African Centre for the Constructive Resolution of Disputes

I. PROPOSAL TITLE:
THE AFRICAN PEACEBUILDING COORDINATION PROGRAMME

II. APPLICANT/ORGANIZATION NAME:

THE AFRICAN CENTRE FOR THE CONSTRUCTIVE RESOLUTION OF DISPUTES

(ACCORD)

III. FUNDING ORGANISATION:

THE MINISTRY FOR FOREIGN AFFAIRS OF FINLAND

IV. POSTAL ADDRESS OF APPLICANT:

PRIVATE BAG X 018

UMHLANGA ROCKS

4320

SOUTH AFRICA

V. PHYSICAL ADDRESS:
ACCORD HOUSE

2-4 GOLF COURSE DRIVE

MOUNT EDGECOMBE, 4300

SOUTH AFRICA

VI. PRINCIPAL CONTACT PERSONS:

PRAVINA MAKAN-LAKHA – GENERAL MANAGER: OPERATIONS

VII. CONTACT NUMBERS:

a. TELEPHONE: +27-31 502 3908

b. FAX: +27-31 502 4160

c. E-MAIL: Pravina@accord.org.za

d. WEBSITE: http://www.accord.org.za

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 African Centre for the Constructive Resolution of Disputes

THE AFRICAN PEACEBUILDING COORDINATION PROGRAMME PHASE II

PROPOSAL: 2011-2013

Part I - Background information on the African Peacebuilding Coordination Programme

and Lessons Learned in Phase I

A. Introduction

Peacebuilding is a simultaneously short-, mid- and long-term process, aimed at peace

consolidation. It involves a range of multidimensional and inter-related programmes and activities
that collectively and cumulatively bring about security, political stability, socio-economic
development and reconciliation, that address both the consequences and the causes of a conflict,
and lays the foundation for sustainable peace and development.

The African Peacebuilding Coordination Programme (APCP) was established by ACCORD and
the Ministry for Foreign Affairs of Finland in June 2007. The Programme has focused on
enhancing coherence and coordination in peacebuilding, with the aim of promoting and
enhancing local ownership in peacebuilding processes, as well as supporting the design and
implementation of peacebuilding policy frameworks. APCP’s activities have concentrated on four
specific peacebuilding contexts, namely Burundi, Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), Liberia
and Sudan. In addition, the Programme has engaged in policy development at three levels,
namely with the Regional Economic Communities (RECS), African Union (AU) and United
Nations (UN).

On the basis of feedback received from partners and stakeholders, as well as an independent
evaluation commissioned by the Ministry for Foreign Affairs, Finland and ACCORD,
conclusions can be drawn that APCP has made a meaningful contribution to enhancing
peacebuilding coordination in the four focus countries, as well as the policy processes it has been
engaged in. However, much remains to be done, and this project proposal sets out how APCP can
capitalise on the investments made in the First Phase in developing capacity, both at ACCORD
and among partners, so that APCP can continue to add value and contribute to practical
peacebuilding initiatives and overall policy processes, if it was extended for a further three year
period - 2011 to 2013.

B. Programme Implementation 2007 - 2010:

The First Phase of APCP commenced in June 2007 and will end in December 2010. During this
period the Programme was established, staff were hired, a thorough needs assessment was carried
out to verify the assumptions made when the proposal was developed, partners were identified
and stakeholders consulted. On the basis of the assessment and consultations made, the
Programme’s Implementation Plan was adjusted and subsequently implemented. APCP has been
guided by the need to build the capacity of peacebuilding agents it is engaging with, including
and most especially local actors. The Programme has taken steps to continuously monitor
feedback and has made ongoing adjustments to ensure that it remains relevant and focused on the
needs of its partners, as well as being sensitive to the context and realities of the countries it is
engaging with. The four focus countries were consciously chosen because they were at different
stages in the peacebuilding process, and as a result of these phase-factors, and the differences in

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context in each specific case, APCP had to develop unique intervention tools for each focus
country.

In the four focus countries - Burundi, DRC, Liberia and Sudan - the Programme’s activities
were aimed at enhancing coherence and coordination, developing local capacity, encouraging
local ownership and designing and implementing new and innovative peacebuilding approaches.
Gender aspects were deliberately mainstreamed in the Programme design and implementation.
During the First Phase of APCP, its activities consisted of:

(i) Conducting research visits to the four focus countries, as well as identifying, meeting
and interacting with key peacebuilding actors;
(ii) Hosting consultation forums and thematic dialogue roundtables, drawing together a
wide range of peacebuilding stakeholders; and
(iii) Conducting training courses for representatives of non-governmental organizations
(NGOs), government agencies and line ministries, development partners, the United
Nations system, inter-governmental organisations and other stakeholders.

Outside of the focus countries , the Programme has supported the development of African
capacity for peacebuilding, the development and implementation of peacebuilding policy
approaches, enhanced levels of coherence and coordination, and the generation of a deeper
understanding of peacebuilding challenges and responses through:

(i) Hosting policy workshops, drawing together key representatives from the focus
countries and inter-governmental organisations;
(ii) Engagement with peacebuilding stakeholders at the level of the African Union (AU),
United Nations (UN), inter-governmental organisations, diplomatic community,
development partners and others; and
(iii) Conducting joint training courses for peacebuilding practitioners and policy-makers
impacting on the focus countries.

To further enhance knowledge and understanding on key issues that influence peacebuilding in
Africa, such as coherence and coordination, local and national ownership, and strategic
frameworks and other programmatic tools, the Programme has:

(i) Published in ACCORD and non-ACCORD publications on peacebuilding themes;

(ii) Made presentations at international and African seminars;
(iii) Lectured at various international and African universities;
(iv) Published reports on its activities; and
(v) Produced its own original training material, which will include an ACCORD
Peacebuilding Coordination Handbook that will be finalised in 2010.

C. Key Outcomes and Lessons Learned:

The Programme has benefited from an independent external evaluation commissioned by the
Ministry for Foreign Affairs Finland and ACCORD, and on the basis of the findings of the
evaluation, and feedback generated from partners and stakeholders; it is possible to identify the
following key outcomes:

1) Needs Based Engagement with Focus Countries: The Programme’s engagement with the

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four focus countries has ensured that its work was grounded in the current real-life coordination
challenges experienced by the peacebuilding agents living and working in the four focus
countries. The Programme’s stated aim to respond to the needs of each country separately, and its
willingness to be flexible and adjust its programming to the needs of the actors in each country,
has been a major factor in its ability to add value to the peacebuilding processes in these
countries. In the Second Phase the Programme will retain this approach of working with specific
countries and remain flexible enough to adapt the work of the Programme to emerging needs in
its focus countries.

