Chemical Bonding NJ Classnote-508a701779cd6

Iit-jee Chemistry by n.j.
sir
INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
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.S CHEMICAL BONDING
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CONTENTS
EXERCISE-1 : 2–8
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EXERCISE-2 : 9 – 12
ANSWER KEY : 22-23
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EXERCISE # 1
 Single Correct Type Questions :
Q.1 Which of the following diagram / statement is correct for the hybrid orbitals.
(A) s + py 
 z' Z Z
(B) s + py + pz 
 sp orbitals lie in the xy plane
2
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(C) ns + np + nd 
 results octahedral geometry of sp d hybrid orbitals
3 2 3 2
(D) None of these

Q.2 In a molecule of phosphorus (V) oxide, there are
(A) 4P–P, 10P–O and 4P=O bonds (B) 12P–O and 4P=O bonds
Q.3
Q.4
.S (C) 2P–O and 4P=P bonds
(A) +6, +5, 0 (B) +6, +6, +6

Among the following, the correct statements is
(D) 6P–P, 12P–O and 4P=P bonds
Oxidation state of 'S' in peroxodisulphuric acid and sodium tetrathionate
(C) +6, +4, +2 (D) +6, +2, +0
(A) Between NH3 and PH3, NH3 is a better electron donor because the lone pair of electrons occupies spherical
's' orbital and is less directional
(B) Between NH3 and PH3, NH3 is a better electron donor because the lone pair of electrons occupies spherical
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's' orbital and is more directional
(C) Between NH3 and PH3, NH3 is a better electron donor because the lone pair of electrons occupies spherical
3
sp orbital and is more directional
(D) Between NH3 and PH3, NH3 is a better electron donor because the lone pair of electrons occupies spherical
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spherical 's' orbital and is less directional

Q.5 Arrange the following in order of decreasing N–O bond length : NO2 ,NO2 ,NO3
(A) NO2  NO2  NO2 (B) NO3  NO2  NO2 (C) NO2  NO3  NO2 (D) NO2  NO3  NO2
Q.6 In which of following cases C–C bond length will be highest

(A) CH3–CF3 (B) FCH2–CH2F (C) F2CH–CHF2 (D) CF3–CF3
Q.7 In the context of carbon, which of the following is arranged in the correct order of electronegativity
2 3 3 2 2 3 3 2
(A) sp > sp > sp (B) sp > sp > sp (C) sp > sp > sp (D) sp > sp > sp
Q.8 There is no S–S bond in
(A) S2O24 (B) S2O52 (C) S2O32 (D) S2O72
The bond energy order of He2 and HeH is

+
Q.9
(A) He2  HeH (B) HeH = He2 (C) HeH > He2
+ +
(D) Can't be predicted
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Q.10 The maximum covalency is equal to
(A) the number off unpaired p-electrons
(B) the number of paired d-electrons
(C) the number of unpaired s and p-electrons
(D) total number of unpaired electron in ground state or in excited state
Q.11 Comment on the CNC and HNN in CH3NCS and HN3 respectively
(A) less than 120º and less than 120º (B) Greater than 120º and less than 120º
(C) less than 120º and greater than 120º (D) Greater than 120º and greater than 120º
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Q.12 Among he following van der Waals forces are maximum in
(A) HBr (B) LiBr
(C) LiCl (D) AgBr
Q.13 Which of the following statements are not correct ?
(A) Hybridization is the mixing of atomic orbitals
2
(B) sp -hybrid orbitals are formed from two p-atomic orbitals and one s-atomic orbitals
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Q.14
(A) sp -sp d-sp
2
(C) dsp -hybrid orbitals are at 90º to one another
2 3
(D) d sp -hybrid orbitals are directed towards the conrners of a regular octahedron
The type of overlap in the bridge bond existing in Al2CH3)6 is
3 3 3 3 2
(B) sp –sp –sp
3 3
(C) sp –s–sp
3 3 3
(D) sp –sp –sp
3
Q.15 The bond angle in PH3 is -

(A) Much lesser than NH3 (B) Equal to that in NH3
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(C) Much greater than in NH3 (D) Slightly more than in NH3
Q.16 Write the maximum number of atoms having same hybridization in 2, 5-di-N-chloridothioimino-3,
4-diazonothiophene as shown below :
N N
C C
N
C=C
C C
N S N
S S
Cl Cl
(A) 4 (B) 5 (C) 6 (D) 7
Q.17 When 2s-2s, 2p-2p and 2p-2s orbitals overlap, the bond strength decreases in the order :
(A) p-p > s-s > p-s (B) p-p > p-s > s-s (C) s-s > p-p > p-s (D) s-s > p-s > p-p
Q.18 The presence of lone pair in NH3 can change its
(A) shape (B) angles as per hybridization
(C) (A) and (B) both (D) Neither (A) nor (B)
Q.19 In ICl4 , the shape is square planar. The number of bond pair-lone pair repulsion at 90º are
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(A) 6 (B) 8 (C) 12 (D) 4
Q.20 Which of the following has been arranged in increased order of size of the hybrid orbitals ?
2 3 3 2 2 3 2 3
(A) sp < sp < sp (B) sp < sp < sp (C) sp < sp < sp (D) sp < sp < sp
Q.21 Which of the set of isomers of C6H4Cl2 is having equal dipole moment with C6H5Cl and C6H6 respectively
(A) ortho and meta (B) meta and para (C) ortho and para (D) para and ortho
Q.22 The correct order of decreasing X–O–X bond angle is (X = H, F or Cl)
(A) H2O > Cl2O > F2O (B) Cl2O > H2O > F2O (C) F2O > Cl2O > H2O (D) F2O > H2O > Cl2O
Q.23 The cationic part of solid Cl2O6 is having the " ____________ " shape.
(A) linear (B) angular (C) Tetrahedron (D) undefined
Q.24 Borax is actually made of two tetrahedral and two triangular units joined together and should be written as :
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Na2[B4O5(OH)4].8H2O
Consider the following statements about borax :
a. Each boron atom has four B–O bonds
b. Each boron atom has three B–O bonds
c. Two boron atom has four B–O bonds while other two have three B–O bonds
d. Each boron atom has one –OH groups
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Q.25
Select correct statement(s)
(A) a, b (B) b, c
Hybridization of carbon in C3O2 is -
(A) sp (B) sp
2
(C) c,d
(C) sp
3
(D) a,c
(D) sp d
3
Q.26 Which of the following has been arranged in order of decreasing bond length ?
(A) P–O > Cl–O > S–O (B) P–O > S–O > Cl–O
(C) S–O > Cl–O > P–O (D) Cl–O > S–O > P–O
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 
Q.27 The shapes of PCl ,PCl and AsCl5 are respectively -
4 4
(A) square planar, tetrahedral and see-saw

