EVOLUTION OF

FASHION
SUBMITTED BY:

BUNHAYAG, MARY DIANE

DE LEON, GISELLE

FABROS, NOELLE NICOLE

CONDE, JAN PHILIX

PAMA, OLIVER
“What you wear is how you present yourself to the world, especially
today when human contacts go so fast. Fashion is instant language.”

– Miuccia Prada
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

Chapter I. Introduction ………………………….…………………………

1

Chapter II. The 1100s Fashion ………………….…………………………2

Chapter III. The 1200s Fashion …………………………………….…….. 3

Chapter IV. The 1300s Fashion …………………………………………... 4

Chapter V. The 1400s Fashion ……………….…………………..………. 5

Chapter VI. The 1500s Fashion ………….………………………..………

6

Chapter VII. The 1600s Fashion …………………………………………

7

Chapter VIII. The 1700s Fashion ……………………………..…………. 8

Chapter IX. The 1800s Fashion …………………………………………...

9

Chapter X. The 1900s Fashion

 A. 1900s ………………………………………….. 10
B. 1910s ………………………………………….. 11
C. 1920s ………………………………………….. 12
D. 1930s……………………………………………13
E. 1940s ……...…………………………………... 14
F. 1950s ……………………………………..…… 16
G. 1960s ………………………………………….. 17
H. 1970s ………………………………………….. 18
I. 1980s ………………………………………….. 19
J. 1990s ………………………………………….. 20

Chapter XI. The 2000s Fashion

A. 2000s ………………………………………...... 23
B. 2010s ………………………………………...... 36

Chapter XII. Fashion in the Philippines

A. Archaic Epoch …………………………………

53
B. Spanish Era …………………………………….
54
C. American Era …………………………………..
55
D. Commonwealth Era ……………………………
55
E. Year 1950s ……………………………………..
56
F. Year 1960s ……………………………………..
57
G. Year 1970s…………………………………….. 58
H. Year 1980s ……………………………………..
58
I. Year 1990s ……………………………………..
59
 J. Year 2000s ……………………………………..
59
K. Year 2010s ……………………………………..
60

Chapter I. Introduction?

It is undeniable that fashion has been an intriguing issue to

everyone. “What’s the fashion trend this day? This month? Or this year?”
Some may even wonder about the styles of the past, comparing it to the
future ones. Through the different aspects in our society, or even the whole
world, fashion has been influenced greatly and is now fast evolving.

Fashion is a popular style or practice, especially in clothing,

footwear, accessories, makeup, or body. Fashion is a distinctive and often
constant trend in the style in which a person dresses (Wikipedia, 2017).
 This project is a compilation of the different fashion trends since
11th century until the current time. It will discuss the different aspects that
influenced the changes of fashion through the years. And we have included
the fashion here in the Philippines.

1
Chapter II. The 1100s Fashion
 1100-1200 in Europe, fashion
was simple and differed only in details
from the clothing of the preceding
centuries. Men wore knee-length tunics
for most activities, and men of the upper
classes wore long tunics, with hose and
mantles or cloaks. Women wore long
tunics or gowns. A close fit to the body,
full skirts, and long flaring sleeves were
characteristic of upper-class fashion for
both men and women.

2
Chapter III. The 1200s Fashion

Costume during this century in Europe was very simple for both men and
women, and quite uniform across the continent. Male and female clothing were
relatively similar, and changed very slowly, if at all. Most clothing, especially
outside the wealthier classes, remained little changed from three or four centuries
earlier. The century saw great progress in the dyeing and working of wool, which
was by far the most important material for outerwear. For the rich, colour and rare
fabrics such as silk from the silkworm was very important. Blue was introduced
and became very fashionable, being adopted by the Kings of France as their
heraldic colour.

c. 1200
The woman is wearing a black wool surcoat over
a lpleated chainse, and a porkpie hat over her hair.
This style of a loose, vertical gown was frequent
in the Medieval Period. The man is wearing a
particolored cotehardie and a surgarloaf hat, all
over his hose and leather shoes.

c. 1250
The woman is wearing a pale green
cotehardie with a full skirt and sleeves
over a maroon chainse. Belts were often
worn as in this picture to hold up the skirts
and allow for freer movements. Low-
waisted belts would remain the fashion
until the late fourteenth century. She is
also wearing a chatelaine to carry
household items. She wears a gorget and
wimple over her hair and neck. The man
wears a fur houppeland with the leather on
the outside and a leather belt with another form of a chatelaine.

Chapter IV. The 1300s Fashion

 Europe was marked by the beginning of a period of experimentation with
different forms of clothing. The draped garments and straight seams of previous
centuries were replaced by curved seams and the beginnings of tailoring, which
allowed clothing to more closely fit the human form. Also, the use of lacing and
buttons allowed a more snug fit to clothing.

In the course of the century the length of female hem-lines progressively

reduced, and by the end of the century it was fashionable for men to omit the long
loose over-garment of previous centuries altogether, putting the emphasis on a
tailored top that fell a little below the waist—a silhouette that is still reflected in
men's costume today.
c. 1300
The woman is wearing a sideless or cutaway
surcoat laced up the front over a blue cotehardie.
This style of surcoat was looked down on by the
church because it accentuated the feminine figure.
Her hair is worn loose down her back, usually only
acceptable for younger women and girls. The man
is wearing a short green cotehardie and an orange
chaperon with a long liripipe attached. The points
of his shoes are a bit more elongated, and they
would continue to get more and more so
throughout the period.

c. 1350
The woman wears a pelicon made from a huge
piece of elliptical fabric with slits cuts for the
arms and head. A hood is attached to the neck
and buttons down the front. She also wears a
wimple over her hair. At this point wearing hair
loosely and uncovered was considered
unacceptable, which eventually gave rise to
elaborate headdresses. The man wears a short
cotehardie and hose under a tabard faced with
fur. His cap is draped with woolen clot.
4
Chapter V. The 1400s Fashion
 Europe was characterized by a series of extremes and extravagances,
from the voluminous gowns called houppelandes with their sweeping floor-length
sleeves to the revealing doublets and hose of Renaissance Italy. Hats, hoods, and
other headdresses assumed increasing importance, and were swagged, draped,
jewelled, and feathered.

As Europe continued to grow more prosperous, the urban middle classes,

skilled workers, began to wear more complex clothes that followed, at a distance,
the fashions set by the elites. It is in this time period that we begin to see fashion
take on a temporal aspect. People could now be dated by their clothes, and being
in "out of date" clothing became a new social concern. National variations in
clothing seem on the whole to have increased over the 15th century.

c. 1400
The man wears a red houppeland with dagged
dalmation sleeves and a chaperon which is
also dagged. The woman wears a dress with
a style very popular in this period. The
neckline forms a deep V to the waistband,
with a ruched bib underneath coming up
higher to the neckline. The blue gown is
trimmed with red velvet. This style of gown
was often known as a “Burgundian gown.”
She wears a hennin with a butterfly styled
veil.

c. 1450
The man wears a short pourpoint jacket lined
with fur. His hat is trimmed with a gold coronet.
The woman wears an escoffion with a veil and
gold ribbon attached. Her brocade gown has fur-
lined dalmation sleeves. Jewels and gold were
often used to line clothing of the nobility as a
means to display wealth.

Chapter VI. The 1500s Fashion

5

8
 Fashion in Western Europe is
marked by voluminous clothing worn
in an abundance of layers. Contrasting
fabrics, slashes, embroidery, applied
trims, and other forms of surface
ornamentation became prominent. The
tall, narrow lines of the late Medieval
period were replaced with a wide
silhouette, conical for women with
breadth at the hips and broadly square
for men with width at the shoulders.
Sleeves were a center of attention, and
were puffed, slashed, cuffed, and turned
back to reveal contrasting linings.

Chapter VII. The 1600s Fashion

6
 Fashion in Western European
clothing is characterized by the
disappearance of the ruff in favour of
broad lace or linen collars. Waistlines
rose through the period for both men and
women. Other notable fashions included
full, slashed sleevesand tall or broad hats
with brims. For men, hose disappeared in
favour of breeches.

The artist Rubens with his first

wife c. 1610. Her long, rounded
stomacher and jacket-like bodice are
characteristic Dutch fashions. The
silhouette, which was essentially close to
the body with tight sleeves and a low,
pointed waist to around 1615, gradually softened and broadened. Sleeves became
very full, and in the 1620s and 1630s were often paned or slashed to show the
voluminous sleeves of the shirt or chemise beneath.

Spanish fashions remained very conservative. The ruff lingered longest in

Spain and the Netherlands, but disappeared first for men and later for women in
France and England.

The social tensions leading to the English Civil War were reflected in
English fashion, with the elaborate French styles popular at the courts of James I
and his son Charles I contrasting with the sober styles in sadd or somber colours
favoured by Puritans and exported to the early settlements of New England.

In the early decades of the century, a trend among poets and artists to
adopt a fashionable pose of melancholia is reflected in fashion, where the
characteristic touches are dark colours, open collars, unbuttoned robes or doublets,
and a generally disheveled appearance, accompanied in portraits by world-weary
poses and sad expressions.

7
Chapter VIII. The 1700s Fashion
 In European and European-influenced countries is characterized by a
widening silhouette for both men and women following the tall, narrow look of the
1680s and 90s. Wigs remained essential for men of substance, and were often
white; natural hair was powdered to achieve the fashionable look. Distinction was
made in this period between full dress worn at court and for formal occasions, and
undress or everyday, daytime clothes. As the decades progressed, fewer and fewer
occasions called for full dress, which had all but disappeared by the end of the
century.

8
Chapter IX. The 1800s Fashion

Fashion in the period 1795–1820 in European and European-influenced

countries saw the final triumph of undress or informal styles over the brocades,
lace, periwigs and powder of the earlier 18th century. In the aftermath of the
French Revolution, no one wanted to appear to be a member of the French
aristocracy, and people began using clothing more as a form of individual
expression of the true self than as a pure indication of social status.