2) Comparative Exchange : The use of a comparative approach has allowed the Programme to
highlight successes and challenges where these are relevant, identify best practices and lessons
learnt and connect stakeholders across countries to foster cross-pollination, comparative learning
and to contribute towards peacebuilding dialogue in Africa. Comparative cross-country
exchanges should therefore continue to be used as a tool with which the Programme can increase
the value of its work.

3) Capacity Building: The work of the Programme aimed at developing the capacity of local
peacebuilding actors in the focus countries has been very well received, and has been rated as the
most valuable component of the Programme by counterparts in the focus countries. Capacity
building should remain a core focus of the Second Phase of the Programme, and more effort
should be directed to ensuring that it is needs based, operationally relevant, practical and having
long-term impact.

4) Local Partners: The partnerships that the Programme has established with local institutions
and organisations have been valuable in ensuring that the Programme is grounded in the local
context, and that its capacity building efforts have a direct and sustainable application in local
peacebuilding institutions and agencies (governmental and non-governmental).

5) Linking Internal and External Actors: The Programme has been focused on internal actors,
but has also devoted part of its effort at facilitating contact among internal and external actors,
within the focus countries, as well as at the regional, continental and international levels. The
Programme has discovered that this aspect was also highly rated among its stakeholders, and that
it has contributed to greater understanding, new networks and partnerships, and a higher level of
cooperation and collaboration on various peacebuilding initiatives.

Part II - Strategy for Phase II of the Programme (2011 – 2013):

A. Phase II Rationale

The previous section highlighted some of the lessons learned during the implementation of the
First Phase of APCP. Using those lessons as a starting point, this section will present the reasons
for proposing a Second Phase of the Programme.

Drawing on the capacities established and lessons learned to-date, and building on those aspects
of the Programme that were valued by our partners and stakeholders, and elements highlighted
by the mid-term evaluation, ACCORD proposes a continuation of the Programme into a Second
Phase, starting in January 2011 and ending in December 2013. During this period, the Programme
aims to build on the foundations laid in the First Phase, and to further strengthen its role in the
four countries, as well as with the regional mechanisms, AU and UN partners, that it has been

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engaging with.

1) Focus countries

The four focus countries – Burundi, DRC, Liberia and Sudan - are likely to experience major
developments over the next three years. Both DRC and Liberia are likely to see the scaling-down
of their UN peacekeeping missions, and Sudan will undertake a referendum which will determine
whether it will continue with the process of peacebuilding as one country, or whether the South
will secede and become a country on its own. Burundi is entering a critical consolidation phase in
its post-conflict development process. All four countries will be conducting elections within the
course of 2010 - 2013, which frequently poses serious threats to the stability of the peace process.
Please refer to the Annex for more information on future scenarios for the current four focus countries .

Despite considerable progress, peace consolidation remains a major concern in these countries.
The Programme will continue to make a meaningful contribution to this process by building
gender-sensitive local capacity to adequately contribute to peacebuilding efforts and facilitating
the interaction between internal and external actors in the four focus countries, to ensure the
harmonization of their initiatives and roles.

During Phase II, the Programme will continue to work in the four focus countries, ensuring
continuity in its support to the peacebuilding processes underway in Burundi, DRC, Liberia and
Sudan and promoting sustainable initiatives. The Programme will make use of its established
relations, and the capacity developed to-date, to further increase its levels of support to the
peacebuilding processes in these countries. The following elements are considered key areas for
engagement across the four countries:

2) Strategic Peacebuilding Frameworks

In Burundi and Liberia, although peacebuilding frameworks exist, their implementation has not
been effective and the frameworks are due for reassessment. In DRC and Sudan there are no
national frameworks. ACCORD can greatly contribute towards the shaping of the peacebuilding
frameworks in all the focus countries in line with the outcomes of the five-year review seminar of
the UN Peacebuilding Commission, which took place in April 2010. It would be an opportune
time to assist with the design of the frameworks to ensure they meet the needs of the countries
and are implementable and achievable.

3) Regional Dimensions

An examination of the conflict in the four focus countries clearly shows the role that
neighbouring countries play in exacerbating internal conflicts. It is important to understand how
regional dynamics affect the peacebuilding processes ongoing in each of the four focus countries
and how best regional alliances can be developed to support their peacebuilding processes.

4) Dialogue

The need for strengthened collaboration between government and non-government actors is
pertinent in all four focus countries due to several issues, like transitional justice and
reconciliation raised across the board. Platforms for dialogue would be crucial to encourage a

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holistic and sustainable peacebuilding approach.

5) Gender

Peacebuilding processes in the four focus countries must be gendered because they involve the
reassignment of power and resources (both human and material), which influence policy
development. UN Security Council Resolution 1325 on Women, Peace and Security has been
described as highly relevant to peacebuilding, as it calls for the participation of women in peace
making, keeping and building. Although gender has been included in the preparatory phase of
programming and planning, it features less when it comes to the implementation and monitoring
phase. This creates an avenue for APCP to continue to consciously mainstream gender in all
aspects of its activities, and to provide a forum for information sharing on lessons learnt and best
practices from Burundi, DRC and Liberia, which have National Action Plans for the
implementation of the resolution.

6) Partnering with Local and International Institutions and Organisations

During the First Phase, the Programme established itself in the African peacebuilding field. It is
now recognised as a peacebuilding agent in the four countries, by the AU and UN. ACCORD
was, for instance, requested by the co-facilitators of the UN Peacebuilding Commission’s 2010
review process to host the African consultation of the review process in April in Durban.
Similarly, the UN’s Peacebuilding Support Office (PBSO) and ACCORD hosted the African
Consultation of the PBSO Civilian Expertise Review in June 2010 in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
These relationships have allowed APCP to create strong partnerships with local and international
institutions and organisations, creating a solid reputation as a credible actor in the field. The
Programme will continue to engage with these partners in the Second Phase, by contributing to
their respective policy development processes, as well as by using these networks to inform its
work and improve its engagement with the focus countries.

B. Main Objectives
The overall objective of the Programme is; supporting enhanced coherence and coordination,
across the peace, security, humanitarian, development and human rights dimensions, in
peacebuilding operations in Africa, in support of the attainment of just and sustainable peace in
countries emerging from conflict.

