SMALL CELLS AND HETEROGENEOUS NETWORKS

José Vilela
June 19th, 2012

COPYRIGHT © 2011 ALCATEL-LUCENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

AGENDA

1. INTRODUCTION
2. HETEROGENEOUS NETWORKS
CONCEPTS
MOTIVATIONS
CHALLENGES

3. SMALL CELLS
COMMON FEATURES
NODE TYPES
TECHNICAL ASPECTS

4. WRAP-UP

COPYRIGHT © 2011 ALCATEL-LUCENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

WHAT’S
GOING ON
WITH
MOBILE
NETWORKS?

COPYRIGHT © 2011 ALCATEL-LUCENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

THE GAME HAS CHANGED
37% of Internet traffic during prime
Pbytes/
time is online video
month

5000

X30 mobile traffic

2500

2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

Dongle/tablets Smartphones Feature phones

Connected, IP-enabled Video Smartphones Mobile Internet

Mobile Internet
Devices
70% of mobile
traffic by 2014
1.200 Million devices ~ 70% of internet traffic by 2.500 Million 70% of mobile
connected by 2014 2014 connections by 2015 traffic by 2014

Source: Bell Labs analysis

COPYRIGHT © 2011 ALCATEL-LUCENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

 Mobile Data Traffic (2011-2015)

COPYRIGHT © 2011 ALCATEL-LUCENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

TRAFFIC GROWTH
EQUALS BASE STATION GROWTH
Base Station Requirements in a Tier 1 City
2,500
Based on Downlink BW
Based on Uplink BW
2,000
Based on Erlangs
Based on Signaling

1,500

1,000

500

-
2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
Source: Bell Labs

3 Technologies, 5 spectrum bands,

6

What’s next? COPYRIGHT © 2011 ALCATEL-LUCENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

 KEY CHALLENGES

SPECTRUM EXHAUST COVERAGE/CAPACITY COST

Limits of 2G, 3G, 4G

Residential
Peak data efficiency (bps/Hz)

Infeasible region Dense Outdoor Indoor

LTE Hot Spots Hot Spots
4
SHANNON-BOUND

HSDPA
2

Coverage
GSM Holes
-5 +5 +15 Rural Areas PCMD data captured during busy hour
Signal-to-noise ratio (dB) indicates that congestion is localized and
better addressed by targeted
deployments

Goal: Improving QoE and lowering cost in a non-obtrusive manner

COPYRIGHT © 2011 ALCATEL-LUCENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

HETEROGENEOUS
NETWORKS

COPYRIGHT © 2011 ALCATEL-LUCENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

HETEROGENEOUS NETWORK
COMBINING STRENGTHS

Home Small Cell 3G/4G Macro

3G/4G Macro Distributed
Antenna
Wi-Fi

Enterprise Small Cell Metro Cell

WiFi Hotspots

Enterprise Small Cell

COPYRIGHT © 2011 ALCATEL-LUCENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

HETNET ARCHITECTURE

AAA HLR

Enterprise

Macro
Cell MME/SGSN
Home cell
ANDSF
WIRELESS CONVERGED
HETEROGENEOUS WIRELESS Internet
WLAN AP NETWORK CORE
(Wi-Fi)
WLAN GW
PCRF
Residential
SGW/PGW/GGSN
Entreprise
Metro cell
cell
NETWORK MANAGEMENT CDN

OAM

10

COPYRIGHT © 2011 ALCATEL-LUCENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

 MORE COMPLEX
MORE EFFICIENT
1 UE stays on
Macro layer
1 as it moves
2 through the
network
3
2G/3G
Macro
2 UE moves
between
Macro and
Home Cells
LTE
Macro
3 UE accesses
3G and 4G
Macro, Metro,
and Home cells
2G/3G/LTE
Metro + Home Cells Metro

Home Home

Traffic is distributed intelligently across RAN technologies, frequencies, and node types

11

COPYRIGHT © 2011 ALCATEL-LUCENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

HETNET MOTIVATIONS

COVERAGE
TRUE UBIQUITY
Rural areas, deep indoor settings,
homes in tall buildings or remote settings,
entreprise campuses, construction site, etc.

CAPACITY
TO DEAL WITH THE NEXT 1.000 MILLION DEVICES
WHY
Higher spectrum efficiency by reduced cell radius
HETNET?
Higher baseband capacity per square meter

QUALITY OF EXPERIENCE
TO DELIVER NEXT GENERATION SERVICES
Video, video, video...
Downlink, Uplink, Interactive, Immersive

12

COPYRIGHT © 2011 ALCATEL-LUCENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

HETNET CHALLENGES

INTERFERENCE

MOBILITY

BACKHAUL

PROVISIONING

13

COPYRIGHT © 2011 ALCATEL-LUCENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

 PROVISIONING
SELF-ORGANIZING NETWORKS (SON)
MOBILITY

Integration INTERFERENCE

SON
Optimization
COGNITIVE RADIO

Site
acceptance

Continuous
optimization

OAM

Automatic
Self- Interference Load Handover
Neighbour
configuration Management Balancing Optimization
Relation