1820s in European and European - influenced

countries, fashionable women's clothing styles
transitioned away and re-adopted elements that
had been characteristic of most of the 18th
century, such as full skirts and visible corseting of
the natural waist. The silhouette of men's fashion
changed in similar ways: by the mid-1820s coats
featured broad shoulders with puffed sleeves, a
narrow waist, and full skirts. Trousers were worn
for smart day wear, while breeches continued in
use at court and in the country.

9
Chapter X. The 1900s Fashion

Dress designed by Charles Frederick Worth

for Elisabeth of Austria painted by Franz
Xaver Winterhalter

A. 1900s

Fashionable lady of the era: portrait by

Giovanni Boldini showing Elizabeth Wharton
Drexel in 1905.
Conspicuous waste and conspicuous
consumption defined the fashions of the decade
and the outfits of the couturiers of the time were
incredibly extravagant, ornate, and
painstakingly made. The curvaceous S-Bend
silhouette dominated fashion up 16 until around
1908. The S-Bend corset was very tightly laced
at the waist which forced the hips back and the
drooping mono bosom was thrust forward in a
pouter pigeon effect creating an S shape.
Toward the end of the decade this fashionable
silhouette gradually became somewhat more
straight and slim, partly due to Paul Poiret's
high-waisted, shorter-skirted Directoire line of
clothes.
10
 B. 1910s

During the early years of the 1910s the

fashionable silhouette became much more lithe and
fluid, and softer than in the 19th century. The Art
Deco movement began to emerge at this time and its
influence was evident in the designs of many
couturiers of the time. Simple felt hats, turbans, and
clouds of tulle replaced the styles of headgear
popular in the 20th century.

Changes in dress during World War I were

dictated more by necessity than fashion. As more and
more women were forced to work, they demanded
clothes that were better suited to their new activities.
Social events had to be postponed in favor of more pressing engagements and the
need to mourn the increasing numbers of dead, visits to the wounded, and the
general gravity of the time meant that darker colors became the norm. A new
monochrome look emerged that was unfamiliar to young women in comfortable
circumstances. By 1915 fashionable skirts had risen above the ankle and then later

to mid-calf.

11
 C. 1920s

Soon after the First

World War, a radical
change came about in
fashion. Bouffant coiffures
gave way to short bobs,
dresses with long trains
gave way to above-the-
knee pinafores. A bustless,
waistless silhouette
emerged and aggressive
19
dressing-down was
mitigated by feather boas,
embroidery, and showy
accessories. The flapper style (known to the French as the 'garçonne' look) became
very popular among young women. The cloche hat was widely worn and
sportswear became popular with both men and women during the decade, with
designers like Jean Patou and Coco Chanel popularizing the sporty and athletic
look.
 In menswear there
was a growing mood of
informality, among the
Americans especially, which
20

12
was mirrored in fashions that emphasized youthfulness and relaxation. In the past,
there was a special outfit for every event in the well-dressed gentleman's day, but
young men in the 1920s, no longer afraid to show their youthfulness, began to
wear the same soft wool suit all day long. Short suit jackets replaced the old long
jackets of the past which were now only worn for formal occasions. Men had a
variety of sport clothes available to them, including sweaters and short pants,
commonly known as knickers. For evening wear a short tuxedo was more
fashionable than the tail-coat, which was now seen as somewhat old-fashioned.
The London cut, with its slim lines, loose-fitting sleeves, and padded shoulders,
perfected by the English tailor Scholte, was very popular.

Fair Isle patterns became very popular for both sexes. Heels, at the time,
were often over two inches high and helped popularize the two-tone shoe its one of
her trademarks.

D. 1930s
 13

In the 1930s, as the public began to feel the effects of the Great
Depression, many designers found that crises were not the time for
experimentation. Fashion became more compromising, aspiring to preserve
feminism's victories while rediscovering a subtle and reassuring elegance and
sophistication. Overall, 1930s clothing was somber and modest, reflecting the
difficult social and economic situation of the decade. Women's fashions moved
away from the brash, daring style of the 1920s towards a more romantic, feminine
silhouette. The waistline was restored, hemlines dropped to nearly ankle-length,
there was renewed appreciation of the bust, and backless evening gowns and soft,
slim-fitting day dresses became popular. The female body was remodeled into a
more neo-classical shape, and slim, toned, and athletic bodies came into vogue.
The fashion for outdoor activities stimulated couturiers to manufacture what would
today be referred to as "sportswear." The term "ready-to-wear" was not yet widely
in use, but the boutiques already described such clothes as being "for sport". In
place of the bobbed flapper haircut, the standard women's hairstyle of the 1930s
was a modest, short perm.

E. 1940s
 Many fashion houses closed during the occupation of Paris during World War
II. In the enormous moral and intellectual re-education program undertaken by the
French state, couture was not spared. In contrast to the stylish, liberated
Parisienne, the Vichy regime promoted the model of the wife and mother—a
robust, athletic young woman—a figure much more consistent with the new
regime's political agenda. Meanwhile, Germany was taking possession of over half
of what France produced, including high fashion, and was considering relocating
French haute couture to Berlin and Vienna.
14
Due to difficult times, hemlines crept
upward in both evening wear and day
wear, the latter of which was made using
substitute materials whenever possible.
From 1940 onward, no more than four
meters (thirteen feet) of cloth was
permitted to be used for a coat and a little
over one meter (three feet) for a blouse.
No belt could be over 3 centimetres (one
and a half inches) wide. Despite this,
haute couture did its best to keep its flag
flying. Humor and frivolity became a
popstar way of defying the occupying
powers and couture survived. Permed hairstyles remained standard, although
during the '40s, this evolved into a bobbed roll along the lower part of the hairline.
 During the Occupation, the only true way for a woman to flaunt her
extravagance or add color to a drab outfit was to wear a hat. In this period, hats
were often made of scraps of material that would otherwise have been thrown
away, including bits of paper and wood shavings. Among the most innovative
milliners of the time were Pauline Adam, Simone Naudet, Rose Valois, and Le
Monnier.
15
F. 1950s
 Flying in the face of continuity, support and logic, and erudite sociological
predictions, fashion in the 1950s, far from being revolutionary and progressive,
used more from the previous decade. Despite the fact that women had the right to
vote, to work, and to drive their own cars, they chose to wear dresses made of
opulent materials, with
corseted waists and
swirling skirts to mid-calf.
As fashion looked to the
past, haute couture
experienced something of
a revival and spawned a
myriad of star designers
who profited hugely from
the rapid growth of the
media.

16
G. 1960s
 After 30 years of conservative clothing styles, the '60s saw a kind of
throwback to the 1920s with women once again adopting a childlike look with
bobbed haircuts and progressively less modest clothing. At the start of the decade
skirts were knee-length, but steadily became shorter and shorter until the mini-skirt
emerged in 1965. By the end of the decade they had shot well above the stocking
top, making the transition to tights inevitable.

The basic shape and style of the time was simple, neat, trim, and colorful.
Hats had already begun their decline in the previous decade and were now almost
completely extinct except for special occasions. Lower kitten heels were a pretty
substitute to stilettos. Pointed toes gave way to chisel shaped toes in 1961 and to
an almond toe in 1963. Flat boots also became popular with very short dresses in
1965 and eventually they rose up the leg and reached the knee.

The '60s for the first time saw a widespread assortment of popular hairstyles,
including bobs, pageboy cuts, and beehives.

The principal change in menswear in the 1960s was in the weight of the
fabric used. The choice of materials and the method of manufacture produced a
suit that, because it was lighter in weight, had a totally different look, with a line
that was closer to the natural shape of the body, causing men to look at their
figures more critically. The spread
17 of jeans served to accelerate a radical change in
the male wardrobe. Young men grew their hair down to their collars and added a

29
touch of color, and even floral motifs, to their shirts.
The polo neck never succeeded in replacing the tie,
but the adoption of the workman's jacket in rough
corduroy, and especially the mao jacket proved to be
more than simply a political statement. A few
futuristic rumblings were set off by Pierre Cardin
and Andre Courrèges, but the three-piece suit still
survived intact.

H. 1970s

Nicknamed the 'me' decade; 'please yourself' was the catchphrase of the
1970s. Some saw it as the end of good taste. The decade began with a continuation
of the hippie look of the late 1960s, with kaftans, Indian scarves, and floral-print
tunics. Jeans remained frayed and bell-bottomed, tie dye was still popular, and the
fashion for unisex mushroomed. An immense movement claiming civil rights for
blacks combined with the influence of soul music from the USA created a
nostalgia for Africa and African culture. A radical chic emerged in everything from
afro hairstyles to platform soles.18After 1975, fashions came to be dominated by the
"disco look" which included feathered women's haircuts and on men, the three-
piece leisure suit. Bell-bottomed pants would remain popular through the entire
decade.

I. 1
9
8
0
s

19
 The society of the 1980s no longer
criticized itself as consumerist, but was,
instead, interested in 'the spectacle'. The
self-conscious image of the decade was very
good for the fashion industry, which had
never been quite so à la mode. Fashion
shows were transfigured into media-
saturated spectaculars and frequently
televised, taking high priority in the social
calendar. Appearance was related to performance, which was of supreme
importance to a whole generation of young urban professionals, whose desire to
look the part related to a craving for power. The way in which men and women
associated with the latest styles was no more a matter of passive submission but
disco music rapidly fell out of favor as the decade began, along with its associated
clothing styles. By 1982, the last traces of 1970s fashion were gone.

During the 1980s,

the mullet became the
standard men's haircut and
women sported large,
square-cut perms although
there were many variations
of both. Jumpsuits became
a popular element of
female clothing and on
men, skinny neckties and
wraparound sunglasses.
Also during the '80s,
aerobics were in vogue and so brought into style Spandex leggings and headbands.