This objective will be reached through the attainment of three sub objectives, as follows;

Objective 1: Develop Local Capacity/Ownership for Peacebuilding:

(i) Conduct training courses in the focus countries;

(ii) Conduct joint training courses across the focus countries;
(iii) Provide strategic support to local peacebuilding institutions;
(iv) Develop the capacity of local peacebuilding institutions; and
(v) Provide other support, as requested and if able, to government and
non-governmental organisations in focus countries.

Objective 2: Support National, Regional and International Policy Frameworks and

Approaches:

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(i) Create platforms at national, sub-regional and regional levels for

dialogue and engagement; and
(ii) Provide policy development and implementation support to
Programme stakeholders and partners.

Objective 3: Create a Platform for Dialogue and Identification of Best Practice and
Knowledge:

(i) Capture and disseminate knowledge generated by the Programme;

(ii) Make meaningful input to peacebuilding discourse; and
(iii) Utilise lessons learned and best practices to make policy
contributions.

Sub Objectives and Corresponding Indicators

Objective 1: Develop Local Capacity/Ownership for Peacebuilding

Quantitative Indicators:
 An increase in the number of personnel trained in conflict resolution and peacebuilding
including:

(i) Female personnel trained in conflict resolution and

peacebuilding
(ii) Internal or local actors engaged in peacebuilding;

 Number of trained personnel registered in peacebuilding database and standby rosters;

 Number of persons trained that are actively engaged in conflict resolution peacebuilding
activities within six to twelve months of attending a training course;
 Number of training courses, aggregated by topics addressed, and location/region amongst
others; and
 Number of persons trained, aggregated by profession, gender and location amongst others
and registered in the peacebuilding database.

Qualitative Indicators:
 Improvement in the degree to which gender considerations are mainstreamed in the
planning and coordination of peacebuilding operations;
 Improvement in the capacity of internal and local actors to fully engage in peacebuilding;
 Ability of trained personnel to apply knowledge gained to their work, produce results and
achieve set goals; and
 Quality and relevance of the training courses as judged by participants and stakeholders.

Objective 2: Support National, Regional and International Policy Frameworks and

Approaches

Quantitative Indicators:
 Number of policy development interventions supported by the Programme; and

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 Number of action plans, outcome and policy documents or briefs or related policy
projects produced as a result of the Programme’s work or intervention.

Qualitative Indicators:
 Involvement in policy development initiatives at national, regional and international
levels;
 Degree of improvement in the effectiveness, efficiency, sustainability and impact of
peacebuilding operations in focus countries; and
 Improvement in overall and system-wide coordination and coherence of peacebuilding
operations in focus countries;

Objective 3: Create a Platform for Dialogue and Identification of Best Practice and
Knowledge

Quantitative indicators;
 Number of case studies developed for training courses focused on the four countries;
 Number of publications;
 Number of articles contributed to African and international journals; and
 Number of local and international conferences and workshops on peacebuilding
organised and attended.

Qualitative indicators;
 Degree of coordination and coherence amongst local peacebuilding actors in the focus
countries;
 The involvement of the Programme in various peacebuilding conferences; and
 Improved peacebuilding mechanisms and approaches in the four focus countries and the
surrounding regions.

C. Implementation of Phase II of the Programme (2011 – 2013):

The rationale behind the focus on capacity building in Phase II of the Programme is to identify
what has worked best in the First Phase of the Programme and to focus on making an investment
in those areas where it is believed that the Programme can add the most value. By concentrating
our efforts on training and capacity building, by linking those trained with databases and rosters;
by undertaking applied research, and supporting policy development and implementation, Phase
II of the Programme will be focused on clear deliverables.

Over the three year period of Phase II, ACCORD will have enhanced the capacity of a number of
carefully selected individuals, which should have positive impact on the ability of key institutions
and organisations in countries emerging from conflict to better manage and coordinate the
peacebuilding processes they are engaged in. The Programme will ensure that gender is
incorporated in the design and implementation of all its activities throughout the three –year
period.

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Key Outputs
Activity 1: Training Courses

1.1 In-Country Training Courses

In Phase II, the Programme will conduct peacebuilding training courses on an annual basis across
the four focus countries, aimed at providing the participants with applied knowledge and skills
critical in ensuring sustainable peacebuilding processes. These training courses will assist them to
understand the peacebuilding processes in which they work and their role in it. In addition, the
training will provide them with the skills needed to actively and better play their roles thus
contributing to the same.

The aim of Activity 1 is to improve the practical knowledge of local and international
peacebuilding actors in countries emerging out of conflict, and to provide them with new tools
they can use to improve the effectiveness of peacebuilding related work.

In addition, and subject to funding being available, the Programme will consider expanding its
training courses to countries such as Central African Republic (CAR), Chad, Cote d’Ivoire and
Sierra Leone in this Phase. The Programme will, in consultation with Finland, consider additional
funding partnerships, or it may respond to invitations by partners in these countries to conduct
training on request.

1.2 Advanced Joint Peacebuilding Course and Study Tour

One of the most successful activities during the First Phase of the Programme was the residential
peacebuilding course hosted by ACCORD in Durban and Pretoria. The value of the course was
due to three factors:

(i) The presence of high-level actors engaged in the peacebuilding processes

in their countries;
(ii) The senior-level collaborative learning experiences and exchanges; and
(iii) The methods and processes used during the training to ensure harmonisation
and an environment of shared learning.

In Phase II, The Programme will organise two Advanced Peacebuilding Courses in Durban and
Pretoria for select senior politicians, government officials and civil society leaders from countries
emerging out of conflict.

The aim of Activity 1.2 is to provide an opportunity for senior officials from key peacebuilding
institutions to obtain advanced knowledge of how peacebuilding processes and systems work, so
that they are able to engage with the peacebuilding processes in their own countries with
heightened understanding and insight. This will in turn feed into the policies that they make on
various matters.

Both the in-country and joint peacebuilding training courses will draw participants mainly from
the four focus countries (Burundi, DRC, Liberia and Sudan). In addition, some participants may
be drawn from other regional and sub-regional actors working in the field, as their expertise and
input will enrich the sessions. The training courses will cover themes significant and critical to
successful peacebuilding operations such as security sector reform (SSR), early warning and early

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response, conflict prevention and conflict transformation while mainstreaming gender at all
levels. Other areas to be examined include actors, roles and responsibilities, and coordination and
coherence in the peacebuilding context.

The results expected from both the in-country and advanced joint peacebuilding courses are:

(i) At least 200 personnel trained over 3 years;

(ii) At least two in-country trainings to be held each year; and
(iii) At least two joint peacebuilding training courses in 3 years.