14

COPYRIGHT © 2011 ALCATEL-LUCENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

MOBILE BACKHAUL
IP ENABLES SIMPLICITY
Macro
Microwave Cell
Core
GE
Site

TD-LTE
Wi-Fi
PTMP
IP TRANSPORT NETWORK

6-38GHz HFC
G-PON/ADSL CMTS
80GHz DOCSIS 3.0
OLT
Fiber
Fiber Fiber
splitter splitter
Any Wireless Backhaul
Coax

Any Fixed Backhaul

15

COPYRIGHT © 2011 ALCATEL-LUCENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

What’s in a
Small Cell?

16

COPYRIGHT © 2011 ALCATEL-LUCENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

COMMON FEATURES

SHORT RANGE
FROM 10 TO SOME HUNDRED METRES
In contrast with typical mobile macrocell of up to
several tens of kilometers.

LOW POWER
TYPICALLY UNDER 0.5 WATT
TRANSFORMATION
FRAMEWORK Mostly under power threshold for required licensing
About 25 mW in home versions for added safety

LOW COST
MINIMUM INFRASTRUCTURE REQUIREMENTS
Taking advantage of pre-existing infrastructure
indoor and outdoor

17

COPYRIGHT © 2011 ALCATEL-LUCENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

 NODE TYPES

Targeted Segments

HOME CELL Residential

ENTERPRISE CELL Enterprise

METRO CELL Shopping Malls,

INDOOR Indoor spots

METRO CELL City Squares,

OUTDOOR Villages, Stadiums
Capacity
Metro cells
18

COPYRIGHT © 2011 ALCATEL-LUCENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

ALCATEL-LUCENT LIGHTRADIOTM SMALL CELLS

9361 9362 9362 9363 Metro 9364 Metro 9764 Metro 9768 Metro 9764 Metro
Home Cell Enterprise Enterprise Cell Indoor Cell Outdoor Cell Outdoor Radio Cell Outdoor
Cell Cell WCDMA WCDMA W-CDMA Outdoor LTE LTE

Private Small Cells Metro Cells

Home Small Cell 3G/4G Macro

3G/4G Macro Distributed
Antenna
WiFi

Enterprise Small Cell Metro Cell

WiFi Hotspots

Enterprise Small Cell

19

COPYRIGHT © 2011 ALCATEL-LUCENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

LIGHTRADIOtm SMALL CELLS PORTFOLIO
9361 HOME CELL

Main features
• 4 users capacity
• 20 mW output power
• 2100MHz UMTS operating band
• 2100MHz UMTS sniffing band
• 900/1800MHz GSM sniffing band
• Full rate HSPA
• Ethernet backhauling
• Security through crypto memory or digital
certificate
• Free standing and wall mounting
• Plug and play installation, no radio planning

20

COPYRIGHT © 2011 ALCATEL-LUCENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

LIGHTRADIOtm METRO FAMILY
MAST MOUNTING WITH SEPARABLE RF FROM TRANSPORT MODULE

Passive Cooling, Designed for simple transport connectivity

21

COPYRIGHT © 2011 ALCATEL-LUCENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

Wrap-up!

22

COPYRIGHT © 2011 ALCATEL-LUCENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

NEXT NETWORKS WILL BE HETEROGENEOUS

Reference point : 3 macro LTE BTS

Dense Paris Area
Traffic increase forecast
Metro cells densification year over year
(year 1 = 4, Year 2 = 7, Year 3 = 15, Year 4 = 19)

Capacity close to the user = best option for downlink = only option for uplink

23

COPYRIGHT © 2011 ALCATEL-LUCENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

FUTURE NETWORKS WILL BE VIRTUAL
Virtual BTS Virtual Control
Technology Agnostic Processing Optimization
Wideband
• Active Antennas and MB-RRH active Conventional • Virtualization of
• RF in all bands 700-2600 MHz antenna BBU applications
arrays
• SoC-based BBU (2G/3G/LTE) with any IP • Standardization on
baseband open platforms
IP • Supporting multiple
Flexible and Scalable technologies and
• Different deployment options Metrocell
IP multiple topologies
(conventional, clustered or All-in-one:
Baseband IP mobile
pooled) integrated in backhaul
• Virtualization and processing radio head IP
IP
aggregation
Macrocell
Wireless
IP Controllers packet core
Ultra Compact Multi-band
CPRI
• Near Zero footprint BTS remote
over fiber
radio head
• New generation cabinets with any
baseband
Centralized baseband
RF only sites

Convergence
Wireline and Wireless Network Convergence IP Convergence
• Integration with broadband Small Cells • Consistent IP service quality and management
• Integration with Optics (WDM, PON) and xDSL between Wireless and Wireline

24

COPYRIGHT © 2011 ALCATEL-LUCENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

 25

COPYRIGHT © 2011 ALCATEL-LUCENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.