J. 1990s

In the 1990s it was no longer the done thing to follow fashion slavishly, a
sharp contrast to the highly a la mode 1970s and 1980s. The phobia of being
20
underdressed was finally completely displaced by the fear of overdressing.
Fashion in the 1990s united around a new standard, minimalism, and styles of
stark simplicity became the vogue. Despite the best efforts of a few designers to
keep the flag for pretty dresses flying, by the end of the decade the notion of
ostentatious finery had virtually disappeared. As well as the styling of the product,
its promotion in the media became crucial to its success and image. The financial
pressures of the decade had a devastating effect on the development of new talent
and lessened the autonomy enjoyed by more established designers.

21
Clothes by ready-to-wear retailers such as The Gap, Banana Republic, and Eddie
Bauer came to the forefront of fashion, managing to tap into the needs of women
who simply wanted comfortable, wearable clothes.

22
Chapter XI. The 2000s Fashion

A. Year 2000s
Women’s Fashion
1. Y2K fashion
When the 2000s kicked off, the fashion
was profoundly influenced by technology. There
was a monochromatic futuristic approach to
fashion, with metallics, shiny blacks, heavy use
of gray, straps, and buckles becoming
commonplace. The apparel was made to be as
dark, reflective, technological, and as sexy as
possible. When the original iPod was introduced
in 2001, the earbuds, as well as the gadget itself,
became something of an accessory for early
adopters. The excitement of entering the new
millennium had become evident in fashion in
the first couple of years, although this was only
prominent in nightclub and "going out" attire.
Clothing was mostly made in black, though
silver was also fashionable. An example of this
would be a tracksuit, Rockport boots, a dress shirt, a pair of pants, a camp shirt, or
a jacket in a fancy metallic pattern for going out; while also compromising of
items such as leather coats and pants, puffy vests and jackets, ribbed sweaters and
shirts, and chunky dress shoes, usually in futuristic colors
such as black, silver, light gray, and white.
2. Casual chic
In Europe, North America, East Asia, South America,
and Oceania, the early 2000s saw the continuation of
many mid and late 1990s fashions due to the continued
influence of teen pop stars such as Britney
Spears and Christina Aguilera, such as the military look,
while introducing newer more vaguely dystopian post
modern trends. From 2001 onwards (post 9/11), women
wore long-sleeved shirts with bell sleeves, cowl-neck
tops, crop tops, Burberry, hoodies, flare jeans, hip-
huggers, low rise pants, white23jeans, whale tails, cargo
pants, hip-hop inspired sweatpants, daisy dukes, thong
underwear, and solid bright-colored tights.
 3. First-wave 1980s revival
Although the 1980s fashion
revival was not in full
swing until 2002, the first
movement had started in the
late 1990s and continued
into the early 2000s. This
first wave primarily focused
on the early 1980s. Such
trends that emerged during
this period included
denim miniskirts, ripped
"distressed" jeans, denim
jackets, tracksuits,
trenchcoats, puffy jackets,
and preppy polo
shirts with popped collars.
These remained popular until about 2008 when the revival of late 1980s fashions
occurred.
4. It items and 1960s revival
It items were very popular in the 2000s,
particularly the early and middle years.
Examples of some highly sought-after It
items of the mid 2000s included Kate
Spade wallets, Prada sneakers, Christian
Dior saddle bags, designer-brand jeans such
as True Religion low-rise boot-cut jeans
and 7 for all Mankind skinny jeans, Juicy
Couture velour tracksuits, Balenciaga cargo
pants, Von Dutch trucker hats, and Takashi
Murakami's collaboration with Louis
Vuitton for their iconic It bag.
Popular mid 2000s trends for women
were embroidered low-rise jeans, yoga
pants, thong underwear, cowl-neck tops, tube
24 jean
tops, denim jackets, bell-sleeved shirts,
shorts, crop tops, whale tails, tracksuits, cargo pants, capri pants, trenchcoats,
puffy jackets, longer tank tops worn with a main blouse or shirt, infantile
dresses, 1940s inspired New Look dresses and sandals, leggings, 1960s
style peacoats, tunics, worn with wide or thin belts, and "vintage clothing"
including hippie and Boho inspired dresses with paisley patterns. Crocs were a
brief fad for both sexes in the summer of 2006, despite their kitsch connotations,
and in 2006 the minidress made a comeback with the hemlines being unusually
short.
Introduced in 2005, skinny jeans became popular in 2006. High heeled shoes
were replaced with ballet flats, Sperry Top-Siders, Converse Chucks, and
the Keds popularized by Mischa Barton.
5. Military influences
From 2006 until the end of the decade, more
elaborate military inspired clothing became a
unisex trend in Britain, with a
visibly pirate influence. Due to the popularity
of the Pirates of the Caribbean films, and a
resurgence of interest in 1980s fashion, teen
and college age women frequently
wore cavalier boots, Greek fisherman's caps,
jewelry with anchor motifs, leather
look drainpipe trousers, frilly satin poet
shirts, sashes, harem pants, braided hussar
jackets, and dress
uniforms with epaulets, inspired by female pop
stars, British indie or garage rock band The
Libertines and MCR's The Black Parade.
6. African clothing
Throughout the mid and late
2000s, women's clothing in Africa comprised
either brightly colored kente cloth or mudcloth
traditional dress such as the boubou, pagne, and
doek, or secondhand Western dress donated and
distributed by British and American charities.
Mitumba clothing had been imported into
Tanzania and Kenya since the economic
liberalisation of the early 1990s, and was more
desirable than newly made Chinese25
textiles due
to its higher quality of construction and
recognisable brand labels.
7. Second wave 1980s revival
 Young woman in summer 2009
wearing all black clothes. In 2008, there
was a large scale 1980s revival in Europe
and the US, which incorporated general
items of late 1980s and early 1990s
streetwear, such as neon colors, gladiator
sandals, animal print or polka dot
headbands, knitted sweater
dresses, Nike Tempo shorts, wonderbra
and sloggi underwear, sundresses,
geometric pattern tops, slap bracelets,
ballet flats, black spandex leggings, pale
denim jeggings, light, translucent tartan
shirts worn with a camisole underneath,
kinky boots, riding boots, ripped acid wash
skinny jeans, and neon leg warmers worn
with bare legs and a dress or skirt.
In America, the crop tops that exposed
the navel were replaced with longer
camisole tops, boat neck blouses and mid rise pants, and miniskirts were replaced
with longer dresses like the babydoll, bubble skirt, skater dress, and sweater dress.
Long, baggy empire line shirts were taken in at the bustline and often paired with a
belt. Fur coats made a comeback, although many women used "fish fur" due to
real fur's association with animal cruelty. The canary yellow dress Reese
Witherspoon wore to the Golden Globes helped establish that hue as a signature
color in 2007.
8. Eastern and fairtrade fashion

26
 Summer 2007 saw a resurgence of interest
in ethnic fashion from India and the Middle East,
including harem pants, embroidered kurti,
silk sashes, sarongs, gypsy tops, and the saree as
young British and American women
discovered Bollywood cinema and belly dancing,
popularized by Shakira.
In Britain and the US, some younger women
and teen girls, especially those affiliated with
the scene subculture and geek chic, became
influenced by Japanese street fashion due to the
media coverage of Japanese popular
culture and J-pop music from 2005-09. Although
a small minority
wore anime or manga inspired sailor
dresses, kawaii or full gothic lolita outfits, most
incorporated a single garment such as striped
neon knee socks, petticoats, rainbow dresses,
knitted leg warmers, hair bows, silk floral kimono pajamas, unisex brands like A
Bathing Ape, and cupcake, cherry or Hello Kitty jewellery for an ageless, child or
doll-like appearance.
9. Activist chic
In Britain and Australia,
Middle Eastern shemaghs were worn
as scarves as a protest against the Iraq
War and demonstration of solidarity
with the Palestinians. In 2007, Che
Guevara chic was popular in Europe
and Latin America, with olive green
fatigue jackets, boonie hats, berets,
and T-shirts featuring red stars or the
face of the famous revolutionary.

Men’s Fashion 27

1. Y2K Fashion
 At the very beginning of the
decade, the excitement of entering
the new millennium had become
evident in fashion in the first
couple of years, although this was
only prominent in nightclub and
"going out" attire. Clothing was
mostly made in black, though
silver was also fashionable. An
example of this would be a
tracksuit, Rockport boots, a dress
shirt, a pair of pants, a camp shirt, or a jacket in a fancy metallic pattern for going
out; while also compromising of items such as leather coats and pants, puffy vests
and jackets, ribbed sweaters and shirts, and chunky dress shoes, usually in
futuristic colors such as black, silver, light gray, and white. It lasted from late 1999
until late 2001.
2. Leisurewear
After the events of 9/11, fashion
became more conservative, forgoing
the futuristic styles of before.
Distressed denim made a comeback,
with sandblasted highlights, frosted
jeans, ripped jeans, and whiskering
becoming commonplace. A lower rise
jean had emerged during this part of
the decade, effectively getting rid of
the high-waisted styles of the 1990s.
Generally, many fashion trends from 1995 onwards continued to be worn in
the early years of the decade. Newer fashion trends in the early 2000s included
wearing sportswear and military wear as everyday clothes. This
included tracksuits, light-colored polo shirts, cargo pants, khaki chinos, bootcut
jeans, corduroy pants, and rugby shirts. Practical hiking jackets, fleeces, puffer
jackets, and padded tartanlumberjack-type shirts were worn as winter
outerwear along with brown, grey, burgundy, rust, maroon, or forest
green turtleneck sweaters, and odd navy blue, stone grey, beige, or natural
28
linen sportcoats that fastened with three buttons. These fashions continued into the
mid and late 2000s.
 3. Asian fashions
From 2002 onwards, Astrakhan caps, kufis and
the pakol were fashionable among Muslim men in
Afghanistan, Pakistan, France and Italy. In India,
traditional rustic male attire such as
the dhoti and Lungi declined in popularity among
the younger generation in favor of Westernised
fashions such as Levi Strauss or Arvind Mills
jeans, cargo pants, shorts, tracksuits, and sneakers.
4. 1960s revival
In
the mid
2000s,
retro fashions inspired by British indie
pop, garage rock revivalist groups, and
the 1960s mod culture gained
mainstream popularity. From 2004 to
2006, common items of clothing in the
US and Europe included bootcut jeans
with a light wash, wide-leg pants, cargo
pants, cargo shorts, camp shirts with
elaborate designs, vintage Classic rock T-shirts, throwback uniforms, T-shirts
bearing retro pre-1980 advertisements or street art, army surplus dress uniforms,
paisley shirts, Mod-style velvet sportcoats, parkas, windbreakers Harris tweed
jackets, and fitted 1970s-style Western shirts with pearl snaps.
5. Retro movie inspirations
In 2004, men's fashion was inspired by movies from the 1960s and 1980s. Of
particular inspiration were the movies Top Gun, Bullitt, and Midnight Cowboy.
The clothes which were derived from these movies included Henley shirts, muscle
shirts, hoodies, cargo pants, American football shirts, aviator jackets, cable-knit
sweaters, khakis, seersucker suits, western shirts, blazers, and peacoats.
Popular men's accessories of the mid 2000s included black brogue
shoes, square-toed Steve Madden ankle boots, Adidas sneakers, loafers, casual
shoes, Oxford dress shoes,[108] Converse All Stars, winklepickers, flip-
flops, chokers, puka shell necklaces,
29 shell bracelets, hemp jewelry, charity
bracelets, trucker hats, and earrings.
 6. Business suits