Activity 2: Roster of Peacebuilding Experts

The Programme will enter into negotiations with the African Civilian Standby Roster for
International Humanitarian and Peacekeeping Missions (AFDEM) and the African Union’s
Database of Post-Conflict Reconstruction and Development Experts, with a view to establishing
Memoranda of Understanding with these African databases and rosters. The aim is to ensure that
the individuals trained by the Programme meet the criteria of these two African databases, and
have an opportunity to become members of these two rosters, so that they can be mobilised to
actively engage and participate in peacebuilding operations across the continent.

The aim of Activity 2 is to ensure that individuals trained and educated through the Programme
are captured in a database so that their capacities can be available for future peacebuilding needs,
not only in their countries of origin, but also elsewhere on the continent.

Activity 3: Policy Development and Knowledge Generation

The Programme will invest resources in capturing and disseminating the knowledge generated by
the Programme, and will share such knowledge through publications, participation in relevant
seminars and feeding such knowledge products into ongoing and new policy development
processes and especially into ACCORD’s training materials and courses.

Amongst others, ACCORD’s new Peacebuilding Handbook will be reviewed, updated and
revised in 2012. Through the work of the Programme and the activities it runs, African case
studies and examples will be identified and recorded so that the Handbook can be as relevant for
the African peacebuilding context as possible. The Handbook will seek to be highly interactive
and practical. All the exercises, role-plays and case studies will come from the African context.
This does not imply that other international experiences will not be integrated into the materials.
Best practices and lessons learned from international experience will be incorporated into the
training material as well.

The aim of Activity 3 is to ensure that the lessons learned and best practices identified by the
Programme are captured, published and shared; and in addition, that the Programme provides
input and support to policy development.

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The expected outputs of the Programme are as shown in the following table:

Output
2011 2012 2013 Total
2x Training Courses 3x Training 1 x Training 6 x In – Country
In – Country (DRC, Sudan) Courses(Burundi, DRC, Course(Sudan) Training Courses
Training Courses Liberia )

Advanced 1 x Joint
1 x Joint 2 x Joint Peacebuilding
Peacebuilding Peacebuilding
Peacebuilding Training and Study
Course and Study Training and Study
Training and Study Tour
Tour Tour
Tour

Peacebuilding Roster
Roster of Peacebuilding Roster
Peacebuilding Roster Peacebuilding Maintenance
Peacebuilding Establishment
Maintenance Roster
Experts
Maintenance

1 x Workshop Report
1x Policy Development
Policy
Workshop
Development and
Knowledge
Generation Revised Peacebuilding
1 x Review and Revision of
Coordination
ACCORD’s Peacebuilding
Handbook
Coordination Handbook

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Part III: Assumptions and Risks

This section includes the main assumptions and risks that are critical to the success of the
Programme but lie beyond the scope of the Programme. Identifying these assumptions serves to
acknowledge the dependencies, potential points of weakness, and risks associated with the
Programme, which prepares Programme Staff to adequately deal with them when they do arise.

Assumptions and Risks Risk Management

Relationship with Stakeholders

Adverse political and other conditions in the focus Monitor political and other developments and
countries that would make it difficult to continue to decide on an appropriate response in
include them in the Programme. consultation with partners, stakeholders and
funding partner.

Change in country dynamics, for example scaling- Programme staff will develop contacts with
down of peacekeeping missions (DRC and Liberia), additional local partners and will maintain
and possible secession (Sudan). flexibility of the Programme to take into
account the changes taking place.

Staff turnover within stakeholders, and the respective
national, sub-regional, regional and international
structures responsible for liaising with the
Programme.
Agreements with stakeholders and national,
sub-regional, regional or national stakeholders
are not static. All aspects of the relationship
with stakeholders will need to be continuously
re-affirmed and when consensus has been lost
will have to be re-negotiated. Written
agreements should be entered into where
appropriate and written records kept so that
institutional memory is maintained.

Training Material and Handbook

Training material will be field tested and shared with The training material needs to be reviewed
international and regional stakeholders for review and through field tests, by using it in training
feedback. courses. This process will allow for an
assessment of the material and the changes to be
made if need be. Furthermore, the training
material will be shared in close consultation
with the partners and regional and international
stakeholders so that potential differences in
approach and theory can be identified and the
training material reviewed further.

Poor coordination of national, regional and Liaise with stakeholders on policy

international policies on coordination. developments, lobby for the synchronization of
relevant policies and alert them to potential

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contradictions or problem areas and if possible

suggest feasible solutions.

Training materials need to remain relevant in a fast The Manual and Handbook need to be
changing context and field. independently evaluated for their relevance, and
need to be periodically revised and updated to
remain relevant. Updates can be made available
on the internet and in hard copy for those that
do not have access to the internet or sufficient
printing capacity.

End-User Issues

People trained in conflict resolution and peacebuilding Most people invited to training courses should
will be used in such roles. be able to undertake peacebuilding work and
related activities. Those not already engaged in
peacebuilding work must have good prospects
of being actively engaged within six to twelve
months of undertaking the training course.

Budget and Finance

The Euro/Rand exchange-rate remains reasonably
stable so that the amount budgeted in Euro remains
comparable to the Rand-based costs on which the
budget is based.
Exchange rate differentials need to be taken into
account in every budget cycle and if there are
large differentials that may impact on the
Programme’s ability to achieve its stated results
the inputs and outputs will need to be re-
evaluated.

Part IV: Compatibility and Sustainability

4.1 Compatibility with Finnish Development Policy

Finland’s development cooperation with Africa is guided by two main policy documents: The
Development Policy Programme 2007, Towards a Sustainable and Just World C ommunity
(2007), and Africa in Finnish Development Policy, Finland’s Development Policy Framework
Programme (2009). Finland promotes economically, socially and ecologically sustainable
development, and places particular emphasis on the importance of issues relating to climate and
the environment. At the same time, Finland stress crisis prevention and support for peace
processes as an important element in promoting socially sustainable development. Finnish
development policy is founded on the respect for and promotion of human rights and stresses a wider
security concept, which strengthens the link between security, development and human rights.

The emphasis of Finnish development policy and cooperation has traditionally been on Africa.
Finland’s development policy emphasises the stability of society and comprehensive security as
the cornerstone for all development. Balanced development based on human rights, economic
prosperity and the implementation of fundamental rights are not possible without socially
sustainable development. This development can be strengthened through development policy and
cooperation by supporting democratic governance, the development of the rule of law, the

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implementation of human rights, and by promoting gender equality and a strong civil society.