(B) tetrahedral, see-saw and trigonal bipyramidal
(C) tetrahedral, square planar and pentagonal bipyramidal
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(D) trigonal bipyramidal, tetrahedral and square pyramidal

Q.28 PCl5 exists but NCl5 does not because -
(A) Nitrogen has no vacant d-orbitals (B) NCl5 is unstable
(C) Nitrogen atom is much smaller than p (D) Nitrogen is highly inert
Q.29 The correct of increasing s-character (in percentage) in the hybrid orbitals of following molecules ions is –
(I) CO32 (II) XeF4 (III) I3 (IV) NCl3 (V) BeCl2
(A) II < III < IV < I < V (B) II < IV < III < V < I
(C) III < II < I < V < IV (D) II < IV < III < I < V
Q.30 Molecular shapes of SF4, CF4 and XeF4 are -
(A) the same, with 2, 0 and 1 lone pair of electrons respectively
(B) the same, with 1, 1 and 1 lone pair of electrons respectively
(C) different with 0, 1 and 2 lone pair of electrons respectively
(D) different with 1, 0 and 2 lone pair of electrons respectively
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Q.31 Which has higher bond energy -
(A) F2 (B) Cl2 (C) Br2 (D) I2
Q.32 C–H bond distance is the longest in -
(A) C2H2 (B) C2H4 (C) C2H6 (D) C2H2Br2
Q.33 Maximum bond energy is in -
(A) F2 (B) N2 (C) O2 (D) equal
Q.34 In the cyanide ion the negative charge is on
(A) C (B) N
(C) Both C and N (D) Resonate between C and N
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Q.35 The bond angle and hybridization in ether (CH3OCH3) is
3 3
(A) 106º51', sp (B) 104º31', sp
3
(C) 110º, sp (D) None of these
Q.36 A : tetracyanomethane B : Carbondioxide C : Benzene D : 1, 3-Buta-di-ene
Ratio of  and  bonds is in order
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Q.37
(A) A = B < C < D
(C) A = B = C = D
The enolic form of acetone contains :
(A) 9 sigma, 1 pi bond and 2 lone pairs
(B) A = B < D < C
(D) C < D < A < B
(B) 8 sigma, 2 pi bond and 2 lone pairs

(C) 10 sigma, 1 pi bond and 1 lone pairs (D) 9 sigma, 2 pi bond and 1 lone pairs
Q.38 The number of -bond and -bond in HCP are respectively
(A) 2 and 2 (B) 1 and 3 (C) 2 and 1 (D) None of these
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Q.39 (C–Cl) bond in CH2=CH–Cl (vinyl chloride) is stabilized in the same way as in
(A) benzyl chloride (B) ethyl chloride
(C) chlorobenzene (D) allyl chloride
Q.40 Mg2C3 reacts with water forming propyne, C34  has
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(A) two sigma and two pi bonds (B) three sigma and one pi bonds
(C) two sigma and one pi bonds (D) two sigma and three pi bonds
Q.41 How many sigma and pi bonds are present in tetracynoethylene ?
(A) Nine  and nine  (B) Five  and nine 
(C) Nine  and seven  (D) Eight  and eight 
Q.42 H–B–H bond angle in BH4 is
(A) 180º (B) 120º (C) 109º (D) 90º
Q.43 The hydration of ionic compounds involves
(A) Evolution of heat (B) Weakening of attractive forces
(C) Dissociation into ions (D) All of these
Q.44 Among KO2, AlO2 , BaO2 and NO 2 unpaired electron is present in
(A) KO2 only (B) NO 2 and BaO2 (C) KO2 and AlO2 (D) BaO2 only
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Q.45 If a molecule MX3 has zero dipole moment, the sigma bonding orbitals used by M(atm no. < 21) are
2 3
(A) pure p (B) sp hybrid (C) sp hybrid (D) sp hybrid
+
Q.46 Identify isostructural pairs from NF3(I), NO3(II), BF3(III), H3O (IV), HN3(V)
(A) I and II, III and IV (B) I and V, II and III (C) I and IV, II and III (D) I and IV, III and V
Q.47 Which of the following species are hypervalent ?
1. ClO4 2. BF3 3. SO24 4. CO32
(A) 1, 2 (B) 1, 3 (C) 3, 4 (D) 1, 2

Q.48 Type of hybridization in transition state of SeF 4, when it undergoes in hydrolysis
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3 3 2 3 3
(A) sp d (B) sp d (C) dsp (D) sp
Q.49 The critical temperature of water is higher than that of O2 because the H2O molecules has
(A) lewer electron than O2 (B) two covalents bonds
(C) V-shape (D) dipole moment
Q.50 Ethanol has a higher boiling point than dimethyl ether though they have the same molecular weight. This is due to
(A) resonance (B) coordinate bonding
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Q.51
(C) hydrogen bonding (D) ionic bonding
Arrange the following in order of decreasing boiling point
(I) n-Butane (II) n-Butanol (III) n-Butyl chloride (IV) Isobutane
(A) IV > III > II > I (B) IV > II > III > I (C) I > II > III > IV (D) II > III > I > IV
Q.52 Which of the following compounds would have significant intermolecular hydrogen bonding ?
HF, CH3OH, N2O4, CH4
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(A) HF, N2O4 (B) HF, CH4, CH3OH (C) HF, CH3OH (D) CH3OH, CH4
Q.53 Which of the following molecules are expected to exhibit intermolecular H-bonding
(I) Acetic acid (II) o-nitrophenol (III) m-nitrophenol (IV) o-boric acid
(A) I, II, III (B) I, II, IV (C) I, III, IV (D) II, III, IV
Q.54 Intermolecular hydrogen bonding is found in
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(A) Salicylaldehyde (B) Water (C) Acetaldehyde (D) Phenol

