Академический Документы
Профессиональный Документы
Культура Документы
Cotton may contain between 4 and 12% by weight of impurities in the form of
waxes, proteins, pectin’s, ash, and miscellaneous substances such as pigments,
hemicelluloses and reducing sugars. These impurities are removed from the
fabric by scouring, since their hydrophobic nature negatively affects the
enhancement of the fabric’s wettability and absorbency. In this work, pectinase,
protease and cellulose were used in various combinations for different treatment
times, either in the baths containing one enzyme or different enzyme
combinations, in order to evaluate the effects of these enzymes on 100% cotton
fabric’s wettability and absorbency.
Scouring is an important process that contributes to
improved quality in dyed fabric, from which foreign substances found on gray
fabric coming from both primary and secondary sources (cotton wax, thickener,
wax and knitting oil) are removed so that smooth progress is ensured in the
process of dyeing.
Traditionally, cotton scouring has required the use of harsh alkaline chemicals
(caustic), extreme temperatures and large volumes of water. Expenses include
not only the cost of the caustic and energy, but also the cost of treating waste
water to remove residual caustic and by-products.
• Simply wash your fabric, this includes PFD fabric, in the washing machine
in hot water with Soda Ash. Do not add any fabric softeners to the wash.
If you must dry your fabric do so without any fabric softener sheets
• Using an large enamel or stainless steel pot, fill the pot at least half full
and place one ounce of soda ash into the pot per pound of cotton or linen
fabric/fiber.
• Place fabric into water, swish it around using a stainless steel spoon.
• Bring water to a boil!!!
• Adjust heat to a low boil/hard simmer and allow to boil for two hours. stir
the fabric every 15 minutes or so t make sure that the fabric is being
adequately scoured
• After two hours remove from heat source, allow fabric to cool down until
the fabric is at room temperature.
• Remove the fabric from the water and rinse.