Finland stresses that improving the status of women and girls, promoting gender equality and equality
between all members of society, and improving the rights of vulnerable and easily excluded groups in
particular, such as children, the disabled, indigenous peoples and ethnic minorities, are central
prerequisites for sustainable development in Africa. In its development policy, Finland is committed
to the promotion of comprehensive security. Armed crises and conflicts are considered to be the
factors that are hindering the development of Africa most of all. However, security means more
than just the absence of a military threat. Extensive poverty, human rights abuses, the weak rule
of law and democracy, climate change and natural disasters, disputes over the exploitation of
natural resources, and uncontrolled migration due to various reasons weaken social stability and
security. Finland’s aim is to respond to these challenges through develop- ment policy measures.
Finland emphasizes that the achievement and consolidation of peace in Africa requires efforts by
the entire international community, but the main responsibility falls on Africa itself.

A new Government policy on Non-Governmental Organisations (NGO Development

Cooperation Guidelines) was approved in 2006. NGOs have an important role to play in Finnish
development policy overall. Their work complements official development cooperation on a
bilateral, multilateral and EU basis. The special value that NGOs can add is their direct contacts
with the grass-roots level and their valuable work to strengthen the civil society in developing
countries.

The framework programme for Africa is implemented in accordance with the principles guiding
all Finnish development policy and cooperation: coherence, complementarity between different
cooperation instruments and actors, as well as effectiveness in promoting sustainable
development.

This Programme will be carried out in conformity with and on the basis of the leading
international, regional, sub-regional and national policies on international peace and security,
conflict management, complex emergencies, peacebuilding and coordination. If a difference of
approach cannot be resolved, the Programme will follow the approach of the lead agency on
peacebuilding in the focus country in this regard.

From a policy perspective the Programme will be guided by the relevant AU and UN policy
documents, including the reports of the UN Secretary General on Peacebuilding and the AU Post-
Conflict Reconstruction and Development (PCRD) Framework. In maintaining an African policy
perspective to the Programme, greater emphasis will be placed on the AU’s PCRD Framework.
The AU PCRD Framework aims to serve as a guide that can be applied to countries or sub-
regions emerging from conflict to assist in actions towards reconstruction. The framework
recognizes the challenge associated with ineffective coordination in implementing post-conflict
reconstruction and development activities. In this sense, the policy tries to provide parameters for
coherence and coordination between state and non-state actors (in and from the national, regional
and international levels).

The Programme is aimed at improving the capacity of peacebuilding operations and activities in
Africa. Its activities are intended to be complementary to and to enhance the efforts of national,
regional and international stakeholders undertaking peacebuilding activities. The Programme will
generate training material, research publications and policy products that will continue to shape
and inform the planning and coordination of peacebuilding operations in Africa after the
Programme has come to and end.

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4.2 Institutional Capacity

The African Centre for the Constructive Resolution of Disputes (ACCORD) is a civil society
initiative, based in South Africa, specialising in the field of conflict prevention, resolution and
management on the African continent. It has been involved in peacekeeping and peacebuilding
training since 1996 with a focus on the civilian components of peacekeeping, peacebuilding and
civil-military coordination. This work was undertaken under the auspices of the Training for
Peace in Africa Programme (TfP), funded by the Norwegian Ministry of Foreign Affairs, the
African Civil-Military Coordination (ACMC) Programme, and the African Peacebuilding
Coordination Programme (APCP) both funded by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Finland.

ACCORD is well known in the peacekeeping and peacebuilding community in Africa as a

provider of training and policy development services. ACCORD has trained more than five
thousand African peacekeepers in twenty or more African countries since the TfP Programme
started in 1996, and it has established relationships with most of the peace and security
institutions and peacekeeping training centres in Africa. ACCORD is a founding member of the
African Peace Support Trainers Association (APSTA) and served as its Secretariat during the first
four years. ACCORD is also a member and past-President of the International Association of
Peacekeeping Training Centres (IAPTC). ACCORD has been closely engaged in the work of the
AU’s Peace Support Operations Division (PSOD) in the context of the development of the
civilian dimension of the African Standby Force, and participated in the development of the AU’s
Post Conflict, Reconstruction and Development (PCRD) Framework. ACCORD has conducted
in-mission training for the AU missions in Burundi, Sudan and Somalia.

ACCORD has contributed actively to peacebuilding efforts on the continent. The Programme is
situated under the umbrella of the Peacebuilding Unit at ACCORD, and has focused its initiatives
on enhancing coherence and coordination, especially among local and international actors, which
was lacking in peacebuilding initiatives across the continent. Phase I identified that this was a
deficiency and needed focused attention. To achieve this, the Programme in the 2007 – 2009
period, trained 256 peacebuilders within the four focus countries; had consultations with 154
peacebuilding practitioners; and engaged with more than 100 policy makers on the continent and
beyond. These activities have not only focused on building the capacity of stakeholders, but have
continuously aimed at filling the coherence and coordination gap through: dialogue sessions;
workshops and training courses, bringing different stakeholders together to begin to share their
work with each other; understand their roles in the wider peacebuilding process; harmonize their
work; and collaborate on various initiatives. Through all of its activities, the Programme
continues to build and enhance local ownership, which is critical to sustainable peacebuilding.

The Programme has also established relationships with the AU, UN, regional bodies as well as
national peacebuilding institutions, supporting and assisting them in their work through dialogue,
policy discussions and peacebuilding training courses. ACCORD’s work in peacebuilding on the
continent was recognized when it was asked to host the Africa-Wide Dialogue on the Review of
the Progress of the United Nations Peacebuilding Commission (PBC), in Durban from
29-30 April, 2010, in partnership with the South African Department of International Relations
and Cooperation (DIRCO). In addition, ACCORD has worked closely with NEPAD and assisted
NEPAD with the development of its African Post-Conflict Reconstruction Policy Framework in
2004 and 2005.

ACCORD has also developed a close working relationship with the UN over the last decade and a
half, culminating in the Executive Director addressing a UN Security Council (SC) open debate
on conflict prevention in September 2005. In particular, ACCORD has developed a close working

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relationship with the UN Department of Peacekeeping Operations (DPKO) and the Office for the
Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA), through the Norwegian funded Training for
Peace Programme and the Finnish funded African Civil-Military Coordination (ACMC)
Programme. Through the years DPKO and OCHA participated in several ACCORD organised
training courses and seminars. ACCORD also hosted DPKO and OCHA training courses and
seminars, and ACCORD undertook and participated in several in-mission training courses, that is,
training courses conducted for and in ongoing UN peace operations. ACCORD was invited to
participate in the development of DPKO and OCHA training material, including participating in
field visits to missions to assess training needs and participated in a number of workshops and
other forums aimed at formulating UN training standards and guidelines. Since the start of the
APCP Programme, the relationship with the UN Department of Political Affairs (DPA) and the
UN’s Peacebuilding Support Office (PBSO) has also been strengthened. DPA and PBSO staff at
headquarters and in the field have attended APCP seminars and courses, and ACCORD has
benefited from their input and advice. ACCORD’s programmes in the peacekeeping and
peacebuilding field are thus well connected with the African Union and United Nations policy
and practitioner communities, who are, at times the clients of the programme, but also act as peer
reviewers in terms of the quality and relevance of the Programme.