In the UK workplace, black,

navy or charcoal pinstripe
three-buttoned office suits
remained common, but
Nehru suits or mandarin
collar shirts inspired by the
Beatles, James Bond, and science fiction movies like the Matrix, were a popular
alternative from 2003–06. In the
US, men favored the smart casual
look, with striped purple dress
shirts, flat front charcoal chinos,
beige cardigans, Argyll pullovers,
black or brown
leather blazers, and houndstooth s
portcoats.
7. Throwback fashions
In the late 2000s, 1950s and
1980s fashions became
popular: Letterman jackets, black leather jackets like the Perfecto, windbreakers,
dashiki or Hawaiian shirts, ski jackets, slim and straight leg
jeans, wool topcoats, Ed Hardy T-shirts with low necklines, neoncolors inspired by
the rave scene, roll sleeve tartan flannel shirts worn with white T-
shirts, cardigans and knitted V-neck sweaters.
8. Ed Hardy
30
Dennis Rodman wearing an Ed Hardy
shirt, and Donald Trump wearing a
navy blue two button suit in 2009
Due to the mainstream
acceptance of body modification, T
shirts, baseball caps and hoodies
featuring vintage tattoo designs were
desirable items in the US, Britain and
India, where they were worn with
black leather jackets, oversized belt
buckles, gold chains, and dark slim-fit
jeans by celebrity trendsetters such
as Jon Gosselin or the cast of Jersey
Shore. V-neck T shirts and graphic
printed hoodies became popular among
younger British men, in contrast to the
designer brands with prominent logos
previously worn by the chav
subculture. Ed
Hardy T-shirts, often embellished with rhinestones, were
fashionable from late 2008 until the mid-2010s, when
they fell out of favour due to their unintended popularity
among young clubgoers stereotyped for being thugs,
jocks or guidos.
9. Slim- fit suits
In the European workplace, the cut of suits
changed, as the three buttoned jackets popular in the
1990s were replaced with 1950s inspired suits
comprising a two-buttoned blazer and matching trousers
while in the US the power suit made a comeback.
Single- breasted European suits sometimes
featured contrasting Edwardian style piping on the
lapels and were often worn with slim ties and
waistcoats.
31
Youth fashion
1. Hip hop
 The clothing of American hip hop
fans underwent an evolution from
the sagging baggy gangster jeans of the
late 1990s to a more retrolook by the
end of the decade. Popular items of
clothing included wide leg
jeans, baseball jackets, Nike Air
Jordans, tracksuits, sweatpants, bucket
hats, stunna shades, fur-lined puffer
jackets, and flat-brim trucker
hats or baseball caps.
During the early 2000s, many
wealthy
white jocks and preppies imitated the
gangsta lifestyle, eschewing the semi-
formal conservative look of the 1980s and 90s in favor of gold bling,
expensive designer clothes, sneakers, dark jeans, and sweatpants. Rich girls who
dressed this way were known as Queen Bees, plastics, or airheads, and believed
their designer clothing was key to being popular.
Another common American subculture were the cholos and chicanos who
wore baggy khaki slacks, gold chains, white T-shirts, and slicked back hair or
shaved heads in imitation of Mexican prison gangs.
2. Chavs and moshers
In the early 2000s, the most common British subcultures were
the chavs and skate punks who had a (sometimes violent) rivalry. Chavs
favored hip hop fashions like tracksuits, burberry baseball caps,
white Nike or Adidas trainers, and cheap sportswear made by Reebok or Puma.
Common haircuts included spiky hair, a fauxhawk, a heavily gelled quiff, or (for
girls) a Croydon facelift.
The skaters (nicknamed grebos or moshers) had long hair or dreadlocks and
wore grunge inspired padded flannel overshirts and baggy pants as these were less
likely to rip when skateboarding. Popular clothing included No Fear T-shirts,
webbing belts, army surplus patrol caps, band T shirts, dog tags, shark tooth
necklaces, camouflage cargo pants, carpenter jeans, tuques, and fingerless gloves
in dark colors like black, olive drab, burgundy, and navy blue. From 2001-2007,
brands favoured by British skaters
32 and their American counterparts included
Quiksilver, Inc., Bape hoodies, Volcom, Element Skateboards, Billabong
International Limited, Zoo York Skateboard Company, O'Neill, Bullhead jeans,
Vans sneakers, Pacific Sunwear and Journeys.
 3. Nu metal, rave, and goth

In
America,
common

subcultures of the early 2000s included the nu

metal fans and goths who wore black leather duster
coats and tripp pants.
From the mid-2000s onwards, ravers favored spiky hair and phat pants, while
members of the cybergoth and rivethead subcultures opted for shaved heads,
synthetic neon dreadlocks, camouflage, tight leather pants, chains, platform boots,
stretched body piercings, sleeve tattoos, goggles, corsets, PVC or leather skirts,
and black trenchcoats decorated with metal studs.

4. 33
Psychobilly and rockabilly
 From the early-mid-2000s, black leather
jackets, cowboy boots and Levi's jeans were
popular in Scandinavia, Russia and Germany
among the hot rod, psychobilly and rockabilly
subcultures. Common hairstyles included the quiff,
pompadour, and psychobillymohican.
Later in the decade, it was popular for women
to dress like 1950s pin-up girls in polkadot dresses,
pencil skirts, sheath dresses, capri pants, platform
heels, 1940s style sandals, retro lingerie like garter
belts, stockings, babydolls, petticoats, slips, and
corsets, and (real or fake) old school tattoos. This
trend, popularised by models like Dita Von Teese,
gave rise to the popularity among both sexes of Ed
Hardy clothing which lasted from 2007 until 2012.
5. Indie and emo
In 2005, indie pop fashions went
mainstream in Europe and North America,
prompting a revival of 1960s mod and British
Invasionfashions, vintage or thrift store
clothing, and the popularization of activist
fashions like the keffiyeh. Other subcultures,
including American preppies and even rappers
like Kanye West, imitated indie fashions or
combined them with elements of Japanese
street style, like the Harajuku and Lolita
fashion popularized by Gwen Stefani.
The other notable youth group of the mid-
2000s were the emo kids, identifiable by their
black or purple hoodies, T-shirts featuring rock
bands like Fall Out Boy, My Chemical Romance, or Taking Back
Sunday. lowrise skinny jeans, snakebites, silver jewellery, and checkerboard
pattern Vans. Hair was thin, flat and straight, with long, matte bangs (US) or fringe
(UK), usually dyed black.

6. Scene kids 34
 By early 2009 the most
conspicuous subculture was the
"scene kids." They originated in
Britain during the late-1990s when
some members of
the chav subculture began to
experiment with alternative
fashion, incorporated elements
of indie pop, emo, and spread to
America and Australia in the mid-
2000s. The style, originally
comprising tripp pants, stripes, tartan, spiky hair, Chucks, Vans, and trucker
hats derived from grunge and skate punk fashion, evolved to incorporate
androgynous, matted, flat and straight hair sometimes dyed bright colors, tight
jeans, cartoon print hoodies, shutter shades, promise rings, checked shirts, and lots
of bright colors. The name was originally derived from "scene queen", a
derogatory term within the 1970s glam rock scene for a heterosexual musician
who pretended to be gay and later applied to poseurs within the UK goth, heavy
metal and punk subcultures. Later, "scene queen" itself was adopted by leading
female members of the modern subculture who were unaware of its original
meaning, like supermodel Audrey Kitching.

B. Year 2010s
35
 The 2010s have thus far been defined by hipster fashion, a revival
of austerity-era period pieces and alternative fashions, 1980s-inspired neon colors,
since 2012, unisex early 1990s style elements influenced by grunge and skater
fashions.

Women’s Clothing
1. 1980s influences

The early 2010s saw many recycled

fashions from the 1950s, 1970s and 1980s as
designers from stores like Topshop replicated
original vintage clothing. In the United States,
it was popular to wear Gucci, Chanel,
or Versace designer clothing, and neon colors
such as pink, green, teal, black, purple, magenta
and yellow.