Q.55 The pairs of bases in DNA are held together by
(A) Hydrogen bonds (B) Ionic bonds
(C) Phosphate groups (D) Deoxyribose groups
Q.56 The volatility of HF is low because of
(A) its low polarizability (B) the weak dispersion interactin between the moleucles
(C) its small molecular mass (D) its strong hydrogen bonding
Q.57 Which one of the following does not have intermolecular H-bonding ?
(A) H2O (B) o-nitro phenol (C) HF (D) CH3COOH
Q.58 Which of the following exhibit/s H-bonding ?
(A) CH4 (B) H2Se (C) N2H4 (D) H2S
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Q.59 Two ice cubes are pressed over each other and unite to form one cube. Which force is responsible for holding
them together
(A) van der Waal's forces (B) Covalent attraction
(C) Hydrogen bond formation (D) Dipole-dipole attraction
Q.60 Which has maximum dipole moment ?
Cl Cl Cl
Cl Cl Cl Cl Cl
(A) (B) (C) (D)
Cl Cl Cl Cl
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Q.61 Which of the following has been arranged in order of decreasing dipole moment ?
(A) CH3Cl > CH3F > CH3Br > CH3I (B) CH3F > CH3Cl > CH3Br > CH3I
(C) CH3Cl > CH3Br > CH3I > CH3F (D) CH3F > CH3Cl > CH3I > CH3Br
Q.62 The experimental value of the dipole moment of HCl is 1.03 D. The length of the H–Cl bond is 1.275Å. The
Percentage of ionic character in HCl is
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Q.63
(A) 43 (B) 21
The total number of valence electrons in 4.2 g of
(A) 2.2 N (B) 4.2 N

(C) 17
N3 ion are
(C) 1.6 N
(D) 7
(D) 3.2 N
Q.64 Which of the following has the least dipole moment
(A) NF3 (B) CO2 (C) SO2 (D) NH3
Q.65 During the formation of a molecular orbital form atomic orbtials, probability of electron density is
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(A) minimum in the nodal plane (B) maximum in the nodal plane
(C) zero in the nodeal plane (D) zero on the surface of the lobe
Q.66 Pick out the incorrect statement ?
(A) N2 has greater dissociation energy than N2 (B) O2 has lower dissociation energy than O 2
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(C) Bond length in N2 is less than N2

+
(D) Bond length in NO is less than in NO
Q.67 Which of the following species is paramagnetic ?
(B) O22
– –
(A) NO (C) CN (D) CO
Q.68 Bond order of Be2 is

(A) 1 (B) 2 (C) 3 (D) 0
Q.69 If simplified application of MO theory to the hypothetical 'molecule' OF would give its bond order as
(A) 2 (B) 1.5 (C) 1.0 (D) 0.5
Q.70 Number of anti bonding electrons in N2 is
(A) 4 (B) 10 (C) 12 (D) 14
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Q.71 The bond order depends on the number of electrons in the bonding and antibonding orbital. Which of the following
statements is/are correct about bond order ?
(A) Bond order cannot have a negative value
(B) It always has an integral value
(C) It is a nonzero quantity
(D) It can assume any value-positive or negative, integral or fractional, including zero
Q.72 In the formation of N2 from N2, the electron is removed from
(A) orbital (B)  orbital (C) * orbital (D) * orbtial

Q.73 Which of the following is true ?
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1 1
(A) Bond order  bond energy (B) Bond order bond length 
bond length bond energy
1 1
(C) Bond order   (D) Bond order  bond length bond energy
bond length bond energy
Q.74 Which of the following has fractional bond order
(A) O22 (B) O22 (C) F22 (D) H2
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Q.75
Q.76
How many unpaired electrons are present in N2
(A) 1 (B) 2 (C) 3

Match list-I with List-II and select the correct answer :
(D) 4
List-I (species) List-II (O–N–O angle)


(A) NO 2 (1) 180º
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(B) NO2 (2) 134º
(C) NO2 (3) 120º
(D) NO3 (4) 115º

(5) 109º
(A) A  5 ; B  4 ; C  3 ; D  2 (B) A  5 ; B  2 ; C  4 ; D  3
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(C) A  1 ; B  2 ; C  4 ; D  3 (B) A  1 ; B  2 ; C  3 ; D  2
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EXERCISE # 2
 (Choose the correct option. One or more than one are correct)
Q.1 Which have fractional bond order ?
(A) O2 (B) O2 (C) NO (D) H2
Q.2 Which (have) zero value of dipole moment ?
(A) XeF4 (B) CHCl3 (C) CO2 (D) Cl Cl
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Q.3 Which of the following have planar structure ?
(A) I3 (B) H2O (C) PCl5 (D) XeF4
Q.4 Which of the following have dipole mement ?