4.3 Regional Focus

This Programme has benefited from its focus on a specific region, for instance in the relevance of
the context of the training material and training manual that have been developed thus far, and
that reflect the realities and characteristic of African peacebuilding frameworks, operations and
activities. The manual and the training material developed for the APCP Programme have relied
on African case studies, examples and role-plays and the students have thus benefited from a
course and manual that has been developed for Africa by Africans. It is of note that another,
indirect, spin-off from this Programme has been, and will continue to be, the recording and
capturing of African peacebuilding coordination experiences, lessons learned and best practises,
as this is required for the revision and further development of the training material and manual.

4.4 Gender

The Programme has and will continue to mainstream gender in all aspects of its execution in the
following ways:

(i) Mainstreaming gender, through appropriate content and presentation, in all the training
materials and manuals produced.
(ii) The manual, and other training material also include specific sections on gender, child
protection and other vulnerable groups;
(iii) The Programme has aimed to, and will continue to aim at attracting as many female
course participants as possible, and will, through its policy development activities,
encourage the employment and deployment of more female staff in planning and
coordination functions; and
(iv) The Programme has aimed to improve the gender balance in its staff and among the
instructors at its training courses.

4.5 Environment

The Programme will aim to avoid any negative impact on the environment as a result of its
activities. It will also include, in its curriculum, information that draws attention to the negative

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effect of conflict on the environment and how peacebuilding actors can play a role in mitigating
the impact of conflict on the environment. Most importantly, the programme will actively work
towards improving the linkages between the environment and peacebuilding in the second phase
of the programme.

4.6 Appropriate Technology

The Programme will be implemented using appropriate and approved equipment and
technologies that are not harmful to the environment.

Care will be taken to make use of technology that is appropriate in the African context. In this
regard, the limited access many of the trainees, instructors and specialists have to the internet and
computer related technology in general, will necessitate availing some of the training materials in
hard copy format.

Part V: Organisation and Management

5.1 Programme Organisation

APCP will be managed as part of the Peacebuilding Unit at ACCORD, which in-turn, is managed
by the Interventions Department.

5.2 Programme Administration

APCP is located and administered within the institutional framework of ACCORD. The structure
and functioning of this framework ensures that Programme objectives are informed by the
collective knowledge base of the institution. The Programme is coordinated and implemented as
part of the Peacebuilding Unit, and managed by the Interventions Department in the organisation.
A full-time Coordinator, Senior Programme Officer and Programme Officer will manage the
operational planning and implementation of the Programme on a day to day basis. The
Coordinator (100%) will be responsible for the overall oversight including strategic coordination
and administrative management of the Programme. The Senior Programme Officer (100%) will
manage the operational planning and implementation of the Programme on a day-to-day basis.
The Senior Programme Officer will be assisted by the Programme Officer (100%) in the
preparation for and implementation of Programme Activities as well as regular liaison with
stakeholders. The Coordinator, Senior Programme Officer and Programme Officer will be
assisted by a Programme Assistant (50%) in the areas of administration and logistics for each
activity. The Programme participates in the ACCORD Internship Programme, and at any given
time the Unit will have one or more interns assigned to it. Although Interns from all over the
world are accommodated, African interns receive preference and, where necessary, receive a
living allowance. All the programmes at ACCORD contribute to this valuable capacity building
initiative, and the Programme will contribute two (2) internships of six (6) months each.

The Programme will be supervised by the Interventions Department Manager (50%), who is
principally concerned with the overall strategic direction and planning of the Programme, as well
as the monitoring of the Programme, its financial management, and the evaluation and
supervision of Programme staff.

The Programme Advisor and specialist expert (25%) will be responsible for providing macro-

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strategic guidance that will continually inform the direction of the Programme. The Advisor will
be responsible for providing substantive advice on the peacebuilding coordination field,
development of training material, design of training courses and direction of the research and
policy development aspects of the Programme.

In addition, the Programme will be assisted by the executive management and support staff at
ACCORD. These include the General Manager: Operations who heads the Programme Division
at ACCORD, and the General Manager: Finance and Administration, who is responsible for
financial planning, budgeting, and accounting. The General Manager: Finance and
Administration is also responsible for preparing financial reports to the donor. In the final
instance the Executive Director of ACCORD is ultimately responsible for the functioning of the
Programme.

The final decision making power in the Programme will rest with an annual Supervisory Board
(SB) meeting consisting of the Ministry for Foreign Affairs (MFA) of Finland, a Finnish
Embassy representative in Pretoria and ACCORD. The SB meeting will be supported by a bi-
annual Steering Committee meeting, consisting of representatives from the Finnish Embassy in
Pretoria and ACCORD.

5.3 Decision-Making Arrangements

5.3.1. Supervisory Board

The final decision making power in the programme will rest with a Supervisory Board (SB).
More specifically, the Supervisory Board is responsible for:
 Approving annual work-plans, budgets, annual monitoring reports, financial reports and
audits;
 Amendments and changes in the Programme Document; and
 Providing input on policy issues, and when relevant;
o Issues related to programme personnel,
o Mid-term review and final evaluation, and
o Programme completion report and practical arrangements related to programme
completion.

The SB comprises representatives of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Finland, the Finnish
Embassy in Pretoria and ACCORD. The SB will meet once a year.

5.3.2 Steering Committee

The Supervisory Board (SB) will be supported by a Steering Committee consisting of

representatives from the Finnish Embassy in Pretoria and ACCORD. The Steering Committee
will meet on a bi-annual basis.

The Steering Committee:

 Is responsible to the SB for the programme management and achievement of programme
purpose;
 Finalises annual work plans and monitoring reports;
 Approves mid-term progress reports; and
 Is responsible for internal evaluation, and when relevant;
o Selection of participants to training courses,
o Issues related to programme personnel,

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o Mid-term review or final report, and

o Programme completion, programme completion report, and practical
arrangements related to programme completion.

