Plant Anatomy

Lecture Notes, Study Materials and Important questions answers

Subject : Plant Anatomy

Morphology and tissue systems the integrated plant body
1. Adaptation to aerial growth - Answer (click here)
2. Mechanical support systems - Morphology and tissue systems - Answer
(click here)
3. The transport systems - Morphology and tissue systems - Answer (click
here)

Meristems and meristematic growth

1. Meristems and meristematic growth - Answer (click here)
2. Apical meristems - Answer (click here)
3. Lateral meristems - Answer (click here)
4. Practical applications and uses of meristems - Answer (click here)

The structure of xylem and phloem

1. Secondary xylem construction - Structure of xylem - Answer (click here)
2. Secondary xylem - properties and uses - Answer (click here)
3. Evolution in secondary xylem - Answer (click here)
4. Structure of phloem - Answer (click here)
5. Gymnosperm phloem - Answer (click here)
6. Angiosperm phloem - Answer (click here)
7. Structure-function relationships in primary and secondary vascular
tissues - Answer (click here)

The root
1. The root: Introduction - Answer (click here)
2. Epidermis - Root - Answer (click here)
3. Cortex - Root - Answer (click here)
4. Endodermis - Root - Answer (click here)
 5. Pericycle - Root - Answer (click here)
6. Vascular system - Root - Answer (click here)
7. Lateral roots - Answer (click here)

The stem
1. The stem: Introduction - Answer (click here)
2. Stems - cross sectional appearance - Answer (click here)
3. Transport phloem within the axial system - Stems - Answer (click here)
4. Transport tissue - structural components - Answer (click here)

The leaf
1. The leaf - Plant Anatomy - Answer (click here)
2. Leaf structure - Plant Anatomy - Answer (click here)
3. The epidermis - Leaf structure - Answer (click here)
4. Cuticle and cuticular sculpturing - The leaf - Answer (click here)
5. Stomata - The leaf - Answer (click here)
6. Trichomes - The leaf - Answer (click here)
7. Bulliform cells - The leaf - Answer (click here)
8. Hypodermal layers - The leaf - Answer (click here)
9. Mesophyll - The leaf - Answer (click here)
10. Strengthening systems in the leaf - Answer (click here)
11. Vascular system in leaf - Answer (click here)
12. The phloem in leaf - Answer (click here)
13. Loading phloem in leaf - Answer (click here)
14. Unloading phloem in leaf - Answer (click here)
15. Specifics of the monocotyledonous foliage leaf - Answer (click here)
16. Secretory structures - leaf - Answer (click here)

Flowers fruits and seeds

1. Vascularization - Plant Anatomy - Answer (click here)
2. SEM studies - Plant Anatomy - Answer (click here)
3. Palynology - Plant Anatomy - Answer (click here)
4. Embryology - Plant Anatomy - Answer (click here)
5. Seed and fruit histology - Plant Anatomy - Answer (click here)

Adaptive features
1. Adaptive features - Plant Anatomy:An Applied Approach - Answer (click
here)
 2. Mechanical adaptations - Plant Anatomy:An Applied Approach - Answer
(click here)
3. Adaptations to habitat - Plant Anatomy:An Applied Approach - Answer
(click here)
4. Xerophytes - Answer (click here)
5. Mesophytes - Answer (click here)
6. Hydrophytes - Answer (click here)
7. Applications of anatomical modification in plants - Answer (click here)

Economic aspects of applied plant anatomy

1. Identification and classification - Economic aspects of applied plant
anatomy - Answer (click here)
2. Taxonomic application - Economic aspects of applied plant anatomy -
Answer (click here)
3. Medicinal plants - Answer (click here)
4. Food adulterants and contaminants - Answer (click here)
5. Animal feeding habits - Answer (click here)
6. Wood: present day - Answer (click here)
7. Wood: in archaeology - Answer (click here)
8. Forensic applications - Answer (click here)
9. Palaeobotany - Answer (click here)

Practical microtechnique
1. Safety considerations - Practical microtechnique - Answer (click here)
2. Materials and methods - Practical microtechnique - Answer (click here)
3. Killing and preserving cell contents - Materials and methods in Practical
microtechnique - Answer (click here)
4. Fixatives - Materials and methods in Practical microtechnique - Answer
(click here)
5. Dehydration and infiltration - Materials and methods in Practical
microtechnique - Answer (click here)
6. Sectioning - Materials and methods in Practical microtechnique - Answer
(click here)
7. Clearing - Materials and methods in Practical microtechnique - Answer
(click here)
8. Staining - Materials and methods in Practical microtechnique - Answer
(click here)
9. Preparing permanent slides - Materials and methods in Practical
microtechnique - Answer (click here)
10. Preparation of surfaces - Materials and methods in Practical
 microtechnique - Answer (click here)
11. Standard levels - Materials and methods in Practical microtechnique -
Answer (click here)
12. Microscopy - Plant Anatomy:An Applied Approach: Practical
microtechnique - Answer (click here)