and most well-known asset to the company was Steven Spielberg who
desired a much higher quality sound for the films he made. DTS works by having an LED san reader
George Marsh

in the disc which will match and sync the correct audio to all the accurate visuals. This is called
Sound synchronising. DTS is a supplier to customers in need of high definition audio, the higher-class
bunch who prefer a better sounding system. DTS is a mandatory system in all modern discs such as
Blu-Ray and other ones. The main devices that would use this format would be consoles, DVD
players and audio players for stereo’s or car systems.

Dolby Digital

Dolby Digital is the technology to compress audio allowing better quality of sound to be stored
under less data freeing up more space for different factors of the movie. The method of compression
used is “lossy” which means some of the data is lost when they are compressed meaning space is
freed up. The first film involving Dolby audio was batman returns which was released in 1992
bumping up move quality for all companies by a lot. The DTS have a sharper more advanced sound
wheras Dolby is easier to access and is more of a standard sound.

Printable discs

DVD’s have a wide capability and their ability is yet to be improved. One ability is for them to be
printed with an “Ink – jet permeable coating” on the top surface. This ability allows the customer
who now has the disc to draw or write on the disc labelling it as they please. Especially when a disc is
re – written, users will often write on them with marker pen so he designs
that this disc has, will cause the disc to still work while pen is on the disc.
This can be used in all formats such as DVD’s and games as they will all
need to be re-written at some point for modification or to be overwritten.
It is also very in – expensive to write on discs with marker pen rather than
printing an image on it as the pen would only cost lower than £1 and to
print a name or image on a disc would cost a lot if only being done to one
disc.

Regional Codes

DVD regional codes are a management

technology that has been designed allowing
the distributers of films to control their release.
This “control” of the release includes things
such as: price, content and the actual date that
it will be released. These factors can all be
controlled individually after release. This
controlling system is all operated by a system
called “region locking” this is stored on the
DVD just like how the DVD menu is stored
which only accepts data from the same region
making it harder to alter and change. There are several associations that make it a requirement to
have these region locks for protection of the data but some DVD players are now becoming out-
dated and cannot understand the new technology. It is also a possibility to take out the region lock
system on the DVD players making the film skip all the advertisements and other sections at the
start of the film.
George Marsh

There are several different types of regional coding systems, one being a multi-regional locking
system. This type of operation is a combination of codes involving other methods such as: every
code that covers all regions and a “no code lock” which is region free and allows adaption at a later
date. When it comes down to all the selections that are possible, there are, in total, six different
types of regional locking systems and then two different types of informal variations found out by
the public.

These codes are judged from 0 to 8 and they all include all the regional code needed. 0 is a “region
free setting” which means that it’s capability to be played in any region is much higher than all of the
others without using any type of region without any interface of locking or any specific locking
operation. The second code is for Europe and middle Asia parts of the world. The third regional code
is for South east Asia such as China and Korea. The fourth region of code is dedicated to south and
central America. The fifth code is for India and countries around it. Number six is for China and It is
so big that they have their own region for a single country. The seventh region of coded is for future
use, this involves things such as media copies that are pre-released in Asia. And the eighth region of
code is for international areas such as aircraft or shipping use which is becoming more and more
popular each year.

Copyright

There are certain operations that DVD/CD’s can perform to protect its copyright, this involves things
such as DRM (Digital Rights Management.) The DRM operation is a series of technology that is used
to try to grasp and control the use of digital content after its release date. Other sections of DVD can
also be involved with this referring to the previously talked about, “Regional codes” so that the
people who made the film can see the digital content after it has been
sold as that information is useful. This operation is controversial as some
people agree that this system does help to protect the DVD and other
argue that this system makes the user of the CD disabled to do many
things such as the legal action of backing up and sharing the DVD with
friends.

Most formats of DVD’s can be easily copied by extracting the data and burning the information onto
a new DVD and selling it on or sharing with a friend, or, just to use as a backup. This method of
digital sharing has reportedly lost the U.S. around £2.4 billion due to the copying and distributing.
But, then in 1996 the U.S. decided that this method was not being dealt with and paired up with
Geneva, Switzerland to establish a new treaty called “WIPO” which updated the copyright laws to
cover all the advances laws with copyright than previously.

Parental controls

In the modern day, there are precautions taken out by companies informing the viewer that what
they are about to watch is a certain age rating and they often offer a box that the user must tick to
access the film/video allowing the company with the video not liable for any complaint or eligible for
any stress caused due to the film. When on a DVD though, all that is needed to be done is for the
disc to be inserted and for the user to press play. This is due to the user needing to go to the store
and buy the DVD. If a user is not eligible to buy the DVD due to the age limit then
they are not allowed to watch it plain and simple. The DVD navigator does
however, enforce a disclaimer at the start informing the user and clearing up any
decenting opinion that anyone could use on the company that produced the film.