(A) nitrobenzene (B) p-chloronitrobenzene
(C) m-dichlorobenzene (D) o-dichlorobenzene
Q.5.S In the structure of H2CSF4 , which of the following statement is/are correct?
(A) Two C–H bonds are in the same plane of axial S–F bonds
(B) Two C–H bonds are in the same plane of equatorial S–F bonds
(C) Total six atoms are in the same plane
(D) Equatorial S–F plane is perpendicular to nodal plane of -bond
Q.6 Which of the following compounds contain/s both ionic and covalent bonds ?
(A) NH4Cl (B) KCN (C) CuSO4.5H2O (D) NaOH
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Q.7 Which of the following statements are not correct ?
(A) All C–O bonds in CO32 are equal but not in H2CO3
(B) All C–O bonds in HCO2 are equal but not in HCO2H
(C) C–O bond length in HCO2 is longer than C–O bond length in CO32
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(D) C–O bond length in HCO2 and C–O bond length in CO32 are equal
Q.8 Resonance occurs due to the
(A) delocalization of a lone pair of electrons (B) delocalization of sigma electrons
(C) delocalization of pi electrons (D) migration of protons
Q.9 Which of the following statements is/are true?
(A) Covalent bonds are directional
(B) Ionic bonds are non directional
(C) A polar bond is formed between two atoms which have the same electronegativity value
(D) The presence of polar bonds in polyatomic molecule suggests that it has zero dipole moment
Q.10 Which of the following have identical bond order ?
–
(A) O22
+ +
(B) NO (C) CN (D) CN
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Q.11 Which of the following statement is/are correct
(A) The peroxide ion has a bond order of 1 while the oxygen molecule has a bond order of 2
(B) The peroxide ion has a weaker bond than the dioxygen molecule
(C) The peroxide ion as well as the dioxygen molecules are paramagnetic
(D) The bond length of the peroxide ion is greater than that of the dioxygen molecule
– +
Q.12 Given the species : N2, CO, CN and NO . Which of the following statements are true for these
(A) All species are paramagnetic (B) The species are isoelectronic
(C) All the species have dipole moment (D) All the species are linear
Q.13 Which of the following have unpaired electron(s)
(A) O2 (B) O2 (C) NO (D) H2
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Q.14 What is the state of hybridization of Xe in cationic part of solid XeF6.
3 3 3 2 3 3
(A) sp d (B) sp d (C) sp d (D) sp
Q.15 Rotation around the bond (between the underlined atoms) is restricted in
(A) C2H4 (B) H2O2 (C) C2H2 (D) C2H6
Q.16 According to MOT (Molecular Orbital Theory), the molecular orbitals are formed by mixing of atotmic orbitals
.S through LCAO (linear combination of atomic orbitals). The correct statement(s) about molecular orbitals is/are
Statement (a) : bonding molecular orbitals are formed by addition of wave-functions of atomic orbitals of same phase
Statement (b) : anti-bonding molecular orbitals are formed by subtraction of wave-functions of atomic orbitals of same phase
Statement (c) : non-bonding molecular orbitals do n ot take part in bond formation because they belong to inner shells
Statement (d) : anti-bonding molecular orbitals provide stability to molecules while bonding molecular orbitals
make the molecules unstable.
(A) Statement a, d (B) Statement a, b, c (C) Statement a, b, d (D) Statement a, b
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Q.17 Which of the following species is (are) isostructural with XeF 4 ?
(A) ICl4 (B) I5 (C) BrF4 (D) XeO4
Q.18 Which one of the following compounds has bond angle as nearly 90° ?
(A) NH3 (B) H2S (C) H2O (D) SF6
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Q.19 The linear structure is assumed by :

–
(A) SnCl2 (B) NCO (C) CS2 (D) NO2
Q.20 Which of the following stements is/are correct ?
(A) NH2 shows sp – hybridization whereas NH2 shows sp – hybridisation
2 3
(B) Al(OH)4 has a regular tetrahedral geometry

2
(C) sp – hybridized orbitals have equal s- and p-character
(D) Usually hybridized orbitals form -bonds
Q.21 Choose the correct option for the following molecule in view of chemical bonding
Cl H
C=C=C=C
H Cl
(A) non-planar (B)  0 (C) A & B both (D)  = 0
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Q.22 Of the following isoelectronic & isostructural species are NO3 ,ClO3 & CO32
(A) NO3 & CO32 (B) SO3 & CO32 (C) NO3 & ClO3 (D) CO32 & ClO3
Q.23 Shape of NH3 is very similar to :

`(A) SeO32 (B) CH3 (C) BH3 (D) CH3
Q.24 Pick out among the following species isoelectronic with CO 2 :
–
(A) N3 (B) (CNO) (C) (NCN)2 (D) NO2
Q.25 Which of correct statement ?
As the s-charactger of a hybrid orbital decreases
(I) The bond angle decreases (II) The bond strength increases
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(III) The bond length increases (IV) Size of orbital increases
(A) (I), (III) and (IV) (B) (II), (III) and (IV) (C) (I) and (II) (D) All are correct
Q.26 Resonating structures of a molecule should have :
(A) identical bonding (B) identical arrangement of atoms
(C) nearly the same energy content (D the same number of paired electrons
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Q.27 Which of the following conditions apply to resonating structures ?
(A) The contributing structures should have nearly similar energies
(B) The contributing structures should be represented such that like charges reside on atoms that are far apart
(C) The more electropositive element should preferably have positive charge and the more electronegative
element have negative charge
(D) The contributing structures must have the same number of unpaired electrons
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Q.28 A -bond may between two px orbitals containing one unpaired electron each when they approach each other
appropriately along :
(A) x-axis (B) y-axis (C) z-axis (D) any direction
Q.29 During the complete combustion of methane CH4, what change in hybridization does the carbon atom undergo ?
3 3 2 2 2 3
(A) sp to sp (B) sp to sp (C) sp to sp (D) sp to sp
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Q.30 The octet rule is not obeyed in :