5.4 Coordination with other Units/Institutions.

ACCORD has been in existence for nearly two decades and has developed an extensive
international and African network in the broader conflict management field over this period. This
network will be available to this Programme and will be used in its consultation and coordination
with UN, AU, sub-regional organizations, humanitarian and development organizations, and
African Troop Contributing Countries (TCCs). The Programme will further benefit from cross-
pollination with ACCORD’s Knowledge Production Department (KPD) and efforts to improve
synergies across the three Units of the Interventions Department at ACCORD. In particular, this
Programme will benefit from, compliment and work closely with the Norwegian-funded Training
for Peace (TfP) Programme.

5.5 Budget and Financial Management

MFA Guidelines for Programme Design, Monitoring and Evaluation will be followed. The
Budget for the programme is attached.

5.6 Planning, Monitoring and Reporting

Monitoring and progress reporting will follow the guidelines of the Ministry for Foreign Affairs
with mid-term and annual progress reports. These reports will include information on:
 The extent of achievement of results under each component;
 Activities implemented under each component;
 The delivery of means under each component;
 Possible changes in the Programme environment and their effects on the Programme; and
 Proposals for changes in the planned activities and their justification.

Annual monitoring reports, following the MFA “Guidelines for Programme Design, Monitoring
and Evaluation” will include, in addition, the following information:
 Proposals for changes in the Programme and their justification;
 The relevance of the Programme in relation to the needs of the beneficiaries;
 The potential impact of the Programme relating to the overall objectives;
 The extent of achievement of Programme purpose as a consequence of Programme
results;
 The extent of achievement of results;
 The execution of activities, and delivery of means;
 Possible changes in the Programme environment, including materialisation of
assumptions and risks, and their effects on the Programme;
 Different factors ensuring compatibility and sustainability; and
 Assessment of the efficiency of the implementation.

Financial management and reporting will be coordinated with the monitoring and progress
reporting. Annual audits are carried out by an independent audit company as per the relevant
laws in South Africa.

5.7 Evaluation

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The following evaluations are proposed:

 Mid-term review to evaluate the achievement of objectives so far, concentrating
especially on the probability to achieve the programme purpose, and potential changes in
the Programme activities and organisational structure. The mid-term review should also
assess the quality of the training manual before it is disseminated more widely;
 The mid-term review report should be approved by the Supervisory Board; and
 End of programme evaluation to assess the achievement of the programme purpose,
highlight lessons learned and to discuss a possible extension.

ANNEX 1 – Focus Countries 2011-2013 Scenarios

(i) Burundi

Burundi currently sits as one of the countries under the agenda of the United Nations
Peacebuilding Commission (UN PBC) and is receiving funds from the UN Peacebuilding Fund
(UN PBF) to support peacebuilding efforts. On this basis and with the uniqueness of Burundi and
its peacebuilding phase, it is a focus country of APCP being a major recipient of its training
courses and other activities. The Programme’s efforts are further consolidated by the presence of
an ACCORD office in the capital Bujumbura and four upcountry offices that deal with other
aspects of peacebuilding including; mediation in land conflicts, ensuring peaceful reintegration
processes by providing support towards reconciliation efforts, strengthening the capacity of civil
society to analyze and respond to conflict and implementation of election-related capacity
building initiatives.

In 2009, the Forces for National Liberation (FNL), the last armed group following Burundi’s
protracted civil war, agreed to a mediated settlement that saw them demobilise, disarm and
register as a political party. They had issues with the allocation of positions within the Burundi
Government, following the Arusha Accord, Parliament and the Army, thus destabilized some
peacebuilding processes including Demobilisation, Disarmament and Reintegration (DDR)
efforts. This cessation of hostilities had positive implications towards enhancing the sustainability
of peacebuilding programmes in Burundi and striving towards violence-free elections in 2010.

Currently, Burundi is in the consolidation phase of the peacebuilding process and indicators
include:

i) Nation-wide establishment of security;

ii) Establishment of democratic institutions;
iii) Signing of the Comprehensive Ceasefire Agreement between the Government of
Burundi and FNL;
iv) Implementation of the DDR process;
v) Implementation of SSR; and
vi) Ongoing repatriation of refugees.

With a lot of international, regional and local actors still on the ground in Burundi including the
UN Integrated Office in Burundi (BINUB), the AU, ICGLR, EAC, civil society organisations,
and EU amongst others, there is still a need for coordination to ensure the actors’ initiatives are
not duplicated but are streamlined towards the achievement of sustainable peacebuilding.

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Despite Burundi having a Peacebuilding Strategic Framework developed in 2007, it has remained
largely theoretical due to lack of an understanding of it, lack of coherent and coordinated
operational implementation plans, inadequate financial resources and lack of an effective
monitoring and evaluation system. In addition, the capacities of peacebuilding actors need to be
enhanced, and their role needs to be understood as the peacebuilding process evolves.

Notwithstanding all the positive developments over the past few years, the absence of integrated
and coordinated international strategy for post-conflict reconstruction has allowed a variety of
problems to fester in Burundi. The PBC has become the focus of attention as the best available
vehicle now for coordinating international assistance, and generally ensuring that the international
community will stay the course. Parallel to the initiative, there are a number of other initiatives
ongoing in Burundi, and it is therefore important to investigate not only the role of the PBC, but
to further assess the actions of all the peacebuilding actors.

(ii) Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC)

DRC provides space for both immediate and long-term peacebuilding initiatives due to its
fragility brought on by ongoing conflict in Ituri, Katanga and the Kivus and the involvement of a
multiplicity of diverse actors. In addition, in different parts of the country, peacemaking,
peacekeeping and peacebuilding activities are taking part simultaneously. Development is a key
concept of the peacebuilding process in DRC. Also of importance are the economic dimensions
of peacebuilding such as the linkages of the exploitation of natural resources to the exacerbation
of conflict.

Although there is no national strategic peacebuilding framework in DRC, the Government in

2009 put in place a programme which aims at stabilizing peace and security in the East of the
country - STAREC. This body will require assistance and support in understanding its role and
mandate and in carrying this out effectively and successfully. In addition, there is still need for a
more comprehensive peacebuilding framework that will go beyond the East, given the low-level
intensity conflict in other parts of the country. In terms of peacebuilding, DRC requires assistance
from the level of capacity building in basic peacebuilding, and the formation and strengthening of
coordination, coherence and governance structures and processes including DDR and SSR, and
specific focus on gender to ensure women are included and to address issues around the prevalent
sexual gender-based violence (SGBV).