Popular tops for American, British and

Australian women aged 20–50 included tunics,
1980s style baseball jackets, oversized
cardigans, western shirts, 2fer and layered
shirts and tees, dresses and shirts worn with
belts, Perfecto motorcycle jackets customized with studs, floral camisoles worn
with matching boyshorts, and sundresses. European women wear sparkly dresses,
baggy one-size-fits-all Empire line skirts, blouses and dresses, and lace, figure-
hugging white organza maxi dresses inspired by Pippa Middleton.

From 2010 to 2013 many late 2000s fashion trends remained popular in
Europe, the United States, East Asia, Israel, and South America, especially acid
wash skinny jeans, "trouser-dresses", romper suits, preppy pastel colored skinny
jeans, metallic dresses, and capri pants cropped at the ankle. Possibly due to the
poor economy in the early years, the midi skirt and the maxi skirt were the most
common skirt and dress styles, with the hemline standards being the longest they
had been since The Great Depression.

2. Tribal fashions and 1990s revival

36
. From late 2012 onward, 1990s
inspired fashion began to make a comeback
in the UK, USA, Philippines, India, and
Australasia among women aged 18–30.
Popular upper apparel included ugly
sweaters, khaki superdry trenchcoats, T-sh
irts with blazers, plaid, oversized flannel
shirts worn or tied around the waist,
oversized T-shirts, padded gilets, Penshoppe
skater skirts, skorts, crew neck sweaters,
destroyed acid wash Balmain jeans, and crop
tops In the UK and the US, popular bottom
apparel includes skinny jeans, leggings,
parachute pants, railroad stripe pants or
skirts, boyfriend jeans, and high-waisted
shorts.

Desirable footwear from 2012-15 included flat sandals, stilettos, Keds

worn in ads by Mischa Barton, Ariana Grande and Taylor Swift, TOMS Shoes,
Chucks, Sperry top-siders boat shoes, flat knee high riding boots, Uggs,
moccasins, Hunter boots brand rain boots, one strap sandals, furry slip-on Puma
sandals, Ballerina flats, cavalier boots, gladiator sandals, wedge heel-style
sneakers, flip-flops, combat boots, Doc Martens, and The Timberland Company
hiking boots.

Other popular trends of the early and mid 2010s included Aztec and
Navajo inspired patterns featuring diamonds and triangles, especially on T shirts,
socks, handbags, panties, pullovers, and other knitwear. In addition, young
American women began wearing feather earrings, beaded bracelets, sneakers
resembling moccasins, ponchos, vests and jackets made from striped Mexican
blanket material, despite the connotations of cultural appropriation. These tribal
inspired garments, made popular by Urban Outfitters and Ralph Lauren, typically
came in bright colors like red, yellow, turquoise, blue, and orange.

3. Eastern fashions and carry-over styles

Many fashion trends from the early years of the decade, especially the 80s
influences and the 1960s inspired indie, neo-hippie and boho chiclooks, remained
relevant in the US and Europe as far as 2017. This included skinny jeans, tunics,
floral print dresses, midi and maxi skirts, motorcycle jackets, western shirts, red
37
and blue geometric
print blouses
patterned and solid
colored tights,
overalls, jogger
pants, flat boots,
stiletto shoes, high
waisted short shorts,
Nike Tempo shorts,
pastel and neon
colored shorts, ballet
flats, and combat
boots. Popular
colors from 2015-16
included mauve,
cream, eggplant,
lime green, and warm grey. In the UK, modestwear combined with elements of
hip-hop fashion,became popular among many young Muslim women, with long
skirts decorated with lace and beaded embroidery, colourful
floral hijabs, halal cosmetics free from animal products, knee length grey cardigan
sweaters worn over leggings, white trenchcoats worn with baggy
pants, keffiyehs worn as headscarves, black satin gowns worn with a long shawl
collar overcoat, purple kaftan dresses worn with high heeled shoes,
and abayas with retro 80s inspired zigzag patterns.

4. Monochromatic and printed clothing

By the mid 2010s neon
colors were out of style in
Europe, America and Australia,
and they were replaced by black,
white, various shades of gray,
and charcoal first on the catwalk,
and later as street fashion. Black
and white (sometimes red) Polka
dotblouses and dresses underwent
a revival in China and North
Korea in addition to chunky 90s
inspired platform heels. This
trend had spread to Middle
Eastern countries like Turkey, Iran and the United Arab Emirates by 2016, with

38
Italian brand Dolce and Gabbana launching a range of black and
white hijabs and abayas decorated with lace daisies, roses and lemons.

Monochromatic clothing trends from 2014 to 2017 included black and

white lace dresses, lace blouses, jackets and dresses with peter pan collars, blazers,
black or nude slip dresses, T shirt dresses, white babydoll dresses, bodycon midi
dresses, black and white striped "Beetlejuice" style slim-fit pants, long black
velvet blazers decorated with silver braid, tuxedo jackets (often having contrasting
black velvet or satin lapels), crop tops, oversized coats, striped culottes,
loose Capri pants and palazzo pants, patent leather gladiator sandals, romper suits,
puffer jackets and vests, knee-length skirts, pencil skirts, black and white
geometric printed leggings, and cuffed boyfriend jeans. Denim declined in
popularity in the US, with black or grey yoga pants, leggings, and slim-fit
fashionable jogger pants replacing them.
5. Hippie and Grunge influences

The early to mid 2010s

witnessed a revival of grunge
fashion in America with more of an
"edgy" interest of denim ripped
jeans and ripped jackets, flannels,
animal print coats, printed t-shirts
which were frequently color or stone
faded, black combat boots, biker
boots, and leather motorbike jackets.

Beginning in summer 2016,

there has been a revival of 70s fashion in the US, UK, India, and France, notably
of bell bottom style pants, Birkenstocks, gypsy blouses, palazzo pants, dresses
with cutouts, lace-up tops, crocheted crop tops, sweaters
and halternecks, and Bardot off the shoulder tops. The lace up trend was also
highly popular with footwear, largely because of Tunisian shoe designer Azzedine
Alaia. In America, women favor white, black, camel, warm grey, or blush sweater
dresses, thin turtlenecks popularised by The Kardashians, catsuits, jumpsuits,
playsuits or rompers, high necked Victorian inspired lace dresses with layers of
lace frills, and leather, tan or olive green duster coats. Solid wedge heels, Stuart
Weitzman knee boots, platform shoes and perspex heels, also known as the
"nothing shoe" became a popular trend in 2016.
6. 1970s revival
 In the spring of 2017, the brightly colored beige, red, green, brown and orange
70s revival fashions began to replace the grey and monochromatic 90s inspired
streetwear in Britain, India, North America and France. Particularly popular were
the sheepskin coats, moon boots, bell sleeved blouses and dresses with lace ruffles
and piecrust collars, uggs, flared double breasted trouser suits in black, purple,
cream, grey, and navy blue tartan, baggy floral maxi dresses reminiscent of pub
decor, blue gingham dresses, applique 39 cropped wide leg jeans, denim jackets with
embroidered red roses, pale denim shirt dresses worn unbuttoned over blouses
and light wash jeans, floppy hats, white sneakers, cream and brown
floral gypsy maxi skirts, distressed jeans, peacoats, brown granny boots,
pale dusky pink midi-dresses, white peplum dresses reminiscent of those worn
by Princess Leia, slightly flared jeans, white and blue floral print shirt
dresses, loosely woven plaid blouses, pleats, ruffles, stripes, mismatched earrings
popularised by Kate Moss, mandarin collar tops, purple dresses
with puffball sleeves, leather or PVC miniskirts, translucent yellow or orange cold
shoulder blouses, oversized paisley, suede or black vinyl handbags, embroidered
long sleeve T shirts, throws, Cowichan sweaters, fringed shift dresses, wraps,

gold brocade blazers, ponchos, fur lined parkas, silver sequined cocktail dresses,
geometric print blouses, floral Bridget Bardot minidresses and blouses with
flouncy sleeves, kimono jackets made from the same brightly colored silk as aloha
shirts, leather safari blazers, snakeskin or sequinned pants, cold shoulder tops,
40
peasant blouses, oversized hoop earrings, velvet blazers and dresses in pink, cobalt
blue, red, navy, gold, and forest green, fur vests, Jeremy Corbyn caps, camel wool
coats, hot pants, tunics, black velvet Nehru jackets with gold
braid, ghillies, Grecian sandals, and red, white, salmon, lavender or orange
crocheted jumpers. Unlike the original 70s garments, however, shirts and tops
continued to have relatively small collars. The pantywaist tops previously
fashionable as sportswear in the late 70s and early 80s, started to commonly
replace T shirts in the UK, US and South Africa, especially among pop stars and
models like Candice Swanepoel, Emily Ratajkowski, Nicki Minaj, and Beyoncé,
whose one-off bodysuits were modified from vintage Adidas and Chicago
Bulls jerseys. By way of Alessandro Micheleof Gucci's creative direction,
flat mule shoes, sandals and orange, brown or pink mule heels reminiscent of those
worn by Barbie dolls started making a resurgence in Italy and America from early
2017 onwards, sometimes featuring tiger embroidery, florals, beadwork, or furry
lining.

.
7. Mature look

By 2017, it had also become

fashionable for younger middle class
women in Britain and Finland[183] to
wear more "grown up"
or normcore styles, in reaction to the
previous mismatched hipster fashions
and the athleisure trend of 2014
which mixed traditional formal wear
with high end sportswear. Longer
plaid skirts, billowing white blouses,
vintagesheer black stockings with
garterbelts, bias cut midi skirts, pale
blue belted trenchcoats, Argyle
sweaters, silk blouses, sensible flat
shoes and sandals, straight leg jeans,
long powder blue coats worn with
matching pillbox hats, traditional style wool or silk scarves, blue or red
paisley Nehru collar coats of the type popularised by Zara, nude pantyhose, bows
similar to those worn by Margaret Thatcher, black velvet, blush and blue
denim mule slippers with bows, and baggy black capri pantsbecame popular in the
UK in response to the increasingly sexualised and misogynistic dress codes in
many workplaces (especially the compulsory wearing of high heels), and also due
to the influence of Kate Middleton and celebrity early adopters like Victoria

41
Beckham or Melania Trump who sought a more professional looking image in the
winter of 2016. Skinny jeans began to be replaced by straight leg jeans designed to
follow the contours of the body, and other accessories that declined in popularity
included chokers, gaudy brand labels, ripped jeans, patches, and pin badges due to
their childish connotations.
Men’s fashion

1. Neon colors

Neon colors and elaborate T-shirts were popular for much of the early 2010s,
especially graphic print hoodies, novelty socks, red or blue skinny jeans, studded
belts with large buckles, and Ed Hardy T-shirts embellished with rhinestones.