(A) CO2 (B) BCl3 (C) PCl5 (D) SiF4
Q.31 A, B, C are three substances, A does not conduct electricity in the solid, molten state and aqueous solution. B conducts
electricity both in the fused and aqueous states, while C conducts electricity only in the aqueous state. In solid state
neither B nor C conducts electricity. Which of the following statements is/are true regarding A, B and C ?
(A) A has polar covalent linkage (B) A has nonpolar covalent linkage
(C) B is ionic in nature (D) Cation formed by C is highly polarizing
Q.32 Three centre-two electron bonds exist in :
(A) B2H6 (B) Al2(CH3)6 (C) BeH2(s) (D) BeCl2(s)
Q.33 To which of the following species octet rule is not applicable :
(A) BrF5 (B) SF6 (C) IF7 (D) CO
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Q.34 Which of the following do not exists ?
(A) SH6 (B) HFO4 (C) FeI3 (D) HClO3
Q.35 Which of the following oxyacids of sulphur contains S – S bonds ?
(A) H2S2O8 (B) H2S2O6 (C) H2S2O4 (D) H2S2O5
Q.36 Which of the following factors are responsible for origination of van der Waals forces ?
(A) Instantaneous dipole-induced dipole interaction
(B) Dipole-induced dipole interaction and ion-induced dipole interaction
(C) Dipole-dipole interaction and ion-induced dipole interaction
(D) Small size of molecule
Q.37 Which of the following are true ?
IR
(A) Van der Waals forces are responsible for the formation of molecular crystals
(B) Branching lowers the boiling points of isomeric organic compounds due to decrease in van der Waals forces
of attraction
(C) In graphite, van der Waals forces act between the carbon layers
(D) In diamond, van der Waals forces act between the carbon layers
.S
Q.38
Q.39
Which of the following are paramagnetic ?
(A) B2 (B) O2 (C) N2
Which of the following species have a bond order of 3 ?
(A) CO (B) CN
–
(C) NO
+
(D) He2
(D) O2
Q.40 Among the following, the species with one unpaired electron are :
(A) O2 (B) NO (C) O2 (D) B2
.J
Q.41 Which of the following pairs have identical values of bond order ?
(A) N2 and O2 (B) F2 and Ne2 (C) O22 and B2 (D) C2 and N2
Q.42 Which of the following is correct ?
(A) During N2 formation, one electron is removed from the bonding molecular orbitals
N
(B) During O2 formation, one electron is removed from the antibonding molecular orbitals
(C) During O2 formation, one electron is added to the bonding molecular orbitals
–
(D) During CN formation, one electron is added to the bonding molecular orbitals
Q.43 Which of the following species is correct ?
(A) ICl2 (B) I3 (C) N3 (D) ClO2
Q.44 The structure of XeF6 is :

(A) pentagonal bipyramidal (B) distorted octahedral
(C) capped octahedral (D) square pyramidal
12
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EXERCISE # 3
 State whether each statements is T or F, if F rectify.

Q.1 True and False.
1. Two isomers of C2H2Cl2 are polar.
2. If all bonds in a molecule are polar, the molecule as a whole must be polar.
 Fill in the blank type questions :
IR
Q.2 Fill in the blank.
1. A lone pair is ______________________ polarisable compared to a  bonded pair which in turn is ______
polarissable compared to a -bonded pair.
2. In nitro benzene the total number of bonded electrons equals _________________ .
3. The strongest hydrogen bond is formed between ________ and hydrogen.
4. Hydrogen bond is _______________ than a covalent bond.
5.
6.
7.
8.
.S An electrovalent compound does not exhibit space isomerism because of __________ of the electrovalent bond.
3
In water, oxygen atom is sp hybridised the bond angle in H–O–H is ____________.
Formation of acetylene in involves sp-hybridisation, the bond angle in H–C–C is _________ .
The polarity of XY4 molecule having tetrahedral structure is ___________ .
9. S in SF6 is ____________________ hybridized.
10. N2 molecule contains _________________  and ___________________ -bonds.
.J
11. The electronegativity next to F is __________________ .
12. Dipole moment of NH3 is _____________ than NF3.
13. Repulsion between bond pair-bond pair electron is _______ than in between lone pair-lone pair
14. Transition elements exhibit variable valency on account of ______________ d-orbitals.
15. Halogen with highest ionization energy is _________________ .
N
16. Maximum ionization energy stands for _____________ .

17. Two atoms of similar electronegativity are expected to form _____________ compounds.
 Passage Based Questions :

Passage (3 Questions)
Sulphur forms a number of compounds in is different oxidation state including oxy acids. The shape of the
compound and the hybridization of sulphur also varies.
Q.3 The shape of SF2 and hybridization of S in it are
3 2 2 3
(A) Angular, sp (B) Angular, sp (C) Linear, sp (D) Linear, sp d
Q.4 Shape of SF4 is
(A) Tetrahedral (B) Square planar (C) Square pyramidal (D) See-Saw
Q.5 Oxidation state of S in H2SO5 and H2S2O8 are respectively
(A) +6, +7 (B) + 6 both (C) +7 both (D) None of these
13
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Passage (3 Questions)
The noble gases have closed-shell electronic configuration and are monoatomic gases under normal conditions.
The direct reaction of xenon with fluorine leads to a series of compounds with oxidation number 2+, 4+ and 6+.
XeF4 reacts violently with water to give Xe and XeO3. The compounds of xenon exhibit rich stereochemistry and
their geometries can be deduced considering the total number of electron pairs in the valence shell.
Q.6 The geometry of XeO3 is
(A) Linear (B) Planar (C) Pyramidal (D) T-shaped
Q.7 Hybridization of XeF4 is
3 2 3 2 3
(A) sp (B) dsp (C) sp d (D) sp d
Q.8 The shape of XeF6 is
IR
(A) Octahedral (B) Trigonal bipyramidal
(C) Distorted octahedral (D) Pentagonal bipyramidal
 Assertion Reason type questions :