Very importantly, the complexity of the situation in the country requires a holistic approach.
Apart from the role of external actors in DRC, there is an array of other actors performing
peacebuilding activities in the country and it is important they understand their role within the
peacebuilding system, especially considering that DRC is in its post-transition phase and going
into an electoral cycle.

(iii) Liberia
In Liberia, peacebuilding efforts have received support from a number of actors including the
PBC, UN, AU, Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS), Mano River Union,
government and civil society organisations at international, regional and national levels. Liberia’s
peacebuilding strategic framework is imbedded within the country’s Poverty Reduction Strategy
Paper (PRSP) (2008-2011), which includes aspects of governance, SSR and local ownership of
long-term peacebuilding processes. A review conducted in August 2009 however showed that
only 20 percent of the deliverables for the first year had been achieved. There is thus a need for

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Liberia’s capacity to be built in enabling them achieve the set out activities in their strategic
framework in relation to peacebuilding. At national level, peacebuilding is situated at the Liberian
Peacebuilding Office within the Ministry of Internal Affairs.

Some of the critical issues for Liberia include; upcoming elections in 2011, transitional justice;
reconciliation; strengthening the peacebuilding framework to make it more specific, measurable,
achievable, realistic and time-bound; and lack of sufficient funds and capacity to effectively
implement peacebuilding programmes and initiatives. In addition, the vicious cycle of poverty,
weakened governance and state institutions has presented a great number of challenges for
peacebuilding and the attainment long-term sustainable development.

(iv) Sudan

Sudan is concurrently engaged in three processes, peacekeeping, peacemaking and peacebuilding.

There are still a number of conflict hotspots that make the country fragile. Peacebuilding efforts
are on the rise as the Comprehensive Peace Agreement (CPA) between the North and South is
taking place, with a multiplicity of actors involved in various programmes and activities.

In Sudan, the National Peacebuilding framework is derived from the 2005 CPA and looks at
issues of cultural and religious coexistence, SSR and DDR , the re-establishment of the
North/South border as it stood on 1 January 1956, wealth sharing, formulation of State Power,
setting up of a development fund and preparations for the 2011 referendum and just concluded
elections. However, the implementation has been delayed, the CPA is not considered inclusive
and women are underrepresented. The issue of inadequate funding and a lack of coherence and
coordination are also identified as gaps.

Sudan currently has two peace operations within its territory, the United Nations Mission in
Sudan (UNMIS) and the African Union/United Nations Hybrid Mission in Darfur (UNAMID). In
addition to the two operational missions, Sudan also pays host to a large number of international
actors involved in the peacebuilding process in that country, and the internal and external actors
all have a significant stake in the peacebuilding process in Sudan. Combined efforts by all the
stakeholders in the peacebuilding process have resulted in comprehensive recovery strategies for
Sudan, such as the 2002 – 2006 Comprehensive Country Assessment (CCA) and United Nations
Development Assistance Framework (UNDAF) and the United Nations and Partners: 2007 Work
Plan for Sudan, which are to assist with peacebuilding in the country. However, with such a
diverse range of actors engaged in peacebuilding efforts, peacebuilding coordination has become
an inherently complex affair.

Interventions should focus on a holistic approach to peacebuilding, taking into account critical
issues such as early warning and early response, environmental, gender, and resource (cattle,
land, oil, water) issues. The issue of secession is one that the Programme must monitor closely to
assess the impact it will have on current efforts.

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ANNEX 2:
Logical Framework Matrix

LOGFRAME PLANNING MATRIX FOR Implementation Period January 2011 – December

2013

Total Budget € 1,900,000.00

The African Peacebuilding Coordination Programme

Overall objective: Supporting enhanced coherence and coordination, across the peace,
security, humanitarian, development and human rights dimensions, in peacebuilding
operations in Africa, in support of the attainment of just and sustainable peace in
countries emerging from conflict.

Objectively Verifiable Indicators Sources of Verification Assumptions and Risks

Sub-Objective 1: Develop Local
Capacity/Ownership for Peacebuilding
- An increase in the number of - Annual report
personnel trained in conflict - Mid-term review - Monitor adverse
resolution and peacebuilding; - Final evaluation political and other
- An increase in the number of - The establishment of a database conditions
female personnel trained in conflict and stand-by roster
resolution and peacebuilding; arrangements. - Monitor change in
- An increase in the number of country dynamics
trained internal or local actors - People trained in
engaged in peacebuilding; conflict resolution will
- Number of trained personnel be used in such roles.
registered in Peacebuilding
databases and standby rosters;

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Sub-Objective 2: Support National,
Regional and International Policy
Frameworks and Approaches
Results
Sub-Objective 3: Create a Platform for
Dialogue and Identification of Best Practice
and Knowledge
- Number of persons trained that are
engaged in peacebuilding, or are
deployed within 6 to 12 months of
them having attended a training
course;
- Number of training courses,
aggregated by topics addressed,
location/region;
- Number of persons trained,
aggregated by profession;
Objectively Verifiable Indicators
- Number of policy development
interventions supported by the
Programme;
- Number of policy documents or
related policy projects produced as
a result.
Objectively verifiable indicators
- Number of publications:
- Number of case studies developed
for training courses;
- Number of articles contributed to
African and international journals;
- Number of local and international
conferences and workshops on
African Centre for the Constructive Resolution of Disputes
Sources of Verification
- Annual report
- Mid-term review
- Final evaluation
- Applied research
Sources of Verification
- Reports
- Field-testing of training
material and revision and
update of manual and
Handbook;
- Number of research
publications and level of
Risks/Assumptions
High staff turnover within
stakeholders, and the
respective national, sub-
regional, regional and
international structures
responsible for liaising with
the Programme.
Poor coordination of
national, regional and
international policies on
coordination.
Assumptions
International and regional
stakeholders will approve of
the training material and
curriculum.
Training manuals and
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peacebuilding attended. publication; handbooks need to remain

- Number of policy products and relevant in fast changing
impact of the policy environment.
development support;
- Number of case studies
developed for training courses.

Activities Means Costs Assumptions

(1) Training
(2) Roster of Peacebuilding Experts
(3) Policy Development and Knowledge
Generation
(1) 6 x in-country training courses
Refer to final budget
2 x Joint peacebuilding training and
study tour
(2) Establishment of peace building
roster in the first year

Maintenance and update of the

peacebuilding roster in year 2 and 3

(3) 1 x Policy Development Workshop

1 x Review and Revision of

Peacebuilding Handbook

Preconditions
- There is co-operation
from UN, AU and all
other major
stakeholders and
beneficiaries.

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