Many styles from the late 2000s remained fashionable in Europe, Australasia,
and the Americas, with brands such as Polo Ralph Laurenand J Crew being well
favored. Popular tops for men aged 20–50 included shawl collar cardigans, V-neck
T-shirts, acid washdenim work shirts, cable knit pullovers, Tartan flannel Western
shirts with snap fastenings, grunge style padded tartan overshirtsin red, navy blue
or dark green, throwback basketball or baseball uniforms, denim jackets, Aloha
shirts, car coats,[204] 1930s style linen sportcoats, brown or black brogues, and
black leather jackets like the Schott Perfecto motorcycle jacket.
 2. 1990s revival
In the summer of 2012, 1990s inspired fashion made a comeback in the UK
among men. This included bright colored short shorts, jeans shorts with a stone
wash or acid wash, shirts with Aztec patterns, Mayan patterns, camouflage prints
or animal prints, flannel shirts, high top sneakers, snapback hats, and gaudy
wristwatches. 42

In America, the trend caught on in 2013. The Grunge look had made a
comeback due to the influence of Steves Peeps, an artist from Boston. Common
upper items of clothing include bomber jackets, black leather jackets, crombie
overcoats, padded tartan overshirts, crewneck sweatshirts, oversized flannel shirts,
throwback basketball or baseball uniforms, and preppy Nantucket Reds. Other
popular accessories of the early 2010s included Doc Martens, The Timberland
Company, combat boots, Converse All Stars, Sperry Top-Siders, Ugg boots, Nike
Elite crew socks, snapback hats inspired by artists like Mac Miller, brown Oxford
shoes, and classic Nike trainers. Maroon baseball jackets and ringer Tees featuring
a specific sports team's logo were particularly popular in the Philippines due to the
widespread media coverage of the UAAP Games athletes.
3. Business casual

43
 The business casual look of the 1990s and
early 2000s remained common in many parts
of America, with jeans, loafers, boat shoes and
sneakers being seen as acceptable to wear in
the workplace. The decline in the formality of
men's fashion that started in the 1960s
continued until 2012, with men wearing
informal clothing on a regular basis, even at
work or while travelling, as an apparent
extension of Beau Brummell's older idea that
gentlemen shouldn't try to outshine the ladies
for attention. This contrasted to Britain, Italy,
Europe, and the urban Northeastern US, where
more formal Mad Men-inspired business
clothing such as slim-fitting grey two piece
suits had made a comeback in the workplace
during the early 2010s. At this time, tweed cloth sportcoats became acceptable
town wear, and business suits imitated the broad shouldered, form fitting styles of
the 1920s, sometimes with contrasting lapel piping.

4. Workwear and luxury sportswear

In 2014, men's fashion was heavily

influenced by the improving economy and
fashion-conscious cities such as London, New
York City, Paris, and Milan, as well as
imitating elements of luxury fashion
and sportswear. Bright colors, studded belts
and retro styled graphic printsly went out of
style in favor of plain black, white, beige,
taupe, gray, marl, burgundy, and various
shades of dark green. Common clothing items
in America, Britain and Russia included
tailored marl sweatpants, jersey shirts, chunky
hiking boots with thick soles, bomber jackets,
hoodies with Cyrillic lettering, shirts
with constructivist motifs, fake fur, tracksuits,
leather jackets, denim jackets, DHL T shirts, thick oversized anoraks,
unstructured blazers, double-breasted sportcoats, shorts riding above the knee
and jogger pants. Sales in floral print clothing designs for men more than
44
doubled amongst fashion retailers between 2013 and 2014.
 5. Formal business wear

In the UK, Italy, Australia and US, many professional men wear
grey mohair or houndstooth office suits, usually with two-button fastening, a
single vent, and narrow lapels inspired by the American TV show Mad
Men, Hannibal, and Daniel Craig as James Bond. Businessmen in Asian countries
like the Philippines generally followed the trend, but dispensed with the necktie in
favor of a semi-formal, simple shirt better suited to the hot tropical climate. As part
of the general 1980s revival, the waistcoat made a comeback as part of the three
piece suit in Europe and the US.[248] In the early 2010s these suits were
mostly charcoal grey, shiny steel grey and silver but by 2014 these were joined
by air force blue, navy blue, midnight blue, and sky blue.

Continuing on from the 2000s, fur ushanka and Astrakhan caps were often
worn at wintertime formal occasions in Russia, Georgia, Kashmir, and Pakistan as
both a symbol of national pride, and as a means of rejecting the excesses of
Westernising globalization. In Afghanistan and Uzbekistan, however, the wearing
of traditional dresssuch as the Astrakhan cap, kurta and pajama began to decline
among professionals in favor of a Western style suit and tie, as part of a wider
backlash against Hamid Karzai's regime.

45
 6. African fashion

The mid 2010s witnessed the

beginnings of Africa's own haute
couture due to increased restriction
on secondhand mitumba clothingin
Kenya and Uganda. Contemporary
clothing in Africa is often cut to
unisex Western patterns but uses
indigenous fabric associated with
folk costume, such as a sportcoat
made from striped kikoy fabric, a
shirt made from kente cloth, or the
silk Madiba shirtspopularised in
South Africa by Nelson Mandela.
At the same time, some aspects of
traditional attire such as wooden
jewelery or the Dashiki were worn
by expatriate Africans in the West,
African Americans, and some
liberal white Americans.

In South Africa and the Congo, Dandies known as sapeurs and swenkas
began imitating the wardrobes of the previous colonialist regime, by importing
expensive modern three piece designer suits and customising them with vintage
accessories such as the fedora, spats, bowtie and cane.
 7. Relaxed look

By spring2017, fashion designers in the US

began to move away from the slim fitting casual
attire of the previous year, and frequently combined
business casual pieces with sportswear. Brown
replaced black as the most popular color for leather
jackets, and common accessories included orange
hoodies, black track pants, faded jeans covered in
iron-on patches, black or white leather hi-tops,
Timberland boots, navy blue wool coach jackets,
graphic print tees featuring a small statement
design, dark flannel sportcoats, cambric shackets,
or camouflage jackets layered46 over cardigans or
Alpine patterned sweaters, and white
Adidas sneakers. Baggy jeans were reintroduced, including the cargo style with
external pockets, skate shoes declined in popularity, and long tweed coats became
popular.

8. 1970s and Britpop influences

Beginning in March 2017, clothing

inspired by 1990s Britpop, mod revival
and early 1970s fashion became popular
among young men in the UK, Australia,
Canada, Ireland, Italy and France,
especially in beige, cream, sand, orange,
blue, brown, dark green, ecru, red,
pistachio, and complementary neutral
tones. Desirable items included suede
cowboy boots and winklepickers, stone
grey suits with Teddy Boy inspired velvet
shawl collars, retro black and
red sneakers, Chelsea boots with
contrasting red and blue elastic,
striped dress shirts, sailor T shirts with
vertical navy blue stripes, navy and red track jackets, two button
cream trenchcoats, six button polo shirts, natural suede chukka boots, sunflower
print button-down shirts, white T shirts with orange and blue color blocks,
turquoise dip dye swimshorts, military chic parkas, wool overcoats, navy blue
straw trilby hats, short sleeved cardigans, red Doc Martens, houndstooth or Prince
of Wales check sportcoats, pants with a contrasting red stripe, lightweight nautical
inspired navy peacoats, embroidered silk souvenir jackets featuring birds, skulls,
dragons or tigers, bomber jackets with orange linings, Converse modernsneakers
in silver, red, royal blue, or green, muted Aloha shirts worn over plain T shirts,
brown flying jackets, corduroy pants, beige anoraks, pale denim slim-fit jeans and
chinos, checked button down shirts in pink, blue, orange, red, and white with
oversized Cuban collars, cropped black high waisted pants, Henley shirts, grey T
shirts, preppystriped polo shirts with wider collars, double strap combat boots,
and psychedelic floral print shirts frequently worn tucked into the pants.

47
Youth fashion

1. Hipsters and steampunks

By the early 2010s, British, American, and

Filipino indie clothing had moved away from
the bright colors and overt 1960s styling of the
mid-2000s in favor of a more "grown up"
intellectual look, with 1990s style earth-tones
like grey, burgundy, brown, teal, and beige.
Tweed jackets, skinny chino trousers, dress
boots, 2fer and layered shirts and tees, cardigan
sweaters, nerdy horn-rimmed glasses, sweaters,
thick wool socks, worker boots, leggings, and
beanies replaced the winklepickers, velvet
jackets, Aviator sunglasses, and skinny ties
typically worn by indie rock bands, although
vintage Western shirts, leather jackets, military
dress uniforms, homemade jewelery, and thrift store chic plaid shirts remained
popular in Europe. Drop crotch pants, designed by the Danish brand Hümor,
became more and more popular in Europe amongst hipsters and hip hop fans, who
replaced their skinny jeans and carpenter jeans with "old school but modern" style.