Q.9 Statement-1 : POF3 exist but NOF3 does not exist.
.S Statement-2 : 'P' can form five bond by expanding its octet while 'N' can not expand its octet to form five bonds.
(A) If statement-1 is true, statement-2 is true and statement-2 is correct explanation for statement-1.
(B) If statement-1 is true, statement-2 us true and statement-2 is NOT the correct explanation for statement-1.
(C) If statement-1 is true, statement-2 is false.
(D) If statement-1 is false, statement-2 is true.
–
Q.10 Statement-1 : The species [I(CN)2] is overall linear.
Statement-2 : I-atom and C-atoms are 'sp' hybridized.
.J
N
Q.11 Statement-1 : P–Cl bond in PCl3 and PCl5 had different bond energy.
3
Statement-2 : P in PCl3 and PCl5 is sp -hybridized.
Q.12 Statement-1 : The first ionization energy of N is greater than O.
Statement-2 : N atom has half filled p-orbitals .
14
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Q.13 Statement-1 : H2 molecule is more stable than He–H molecule.
Statement-2 : The ant bonding electron in He–H molecule decreases the bond order and there by the stability.
Q.14 Statement-1 : The direction of dipole moment in CO is from 'O' to 'C'.
Statement-2 : The contribution of co-ordinate -bond is more compared to electronegativity factor in the overall
polarity of the molecule.
IR
Q.15 Statement-1 : Super oxide ion is paramagnetic whereas peroxide ion is diamagnetic.
Statement-2 : Super oxide ion has one unpaired electron whereas per oxide ion has no unpaired electron.
.S
Q.16
Statement-1 : C3O2 has linear structure.
Statement-2 : Each C atom in C3O2 is sp-hybridized.
.J
Q.17 Statement-1 : b and * orbitals obtained from 2p orbital are lying in the same plane.
Statement-2 : Bonding MO's are formed by constructive interference while antibonding M.O's are formed by
destructive interference.
N
H
2
Q.18 Statement-1 : HCHO has sp -hybrisied carbon and the following geometry. 116° C=O
H
Statement-2 : The bond angles are changed due to multiple bond-bond pair repulsion.
15
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Q.19 Statement-1 : NH3 and CH3 both have pyramidal shape.
Statement-2 : N in NH3 and C in CH3 both have sp -hybridisation with one lone pair of electron on each.
3
Q.20 Statement-1 : In benzene and borazine both, -electrons are completely delocalized.
Statement-2 : Both molecules, C6H6 and B3N3H6 are having 12-atoms those are lying in the same plane.
IR
Q.21 Statement-1 : The bond angle in H2O is greater than H2S.
Statement-2 : H-bonding does not occur in H2S due to low electronegativity of S.
.S (A) If statement-1 is true, statement-2 is true and statement-2 is correct explanation for statement-1.
Q.22 Statement-1 : The bond angle in BF3 is smaller than that in BF4 .
Statement-2 : BF3 has sp -hyrbidization, whereas BF4 has sp -hybridization.

2 3
.J
Q.23 Statement-1 : H2SO4 in more viscous than water.
N
Statement-2 : In H2SO4, S has highest oxidation state.

Q.24 Statement-1 : The p-isomer of dichlorobenzene has higher melting point than o- and m-isomer.
Statement-2 : p-isomer is symmetrical and thus shows more closely packed structure.
16
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Q.25 Statement-1 : Dipole moment of NF3 is less than that of NH3.
Statement-2 : Polaritty of N–F bond is less than that of N–H bond.
Q.26 Statement-1 : The melting point of noble gases increases as its atomic mass increases.
Statement-2 : Intantaneous dipole induced dipole attraction increases with increase in atomic mass.
IR
Q.27 Statement-1 : dO–O in O2F2 and O2 molecules are almost same.
+ –
Statement-2 : O2F2 exists as ion pair structure of [O2F] [F] form and achieves the bond length closer to O 2
molecule.
.S (A) If statement-1 is true, statement-2 is true and statement-2 is correct explanation for statement-1.
 M atch the Column type questions :

Q.28 Column-I Column-II
.J
3 2
(A) SF6 (P) sp d
3
(B) BF3 (Q) sp d
3
(C) PCl3 (R) sp
2
(D) ClF3 (S) sp
2 3
(T) d sp
N
Q.29 Column-I Column-II

+
(A) NO (P) 3.0
(B) O2 (Q) 1.0
(C) O2 (R) 2.5

(D) NO (S) 1.5
Q.30 Number of lone pairs on central atom
Column-I Column-II
(A) XeF2 (P) 2
(B) XeF4 (Q) 3
(C) XeF6 (R) 0
(D) SF6 (S) 1
17
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 Subjective Questions :
Q.31 Write the number of FIF angles which are less than 90º in IF5.
Q.32 The number of corner or O-atom shared per tetrahedron in 2D-silicate is ______.
+
Q.33 Total number of bonding and antibonding electrons in O2 are " …………. " and "…………….." respectively. (If the
answer is 14 and 7,then represent as 0.147]
Q.34 Anhydrous white substance used for the detection of presence of water in an environment which is associated
with 56.25% of increase in weight after hydration. Find out the number of water of crysttallisation after hydriation.
Q.35 Find the number of plane of symmetry in CCl4 molecule.
Q.36 Find the maximum number of identical angle in CH2F2 molecule.
IR
Q.37 The ratio of lone pairs in XeF2 molecule and the lone pairs on its central atom is……
– 2–
Q.38 Count the total number of X–O bonds are having equal length in HSO4 and S3O6 respectively. (If the answer is
5 and 3 then represent as 53)
Q.39 The number of C–C linkages in C60 (Fullerene) is
3 2
Q.40 Ratio sp and sp hybridized atoms in the anionic part of Borax is _________.
.S
Q.41
(if ans is 12 : 4 then present as 124)
The number of molecules having planar structure.
(i) BFCl Br
(iii) (SiH3)3N (with restpect to N)
(ii) F2B — C C – BF2
(iv) H2N – NH2
.J
N
18
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EXERCISE # 4
 Choose the correct alternative(onlyone correct answer).

Q.1 The geometry & the type of hybrid orbitals present about the central atom in BF 3 is : [JEE 98]
2 3 3
(A) Linear, sp (B) trigonal planar, sp (C) tetrahedral sp (D) pyramidal, sp
Q.2 The correct order of increasing C – O bond length of CO, CO32 , CO2 is [JEE 99]
(A) CO32  CO2  CO (B) CO2  CO32  CO (C) CO  CO32  CO2 (D) CO  CO2  CO32
Q.3 In the dichromate anion [JEE 99]
IR
(A) 4Cr-O bonds are equivalent (B) 6 Cr-O bonds are equivalent
(C) all Cr-O bonds are equivalent (D) all Cr-O bonds are non equivalent
Q.4 The geometry of H2S and its dipole moment are – [JEE 99]
(A) angular & non zero (B) angular & zero (C) linear & non zero (D) linear & zero
Q.5 In compounds type E Cl3, where E = B, P, As or Bi, the angles Cl – E – Cl for different E are in the order
Q.6
.S (A) B > P = As = Bi
O
N+
O
(B) B > P > As > Bi
The most likely representation of resonance structure of p-nitrophenoxide is
– –
O
+
N
O
(C) B < P = As = Bi
O
N+
O
(D) B < P < As < Bi
–
O
+
N
O
[JEE 99]
[JEE 2000]
(A) (B) (C) (D)

.J
– O – –
O O O
Q.7 Amongst H2O, H2S, H2Se and H2Te, the one with the highest boiling point is [JEE 2000]
(A) H2O because of hydrogen bonding (B) H2Te because of higher molecular weight
(C) H2S because of hydrogen bonding (D) H2Se because of lower molecular weight
N
Q.8 The hybridization of atomic orbitals of nitrogen in NO2 , NO3 and NH4 are [JEE 2000]
2 3 2 2 3
(A) sp , sp and sp respectively (B) sp, sp and sp respectively
2 3 2 3
(C) sp , sp and sp respectively (D) sp , sp and sp respectively
Q.9 The correct order of hybridization of the central atom in the following species NH 3, PtCl42 , PCl5 and BCl3 is
2 3 2 3 3 2 3 2
(A) dsp , sp d, sp and sp (B) sp , dsp , sp d, sp [JEE 2001]
2 2 3 3 2 3 2 3
(C) dsp , sp , sp , sp d (D) dsp , sp , sp , sp d
– +
Q.10 The common features among the species CN , CO and NO are [JEE 2001]
(A) Bond order three and isoelectronic (B) Bond other three and weak field ligands
(C) Bond order two and -acceptors (D) Isoelectronic and weak field ligands
Q.11 Specify hybridization of N and B atoms in a 1 : 1 complex of BF 3 and NH3 [JEE 2002]
3 3 3 3
(A) N : tetrahedral, sp ; B : tetrahedral, sp (B) N : pyramidal, sp ; B : pyramidal, sp
3 2 3 3
(C) N : pyramidal, sp ; B : planar, sp (D) N : pyramidal, sp ; B : tetrahedral, sp
19
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Q.12 The nodal plane in the -bond of ethane is located in [JEE 2002]
(A) the molecular plane
(B) a plane parallel to the molecular plane
(C) a plane perpendicular to the molecular plane which bisects, the carbon-carbon  bond at right angle
(D) a plane perpendicular to the molecular plane which contains, the carbon-carbon bond
Q.13 Identify the least stable ion amongst the following : [JEE 2002]
– – – –
(A) Li (B) Be (C) B (D) C
Q.14 Which of the following molecular species has unpaired electron(s) ? [JEE 2002]
 2
(A) N2 (B) F2 (C) O 2 (D) O 2
Q.15 Which of the following are isoelectronic and isostructural ? NO3 , CO32 , ClO3 ,SO3 [JEE 2003]
IR
(A) NO3 ,CO32 (B) SO3 ,NO3 (C) ClO3 ,CO32 (D) CO32 ,SO3
Q.16 According to molecular orbital theory which of the following statement about the magnetic character and bond
order is correct regarding O2 [JEE 2004]
(A) Paramagnetic and Bond order < O2 (B) Paramagnetic and Bond order > O2
(C) Diamagnetic and Bond order < O2 (D) Diamagnetic and Bond order > O2
.S
Q.17
Q.18
Which species has the maximum number of lone pair of electrons on the central atom ?
(A) ClO3 (B) XeF4 (C) SF4
The percentage of p-character in the orbitals forming P-P bonds in P4 is
(D) I3
[JEE 2005]
[JEE 2007]
(A) 25 (B) 33 (C) 50 (D) 75
Q.19 Among the following, the paramagnetic compound is [JEE 2007]
(A) Na2O2 (B) O3 (C) N2O (D) KO2
.J
Q.20 The species having bond order different from that in CO is [JEE 2007]
– + –
(A) NO (B) NO (C) CN (D) N2
Q.21 The structure of XeO3 is [JEE 2007]
(A) linear (B) planar (C) pyramidal (D) T-shaped
Q.22 Statement-1 : p-Hydroxybenzoic acid has a lower boiling point than o-hydroxybenzoic acid [JEE 2007]
N
because
Statementt-2 : o-Hydroxybenzoic acid has intramolecular hydrogen bonding
(A) Statement-1 is True, Statement-2 is True; Statement-2 is a correct explanation for Statement-1
(B) Statement-1 is True, Statement-2 is True; Statement-2 is NOT a correct explanation for Statement-1
(C) Statement-1 is True, Statement-2 is False
(D) Statement-1 is False, Statement-2 is True
Q.23 Match each of the diatomic molecules in Column I with its property / properties in Column II [JEE 2009]
Column I Column II
(A) B2 (P) Paramagnetic
(B) N2 (Q) undergoes oxidation

(C) O 2 (R) Undergoes reduction
(D) O2 (S) Bond order  2
(T) Mixing of 's' and 'p' orbitals
20
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Q.24 The nitrogen oxide (s) that contain(s) N–N bond(s) is (are) [JEE 2009]
(A) N2O (B) N2O3 (C) N2O4 (D) N2O5
Q.25 The species having pyramidal shape is [JEE 2010]
(A) SO3 (B) BrF3 (C) SiO32 (D) OSF2
Q.26 Assuming that Hund's rule is violated, the bond order and magnetic nature of the diatomic molecule B2 is
(A) 1 and diamagnetic (B) 0 and diamagnetic [JEE 2010]
(C) 1 and paramagnetic (D) 0 and paramagnetic
Explain the following :
Q.1 Given reason carbon oxygen bond lengths in formic acid are 1.23Å & 1.36Å and both carbon oxygen bonds in
IR
sodium formate have the same value i.e. 1.27Å. [JEE 88]
Q.2 Explain the first I.E. of carbon atom is greater than that of boron atom whereas the reverse is true for the
second I.E. [JEE 89]
Q.3 The experimentally determined N-F bond length in NF3 is greater than the sum of single bond covalent radii of N
& F. Explain. [JEE 95]
Q.4 Explain the difference in the nature of bonding in LiF & LiI. [JEE 96]
Q.2
.S
Arrange as directed
Q.1 N2, O2, F2, Cl2 in increasing order of bond dissociation energy.
3– + –
Increasing order of ionic size : N , Na , F , O , Mg
2– 2+
[JEE 88]
Q.3 Increasing strengtht of H-bonding. (X ……H – X) O, S, F, Cl, N