2. Classic preppy
 During the early 2010s, American preppy
men moved away from the hip-hop influenced
fashions of the early 2000s and begun to dress
in a more classic 1950s Ivy League style with
sweaters, Sperry Top-Sider boat shoes, Aran
sweaters, cardigans, Oxford shirts, Cricket
pullovers, wingtips, stripy polo shirts, hats like
the fedora, khaki or pastel colored Vineyard
Vines, Nantucket Reds, white or bright pastel
color socks worn with sneakers and Sperry
Top-Sider boat shoes, colored jeans, white Nike
Elite crew socks, baseball jackets, khaki shorts,
and tapered chinos.

3.
48
Skater and sneakerhead
fashion

In America, Britain, Australia,

Ethiopia and the Philippines, many
skaters wore designer streetwear
such as joggers, hoodies, backwards
baseball caps, and tracksuits in
addition to the typical plaid shirts,
ripped jeans and trucker hats.
Common brands from 2012-15
included Diamond Supply Co.,
Hollister, The Hundreds, OBEY bar
logo T-shirts and snapback hats,
Vans, Converse All Stars, cannabis, camouflage or foliage print shirts, Levi's jeans,
Nike, LRG, DGK, Adidas Skateboarding and Originals apparel and shoes, and T-
shirts featuring the Santa Cruz Skateboards screaming hand, eyeball, "cartoon
grotesque" faces, Black Madonna, or Slasher cartoon character.

4. Scene kids and seapunks

From 2010-2012, the androgynous scene subculture (also known regionally as

"Shamate" and "Coloridos") remained common in the West Coast United States,
Europe, Australasia, parts of Asia, and South America, especially in the Brazilian

49
city of Fortaleza. The style was
influenced by hip-hop, emo, Japanese
street style, and indie pop fashion,
especially skinny jeans, trucker hats,
Nike shoes, mismatched neon green,
fluorescent yellow, bright blue or hot
pink socks worn with sneakers, Vans,
Levi's 501 jeans, Dickies shorts, pocket
watches, flannel shirts, thin ties, Nike
Elite crew socks guys and girls,
Chucks, Keds, vintage tees sometimes featuring pop art designs, plain tees with
contrasting edging, and Vans. Shirts and hoodies with messages such as "cool story
bro" or the logos of music like Asking Alexandria, Blood on the Dance Floor and
Bring Me the Horizon became popular among scene kids. By 2012, many scene
kids had abandoned the cartoon print hoodies, skinny jeans and studded belts in
favor of a more hardcore/skate punk look with short hair, A-shirts, plain hoodies,
combat boots, Vans, skinny jeans, and stretched earlobe piercings.

Seapunk, a fusion of scene, electronic dance music and hipster culture,

began as an online internet meme before becoming a niche street fashion in
Germany, Brazil and America. This movement influenced several mainstream pop
and hip-hop artists during the mid 2010s, most notably Azealia Banks, Frank
Ocean, and Rihanna. Seapunks often combined brightly dyed androgynous
hairstyles with nautical themes such as mermaids or dolphins, plastic Ray Ban
wayfarers, undercut hairstyles, merman hair and beards dyed blue, shell jewelery,
feathers, tartan overshirts associated with the surfer subculture, 1990s inspired yin-
yang T-shirts, baseball caps, tie dye, transparent plastic jackets, lots of green, light
blue, turquoise, cyan or aquamarine clothing, smiley motifs, and red and blue 3-
Dimensional images.

5. Hip-hop
 Hip hop fans wear tactical
pants, Nike sneakers and apparel, Air
Jordans, Ralph Lauren Polo Boots,
strapback caps, Obey and Diamond
Supply Co. T-shirts, Mitchell & Ness
retro snapbacks, True Religion jeans,
and goggle jackets. Retro 1980s and
1990s fashions like snapbacks, skinny
acid-wash jeans, bucket hats, Retro
curved peak mid-late 1990s inspired
strapback caps (commonly known as
"Dad Hats"), baseball jackets, nylon
tracksuits, varsity jackets, Vans, Chuck
Taylors, rain boots, retro Nikes, Shell
tube socks, leather jackets, Levis,
Adidas and Nike apparel, gold chains,
Ray Ban sunglasses, Air Jordans, and
oversized sweaters, and colors such as
red, green, and yellow, made a
comeback in the African American
community due to the influence of
drum and bass, rave music, and indie
pop-inspired rappers. Independent
brands have risen to popularity, as well as floral print items and tie-dye items.
Button-down shirts are often worn fully buttoned. Timberlands are particularly
popular in New York as a fashionable and durable shoe, their popularity originated
in the 90s with rappers such as The Notorious B.I.G and Jay Z. By the 2010s, the
boots' popularity is mainstream, and a staple in the fall and winter months.

6. Cholo and chicano 50

 In Mexico and the
Southwestern US during the
early 2010s, many members
of the cholo, chicano and
lowrider subcultures combine
hip-hop fashion with Western
shirts, traditional charro
jackets, Stetson hats, skinny
jeans, and Cowboy boots
with elongated toes. These 3
ft long "Mexican pointy
boots," associated with
Tribal-guarachero music are
an extreme version of the
'60s-inspired Winklepickers popular in mid-2000s Britain.

7. K-pop and Jejemon

Due to the spread

of Hallyu Wave
worldwide, millions of
Asian and Asian-
American youths have
become addicted to K-
Pop. These are the
people who love
listening to South
Korean music and
follow the style of
artists and pop groups
like Big Bang, Wonder
Girls, Kim Soo Hyun,
or Gangnam Style singer Psy. Since the Korean girl and boy bands wore
extravagant clothing, some of the hardcore fans in China, Korea, America and the
Philippines tried to copy their idols and started wearing K-Pop style hairstyles and
clothing. These included skull, floral or honeycomb prints, monochromatic shirts,
silk jackets featuring stylized Asian art prints or pop art, leather skirts, black and
neon printed leggings, retro joggers, short shorts, black and gold jewelery, brightly
colored tuxedo jackets, tracksuits, basketball shirts, leather caps, and sequined or
glitter jackets.
51
 During the early part of the 2010s, a new youth subculture called Jejemon
arose in the Philippines, sparking a brief moral panic among some older
conservatives and other youths. The Philippine Daily Inquirer describes Jejemons
as a "new breed of hipster who have developed not only their own language and
written text but also their own subculture and fashion. These predominantly
working class youths are associated with wearing trucker hats and use their own
language through texting and via social media such as Facebook. They are often
criticized by others for not using the words properly; even the Department of
Education discouraged use of the Jejemon language. Apart from the language, the
Jejemons were also criticized for their fashion and manners. From early 2013
onwards, with the rise of smartphones which began to overtake feature phones in
terms of sales in the country, the phenomenon seems to have made a gradual
decline in mainstream popularity.

52
Chapter XII. Fashion in the Philippines

A. Archaic epoch (10th – 16th century)

During the archaic epoch, before the

colonizers from Europe discovered the islands, the
different tribes and kingdoms wore their respective
clothing. The Filipino style of clothing had been
dictated by the tropical climate in the Philippines,
with a dry and rainy season.

Early Filipinos –
as well as the still
extant tribal groups
in the Philippines –
wore colorful woven
clothes, often with
"intricate beadwork"
and other ornaments. The men wore pants or a
loincloth and usually went topless, as well as
wearing tattoos symbolizing power and strength as a
warrior; while women went either topless or wore a
robe-like dress. Prior to the Spanish Era,
the Tagalogs of Luzon already wore a garment that
was a forerunner of the Barong Tagalog – the Baro. Earliest reference to the Baro
was in the historical account of Ma-i (Pre-Colonial name for the Philippines) that
the Filipinos wore a sleeve-doublet of rough cotton cloth called kanga, reaching
slightly below the waist. It was collarless and had an opening in front. The
doublets indicated the social status and badge of courage of a man; red was for the
Chiefs and the bravest, while black and white were for the ordinary citizens. Their
loins were covered with colored Bahague between legs to mid-thigh.
 53

B. Spanish Era

New Spain (1521–1799)

When the Spaniards came and settled in the

country, the fashion changed drastically as the Spanish
culture influenced the succeeding centuries of Philippine
history. The Spanish
dissolved the kingdoms and
united the country, resulting
in a mixture of cultures from
different ethnic groups and
Spanish culture. Throughout
the 16th century up to the
18th century, women wore a Hispanicized version of
the Baro't saya, composed of a bodice – called a
camisa, often made in pineapple fiber or muslin –
and a floor length skirt, while the men wore the
Barong Tagalog, a collared and buttoned lace shirt or
a suit.

Spanish East Indies (1800–1899)

The women wore this kind of fashion

even when the Spanish Regime was finally
overthrown and was replaced by the First
Philippine Republic. Today, this type of clothing
is now called as the "Maria Clara" dress, named
after the character of Maria Clara from Dr. Jose
Rizal's novel Noli Me Tangere who became a
symbol of the traditional Filipino woman, known
as modest, elegant and conservative.

54
 C. American Era (1900s–1920s)
When the Americans
came and became the
second country to colonize
the islands, the fashion
remained the same for the
first five years of the 20th
century. But it has started
to change and became
more modern in contrast to
the conservative style of
the previous centuries as
the Americans started to
influence the modern
Filipino culture. The women then wore the Traje de Mestiza, the more modern
version of the Maria Clara. It had bigger sleeves and a narrower floor length skirt
with a long train called saya de cola and replaced the full wide skirt reflecting the
Edwardian Fashion of the West. By the 1920s, the style of the skirt still remained,
influenced by the flapper dress; however, the wide sleeves had been replaced by
butterfly sleeves (popularized by local couturier Pacita Longos), and the
big pañuelo reduced its size. Some Filipino women who had lived in United States
and in Europe wore the western 1920's fashion with loose dresses and knee length
skirt.Men wore the Americana, the suit and coat worn in the West, mostly
Americans (hence the name), replacing the traditional Barong Tagalog.

D. Commonwealth Era (1930s–1940s)

When the 1930s came, the exposure of Filipinos to the western culture
resulted in the increased influence on the fashion style of young adults, teenagers
and children. Young women started to abandon the typical "Traje de Mestiza" and
started to wear floral printed dresses with mid-calf length shirts. Though many
women embraced the western ideals, the typical "Traje de Mestiza" was not fully
gone. The elders and middle aged women still wore the traditional dress while the
young adults considered it as a formal dress for events such as carnivals. In 1930s,
the Philippines was famous for its beauty pageants and carnivals that drew tourists
from around the world, and resulted in influencing the fashion and beauty
standards of the Filipino women. The women wore more elaborate and intricate
dresses. Men's fashion remained the same as they continued to wear the
"Americana" suit.
55
 E. Year 1950s
The Filipiniana or
Terno gown, the
modernized Traje de
Mestiza rose to
popularity as a formal
attire during latter half
of the 20th Century.
When the decade
started, the country saw
the rise of economy,
once again giving
opportunities for people
to have more
necessities and live in
the normal life. Women
remained wearing the
1940s fashion during
the first five years of the decade. In the late 1950s, women started to wear colorful
dresses and with floral prints. Summer and Day dresses became popular, as well as
the pencil skirts and cardigans.

Men's fashion changed slightly as the men started wearing youthful clothing
such as sweaters, colorful printed polos, pants and flannels. "Chinos" became
popular as well as white tee shirt, tartan plaids. The drape cut suits remained
popular. The Barong Tagalog became popular once again to be worn as a formal
wear, popularized by the then-President Ramon Magsaysay.
F. Year 1960s

56
 When the 1960s entered, most of the
styles from the late 1950s still
remained; however, due to the rise of
British pop culture that spread in
United States and other parts of the
world, fashion started to change. A
new kind of dress invented by Mary
Quant, called the miniskirt, mini
dresses started to become popular
and mod style fashions also
emerged. Hair became very stylish
as the hair were styled bigger and
higher with the use of hairspray. By
the mid-1960s, the hemlines became
shorter and the clothes became fitted.
Men's fashion is continued to a more
youthful vibe as they started wearing polos and pants, replacing the suit and coats.
Suits and coats, as well as the Barong Tagalog, were only worn during events and
by the older men.

G. Year 1970s

With the popularity

of the hippie culture in
the late 1960s, many
Filipinos embraced this
culture which has
continued until the
early seventies. At the
same time, the rise of
Filipino Nationalism
began and both
movements influenced the way people lived and dressed. The early 1970s saw
women start to abandon mini-dresses for a more modest clothing such as maxi
skirts. Vintage clothing from the Victorian Era of the west also became popular as
long sleeves, laces, and collars57 became popular in dresses. Bell bottom pants
started to become popular that would continue to the rest of the decade. Men also
wore Bell bottoms often in bright colors, similar to the women. The turtle neck
became popular as well as sweater vests, colorful bright patterned polos and pants.

By the mid-1970s, men started wearing t-shirts, which replaced the formal
look with a more laid-back look. Denim jeans also
started to emerge, as well as sweatshirts. When the
disco culture emerged, the bell bottoms became a
staple. It came up with different bright colors, as
well as the polos and scarfs. Women started
wearing sequined dresses, mostly in miniskirts and
bell bottom jeans. T-shirts also became popular for
women and the footwear called bakya became
popular.

H. Year 1980s

Due to the power dressing movement,

women, usually young adults, also started to
wear clothes with shoulder pads while teenagers
started wearing neon colored clothes. Miniskirts
also came back in popularity. Hairstyles were
also emphasized as most women had their hair
curled.

Men's fashion had a shift as they started to

wear brightly colored t-shirts or polo shirts and
denim jeans for a casual look, throwing away
the more formal look. Converse All-Stars shoes were also popular among the
teenagers. Sportswear also became popular for everyday clothing. Leggings rose
to popularity as well as jogging pants, headbands and legwarmers.

I. Year 1990s 58
 The 1990s fashion was a laid
back version of the 1980s fashion.
This decade saw the beginning of the
influence of rock music to mainstream
fashion. Men started to wear dark,
simple and mostly oversized clothes,
moving away to the brightly colored
clothes of the 1980s. Women also
wore loose, simple and casual clothing
such as oversized shirts, denim shorts,
denim jeans, simple blouses and
sneakers. Skirts weren't as popular as
denim throughout the decade. Men's
hairstyles also changed as they grew
their hair longer for the first time since
the decade of the 1970s. Also, a
hairstyle called cachupoy was
considered popular among teenage
boys. It was a straight hairstyle that has a middle parting at the center, most teen
celebrities sported this kind of hairstyle.It was also the decade when people from
all social classes wore the same style of clothes, with people having a hard time
distinguishing who was from the upper class or from the lower class as everyone
opted for a simple, laid-back style of dressing.

J. Years 2000s

The 1990s fashion remained popular during the early years of the first decade
of the 21st century. 2000s fashion was considered a mash up of different styles. In
the first part of the decade, the concept of innerwear as an outerwear was
popularized resulting in the popularity of spaghetti strap clothes. Men still
followed the 1990s fashion with hip-hop inspired of clothing, wearing cargo pants
and oversized T-shirts.By the mid 2000s, colorful clothes began to rise again. Men
started wearing flannel and checkered polos. At the end of the decade, people saw
59
the mixture of clothing from uggboots worn with short shorts and t-shirts to
dresses worn over with leggings.

K.
K.
K.
K.
K.
K.
K.
K.
K.
K.
K.
K.
K.
K.
Year 2010s
 Due to the
development of social
media, many Filipino
women and men were
exposed to different
styles. Also due to the
rising economy of the
country for the first
time since the 1986
People Power
Revolution, as well as
the constant building
of shopping malls and
shopping centers, 60
many Filipinos began buying more clothes.The early 2010s began with a
continuation of some of the late-2000s fashion; however; in 2011, a change began
as people started to move away from the rock influenced 2000s fashion and create
a more distinctive 2010s fashion. With the rise of social media, most of the women
began wearing tumblr inspired clothes. Also, women became interested in 1960s
fashion and began replicating that style. Men also began wearing preppy clothes
inspired by the British boy band One Direction who rose to fame in 2010. Skinny
jeans and shorts proved to be popular among the men and these came up in
different colors. In 2013, skater skirts became popular among teenage girls and
they started wearing more feminine clothing. When the mid-2010s entered, women
began wearing more modest clothing as the fashion brands started to market 1950s
and 1960s inspired clothing. Denim pants was replaced by skirts and leggings.
Men began to wear more formal clothes. Dresses replaced the casual t-shirts and
jeans worn by the women while Chinos replaced the denim pants worn by men.

The early 2010s saw many recycled fashion from

the 1950s, 1970s and 1980s as designers from stores like Topshop replicated
original vintage clothing. In the United States, it was popular to
wear Gucci, Chanel, or Versace designer clothing, and neon colors such as pink,
green, teal, black, purple, magenta and yellow. From 2010 to 2013 many late
2000s fashion trends remained popular in Europe, the United States, East Asia,
Israel, and South America, especially acid wash skinny jeans, "trouser-
dresses", romper suits, preppy pastel colored skinny jeans, metallic

61
dresses, and Capri pants cropped at the
ankle. Possibly due to the poor economy in
the early years, the midi skirt and the maxi
skirt were the most common skirt and dress
styles, with the hemline standards being the
longest they had been since The Great
Depression.
 From 2014 to 2016, work wear became a significant trend in Britain,
Ireland and America. Besides the cardigan sweaters, knit caps, flat caps,
dark denim jackets, waxed jackets, yellow fishermens macs, and flannel
shirts previously popularized by indie kids, Grenson brogues, oxblood Red
Wing work boots and the grandfather collar shirt emerged as a semi-casual fashion
item in western cultures. In China and Europe, retro feiyue martial arts sneakers in
red, white and blue made a comeback.

62
63
 Beginning in March 2017, clothing inspired by 1990s Britpop, mod
revival and early 1970s fashion became popular among young men in the UK,
Australia, Canada, Ireland, Italy and France, especially in beige, cream, sand,
orange, blue, brown, dark green, ecru, red, pistachio, and complementary neutral
tones. Desirable items included suede cowboy boots and winklepickers, stone
grey suits with Teddy Boy inspired velvet shawl collars, retro black and
red sneakers, Chelsea boots with contrasting red and blue elastic, striped dress
shirts, sailor T shirts with vertical navy blue stripes, navy and red track jackets,
two button cream trenchcoats, six button polo shirts, natural su ede chukka boots,
sunflower print button-down shirts, white T shirts with orange and blue color
blocks, turquoise dip dye swimshorts, military chic parkas, wool overcoats, navy
blue straw trilby hats, short sleeved cardigans, red Doc
Martens, houndstooth or Prince of Wales check sportcoats, pants with a contrasting
red stripe, lightweight nautical inspired navy peacoats, embroidered silk souvenir
jackets featuring birds, skulls, dragons or tigers, bomber jackets with orange
linings, Converse modern sneakers in silver, red, royal blue, or green, muted Aloha
shirts worn over plain T shirts, brown flying
jackets, corduroy pants, beige anoraks, pale denim slim-fit jeans and chinos,
checked button down shirts in pink, blue, orange, red, and white with
oversized Cuban collars, cropped black high waisted pants, Henley shirts, grey T
shirts, preppy striped polo shirts with wider collars, double strap combat boots,
and psychedelic floral print shirts frequently worn tucked into the pants.
 64

Sources

http://tabassumkader.blogspot.com/2013/03/clothing-fashion.html

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fashion

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2000s_in_fashion

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2010s_in_fashion

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1100-1200s_in_fashion

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1200-1300s_in_fashion

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1300s-1400_in_fashion

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1400s-1500_in_fashion

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1500s-1600_in_fashion

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1700s-1800_in_fashion

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1800s-1900_in_fashion

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_fashion_design

https://www.brainyquote.com/quotes/keywords/fashion.html

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1820s_in_Western_fashion