+ 2+ + 3+
Q.4 Arrange in order of increasing radii, Li , Mg , K , Al [JEE 97]
.J
Q.5 Decreasing order of the O–O bond length present in them O2, KO2 and [AsF4] [JEE 2004]
Subjective
Q.1 The number of water molecule(s) directly bonded to the metal centre in CuSO 4. 5H2O is [JEE 2009]
Q.2 Based on VSEPR theory, the number of 90 degree F–Br–F angles in BrF5 is [JEE 2010]
Q.3 The value of n in the molecular formula BenAl2Si6O18 is [JEE 2010]
N
Q.4 The total number of diprotic acids among the following is [JEE 2010]
H3PO4 H2SO4 H3PO3 H2CO3 H2S2O7
H3BO3 H3PO2 H2CrO4 H2SO3
Q.5 Among the following , the number of elements showing only one non-zero oxidation state is [JEE 2010]
O, Cl, F, N, P, Sn, Tl, Na Ti
Q.6 The difference in the oxidation number of the two types of sulphur atoms in Na 2S4O6 is [JEE 2011]
21
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ANSWER KEY
EXERCISE - I
Ques. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Ans. D B A C B B A D C D
Ques. 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
Ans. B D A D A C B C B A
Ques. 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
Ans. B B B C A B B A A D
Ques. 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40
Ans. B C B A C A A A C A
IR
Ques. 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50
Ans. A C D A C C B B D C
Ques. 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60
Ans. D C C A A D B C C A
Ques. 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70
Ans. A C C B C C A D B A
Ques. 71 72 73 74 75 76
.S Ans.
Ques.
Ans.
D
1
ABCD
A
2
ACD
A
3
ABD
D
ABCD
A
EXERCISE – II
4 5
ACD
C
6
ABCD
7
CD
8
AC
9
AB
10
ABC
Ques. 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
Ans. ABD BD ABCD B ABC D AC BD BCD ABD
Ques. 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
.J
Ans. D A AB ABC A BCD ABCD BC A BC
Ques. 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40
Ans. BCD ABC ABC ABC BCD ABC ABC AB ABC ABC
Ques. 41 42 43 44
Ans. AC ABD ABC BC
EXERCISE – III
N
Q.1 (i) T (ii) F

Q.2 (i) more, less ; (ii) 36 ; (iii) F ; (iv) weaker; (v) non directional character, (vi) 104.5°; (vii) 180°; (viii) non polar ;
3 2
(ix) sp d ; (x) one, two; (xi) oxygen; (xii) more ; (xiii) less; (xiv) vacant orbital having less energy difference; (xv) F;
(xvi) He; (xvii) non polar covalent bond.
Ques. 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Ans. A D B C C C D C C A
Ques. 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22
Ans. A A A A B A A D B D
Ques. 23 24 25 26 27 28
Ans. B A C A A (A) P, (B) S, (C) R, (D) Q
Ques. 29 30 31
Ans. (A) P, (B) S, (C) R, (D) R (A) Q, (B) P, (C) S, (D) R 8
Ques. 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41
Ans. 3 0105 0005 0006 0004 3 36 90 0112 3
22
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EXERCISE – IV
Ques. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Ans. B D B A B A A B B A
Ques. 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
Ans. A A B C A B D D D A
Ques. 21 22 23 24 25 26
Ans. C D (A) P,Q,R,T (B) Q,R,S,T (C) P,Q,R (D) P,Q,R,S ABC D A
Subjective :
Ques. 1 2 3 4 5 6
Ans. 4 0 3 6 2 5
IR
.S
.J
N
23
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Iit-jee Chemistry by n.j.

 Single Correct Type Questions :

(D) None of these

(A) +6, +5, 0 (B) +6, +6, +6

spherical 's' orbital and is less directional

Q.6 In which of following cases C–C bond length will be highest

The bond energy order of He2 and HeH is

Q.15 The bond angle in PH3 is -

(A) square planar, tetrahedral and see-saw

(D) trigonal bipyramidal, tetrahedral and square pyramidal

(B) 8 sigma, 2 pi bond and 2 lone pairs

1. ClO4 2. BF3 3. SO24 4. CO32

(A) 1, 2 (B) 1, 3 (C) 3, 4 (D) 1, 2

(A) Salicylaldehyde (B) Water (C) Acetaldehyde (D) Phenol

The total number of valence electrons in 4.2 g of

(A) 2.2 N (B) 4.2 N

N3 ion are

(C) Bond length in N2 is less than N2

Q.68 Bond order of Be2 is

(A) orbital (B)  orbital (C) * orbital (D) * orbtial

(A) 1 (B) 2 (C) 3

List-I (species) List-II (O–N–O angle)

(D) NO3 (4) 115º

Q.2 Which (have) zero value of dipole moment ?

(A) XeF4 (B) CHCl3 (C) CO2 (D) Cl Cl

Q.4 Which of the following have dipole mement ?

Q.19 The linear structure is assumed by :

(B) Al(OH)4 has a regular tetrahedral geometry

Q.23 Shape of NH3 is very similar to :

Q.30 The octet rule is not obeyed in :

Q.44 The structure of XeF6 is :

 State whether each statements is T or F, if F rectify.

 Fill in the blank type questions :

16. Maximum ionization energy stands for _____________ .

 Passage Based Questions :

 Assertion Reason type questions :

Statement-2 : BF3 has sp -hyrbidization, whereas BF4 has sp -hybridization.

Statement-2 : In H2SO4, S has highest oxidation state.

 M atch the Column type questions :

Q.29 Column-I Column-II

(C) O2 (R) 2.5

 Choose the correct alternative(onlyone correct answer).

Q.3 In the dichromate anion [JEE 99]

(A) (B) (C) (D)

Q.3 Increasing strengtht of H-bonding. (X ……H – X) O, S, F, Cl, N

Q.1 (i) T (ii) F

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